Falam Baibal
Thianghlim hi Rinsan
a tlak ngaingai maw?
Rev. Dr. Stephen Hre Kio
Kan Falam
Baibal Thianghlim a suah kum cu
1992 ah a si. Kum 1974, January 1, ihsin Falam ah a leh kan thok nain 1985
lawngah (USA ah) kan theh. Falam ah Komiti pawl in an cek ih an theh. A cektu
Komiti hi minung 20 hrawng an si.United Bible Societies Translation Consultant
tla in an cek thluh. Cuih hnu ah computer ah kan khum, checking
voihnih thum kan
tuah ih FBA
Civuipi, Lumte khua
ah, February 16,
1992, Bawipa Ni sun ah Pathian hnenah minung 5000 in kan ap. Uk
thawnghra kan nam nain in daih lo. Cuih hnu ah voi ngaruk kan nam saal zo ih a
zate in uk thawng sawmli (40,000) lenglo Falam Christian kut sungah
a thleng. Kan
Kawhhran cawmtu ah Pathian in a
hmang. Kan Pathian a hmin kan thangthat. America (USA) khal ah kan hmanzetmi
Baibal Thianghlim a si. Kan nam hnu kum kul sung ahhin kan Baibal Thianghlim hi
a lawmtu an tam vekin a lawm lotu khal an um ve. Cule a thatnak rel hnakin a
tlaksamnak a reltu le a ngan duhtu khal an um ve thotho. Kan dung kum hleinga
hrawng a si zo ding, kan Baibal Thianghlim hi tlaksamnak a nei, tiah nasazet in
ca a ngantu an um. “Soisel a si lo, faksel a si,” an ti. Grik ah cuti’n a um;
Rev. Thang Hup in cutiin a let; Rev. Hre Kio cun cuti’n a let ih tlaksamnak a
nei, (a ti dik lo, hrelhmi a tam) ti duhnak thawn tamzet an ngan. Cuih thu
thawn pehpar in cahram pakhat ka nganmi a um. An soiselnak cu kan let. A siartu
cun nan thei ding. Cuih hnuah Falam Baibal Thianghlim ah hrelhmi a um, tiah
nganmi a um lala. Cumi khal cu tha seh, tiih bom duhnak le rem duhnak thinlung
thawn si loin a tlasam a si, ti langternak ah a si ih kan Kawhhran hrekkhat cu
an thin a nuam lozet. Curuangah cahram malte ka ngan ih siar dingin kan zem.
Hrelhmi a um an timi hi a dik maw? timi thu ka ngan ih cuih hnu cun a dai
deuh.Cule tubaite (November
26, 2011) ah
Dr. Timothy Sui
Lian Mang in
BIBLE DANDANG KHAIKHINNAK timi a
ngan; tamzet a ngan ih Internet ah a thlah. (A siartu tampi nan um ding ka
zum). Himi hi mi dangdang an nganmi hnakin a kau deuh ih ruah tulmi a um.
Cahmai (full page) 22 hrawng a sau. A nganmi ah column pasarih (kuat-pasarih)
in a tuah ih a hmaisabik kuat ah Baibal Cacaang; kuat hnihnak ah Mirang Baibal
(KJV- King James Version); kuat thumnak ah Thuthlung Thar, Dr. Sui Lian Mang ih
lehmi; kuat linak ah Baibal Thianghlim, Dr. Hre Kio ih lehmi; kuat nganak ah
Pathian Thu Thianghlim, Dr. Thang Hup ih
lehmi; kuat ruknak ah Lai Baibal
Thiang, Dr. Van
Bik ih lehmi;
kuat sarihnak ah
Pathian Lehkhabu Thianghlim,
Mizo Baibal, tiin a ret. A sim a rel duhbikmi cu: Mi dangdang ih Baibal
an lehmi sungah a “Um Lo” mi tampi a um. Falam Baibal Thianghlim sungah khal a
“Um lo” tampi a um ih a zate ih siar tikah “Um lo” lawnglawng hi 300 hrawng a
si. “Um Lo” a timi a tambik cu Falam Baibal, Hakha Lai Baibal Thiang, le Mizo
Baibal “Pathian Lehkhabu Thianghlim” hi an si. Saya Thang Hup ih lehmi hi “Um
Lo” timi a tam ve nain “A um” a timi a um phahphah. Asinain amah Dr. Sui Lian
Mang ih lehmi Thuthlung Thar sung ahcun a um thluh, a kim thluh. King James
Version sungih a um thluh vekin anih lehmi sung khal ah a um thluh ve. “Um Lo”
a timi sung ahhin catlang (sentence) hrek khal a si thei, tongfang pakhat (one
word) khal a si thei. Cule Pathian hmin (God, Jesus) timi a um lo, a tinak khal
a tam thotho.
Atu ka nganmi cahram
sung ahhin ka ngan duhmi cu: BAIBAL DANGDANG KHAIKHINNAK tiah Dr. Sui Lian Mang
ih a nganmi hi ka siar hnu ah kan hmuh daan ka nganmi a si. Midang ih an lehmi
Baibal hi an let thiam lo, an let sual, a tinak a si lo; an lehmi Baibal hi an
sirhsanmi Mirang Baibal, a kim lomi, asilole, Grik Baibal a dang-awk ruangah
Baibal Dangdang, bang-aw lo, a suahnak hi a si, a ti. Cule amah Dr. Sui Lian
Mang ih a sirhsanmi Baibal hi Mirang Baibal King James
Version a si
ih “rinsan tlak
bik a si” a ti.
Cule hih Mirang
Baibal King James Version hi an
leh lai ah Grik Baibal Textus Receptus sirhsan ih an lehmi a si ruangah cuih
Grik Baibal Textus Receptus tla cu Grik Baibal hmuahhmuah lakah “rinsan tlak
bik a si,” a ti. Cumi a thlun ruangah a Baibal lehmi Thuthlung Thar ahcun “um
lo” a nei lo; a um thluh, a kim thluh tiin a langter. Cumi cu mangbang ding a
si lo; a thlunmi Baibal vekin a um, a kim, a tul a sisi! (A kim lo le a palh a
si sawn ding.) Hitawk ih ka langter duhmi cu: Dr. Sui Lian Mang ih a thlunmi Mirang
Baibal King James Version hi rinsan tlak bik a si lo, ti le Grik Baibal a
thlunmi Textus Receptus khal hi
rinsan tlakbik a
si thotho lo,
(a kim lomi a um ih beetmi tla a
um) ti hi ka langter duhmi a si.
A. King James Version
Dr. Sui Lian Mang in
KJV (King James Version) le Textus Receptus hi “rinsan tlak bik a si” a timi
hi mangbangza a
si. Ziangahtile Mirang
Baibal dangdang liangluang
le Grik Baibal dangdang liangluang lakah himi pahnih
hi “rinsan tlak bik a si” timi cu thil pahnih ruangah a si ding, tiah ka ruat: (1) A theih lo ruangah maw? (2) “Fundamentalist” lungput a neih ruangah maw?
ti hi a si. A theih lo ruangah cun a si lo ding, ziangahtile Baibal thuhla
tawkfang a zingzoi (a leh-la) ve ruangah. “Fundamentalist” lungput (zumnak) a
pom ruangah a si thei, ti’n ka ruat. Ziangahtile “Fundamentalist” hrekkhat
lungput cu, “KJV siar lo, Baibal dang siar ding a si lo, KJV lawng hi a dikmi,
Pathian thawtkhummi a si” an ti ruangah cumi lam deuh hoi in a simmi a si ding,
ti’n ka ruat. Hiti ka zummi hi ka palh a si thei; Dr. Sui Lian Mang hi ka tong
dah lo hmang ka ti;
kan tong-aw zo
khalle Baibal thuhla
cu kan rel
tlang dah lo,
tiin ka ruat.Fundamentalist lungput deuh ih a simmi a
si lo ahcun zumnak (pommi, dinhmun) dang a um thei dingmi ka hmu thei lo.
Kum 1981 hrawngah USA
ah “Falam Baibal ka let” tiin Khristian hotu pakhat hnenih ka ti tikah, “King
James Version sirhsan in na let maw?” tiah i sut. “Let hlah!” ka ti. “KJV na
let lo le cu Baibal let ding na si lo; KJV lawnglawng Pathian thawtkhummi a si”
tiah in ti dah. Cumi kha ka ciing ringring. Fundamentalist hrekkhat lungput cu
anmah pommi le hmuhmi ih tlun ah midang hmuhmi cu an pom lo lawng a si lo;
Satan ta tluk ah an ruat. Keimah hrimhrim in Guam kan Biakinn ih an simmi ka
thei: “TEV hi Satan ih forhfialnak in lehmi a si” tiah pastor pakhat in a ti dah.TEV
Baibal khal hi Baibal dangdang bangtuk in Pathian thluasuahmi a si ve, ti hi an
ruat dah lo hmang ka ti. An lungput hi phundang deuh a si. 1952 hrawng ih an
nammi Revised Standard Version (RSV) Mirang
Baibal hi Fundamentalist pawl cun
Satan lehmi an ti; a lettu hrekkhat pawl hi Communists an si, an ti ih USA
North Carolina ah Biakinn/Pastor pakhat in RSV Baibal cu meisa in an ur. Cule a
lettu hrekkhat kha Communists an si, an timi thubuai kha America Congress US
Hlutdaw tiang a thleng ih Hlutdaw in felfaizet ih an zingzoi hnu ah RSV Baibal lettu pawl
hi “Communists an si” timi
hi a dik
lo; thulolak a
si, an ti.
(It was rebutted
as “venomous nonsense” in the House of Representatives in Washington).
Cumi cu 1960 kum ah a si. Cuti ih lungput le nun cu Khristian lungput le nun ah
Fundamentalist hrekkhat pawl cun anruat. Pathian ih fialmi tluk ah an ruat.
Khristian dang thawn kan hmuh daan a dang-aw tinak a si. Ziangah KJV cu rinsan
tlakbik a si lo, ka ti, ti cu a thuai ah ka ngan ding. King James Version hi a
tawizawng in KJV kan ti. England Siangpahrang James an timi hmin suangin King
James Baibal timi a si. Amah Siangpahrang James ih lehmi a si ruangah a si lo.
Amah in let ding le
Biakinn kip ih siar dingin thu a pek, tiah ruahmi a si ruangah a si. Asinain Siangpahrang
James in let dingah (rem dingah) a tawlrel; asinain Biakinn ih siar dingah thu
a peknak tetti (documents) khui hman ah a um lo. Cuvek tetti a um, tiih an
zumnak menmen a si. Tetti a um lo khalle a dik vekah an ruat tata! Cumi cu
milai daan a si ko; culai khalah a si; tuih san khal ah a si ko. Mangbang ding
a si lo. Cule KJV let dingih Siangpahrang James ih a tawlrel tikah, let ding ti
hman a si lo; rem ding (revise tuah ding) ti a si. Ziangahtile Baibal dangdang
a um tampi zo. Miles Coverdale Baibal timi 1535 ah a suak; Matthew’s Baibal
timi 1537 ah an nam; Geneva Baibal tla 1560 ah an suah (himi hi verses –
cacaang thawn an suah hmaisabikmi a si; himi hi Scotland mi le England mi in an
lehmi a si ih mipi in an duhzet); cule Bishop Baibal tla 1568 ah a suak. Hiti’n
Baibal a um tam zo ruangah rem sisehla a hnok hnuaihni mi hi reh seh, ti duhnak
a si. Cuti cun Baibal rem ding cu 1604 ah an tawlrel thok. Ziangah Baibal tampi
a um zo nain a dang KJV cu an thok lala? Baibal a tam
tikah ruahnak a
tam ih Khristian
pawl an thinlung
a then-aw hniaihniai.
Cutiih then- awknak cu reh seh, ti
duhnak thawn KJV cu leh an thok. Asinain an leh tikah an rem-aw deuh cuang lo.
An rem-awk lonak a luar sawn. Cuti ih Baibal an rem tikah “Bishop Bible hi
thlun siseh” an ti ih an thlun. Mipi in an duhbik ruangah a
si lo; Bishop
hleihnih hrawng ih lehmi
a si ih
Siangpahrang James ih
duhmi a si ruangah
a si. Cutiih
an rem tikah
Thukam Thar (New
Testament) tla cu
a hlan ih
William Tyndale in 1526 ih a lehmi Thukam Thar sung ihsin za ah sawmriat
(80%) an lak. KJV lettu pawl in a zatein KJV Baibal hi a thar in an let thluh,
tiah mi tampi ih kan ruah theumi cu a dik lo.A lettu pawl cu sawmnga le pali an
si ih kum hnih le thla kua ah an theh. (Zamrangtuk in an theh!) An theh tikah
an hotu Miles Smith (editor pakhat) cun: Kan lehmi hi a thar leh a si lo, rem (revised)
mi a si. Puritan Khristian le Roman Catholic Khristian duhmi laifang in kan
fehpimi a si, a ti. An leh tikah Roman Catholic Kawhhran ih Baibal “Apocrypha”
khal an telh; Protestant ih Baibal
hnakin cabu 14
a tam deuh.
(RC Kawhhran hotu
pakhat Jerome hman
in AD 420 hrawngah
Latin Baibal Vulgate a leh tikah hi Aprocrypha hi a telh lomi a si.) KJV
Baibal cu (Apocrypha tel in) an nam theh tikah, A thar teih lehmi Baibal, tin a
phaw ih an nganmi cu a dik lomi a si. Mi in KJV hi lei hai seh ti duhnak ih
nganmi a si. King James Version ah palhnak malte hman a um lo maw? A thuai ah
kan zohhnik ding. “Bible hi Pathian
thawtkhum mi a
si, a sualpalh
thei lo tin
na zum asile
ziang Bible bik? Ti
thungaithlak ih na ruah a tul. Pathian thu famkim ngankhumnak Bible hi ziang a
si bik ding, ti ruah le zingzawi a tul rori” tiah Dr. Sui Lian Mang in a ngan. Hiti
a ngan tikah thusuhnak pahnih a langter: “Bible hi Pathian thawkhummi a si, a
sualpalh thei lo ti’n na zum asile ziang Bible bik?” tile “Pathian thu famkim
ngankhumnak Bible hi ziang a si bik ding?” tin thusuhnak pahnih a um. Hi pahnih
ih thulehnak hi, amah Dr. Sui Lian Mang in asim lo nain, midang ih leh dingah a
duhsak a si, ti ruah dingmi cu: “Thuthlung Thar, Dr. Sui Lian Mang ih lehmi!”
ti haisehla a duhmi a si, tin ka ruat. Ziangahtile amah lehmi sungah thelhmi zianghman a
um lo tiin
a langter ih,
midang lehmi ahcun
“Um Lo” kha
(Falam Baibal Thianghlim tla
ahcun) 300 lenglo a um, ti a langter. Hiti a nganmi, Internet ih a thlahmi, a
rak siartu lakah pakhat
tla cun, “A diklo
mi cu hrial
uhsi” tin a
ngan zo. Cumi
cu hih Baibal Dangdang Khaikhinnak hin a tumtahmi a
si, ti’n ka ruat. A ti fuh riai ka ti. King James Version a tlaksamnak:
1. KJV kan ti tikah
1611 ih an nammi KJV le tuihsan ih kan siarmi KJV cu tamzet an dang-aw. KJV ti
tikah Version pakhat lawng a si lo. Mi hrekkhat in “Original KJV” cu rin a
umbik, an ti theu. (A hmaisabik
ih lehmi KJV
tican a si.)
Asinain cuih KJV
cu voi tampi
an rem zo. Curuangah King James Version cu a dikbik,
kan ti asile khuimi KJV bik? ti thusuh a tul. 1611 ih an suahmi KJV ah palhnak
tete (malte lawng) kan rel dingmi cu: (a) Matt 26:36, ah “Cule Jesuh cu … a
feh” ti ding a si nain, “Cule Judas cu… a feh” a ti. (b) Suah (Exodus) 14:10 ih
ummi, “Israel mi pawl cun anmah dawi ih Izipt mi an rat kha an hmu tikah an tih
ngaingai” timi catlang pakhat hi voithum tiang a ngan beet. (c) Thukham Pahra
sungah pasarihnak Suah 20:14, (The Seventh Commandment) ah an ti sualmi, a
besia zetmi a um. “Taangtawm sualnak (adultery) na tuah lo pei” timi ah “lo”
timi an hrelh pang ih, “Taangtawm sualnak na tuah pei” tiin an nam. (d) (Daan
5:24 ih palhsualmi tla cu hih cahram sungah telh ka duh lem lo.) Cubangtuk a si
ruangah mipi an thin a heng ih KJV cu “Baibal Siava” (The Wicked Bible) an ti.
Baibal a namtu pa kha paisa fai zathum an cawh. Culai san ih paisa fai zathum
cu a tam ngaingai. (e) Luka 20:9-18, sungih, “Cabit Hmuan Tahthimnak” timi khi,
“Cabit Tahthimnak” tiin a um ih mipi in KJV cu “Cabit Baibal” (The Vinegar
Bible) an ti. (f) 1 Kor 6:9, sungih, “Mi tha lo cun Pathian uknak a co thei lo
ding,” timi khi, “Mi tha lo cun Pathian uknak a co thei ding,” tiin a um. KJV
sungah an palhnak – an nam sualmi – hih ruahnak hnakin a tam ih an tuat tikah
cahmai pahra ah palhnak pakhat cu a um ringring, an ti. KJV a lettu (a remtu)
pawl in an hnatuanmi himidang hnatuanmi hnakih ahleice in “Pathian thawtkhummi
a si” tiin an zum lo vek ngaingai in palhnak a tam an hmuh tikah milai
hnatuanmi a si zia, an thei fiang sinsin. A tlaksamnak cu hi vial in tawk seh.
A tampi rel khalah thathnemnak a um cuang lo. A tlaksamnak kan rel duhmi khal a
si lo.
2. KJV hi rem a tul,
tiin 1611 kum sung hman ah rem tulmi an hmu ih rem sehla (revise) ti an tum.
1612 kum ah rem an thok. 1613 kum ah hmun 413 ah an rem. 1616 ah an rem lala.
Kum 1629 ah an rem lala ih cutawk remmi ah Apocrypha an telh lo. Asinain telh a
duhtu an tamzet ruangah 1800 hnu tiangah Apocrypha an telhmi KJV a um lai.
Cambridge University ih hnatuan pawl
in 1629 ah
a dang tein
an rem. Cule
1638 ah KJV
cu Baibal Remtu
komiti timi Goad, Ward, Boyse le
Mead in an rem. Cutiih remmi a tam ruangah William Kilburne an timi pa cun an remmi
hmuahhmuah hi kum 1659 ah a khawm ih voi ruk remmi sungah hin palhnak an remmi thawngkul (20,000)
a um, tiah a ngan.
1660 kum ah
an rem tikah
Baibal a kapah
(margins) remmi an ngan (They wrote marginal notes.) 1683 ah an rem sal
ih cuih Baibal sungah a kap ih nganmi (marginal notes) hi 7250 a um an ti.
Siangpahrang cabu namtu Edinburgh khua ih ummi in kum 1727 ih KJV Thukam Hlun
an remmi sungah a kap ih retmi (marginal notes) hi thawng tampi (several
thousands) a um ih remmi a si, a ti. Cutiin a kap ih nganmi (marginal notes)
pawl hi kum zahnih zathum hnu ahcun Baibal Cathiang sungah an ngancih theu.
Cuti cun an beetmi tete Baibal Cathiang sungah khum in a um vivo. Cutiih beetmi
a tam vivo ih an remmi lak khalah pakhat le pakhat an dang-awk tikah a thabik
um thei sehla ti duhnak thawn Benjamin Blayney in editor hnatuan amah tein a pe
aw ih a rem ve. Amah hi Hebru ca lam ahcun mithiamzet a si; Hertford College,
England, ah Vice-Principal a tuan. Amah in edit a tuah hlanih KJV a suakmi pali
– kum 1611 ih a suakmi KJV, 1743 ih an remmi Cambridge edition timi KJV, 1760
ih an remmi KJV, le Lloyd in 1701 ih a remmi KJV –hi a khaikhin hai ih 1769 kum
ah a remmi cu an suah. Mi tampi hih Benjamin Blayney ih remmi hi an duh ih,
Mirang Acozah leilung pumpuluk ah mi nehtu le thuneitu a si caan thawn a dang- aw
ih hih Baibal hi England ah siseh, ramdang ah siseh, an hmanzetmi Baibal ah a
cang. The Oxford Standard edition an ti. Hih KJV hi Apocrypha tel loin an nammi
a si. Kum 1611 ih a suakmi KJV thawn cun an dang-awknak hi a tamzet: Hmun
24,000 ah an dang-aw, an ti theu. Hitiin KJV an rem tikah, a hlan ih an remmi
kha nam nawn loih um loin an nam hrih thotho theu ruangah KJV hi version pakhat
hnak tam siar dingin a um. Kum 1821 ah England ihsin (British and Foreign Bible
Society ihsin) KJV cu America ah an thlenpi ih 1830 hrawng cun USA ah KJV an
nam ciamco ve. Himi KJV hi Benjamin Blayney ih remmi a si ding, tiah zumnak a
um. Kum 1850 hrawng ah American Bible Society in KJV cu USA ah rem hnu ah nam
ve dingih an tum tikah KJV pakhat le pakhat an bang-awk lonak a tamzet, an ti.
An bang-awk lonak khal an siar ve tikah
thawngkul hluanli (24,000)
a um, an ti. “Hiti’n
an dang-aw nain
kan zumnak thupommi ah a palhnak
a um lo” an ti. Kum 1860 ah American Bible Society in an rem; asinain an nam
suak lo, ziangahtile Bible Society a bawmtu mi hrekkhat pawl an lung a kim lo.
Asinain Kawmiti a thar in an tuah ih 1861 ah KJV cu American Bible Society in
an suah thei. Cumi cu 1962 ah an rem saal ih America ahcun tuihsun tiangih an
hmanmi KJV ah a cang. Cule tubaite, a netalam kan ti pei, an suahmi New King
James Version (NKJV) khal remmi a si ih 1975 ah an thok ih
1982 ah an
theh. (Himi ABS
ih suahmi a si lo.) Himi khal
ahhin Grik Baibal Textus Receptus
an thlun thotho.
Mirang Baibal, “A
hmaisabik ih lehmi KJV
(1611) kha caang
khat hman hrelh loin kan thlun” an ti. Hih New King James Version hnakih
neta sawn cu The NewCambridge Paragraph Bible (Cambridge 2005) – TNCPB – an ti
ih England ah David Norton in edit a tuahmi an suahmi a um hrih. Kum 1611 ih
suahmi KJV kha amah keel tein um saal seh, ti duhnak thawn a tuahmi a si. Hizat
an rem ih an nam ih siar ding a phunphun a um lai ah hin KJV a dikbik, an ti
tikah khuimi KJV bik so? ti thusuh ding a um. KJV a dikbik, ti tahrat ih
“Khuimi KJV?” ti an fianter lo asile an dinhmun a dik lo, anmah khal an
thinlung ah a fiang ve lo, tinak a si. KJV a tantu pawl kha an zummi le an
pommi a bang-aw ve lo, ti a langter. (If someone says King James Version isinfallible, which
King James Version
are we referring
to?) Netabik remmi NKJV,
asilole NTCPB hi teh a dik bik a titu kan um maw? A palh thei lo a titu
teh kan um maw? Hiti ih kan ti tikah KJV hi a palhnak a tampi sokhaw, kan ti
duhnak a si lo. A lettu pawl (a remtu pawl) hi hminthang zetzet an si. An
tongfang hmanmi le catlang nganmi (sentence construction) pawl hi a tha
ngaingai. Pathian ih hmanzetmi Baibal khal a si. Leilung tlunah an siarbikmi
Baibal pakhat a si. Tuihsan khalah KJV hi siar ding a si ko; asinain rinsan
tlakbik Baibal a si lo. Cule KJV ih a hmanmi Grik Baibal khal rinsan tlakbik a
si lo, Baibal leh tikih hman ding hrimhrim ahcun! Cuih tlunah KJV hi a tharte
in leh thluhmi a si lo; KJV an leh hlanah tampi leh ciami Baibal a um ih cumi
an rinsan, ti khal hi theih ah a tha. KJV (a bikin Thukam Thar) a mawi kan ti
asile a tambik cu William Tyndale hnenah lungawibik ding a si. Amah ih lehmi a
mawimi tampi (tam ngaingai)
an laak. Cutiin
a mawi kan
ti tikah palhnak
a um lo,
tinak a si
lo. A dangdang Baibal lehmi vek
thotho in KJV ah palhnak a um zia cu kan langter zo. Cuih tlunah an thlunmi Grik
Baibal hi ziang tlukin rinsan tlakbik a si lo, ti cu a thuai ah kan langter
ding.
B. Grik Baibal Textus
Receptus
A hmaisabik ah casiartu
ih theih ding le ruah dingah ka duhmi cu a thuai ih thu pali hi an si:
1. Khuahlanlai ih ca an
nganmi hi rei a daih lo. A siat cingcing; a siat theh hlanah an ngan saal cingcing
ve. A siat deuhmi cu an hlon cingcing. Cuti a siat cingcing cu an caku a
tawntai ruang khalah a si; a tambik cu papyrus (phaikung phunkhat) ih tuahmi a
si. Cuih tlunah Izipt, Palestine, le kiangkap ram pawl hi thaw a sazet ih
(humidity tla a tam ruangah) caku in reipi a daih lo. Cule tuihsan vekin
“air-condition” an nei fawn lo. A ngantu pawl hi scribes an ti hai; Judah
phungki le Khristian phungki ti ding tla an si. Anmah in an ngan saal cingcing,
tihi theih tha a si.
2. Cuti ih an nganmi cu
a siat thluh le a cemral thluh lonak dingah leilung sungah (bel sungah tivekin)
an phum theu. Cuih tlunah Rom acozah ih hremmi Khristian pawl in acozah in
meisa in urthluh hlah hngaiseh, tiah leilung sungih an Baibal cu an phum theu.
Leilung sung a si lo hman ah zo ih hmuh lonak ah an thup theu.
3. Baibal an nganmi hi
Grik tong lawnglawng in an ngan. Bawi Jesuh ih Thuthangtha khal Grik tongih
nganmi a si. Cabu dang khal Grik tong in an ngan tam. Matthai khal in
Thuthangtha a ngan tikah, Paul le Peter khal in Cakuat an ngan tikah Grik tong
lawnglawng in an ngan. Kan Thukam Thar a zatein Grik tong ih nganmi hlir an si.
AD 100 hlan ah (hrawngah) an ngan theh. Curuangah Jesuh thuhla a hmaisabik ih
ngannak ca cu Grik ca a si. Baibal – Thukam Thar – leh tik khalah a cang thei
tawkin Grik Baibal ca hi an hmang.4. Palinak hi a thupibik: An nganmi cabu pawl
hi a tuan deuh ih nganmi (Early manuscripts) pawl hi an tha deuh; palhnak a mal
deuh. Netalam ih nganmi (Late manuscripts) pawl cu palhnak a tam deuh; beetmi
an neih phahphah theu ruangah! Fianternak: Jesuh cu AD 30 hrawngah an that ih a
tho saal. A Thuthangtha cu an phuang ih an ngan. AD 100 sungah kan Thukam Thar
an ngan theh. AD
100 sungih Baibal
ngantu (Matthai, Paul,
Piter pawl) ih
nganmi (an kut ih
nganmi) Baibal hi a um nawn lo; um sehla a dikbik ding nain! Matthai, Marka,
Luka le Johan in an kut ih nganmi le Pual le Peter ih nganmi rori hi a um nawn
ta lo! Asinain a cemral hlanah midang in an ngan saal ih cumi “midang ih
nganmi” (copies of copies) pawl cu a um. Siatral tata loin a luatmi an um!
Curuangah AD 175-200 karlak ih nganmi le AD 200-300 karlak ih nganmi Grik
Baibal hi an beetmi a mal. An beetnak tete a um nain a mal a si. AD 300-400 kar
ih nganmi hi an beetmi a tam deuh. AD 400-500 karlak ih nganmi pawl hi beetmi
an tam deuh; cuih hnu ih nganmi
pawl cu beetmi
a tam deuhdeuh
ngaingai. Curuangah “Tuan
ih nganmi” (early manuscripts) hi a tha ih rintlak an
si; tlai ih nganmi cabu cu rintlak an si lo, kan tinak hi a si. (Himi hi
Leilung tlun ih
Baibal thiam, Baibal
thuhla zingzoitu pawl
zozo khal in
a dik an ti thluhmi thu
a si.) Early
manuscripts are better.
Late manuscripts are
corrupted. (Mirang in corrupt an ti tikah beetmi-hlonmi a um, ti
duhnak a si.) Textus Receptus timi
(King James Version
ih thlunmi) Grik
Baibal hi ziangtikah
an ngan?
Thulehnak: KJV ih
thlunmi Grik Baibal lakah AD 1000 hlan ih nganmi pakhat hman a um lo. Hrekkhat cu
1400-1500 karlak ih
nganmi a si. Curuangah
beetmi a tam
tinak a si.
Textus Receptus cu Europe ah Erasmus in Grik Baibal pawl a finkhawm ih a
nammi Grik Baibal a si. Hih Grik Baibal pawl hi a hnu ih nganmi (a tlai ih
nganmi = late manuscripts) pawl a finkhawm ih 1516 ah a nammi Grik Baibal a si.
Hmaisalam ih (Press thawn nammi) suakmi Grik Thukam Thar a si ruangah mi tampi
in a dikbik tiah an ruat. A si lo! Hi hnakih tuan ih nganmi Grik Baibal an um;
cumi cu an dik sawn. Asinain cupawl cu Erasmus in a nei lo; a hmu hrih lo. Cuih
thu cu a thuai ah kan ngan ding. Erasmus le Textus Receptus: Erasmus hi Europe
mi, Netherlands ram mi a si ih Rotherdam khua ah a um. Amah hi a pa an thei lo;
fasawn a si, tiin an ruat. Asinain ca a thiamzet ih Grik tla a thiam ngaingai.
England tla ah ca a zir ih Saya khal a tuan. Roman Catholic priest (phungki) a
si ih Europe (Germany) ah Martin Luther in 1517 ah Kawhhran Remsaalnak
(Reformation) a tuah (a thok) tikah Martin Luther a el rerotu a si. Cutluk in
Roman Catholic lam ah a tang! Asinain a netlam ahcun RC Kawhhran in an hnong ih
a canganmi tla, a thih hnu khalah, “Siar lo ding” timi cazin ah
an ret. Grik
Baibal lam ah
duhnak a nei
ih 1516 ah
hmaisabik Grik Thukham
Thar Textus Receptus (TR) cu a suah. Erasmus in ziang Grik Baibal so a
hman ih TR cu a suah? Kan sim zo vekin a hmanmi Grik Baibal hi AD 1000 hlan ih
nganmi pakhat hman a tel lo. A hnu ih nganmi (a tlaimi) Grik Baibal an um ih a
zate in cazual 25 hnak tam a nei lo. Ziangah tuan ih nganmi Grik Baibal a neih
lo? Tile culai ah Grik Baibal a thabik pawl (rinsan tlakbik pawl) a suak hrih
lo; an hmu suak hrih lo.
A thabik le a tuanbik
le rinsantlakbik Grik Baibal, netalam ih an hmuhsuakmi pawl cu:
Codex:
(1). Pakhatnak ah Codex Sinaiticus an ti.
Hebru cafang hmin an pek ih aleph ti’n an ko theu. Baibal zate
(Thukam Hlun le
Thukam Thar) Grik
ih nganmi a si. German Baibal
thiam Constantine von Tischendorf in 1844-59 hrawngah Sinai Tlang ih um St.
Catherine timi phungki pawl umnak inn (monastery) ah a hmuhmi a si. A lei ih
Russian Orthodox Kawhhran lubik CzarAlexander II hnenah a pek. AD 300-400
karlak ih nganmi a si. Cumi cu Mirang ram ih British Museum in 1933 ah an lei
(Mirang tangka in $100,000 an pek) ih atu ah British Museum ah a um. A thabik
le a tuanbik ih nganmi Codex (saphaw in cabu) ih tuahmi a si. (A tuan le tuan
lo ti ziangti’n an thei thei? ti thusuhnak cu hmun dangah kan ngan leh ding.)
(2). Pahnihnak
cu Codex Alexandrinus
a si ih
AD 450 hrawngih
nganmi a si.
Izipt ram ih Alexandria
khua ihsin laakmi
a si ih
Constantinople khua ah an
fehpi. Cutawk ihsin England British Museum
ah 1627 ah
a thleng. Codex
Sinaiticus kiangte ah
an ret. Thukam
Hlun le Thukam Thar kimte in Grik
ih nganmi a si nain Matthai cabu taa tawkfang a hlo. Ziangti’n a hlo ti an thei
lo. Hih Grik Baibal hi a hmin ah “A” an ti theu; Alexandria ihsin a rat
ruangah.
(3). Pathumnak cu Codex
Vaticanus an timi a si. AD 350-400 kar ih nganmi a si. Baibal zatekim Grik ih
nganmi a si nain tawkfang a hlo lala. Ziangtikah a hlo ti an thei thei lo.
Thukam Thar Hebru 9:14 ihsin a cem tiang a hlo. Kum 1481 hrawng ihsin Rom khua
Vatican Library ah a um zo, ti’n an zum. Asinain zohman in an thei lo. Roman
Catholic Kawhhran in zohman an sim lo. Alexandria khua ih nganmi a si hmang an
ti. Thukam Thar cabu hrang ahcun, Codex pawl lakah, himi Vaticanus le
Sinaiticus hi a thupibik ih ruahmi an si. Neutral Text timi lakah a telmi an
si. Thukam Hlun, Thukam Thar le Apocypha a tel; (Apocypha sungah Maccabees a
tel lo.)
(4). Palinak cu Codex
Ephraemi an timi a si ih AD 400-450 hrawngih nganmi a si. Himi hi a hmaisa ih
nganmi kha an phiat ih a neta ah thu dangdang (sermon tivek) an nganmi a si.
Mirang in palimpsest an ti. A tlun ih ngancihmi tinak a si. Asinain Thukam Thar
an ngan hmaisami kha lang dingin, siar thei dingin, an tuah thei saal; an
langter thei saal. Cuti ih an langtermi cu 1845 ah an nam thei. France ram,
Paris khua National Library ah a um. A kim lo; Thukam Thar cabu ah cahmai 145
lawng a um.
(5). Panganak
cu Codex Bezae
timi a si.
Tong phun hnih – Grik
tong kehlam ah,
Latin tong vorhlam ah – an
nganmi a si.
AD 400-500 karlak ih
nganmi a si,
ti’n an zum.
AD 550 hrawng khal a si thei.
Thuthangtha pali le Tirhthlah cabu lawng a um. (Asinain Matthai, Johan, Luka,
Marka, tiin a um.) Thukam Thar hmaisabik tlang thum cu cati sen in an ngan.
Geneva ih Kawhhran hotu Theodore
Beza in Cambridge
University hnenah 1581
ah a pekmi
a si. Curuangah Codex Bezae tiih
an kawhnak a si. Western Text timi lakih an rinsanmi pakhat a si. Himi Codex
cabu phun nga (saphaw thawn cabu ih tuahmi), AD 500 hlan ih nganmi, lak ihsin cabu
pakhatte hman Erasmus in a hmang lo. A theih lo ruangah a si lo. A neih lo
ruangah a si sawn. An hmu hrih lo. A hmanmi Grik cabu cu AD 1000-1500 karlak ih
nganmi Grik Baibal – a tlaimi hlir a hmang. Curuangah Erasmus ih suahmi Grik
Baibal Textus Receptus an run ti lehmi hi
rinsan tlakbik a
si lo, kan
tinak hi a
si. Ziangahtile a
tlai deuhdeuh tikah
beetmi a tam deuhdeuh.
Erasmus hmanmi hi
cupawl cu an
si. Cumi cu
KJV in a
hman tikah KJV
sungah beetmi a tam ve tinak a si. Cumi cu Dr. Sui Lian Mang ih a leh ve
tikah beetmi a tam ve ruangah, anih cun “a kim” tiih a ruahmi a si; midang ih
lehmi Baibal pawl cu “Um Lo” timi 300 hrawng a um ih amah ih lehmi cu “A Um” a
kim thluh, tiih a langnak hi a si. Mangbang ding a si lo. Cutiin “A um” tiih
lang ding hrimhrim a si. “A um” timi pawl hi a tam sawn cu beetmi an si ruangah
a si. A thlunmi hih KJV a si; a thlunmi a dang! Midang cun KJV cu kan thlun lo.
Kan thlun lo kan tikah kanmah (Falam,
Hakha, Tiddim, Mizo)
lawng kan si
lo; Leilung tlun
United Bible Societies sungih um
Bible Societies hmuahhmuah le Bible Translation Consultants hmuahhmuahih thlun
lomi a si. Cule NIV Baibal an leh tik khalah KJV cu an thlun cuang lo. A thabik
le a tuanbik ih nganmi Grik Baibal an thlun sawn. Baibal lehnak hnatuan ah KJV
a thluntu hi an tam lo. Mi mal an si. Minuscules: (Mi-nu-scules tin siar ding)
Himi pawl hi cafang a peh teih, kut ih nganmi an si. (Mirang tong
cun cursive script
an ti.) Grik
tong thotho ih nganmi an si.
Baibal a kim tein a ummi le hrekkhat (tlap khathnih) lawng a taangmi tiin an
um. A zate cun cazual (manuscripts copies) cu thawng thum zikte an um. A hrek
cu a tlaimi an si. Asinain tuan ih nganmi khal an um. Rintlak
timi pawl hi
AD 300-400 kar
ih nganmi an
si. (Himi sungah
a tam sawn
cu Byzantine Text timi
an si nain
Western Text tile
Alexandrian Text timi
phun khal a
um ve thotho.) Tuan ih nganmi
pawl hi Erasmus kut ah a thleng lo. Curuangah a hmang thei lo. Papyri: Papyri
ti tikah Papyrus tampi tinak a si. Papyrus catlap ah Baibal an ngan ih kum
reipi a daih lo khal le saphaw (savun) hnakin tam deuh cabu ngannak ah an rak
hmang. Saphaw hnak cun a man a ol deuh. Grik Baibal hi, Baibal zate a kim na, kim
na lo, cahmai pakhat hnih tivek tla in a taangsun, leilung sung ihsin
laihsuahmi le a himnak hmun ih thuhmi pawl, a zate khawm tikah cazual/cabu
(manuscripts) pali nga lawng a si lo; 5200 hnak in a tam sawn an um. Cutluk in Baibal
manuscripts tam a um – tuan ih nganmi tamzet kan nei, tinak a si. Papyri –
Baibal papyrus parih nganmi – Baibal hi an zate cu a si lo nain a tam nawn cu
Codex (saphaw thawn tuahmi cabu) hnakin a tam sawn. A tam sawn lawng a si lo;
tuan sawn ih nganmi an um. (The earliest manuscripts of the Bible we have are
the papyri.) A hrek cu AD 200-250 karih nganmi tla an um. Thukam Thar a kim
thluh lo nain a umsun cu an sunglawi ngaingai; ziangahtile Matthai, Marka,
Luke, Johan, Paul le Piter ih nganmi a naihbik cazual an si! Cuih Papyri pawl a
hmu hmasabiktu cu Amerika mi, Ireland ram Dublin khua ih um Chester Beatty a si
ih 1931 kum ah Izipt ram leilung sung – thlanmual sung ihsin an suahmi – casual
hleihnih (12 copies) kha a lei ngah. Hipawl hi an zohhliah tikah AD 200-250 kar
ih nganmi a si ti’n an fiang. Cupawl cu Chester Beatty Papyri an tiih Dublin
khuapi ah an ret. Cuih Papyri lakah a tuanbik pawl malte kan sim ding. A zate
cun kan sim cawk lo ding.
(a) Papyri 45 (= p45):
Himi hi Thukam Thar a kim lo; catlap 220 hrawng a um hmang nain atu ahcun catlap
30 lawng a
um. Thuthangtha pali
le Tirhthlah cabu
an tel.
(b) Papyri 46 (= p46):
Himi hi Thukam Thar a kim lo; catlap 86 a tel ih a zate in Paul cakuat lawnglawng
an si. Cumi sungah Timote le Titas (Pastoral Letters) a tel lo. (Tubaite ih in
simmi cu, p46 hi Ann Arbor (USA) khua ih um University of Michigan ah a um ih,
hnah 60 (60 pages) a um, an
ti.)
(c) Papyri 47 (= p47):
Himi sungah Thuphuan cazual sung ihsin catlap pahra lawng a tel. Chester Beatty
papyri an hmuh hnu ah a thupizetmi papyri an hmuhmi cu Geneva khua ih um M. Martin
Bodmer papyri a si. Martin Bodmer hin Chester Beatty bangin 1959 ah a lei ve ih
a hmin ah Bodmer II
an ti. AD
200 hrawngih nganmi
an si. Cumi
sungah thupi pawl
cu:
(a) Papyri 66 (= p66):
Hih papyrus cazual hi Johan Thuthangtha a zate zikzik in a um. A tuanzet ih nganmi
(AD 200 hrawngih
ngan) a si.
(b) Papyri 72
(= p72): Judas
Cakuat le Paul
Cakuat pahnih a
tel. Tuan ih
nganmi an si
ve.(c) Papyri 75 (= p75): Himi hi AD 175 le 225 karlak ih nganmi a si ih
Baibal cazual hmaisa biklam ih nganmi an si. Luka le Johan Thuthangtha an tel.
Khristian Baibal Ca hi
tuan zetzet ih rak nganmi Grik tong in a ummi (Baibal kan neih) ruangah lungawizazet
a si. Papyri cazual (papyri manuscripts) pawl hi pakhat hnih si loin zahnih
hrawng kan neih ruangah – a hrek cu tuanzet ih nganmi an si ih rintlakzet an
si. Hi bangtuk tuan zetzet ih nganmi Papyri hi Erasmas in a hmu ngah ve loih
Textus Receptus sung khalah a telh thei ve lo; King James Version sung khalih a
tel thei ve lo tikah a kim lo, a tlaksamnak cu a si. Erasmus in Ziangti’n Edit
a tuah? A tlunah kan sim zo: Erasmus in Grik Thukham Thar Textus Receptus hi
kum 1516 ah a suah kan ti zo. Amah hin Grik Baibal a neihmi pawl cu edit a
tuah. Midang in Grik Thukam Thar an suah hmaisa pang ding ti a ruah ruangah
edit a tuah daan hi duhngetzet in si
loin a nawt
ciamco; ziangahtile Basle
khua ih um
cabu suahtu (publisher) Froben in Grik Baibal –
Complutensian Polyglot timi midang ih an suahhlan ah suah thei dingah Erasmus
cu a fial. Curuangah Erasmus cun a hmuhmi le a neihmi pohpoh a khawm ih, a
khawmtheimi cu cazual tawntai deuh (poor quality manuscripts) le a hnu ih
nganmi (late manuscript) –AD 1000 hnakih tuan pakhat hman a nei lomi – cupawl
finkhawm in Grik Thukam Thar (Textus Receptus) hmasabik cu a suah.
A tuan ih nganmi Grik
Baibal si loin a hnu ih (tlai ih) an nganmi Grik Baibal kha Erasmus ih a hman ruangah
a hleifuan tam
nawn a tel.
Cupawl lakah panga
ruk lawng kan
sim ding:
(1) Matt 6:9-13, Bawipa
thlacam: Jesuh in Bawipa thlacam in zirhmi sungih a ummi hi Khristian kan si
vete in kan saal theumi a si. Cuti kan saal tikah caang 13 nak peh ah, “Uknak
le huham le sunlawinak cu kumkhua in nangmai’ taa a si, Amen” kan ti theumi hi
hmaisabik lam le a thabik timi Grik Baibal pawl ah a um lo. Curuangah kan lehmi
Baibal ah kan telh lo. Ziangahtile hih cacaang hi a tlailam ih nganmi Grik
Baibal sung lawngah a tel; a tuanbik Baibal sungah a tel lo. Asinain Erasmus
cun Textus Receptus
sungah a telh.
KJV sungah a
tel ve. Hmaisabik
Grik Balbal ah a tel lo nain kan duhzetmi cacaang a si ruangah kan
Baibal a thuaibik ah (footnote ah) kan telh cih. (Main text ah kan telh lo.)
(2) Tirh 9:6, ah, “cule
khur phah le mangbang in Paul cun, ‘Bawipa, ziangso tuahter i duh?’ tiah a sut”
timi hi Erasmus in Textus Receptus sungah a telh ih KJV sung khalah a tel ve.
Himi hi kan theihmi Grik Baibal khuitawk sung hmanah a tel lo. Jerome in AD 420
hrawng ih Baibal a lehmi Vulgate (RC Baibal) sung ihsin Erasmus in a laak ih
Grik ih a leh copmi a si; Grik Baibal sungih um
lomi a si!
Curuangah kan Baibal
sungah kan telh
lo.
(3) I Johan 5:7,
“Vancung ah Pa, Thu le Thlarau Thianghlim an um; hi pathum hi pakhat an si,” timi
hi Erasmus in Textus Receptus ah a telh ih KJV khal in a telh. Asinain Grik
Baibal khui hmanah a um lo. Erasmus ih beetmi a bang. Hmasabik lam ih nganmi
Grik Baibal ih a um lo ruangah kan Baibal Thianghlim ah
kan telh lo.
(4) Thuphuan: Erasmus
ih hmanmi Grik Baibal Thuphuan cabu cu 1100-1200 AD ih nganmi a si ih cumi cabu
pakhat te (only one manuscript) lawng a nei. Cuih cabu sungah Thuphuan Cabu ih netabik
caang ruk a um lo. (Thup 22:15 tiang lawng a um.) Curuangah amah Erasmus in
Latin Baibal Vulgate sung
taa kha Grik
ah a let
ih cumi cu
Textus Receptus sungah
a telh.
(5) Thuphuan 5:14, ah,
“Amah cu kumkhua in kumkhua tiang a nung” timi Erasmus in Textus Receptus
sungah a telh. Himi hi khuitawk Grik Baibal sung hman ah a um lo. Curuangah kan
Baibal ah kan
telh lo.(6) Efesa 3:14, ah, “Kan
Bawipa Jesuh Khrih” timi hi an beet. Hmaisabik nganmi Grik Baibal le khuitawk Grik
Baibal sung khal
ih a um
lo ruangah kan
Baibal ah kan
telh lo.
(7) Rom 8:1, ah, “Tisa
duhnak thawn a feh lotu, asinain thlarau duhnak thawn a fehtu” ti hi an telh. Hmaisabik
Grik Baibal ah a um
lo; curuangah kan
Baibal ah kan
telh lo. Himi pawl hi Grik Baibal
ah a um lo nain Erasmus ih telhmi hrekkhat pawl an si.
(8) An telh lomi: KJV
lettu pawl (remtu pawl) in an hmanmi Grik
Baibal sungah a tlasammi tawkfang
a um. Cumi
cu a tlaksam
vekin an hmang;
A thuailam ah
malte kan langter
ding; hmaisabik Grik Baibal
ah telh an
si nain KJV
Grik Baibal sungih
an telh lomi
pawl:
(a) Matt 24:36, ah,
“Fapa in siseh (a thei lo)” timi hi an taanta, an telh lo. Hmaisa bik ih nganmi
Grik Baibal sungih
a um ruangah
kan Baibal sungah
kan telh.
(b) Tirh
4:25, ah, “Thlarau
Thianghlim hmang in”
timi an telh
lo. Grik Baibal
a tuanbik ih nganmi
sungih a tel
ruangah kan Baibal
ah kan telh.
(c) Tirh 16:7, ah,
“Jesuh ih Thlarau in a on lo” timi ahhin, “Jesuh” a tel lo; “Thlarau” lawng an telh. A
tuanlambik ih nganmi
Grik Baibal in
a telh ruangah
kan Baibal ah
kan telh.
(d) Rom 8:28, ah,
“Ziangtinkim ahhin Pathian cun amah a duhdawtu le…” timi sungah, “Pathian cun” timi
hi a tel lo. An Grik Baibal ah a tel lo. Asinain hmaisabik lam ih nganmi Grik
Baibal ih a um ruangah
kan Baibal ah
kan telh.
(e) 1
Piter 2:2, “thlarau
hnawiti duh uhla
cuih hnawiti nan
innak thawngin nan
thang dingih rundammi nan si
ding” timi sungah “rundam mi nan si ding” ti hi Erasmus in a telh lo. KJV khal in
a telh ve lo. Asinain hmaisabik le a thabik timi Grik Baibal sungih a um
ruangah kan Baibal ah kan telh. Erasmus ih a beetmi siseh, a telh lomi siseh, a
zate in sim le rel a tul lo tiah kan ruat. Kan rel khalle a thathnemnak a um
lo. Tawkfang kan sim cun kan sim duhmi a fiang paam tiah kan ruat. A tlun ah
Erasmus le a edit mi Textus Receptus thuhla a tawizawng in ka ngan.
Ziangruangah Erasmus in Grik Baibal
hi a hnu (a tlai)
ih nganmi le
a tawntaimi (a
kim lomi le
beetmi) a finkhawm ih Textus
Receptus Grik Baibal cu a suah, ti kan fianter zo. Ziangbangtuk in a beet ih ziangbangtuk
in a kim lomi a finkhawm, ti tla kan hmu zo. Casiartu hin nan siar hnu ah rinsan
tlak a
si ngaingai maw?
ti cu nanmah
ciar ih relcat
ding a si.
King James Version
le Textus Receptus hi rintlak an
si ko, tiih nan ruatcat a si ahcun nanmah thu a si. Zohman in cuti’n khati’n relcat
uh ti theinak kan nei lo. Asinain
pakhat kan fianter
duhmi cu: Leilung
tlun ih Baibal
lehnak (Translation) le
Baibal namnak
(Publication/printing)
hnatuantu, ram 120
lenglo le office
200 lenglo ah
hnatuantu, United Bible Societies
le ramtin National
Baibal Societies (Kawlram
ah “Myanmar Bible Society” kan nei ih USA khalah
“American Bible Society” kan nei), hih Bible Societies pawl hin Baibal hi tong
phunkim ih an leh tum tikah (atu ahcun Leilung tlun ih tong 2400 lenglo in
Baibal an let zo ih) Textus Receptus le King James Version hi nan hmang ding,
tiah Baibal lettu an ti dah lo. (NIV an leh tik khalah KJV an thlun lo.) Cuhnak
ih tha deuh le tuan deuh ih nganmi Grik Baibal (a tlun in kan langtermi pawl)
hi an duhsakmi le sirhsanmi si dingah Baibal lettu pawl an zirh hai ih an sawm
hai a si. TEV khal cubangtuk rinsantlak Grik Baibal ih lehmi a si. Codex le Papyri
timi sungih Grik Baibal pawl hi a dik deuh tiah an ruat. A hnu ih nganmi Grik
Baibal hnak cun tuan
ih nganmi Grik
Baibal cu rinsan
a tlak deuh,
ti’n an ruat
ciar. Kan Baibal Thianghlim hi a tuanbiklam ih nganmi
Grik Baibal thlun ih lehmi a si. Rintlak a si.Falam tong
in kan ngan
reromi Baibal Simfiangnak
(Hre Kio Commentary
series) khal hi rinsantlak
kan timi Pastor
pasarih in kan
ngan ih atu
ih rinsantlak a si, kan
timi kan Baibal Thianghlim thlun in kan nganmi a si.
(Pastor pakua kan si nain Rev. Edward Hlawn Piang le Rev. Dr. Hrang Cung Nung
in tuih kum ah in thihsan ih kan riah a sia. Asinain an hnatuanmi cu a hmun
ringring ding.)
C. Ziangtinso Textus
Receptus timi hmin a rat? Zo in so a pek?
Zohman in hmin an sak
lo; zohman in an pek lo. Cabu “kyaw-ngia” (commercial tuah) nak ihsin a rami
a si. A
tawizawng in sim
sehla: Erasmas in Grik Baibal
1516 ih a
suah tikah Textus Receptus tiah hmin a pek lo; cuih cabu
cu hmin a nei hrih lo; Pakhatnak Grik Thukam Thar (First New Testament Grik
Text) ti a si. Cuih hnu ah malte an rem ih cuih Grik cabu cu an suah saal: Kum
1519, 1522, 1527, le 1535 ah an suah saal. Erasmus ih tuahmi Grik Thukam Thar
cabu cu Paris khua ih cabu suahtu Robert Estiene (Latin ih ngan tikah a hmin cu
Stephanus a si) le a fapa Henri in 1546 ah an suah ih mal tete rem in 1549, 1550
le 1551 ah an suah. Eistienne cun a suahmi Grik Thukam Thar cabu cu caang khat,
caang hnih, tiah Baibal caang (Bible verses) a pek ih tuihsun tiangin kan hmang
tami hi a si. Geneva khua ih a
ummi Theodore Beza
in Stephanus ih
a voilinak ih
a suahmi Grik
Thukam Thar (Erasmus ih suahmi le
malte remmi) cu a suah ve: Kum 1565 le 1611 ah voihnih a suah. Cule Netherlands
ram, Leyden khua ah Elzevir unau pahnih –Bonaventure le Abraham – in Theodore Beza
ih suahmi Grik Thukam Thar cu kum 1624 ah an suah ve. Cule hi unau pahnih
(Bonaventure le Abraham) cu “kyaw-ngia” lam ah an fim, an ti thei zet. Mi hnenih
Thutheihter (commercial tuah) an thiam. Netherlands cu ram fate a si ih mi
tampi in siar hai seh ti duhnak thawn 1633 ih an Grik Thukam Thar an nam
zawngah an “kyaw-ngia” cu hiti’n an
ngan: Latin tong
in an ngan
ih Mirang tong
cun, “The text,
therefore, you now
have is accepted by all, in which
we give nothing changed or corrupt” an ti. Lai tong cun: “Curuangah atu ih nan
neihmi cabu hi mi hmuahhmuah pommi a si, zianghman thlengmi le beetmi-hlonmi kan
nei lo” an ti. Cuti ih Mi hmuahhmuah pommi timi cu Latin tong cun Textus
Receptus ti a si. Cumi cu tuihsun tiangin a taangta. A ngaingai ti ahcun beetmi
le hlonmi a tamzetmi cabu a si. An beet an hlonmi thu hnakin, an “kyaw-ngia” mi
kha mi in an sim an rel tam sawn. Cuih “kyaw- ngia” cu Fundamentalist pawl cun
Grik Baibal dang hnakin Textus Receptus hi an rel tam sawn a si. Cule ruah
tlakzet pakhat cu: Erasmus in 1516 ih a suahmi Grik Thukam Thar le Bonaventure
le Abraham in 1633 ih an suahmi Textus Receptus timi hi an bang-aw lo. A malbik
ah hmun 287 ah an dang-aw, an ti. Cumi hman ah beetmi-hlonmi a um zo, tinak a
si. Hitin Textus Receptus tiih kawh hi
Khristian tampi cun
tuihsun tiangin “Mi hmuahhmiuah ih pommi” a si ngaingai tiah Textus
Receptus cu an ruat. An theih lo ruangah a si, ti ding a si. Hiti in Textus
Receptus ti ih hminpekmi le kawhmi hi Kawhhran ih pekmi a si lo; Kawhhran hotu
pawl ih relcatmi khal a si lo. Cule Church Council ih relcatmi khal a si lo.
Cabu zuar duh ah “kyaw-ngia” tuahnak ihsin a ra suakmi a si. Tuih san ahcun
Baibal lam thungaithlak ih a zingzoi ngaingaitu lakah hih Textus Receptus a
pomtu cu mi malte deuh ngaingai an si. Asinain a au-thei zettu an si theu.Hih ka
nganmi cahram hi
Falam Baibal a
hmangtu hrang lawngah
a si lo;
Hakha Baibal a hmangtu siseh, Saya Thang Hup ih lehmi
Baibal a hmangtu, Saya Sui Lian Mang ih lehmi Baibal siartu le Mizo Baibal a
hmangtu pawl khal siseh, an siar ciar ve dingah ka duhnak a si. Cule Kawl tong
in Baibal lehmi – Judson Version
siartu khal in
an siar dingah
ka duhsakzet. Ziangahtile Kawl
tong ih Judson Version hi (Thukam Thar tla cu) King James Version le Textus Receptus
ihsin lehmi a si ve. Thudik le thu-um daan ngaingai kan theih ciar hi a thupi
tiah ka ruat. Thudik kan theih lawngah kan Kawhhran dinhmun hi a hnget ding.A
siartu hmuahhmuah hnenah Pathian ih thluasuah hnangamnak um hram seh!
December 12,
2011, Monday
Atlanta,
GA, USA
Lai ca siartu hmuahhmuah hnenah kum thar cibai! Pathian zangfahnak ruangah kan hruaitupawl in Bible version a phunphun kan lai ttawng rori ih in lehsak thei rero mipawl le fakselawknak kan tuahsakawk ttheu mipawl hi mifimpawl le miphun picangpawl cun ‘tthansonak bik a si’ an ti vekin, tui ttum khalah Dr. Sui Lian Mang ih cabu Dr. Hre Kio ih review a tuahsak mi hi ngunngaih zetih zohsak vesal dingah ka lo sawm hai. Kan unau Mizoram khalah Dictionary ngantu mithiam J.F Laldailova khan King James Bible sirhsan in ‘Mizo Bible Thlirna’ cahnah 318 sah a ngan mi khal tlawnginn tampi ah cun critical a phunphun zirnak ah an hmang hai ih, kawhhranpawl le Bible lettupawl khalin kan tthansohpi nasa an ti a si. Tubai khalah Hmar Bible lettu L. Keivom le Zolife Editor in J.F ngan mi sirhsan in in zirhsal ih kan hlawktlang zet hngin. Kan Lairam kawhhranpawl hin ziangtin ruat ve pei maw? Pathian tthatnak in kan Laimi Bible Doctor kan neih mipawl hi kan hero si dingih kan tuahawcawp mi an si riai lo. Tulai T.V talk show ih hminthang Mr. Suhel Seth ih ttawng, ‘Poor is a nation that does not have a hero; poorer still is a nation that requires a hero,’(hero nei lo miphun cu an farah; hero a ttul mi miphun cu an farah sinsin) a ti vekin Dr. Sui Lian Mang le Dr. Hre Kio khal hi Pathian ih in pek mi kan hero an si. Phuahcawp (Lan-be) Ph.D an si lo. Tui ttumah kei khalin Dr. Hre Kio ih critical analysis (ka cahram) a ti mi hi, Bible scholar-pawl le Dr.Waite Ph.D;Th.D mitkharh hmangin mallai cuansak ve ka duh ih, Romantics criticism lam hawi thei ding hi ka lungthlitumbik a si. Amahlawngte ziangvek thuanthu khal hi a ngantui hmuhdan vek si loin a danglam thei ti a si ih, Russia, German, France…tvkp hi dik lo deuh ih thuanthu ngan an hmang ttheu ruangah miphun tumpi pi an si ko nan leitlunpi hin an ngaisang hai lo. England hi thuanthu a sinak vek cekci ih ngantu an si ruangah leitlunpi ih upat le ttihzah an si ti hi history ah kan hmu thei. A tlunih kan rel mi Dr. Waite khi classical Greek, Latin le Literature si seh B.A.,M.A., M.Th.,Th.D.,Ph.D., tipawl hi Southern Methodist University, Dallas Theological Seminary, Purdue University pawl ihsin zirsuak a si ih, Bible tlawng 9 laiah Hebrew le Greek kum 35 sung a zirh zo. Baptist kawhhran ah pastor khal a si fawn.
Kan Thupi Sungah Lut Sehla: Dr. Hre Kio ih cangan mi hi hnah 10 ah kan hersuak ih, hnah ziangzatnak tiin kan rel mai ding.
Panganak: Dr. Hre Kio VS Moral Reform &Moral Ethics
King James Version namthlak tum tuk ruangah Erasmas hi ‘lakfa’(fasawn)tivek hi leitlun dan ih Journalist Ethics hmanah an duh lo lawlaw mi ttawngkam a si. Nunau kaihhrem(rape) vansiat a tawng mi hman khi an hmin nan ngan lo pei ti a si. An hmailam hrangah a ttha lo thei ti a si. Politics diktak khalah bulpak siatnak ngan/rel hi an duh lo lawlaw. Leitlun hruaitupawl, hlaphuahthiam, canganthiampawl le mifim hminthang tampi pawl hi an bulpak thuanthu ah cun Erasmas vekih zangfakza tampi an um ve ko. Erasmas hi lakfa/fasawn cu a si ko nan a cawmtu puithiam nupa hin an san laiih zirnak tlawng ttha bikah an kaiter ih, Zurop ram hmuahhmuah ih Greek thiambik a si. Amai pronounciation tuah mi hi tui ni tiang zokhal ih zir mi ah a cang lanta a si hi.
Paruknak: King James Version hi Bible siava (wicked Bible) an ti. Dr. Hre P.4. Rel tam ttul loin Dr. Hre ih sawiselnak P.3&4 thupawl hi cu, research tuahtupawl in hivek hi cu an rak hminsin depdep ttheh zo ih, KJV Bible namtu/suttupawlih an rak sut/rial pang mipawl an si ti hi zokhalih theihfiang ttheh zo mi asinan; ziangahlehlam Dr. Hre hin hivek thu tenau tuktukpawl hi a run phawrhsal paih rero si pei? Hivek kan rel paih a si ah cun rel cawk khal a si lo. Geneva Bible(1560) khalin Gen.3: 7 thu hi ‘theipi hnah cu bawngbi ah an tthitaw’ tiih an rak leh ruangah bawngbi Bible (breeches Bible) an rak ti ve nasa. Mizo Bible leh hmaisat mi khalin Lk. 2:21-25 thu hi, ‘Tin, ni riat a tlin’in a ZANG TAN a hun a, a hminga Jishua an sa…tirko-vin a shak tawh kha,’ ti vekih an rak leh ruangah ZANG TAN Bible tiin hnihsuahsainak ah an rak hmang nasa dah. Dr. Van Bik khalin holh theih lo a rak huat deuh ruangah, ‘thli lakih vawih thawh’ tiih a rak leh hmaisa ah khan ‘VAWIH Bible’ ti ta roriin an rak au nasa a si kha ! Atu cu a thlengaw zo. Dr. Hre Kio ih Bible hmaisa lam khalah ‘hai’ ti a rak tam deuh a si hmang, ‘HAI’ Bible an rak ti ciamco laiah Dr. Sui Lian Mang cun Dr. Hre Kio lehdan hi a dik a si tiah a rak ttan ringring kha ka cing eueu lai ko. Dr. Hre Kio khalin Dr. Sui Lian Mang hi kan khua (Zo khua a theng thei pang a si ah cun Sia rori thah nan zuam pei ) a ti tiah Bible tlawngtapawlin in sim. Sia hi Lai dan ah cun sunlawihawknak sangbik a si.
Pasarihnak:Dr. Sui Lian Mang hin, Fundamentalist lungput in KJV hi rinumbik a ti a si…(Dr. Hre ih cahmai-2-nak) Dr. Hre kio in Fundamentalist tizawngih Dr. Sui a puh mai hi cu tulai mino ttawngkam cun a tthing (old model) tuk deuh a si. Ziangahtile King James Bible rinumbik titu hmuahhmuah hi international huapih kan zoh asile, kawhhran tinkim, mithiam(schoolars) tinkim, Pathian mipawl siarcawklo sung ihsin an si hai ih rel tam a ttul lo ding. Amahlawngte, laimi hruaitu hrekkhatpawlih Fundamental an hrilhfiahdan le an hmuhdan (concept) hi cu tui san fimthiamnak a tthangso tuk mi ah hi cun an ralrin zet a ttul thlang ding. 2000 kum hlanah kha cun kum 4 danah milai hi theihnak lamah kan rak danglam ttheu ti a rak sinan, 2000 kum ihsi cun kum 2 danah kan danglam nasa tuk thlang ti a si thlang ruangah, midang kan hmuhdan parih kan ttawngkam hman mi tetepawl hi ralrin a ttul zet thlang a si. Tulai virtual world ah cun sizung Doctor khalin cathiam lem lo mi hnen khalah computer an zirsawn riangri a si hi! Midang thiamnak niamdeuh vekih hmuhsakawk a ngah nawn ta lo e. Curuangah kan laimi hruaitu hrekkhatpawl hin Evangelical, Fundamental, Conservative…tvk umtuziapawl hi theihngah deuh kan ttul. Mizoram hruaitu tamsawn khalin Liberal, Charismatic, Penticostal, Evangelical…tvk tipawl an theithiam lo ruangah ziangtinkim an rawi thluh thlang ih atu ah tla cun, ziangtinkim hi ‘A ttha a sia thleidang nawn loin kan pawm thluh lawlaw mai pei uh, cule ziangkim hi ei ttheh kan tum lawlaw ding ih kan ril le pumpi ih a ngaih lo asile kan luaksal men pei cu; a luak thei lo poh sungdawkah tiin AR khawthim fehin kan fehthlang,’ tiah an/kan mithiampawl cu an ttap rero a si. Politics khalah AR khawthim feh thotho kan si hrih lai an ti a si.
Pariatnak:Dr. Hre kio in a ca hmai 2-nakah, ‘Dr. Sui Lian Mang hi Bible thuhla tawkfang a zingzoi (leh-la) ve ruangah....’ Dr. Hre Kio hin hivek ttawng irhsit(irony) hi zirnak bangaw ciocio parah cun hmang lo sehla a duhum zet nan, ziangahtile, Dr. Hre le Dr. Sui hi America ih Ph.D degree ngah veve an si. Pathian thawngin tawkfang zir le lehla menmen an si lo. Dr. Hre Kio ih ttawng irhsit(irony)khi ziang a bang ti le, mai zirnak lawng sangdeuhih retaw in, midang zirnak hmuah ‘tawkfang(leh-la)’ vek fangin midang cu a hmuniam ti pangnak a si. Dr. Hre hi mi zawmtaih a hmang ka tinak si loin, a ttawngfang hman mi hi mei a nei deuh ka tinak sawn a si. India misuanvawr P.M Dr. Manmohan Singh leilung tlun hruaitu tthabikih an hrilnak san cu: ‘A ttawngkam hmandan a ralring ih, mi zokhal a hmuniam dah lo,’ ti hi a si. Ziangkhalle, Dr.Hre Kio hi cu kan theih cio mi a si pam, Dr. Sui hi kum 50 hman a kim deuh hrih lo nan Pathian zarah kan suanvawr pakhat a si ve bangtukin a zirnak thuhla, a ttha lam hlur a sip am, thei duh kan um pangah malten tarlang sehla: Dr. Sui hi a pa U Thla Mang cu Acozah(palik) hna ttuanin Khaikam ih an um laiah a suak ih, Falam khua
Canmary tlawngah phun hra awng felfelin, India rampi ih Evangelical Bible Tlawng ttha pahnih ah B.Th., B.D., M.B.S tipawl hi a hmun rori ah a zir. M.R.E khal Grand Rapids Baptist Seminary Asia program ah a kai rori ih kai in a zir ttheh. Cuisin Rangoon in Doctor of Biblical Studies (DBS) khal Gulf Coast Baptist Seminary, USA ah hlaral zirnak in Dissertation khal ngan in a ttheh ih, degree cu a hmun ah va fehin a la hngehnge. Honorary Doctorate Degree tivek khal Pacific International University in Doctor of Divinity(D.D), Doctor of Christian Laws (LL.D), Great Plains Baptist Divinity School in Doctor of Humanities( D.Hum.) ti vekih cawimawinak dawng mi a si ve. Kan chin mi lakah Dr. Sui le Dr. Rochunga Pu Daite lawng hi Doctor of Law(LL.D) sunlawih co an si hrih hmang maw ka ti, ka hrelh mi an um pang pei maw? Dr. Sui in a Ph.D degree khal hi Bible History lam rori in USA ah le Queen’s University, UK ih a zirsuah mi rori a si. Kan lai ttawng ten cabu ttha zetzet bu 50 leng lo a ngan zo. Dr. Sui tei unau 4 hi India Evangelical tlawng tthabik bik pawl ah le Filipines tlawng ttha hminthangpawl ihsin M.Div., M.Th., D.Min., Th.D tla hi an va zir hai ih, Prof. Uk Pi Th.D tla hi Bible consultant dinhmun ih ding thei a si thlang. Mission lam a/an buaipi tuk hrih ruangah a si, an farnu neihsun Miss Mary khal hi ram dangah Baptist pawl thawn an ttuantlang rero lai. Dr. Sui tei unauza hin rawngbawlnak lam ah cun Fundamentalist tikulh fate lungput an keng riai lo, a kau theibikin an awngaw ih leitlun pumhuap in Presbyterian, Baptist kawhhran pawl (team) dangdang tla thawn an ttuantlang thluh thei a si. Mai kawhhran lawng tthabik,
dikbik, tumbik ih ruahawknak(churchianism & church mentality) lungput an nei lo ti hi ka thei hai lawlaw. An unauza lakah upa lam deuhpawl hi hringtu nulepa in Pathian hnenah vawk pakhat fingfingih rak hlan
mi an si.
THUTLANGKAWMNAK:
Mirang Bible ih SAN THLENGTU(revolution) an ti mi cu, Tyndale in Greek ttawngih a leh mi kha a si ih, cumi cu King James Bible lehnak hrampi, Zurup khawmualpi hmuahhmuah sungih Greek ttawng thiambik Erasmas ih a rak lakkhawm mipawl kha an si. KJV hin Tyndale ih leh mi sung ihsin 100 ah 90 rori an lakbet lai hrih, rinsan tlak bik cu a rak si hrimhrim ngai ko. Pathian tthatnak ruangah atu ah cun kan chin ttawng phun 6: Falam, Hakha,Tidim, Matupi, Bualkhua, Zotung ttawng pawl in King James Bible hi Bibles International kaihhruainak tangah consultant-pawl thawn in lehsak rero thei thlang ih, Pathian hmin sunglawi ko seh. KJV an let kan ti ko nan, consultant-pawl hin Hebrew le Greek Original rori ih an
cek(check) hai ruangah di a riam cuang. Mizoram khalah Dr. P.C Biaksiama M.Sc.,M.Th., Ph. D., D.D hin Bible For The World thawn pehzawmawin KJV Thlung Thar cu an suah thlang ih, atu hi Thlung Hlun a bei rero lai. Mithiam dang ttangrual ih KJV an leh mi cu kum hmaisa lamah an suah zo. KJV hin kum 400 a kimnakah leitlun pumhuap in a lar deuh deuh ih a kum 400 kimnak ah hin leitlun pumhuap in lungawithu Pathian hnenah an sim tiah Inter-denominational Christian magazine ah an suah.
Miropi Garl Gustav Jung (1875-1961)ih thufim:
Who looks outside dreams; (Lenglam zohtu cun thli
lakah inn a sak)
Who looks inside awakes;(Sunglam zohtu cu a tthangharh)
A tlun thufim ih in zirh vekin, tui ttumah King James Version a sungmu lam kan zohtlangnak (critical analysis) pawl hi kan tthangharhnak cio ah cang thei hram seh tiah thlaza camphah in;
Khrih-ih nan rawngbawlpi,
Rev. B. Lal Lian Thang
Promotional Director
The Great Commission Theological Institute
Aizawl, Mizoram State
………………………………………………………………….
Hi thu ngan tikah mi pakhatkhat simaw, pawlkawm pakhatkhat simaw,
kawhhran pakahtkhat simaw eltainak, simsiatnak le hlawnthlak duhnak
lam si loin( cuvekzawng khalin zohman ruat lo sehla) Pathian thu
conservative takih tannak lamah ngai sawn sehla. Cumi cu cangantui
thinlung khal a si. Laimi, a hleicein Falammi cu malte kan si ruangah
thu lakdan thiam loin kan hak sual pang theu. Curuangah hruaitu zahum
deuh tla cu Book Review hman tuah ngam a si lo. An kawhhran le an
uifim pawlin in keuthat pang ding ti tluk a si. Mirang le ramdang cu
hun tanta sehla kan hmuanthlang Mizoram hmanah Presbyterian kawhhran
veve khal thu cuhaw-in an elaw tuito theu. Cucu a thangso le fim
pawlih mizia a si.
Cutivek thinlung kau le tluangtlam kan put thiam ding tikcu hngak
phahin fimkhurten kekar phahin Pathin Thu ih Conservative Evangelical
dinhmun in hihi ka rawn thawh ve a si. Pathian thu cu a nung ih huham ih khat a si. Sersiamtu a si ih nun
petu khal a si. Curuangah cabu dang vek men ih tham ding a si lo. Thu
thianghlim le zahum a si. Cuih thu cu King James Version hin a kilhim in a dinpi bikin a lang.
Cuti ka ti theinak 5 te hun tarlang sehla....
1. Text Thasawn (Superior Text) Kut ngan cabu hi tampi a um ih
Greek le Latin lephei cun a thawng tel a um ngai. Asinan Textus
Receptus (TR) hi rin tlakbikah Bible zumtupawl cun an pawm. Jerome in
Latin vulgate a leh ihsin kawhhran san a pehpeh –Martin Luther in
German tawngih a leh tiangin Receipt Text (Hlansawngawk mi casual)
rori hi hman a si. Cu cu Wycliff le William Tyndale pawl khalin an
rawn hmang vivo ih Geneva Bible, KJV, NKJV tiang hman vivo a si.
Judson ih Kawl ih a leh tik khalah hi thotho hi hman a si. Asinan
Today English Version cu West Cott le Hort ih ngansawn mi text hman a
si. Hi text hi United Bible Society in a pawm ruangah UBS text ti
khalih kawh a si ih Evangelical pawl cun critical text an ti theu.
Critical text ( Sawisel Ca) an tinak san cu a tlun ih ngansawngtu mi
pahnih khi Liberal tuk thilmak tampi zumlotu le falahim hrin(virgin
birth) tiang zumlotu an si ruangah a si. Tahthimnak pakhatte hun la
sehla Isaiah 7:14 ih falahim a rai ding ti khal khai nuno note timi
hman a si. I Kor 15:31 ih “I die daily” nitin ka thi ti ding hman khi
“Nitinte thihnak ka tawng zikte theu” tiin an kawpi sawng a si. TR ah
cun an tisual hinh khat cu a um ve ko ding nan uluk takih kawpi a si
ruangah a let tampiin a thasawn hrimhrim.
2. Theology Thasawn (Superior Theology) KJV theology ih a
thatsawnnak hi rel hman tul loin a lang cia. TEV hmun tampi ah thisen
timi um loin hlawn a si. Cun hrekkhatah thisen ti aiah thihnak tiih
leh a si. Theology na zir cun THISEN le THIHNSK ih danglamnak cu na
thei mai ding. Cun TEV ah cun remawksalnak (reconsilation) ti tawngkam
khal hman a si lo. Cun thiamcoternak (justification) ti mi theology
thupi tuk khal hman a si lo. TEV thasawn vekih reltupawl hin Theology
zirnakah an hmang dah lo ti a siang. TEV ah cun Mirinum ti khal a um
lo hokhaw. Rinsan tlak tiih hman a si. Mi rinum le rinsan tlak lawng
hman Bible tlawngta hrangah cun zir tham a si. Hivek hi hmun
thawngkhat leng lo khih ding a um.
3. Lehdan Thasawn( Superior Transilation Technology) Bible lehdan
hi phun tampi a um. A. Literal transilation= a tican vek ciah ih a
sinak ciah leh. B. Dynamic Equivalent =A duhsan zulh ih leh. Hi hi
thazet vekin a lang nan Bible lehnak hrang a tihnung tuk. C.
Paraphrase = Simfiang phun ih leh. Hi hi Bible lehlindan ih dinhmun
niambik a si.
KJV lettupawl cun A nak khi an hmang ih TEV lettupawl cun
B le C kawm an hmang. KJV lettupawl cun cafang kip, grammar kip
le a tican kip ah a san peng lo dingin an let nan TEV
lettupawl cun an nuainam men theu. Thimnakah Tirhthlah 2 thu ih
Miricle, sign and wonder ti mi hman khi hminsinnak le mangbangza
an ti men. Thilmak, hminsinnak le mangbangza ti sehla akim ding nan.
Cun Jesu kawhnakih an hman Lord, Master, Sir, Teacher
tipawl khal khi Bawipa le Sayapa ti in cawkpawlh thluh a si.
Leviticus lamih thil rawng phun 7 tivek khal phun li lawngih
leh a si. An rak tuanbangnak cu zahum zet khal sehla Pathian Thu hi
an dekcawk deuh maw ti ding a sinak lai tampi a um.
4. Lettu Thasawn( Superior Translator) Bible Version le text thu
rel tikah Bible lettupawl nun hi zoh tel lo theih a si lo. TEV (UBS)
text kawpi sawngtu West Cott and Hort tei nun zingzawi tikah Anglicak
pastor, piangthar lo, liberal emem, Pathian thilti mak khal zum mumal
lo an si. Asinan KJV lettupawl kan zoh tik( KJV cu William Tyndale
leipawlih lehcia rem kan ti zo kha) Wycliff= thih ngam, William
Tyndale= Bible leh ruangih Martar, Geneva ih kawhhran tuahthatupawl=
Pathian thu ruangaih tiduhdah le hrem tuar raltlan an si. Cun KJV
buaipitu mi 50 hrawng nunnak zoh tikah Puritan san tiangih Pathian
hrangih serhhrangaw, nun thianghlim uar, rinnak ih kekartu le Bible
Pathian thu buaipi le thih ngam an si. Curuangah a lettupawl ih nun hi
a tanaw tuk lawlaw.
5. Thuanthu Thasawn (Superior History) KJV le TEV cu an thuanthu
cio zoh tik khalah an tanaw tuk. KJV hmangtupawl hi Pathianmi deuh
hlir an si ih TEV hmangtu leitlun huap mi hminthang thuahthu ah a lang
an um lo. TR ihsin KJV ah a hmangtupawl cu Jerome, Augustine, Martin
Luther, Calvin, George Whitefield, John Wesley, Baptist thusim
hminthang Supergion, DL Moody, Jonathan Edward le mi tampi. Tu lai
sanah Rev. Rick Warren in “Keimah cun KJV ka siar theu nan mipi hmaiah
cun NIV khal ka siar. A san cu mino pawl hrangah theih a awl.” A rak
ti dah. John McArthur, Ryrie, Paul Enns, Bob Jones, Warren Wersbe,
Billy Graham le mi tampi.
Curuangah KJV lawng Pathian thu lole thawtkhum kan ti lo nan Version
dang thawn cun khaikhin ci a si lo. Peter Ruckman vekin KJV hi
advanced revelation(Original manuscript ih um lo KJV ah a kim ti
zumnak) ti khalin kan pawm lo nan a cungnung sawn ti cu el rual a si
lo. Pathian thu hi palbet in zozo simaw kan cawisan pang cun Setan a
lungawi tuk ding. Ziangah Bible ttha neih cu kan dodal ciamco ding?
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…………………………………………….
DR. HRE KIO-IH CRITICAL ANALYSIS KA HMUH VE DAN
Revd. B. Lallianthang
Thuhmaihruai
Thuhmaihruai
Lai ca siartu hmuahhmuah hnenah kum thar cibai! Pathian zangfahnak ruangah kan hruaitupawl in Bible version a phunphun kan lai ttawng rori ih in lehsak thei rero mipawl le fakselawknak kan tuahsakawk ttheu mipawl hi mifimpawl le miphun picangpawl cun ‘tthansonak bik a si’ an ti vekin, tui ttum khalah Dr. Sui Lian Mang ih cabu Dr. Hre Kio ih review a tuahsak mi hi ngunngaih zetih zohsak vesal dingah ka lo sawm hai. Kan unau Mizoram khalah Dictionary ngantu mithiam J.F Laldailova khan King James Bible sirhsan in ‘Mizo Bible Thlirna’ cahnah 318 sah a ngan mi khal tlawnginn tampi ah cun critical a phunphun zirnak ah an hmang hai ih, kawhhranpawl le Bible lettupawl khalin kan tthansohpi nasa an ti a si. Tubai khalah Hmar Bible lettu L. Keivom le Zolife Editor in J.F ngan mi sirhsan in in zirhsal ih kan hlawktlang zet hngin. Kan Lairam kawhhranpawl hin ziangtin ruat ve pei maw? Pathian tthatnak in kan Laimi Bible Doctor kan neih mipawl hi kan hero si dingih kan tuahawcawp mi an si riai lo. Tulai T.V talk show ih hminthang Mr. Suhel Seth ih ttawng, ‘Poor is a nation that does not have a hero; poorer still is a nation that requires a hero,’(hero nei lo miphun cu an farah; hero a ttul mi miphun cu an farah sinsin) a ti vekin Dr. Sui Lian Mang le Dr. Hre Kio khal hi Pathian ih in pek mi kan hero an si. Phuahcawp (Lan-be) Ph.D an si lo. Tui ttumah kei khalin Dr. Hre Kio ih critical analysis (ka cahram) a ti mi hi, Bible scholar-pawl le Dr.Waite Ph.D;Th.D mitkharh hmangin mallai cuansak ve ka duh ih, Romantics criticism lam hawi thei ding hi ka lungthlitumbik a si. Amahlawngte ziangvek thuanthu khal hi a ngantui hmuhdan vek si loin a danglam thei ti a si ih, Russia, German, France…tvkp hi dik lo deuh ih thuanthu ngan an hmang ttheu ruangah miphun tumpi pi an si ko nan leitlunpi hin an ngaisang hai lo. England hi thuanthu a sinak vek cekci ih ngantu an si ruangah leitlunpi ih upat le ttihzah an si ti hi history ah kan hmu thei. A tlunih kan rel mi Dr. Waite khi classical Greek, Latin le Literature si seh B.A.,M.A., M.Th.,Th.D.,Ph.D., tipawl hi Southern Methodist University, Dallas Theological Seminary, Purdue University pawl ihsin zirsuak a si ih, Bible tlawng 9 laiah Hebrew le Greek kum 35 sung a zirh zo. Baptist kawhhran ah pastor khal a si fawn.
Kan Thupi Sungah Lut Sehla: Dr. Hre Kio ih cangan mi hi hnah 10 ah kan hersuak ih, hnah ziangzatnak tiin kan rel mai ding.
Pakhatnak: Dr. Hre Kio ih ‘ka cahram’
a ti mi (Hnah1,10) hi a thuhla/fehpidan zoh tikah, ‘cahram’sisawn loin
fakselnak(critical analisys/book review)lam hawi a si sawn. Cahram(article);
Essay; Prose…tvkp hi mithiam cin hi cun felfai zetin in thleidangsak hai sehla
a duhum zet nan!! Ziangahtile kan fanau cazirpawl hrangah kan literature value
kan niamter vivo thei ih cangan mi pohpoh hi ‘Cahram’ tiih hmin pek hluahhlo
mai a ngah lo. Dr. Hre Kio hin mipi hrang tthatnak a si pam tizawng in poetric
licence ti bangih ‘Cahram’ hmin a pek hi cu a thu fehdan thawn a kalhaw tuk deuh.
Pahnihnak: Dr. Hre Kio hin Dr.
Sui Lian Mang hi thuphan a puh maw si ti pang a awlte. Dr. Sui hin King James
Version lawng a rinumbik a ti riai lo. NKJV khal a rinbik thu a reltelcih rori
nan. Dr. Hre Kio hin KJV lawnglawng ih a thlur sakdan zoh tikah hin Falam
Baibal Thianghlim namthlak tum rori ih a puh ruangah a si, a pawi nasa. Dr. Sui
ih ‘Bible Khaikhinnan Cabu’ hi mithiampawlih tidan khal a si ih, a
bukawtawn nasa. Bible version a phunphun umtuzia theihnak lamah in fimvarter
tiah mitampi in an rel a si. Hivek Comperative critism hi damnak le fimvarnak
ah hmang thiam cio nungna a duhum zet nan. Bible pakhat lawng namthlak duhnak
ih kan ruah pang a si ah cun Jehova Witness-pawl bangin mai duhnak zawn lawng a
cuk ih cuksakawk pang a awlte. Kan hruaitupawl hin thinlung kau zetin ziangkim
hi bukawtawn zetih in zirh asile kan dam tlang ding a si.
Pathumnak: Bible International
(B.I) VS United Bible Society (UBS). Dr. Sui Lian Mang in ‘KJV Bible lawng
rinsan tlak bik a si’ a ti mi hi, mangbangza a si. KJV hi vei tampi an remtthat
rero zo mi a si ih a khui mi bik so maw dik bik…? (Dr. Hre, Hnah 2-4). Dr. Hre
ih mangbangnak hi mangbang ding a si lo nan. Kap khat te lawng le mitkharh
colour phunkhat lawngih research kan tuah pang a si ah cun ziangkim hi mangbangnak
hlir an si ttheh. A kau thei bikih research tuahtupawl cun hahdam zetin hitin
an rak hminsin depdep zo: 1611 kum ih KJV kha le tulai KJV ih an danglamnak cu
hmun 421 lawngah a si. 1611 lai ih KJV ah khan cafang 791238 a um ih, cumi sung
ihsin cafang 285 cu danglamnak tenau (minor change) an si. Cuihsin cafang 136
cu thleng taktak an si(change of substance). ‘Amongt’ ti kha ‘Among’ tiin;
‘Lifted up’ ti kha ‘lift up’ tivek; ‘Ye’ ti kha ‘you’ …tvkp khi an si ih, a
cafang lawng thlengawin a SULLAM cu bangrep thotho an si; Ui ti le Uico tivek
fang khi an danglamnak cu a si thotho ruangah Dr. Sui ih reldan hi a dik a si.
KJV cu KJV a si camcin ko. Mithiam maktarapawl hin an rak zirngah neknek zo a
si, mangbangnak ding a um lo e.
Palinak: Dr. Hre Kio in Erasmas
khan A.D 500 hlanih ngan mi(Saphaw thawn cabu ih tuah mi a rak nei lo ih…A.D
1000 le 1500 karlakih ngan mi Greek Bible a tlai mi ( neta suak) lawng a nei.
Early manuscript are better. Late manuscript are corrupted; a cahmai 5-6 ah a
ngan. Dr. Hre in a thar hi an ttha lo ih a hlun hi a ttha a ti mi Codex
5-pawlih thuhla hi mithiam ropi Moorman cun a rak zirngah depdep zo mi a si.
Hitin: Kawhhran hmaisa palepawlih an ca ngan mi(A.D 110- 397); Nicean A.D 400
hlan le 400 hnu lamih cabu bu 86 pawl ihsin a zingzawi (research) ciamco tikah
hih kawhhran hmaisa-ih palepawl hin hmun 279 rori ah Erasmas ih a rak lakkhawm
mi Textus Receptus (TR) sung ihsin an laksin mi a si ti hi a hmusuakngah zo,
mangbangnak ding a um nawn lo nan. Curuangah Dr. Hre Kio in a hlunbik Codex 5 a
ti mipawl hi an rak hlun bik cuang lo ti hi an zingzawi ngah zo.TR hnakih an
hlun sawnnak zianghman a um cuang lo (Dr. Waite Research bu P. 58). Dr. Moorman
ih research tuahdan le Dr. Hre ih ngandan hi ni suah le ni tlak lam vekin an
danglam a si hi. TR hi kawhhran hmaisa palepawl khan an rak hmang nasa tuk zo
mi a si ti hi an hmusuak vivo thlang a si cu. Hivek research hi Dr. Sui le anau
Dr. Uk Pi khalin Doctoral Study in USA lamih an zir ttheunak san a si. Cuihsin
Dr. Hre ih ttha a ti mi Codex Sinaiticus, Tischendorf in St.Catherine phungki
tlawng ih a hawlsuah mi a ti mi hi cu, rel nuam lo zet a si ko nan ziangkhalle
phundangah ruat siangaw lo ten a ruh langih rel a ttul thlang ko. Hih phungkipawl
(puithiam) hin thlatang ih mei hlum aihnak dingah tiin, hnawmpung sungah ur
dingih an penkhawm men mi a rak si ngelcel. Hiti ta rori cun Dr. Hre Kio hi
ziang lawmmamah so na ruah in ti men thei. Ziangkhalle, research tuahtupawlih
English khal malten tarlang sehla a ttha ngai ding, The Sainai manuscript(Alep)
was found in the wastepaper basket at St. Catherine’s monastery. They were
getting to burn it to keep warm for the winter (Dr. Waite Research bu P.59).
Cuihsin amah Tischendorf hi German liberal pacang (apostate scholar) an ti mi a
si ih, thlarau hlo rundam hnakih hlanlai thil hlun ta rori buaipi a si vekin
British Museum in an ram tangka 100000 ih an rak leisak khal cu thil hlun duh
le hawl ciocio an lung a kim veve taakah; cahnah sia ting khatih leiawk tete cu
amah Dr. Hre Kio ttawngdan takah, an lei FUH riai kan tisak ve mai pei. Aizawl
khalah Evan. MiMi pawlin Vana Pa Hall ah damnak tidai tiin an rak zem ciamco
dah ih, hmansehla Journalist-pawlih an zingzawi taktak tikah Sitama(drug
addicted) paih a mi umnak tidai kha a tawthawhnak cu a rak si. A tleu mi pohpoh
hi SUI an rak si lem lo ti a si kha. Cule kum zabi 19-nak cem lamih Bible thiam
miropi Cecil J. Carter cun a cabu hmin ‘Kut Ngan Hlunbikpawl’ a ti mi hnah
10-nak ah hi tin a ngan, ‘Codex Sinaiticus ( Dr. Hre ih a hlunbik a ti mi )
hmusuaktu amah Tischendorf ttawngkam rori kha hitin a ngan, ‘Hih Codex (A) ah
hin mi dangih an thleng reronak hmun15000 laiah a um,’ tiin. A rak hmusuaktu
hmanin hi zat lawmmam a DIKLONAK a hmuhsuahsal a si ah cun,Dr. Hre ih ‘a hlun
pohpoh a ttha a ti mi hi’ ttih an va nung zik so, diklo a tamtuk a si cu. A
hmusuaktuih ttawngkam rori an ngan mi a si sapbai. Cuvek thothoin, mithiam
hleice Hoskier khalin Liberal pacang Westt & Hort ih rak hmuhsuah mi(Dr.
Hre ih tthumawknak) Codex A&B hi ngunngaih zetih zirnak le KHAIKHINNAK a
tuah tikah, Codex A&B hi Gospel 4 sung lawng hmanah an kalhawknak hmun 3000
lenglo a hmusuak a si cu. Thlung thar zate sungah cun a diklonak/palhnak a va
tam zik lawmmam so. Curuangah, research tuahtupawl le mi tampi kan thil hmuhdan
a rak kaakaw zet mi pakhat cu ziang a si ti le, hivekih kut ngan hlun zetzet an
hmuhsuah mipawl hi zumtu hmaisa palepawlih an rak hman mi an si lo ruangah him
zet zetin tui san tiang an tthat theinak san hi a rak si sawn a si. ‘Zumtu
hmaisapawlih an rak hman taktak mipawl cu an ttet nasa ve zo ding ih, hmuh ding
hman an um nawn ding maw si,’ ti hi thungaithlakih kan ruah ttul mi sawn cu a
si. Ziangkhalle kan thupi palitnak sung ihsi hin thil umtudan cu mithiampawlih
mitkharh hmangin tawkfang cu kan cuan thei thlang ko ding.
Panganak: Dr. Hre Kio VS Moral Reform &Moral Ethics
King James Version namthlak tum tuk ruangah Erasmas hi ‘lakfa’(fasawn)tivek hi leitlun dan ih Journalist Ethics hmanah an duh lo lawlaw mi ttawngkam a si. Nunau kaihhrem(rape) vansiat a tawng mi hman khi an hmin nan ngan lo pei ti a si. An hmailam hrangah a ttha lo thei ti a si. Politics diktak khalah bulpak siatnak ngan/rel hi an duh lo lawlaw. Leitlun hruaitupawl, hlaphuahthiam, canganthiampawl le mifim hminthang tampi pawl hi an bulpak thuanthu ah cun Erasmas vekih zangfakza tampi an um ve ko. Erasmas hi lakfa/fasawn cu a si ko nan a cawmtu puithiam nupa hin an san laiih zirnak tlawng ttha bikah an kaiter ih, Zurop ram hmuahhmuah ih Greek thiambik a si. Amai pronounciation tuah mi hi tui ni tiang zokhal ih zir mi ah a cang lanta a si hi.
Paruknak: King James Version hi Bible siava (wicked Bible) an ti. Dr. Hre P.4. Rel tam ttul loin Dr. Hre ih sawiselnak P.3&4 thupawl hi cu, research tuahtupawl in hivek hi cu an rak hminsin depdep ttheh zo ih, KJV Bible namtu/suttupawlih an rak sut/rial pang mipawl an si ti hi zokhalih theihfiang ttheh zo mi asinan; ziangahlehlam Dr. Hre hin hivek thu tenau tuktukpawl hi a run phawrhsal paih rero si pei? Hivek kan rel paih a si ah cun rel cawk khal a si lo. Geneva Bible(1560) khalin Gen.3: 7 thu hi ‘theipi hnah cu bawngbi ah an tthitaw’ tiih an rak leh ruangah bawngbi Bible (breeches Bible) an rak ti ve nasa. Mizo Bible leh hmaisat mi khalin Lk. 2:21-25 thu hi, ‘Tin, ni riat a tlin’in a ZANG TAN a hun a, a hminga Jishua an sa…tirko-vin a shak tawh kha,’ ti vekih an rak leh ruangah ZANG TAN Bible tiin hnihsuahsainak ah an rak hmang nasa dah. Dr. Van Bik khalin holh theih lo a rak huat deuh ruangah, ‘thli lakih vawih thawh’ tiih a rak leh hmaisa ah khan ‘VAWIH Bible’ ti ta roriin an rak au nasa a si kha ! Atu cu a thlengaw zo. Dr. Hre Kio ih Bible hmaisa lam khalah ‘hai’ ti a rak tam deuh a si hmang, ‘HAI’ Bible an rak ti ciamco laiah Dr. Sui Lian Mang cun Dr. Hre Kio lehdan hi a dik a si tiah a rak ttan ringring kha ka cing eueu lai ko. Dr. Hre Kio khalin Dr. Sui Lian Mang hi kan khua (Zo khua a theng thei pang a si ah cun Sia rori thah nan zuam pei ) a ti tiah Bible tlawngtapawlin in sim. Sia hi Lai dan ah cun sunlawihawknak sangbik a si.
Pasarihnak:Dr. Sui Lian Mang hin, Fundamentalist lungput in KJV hi rinumbik a ti a si…(Dr. Hre ih cahmai-2-nak) Dr. Hre kio in Fundamentalist tizawngih Dr. Sui a puh mai hi cu tulai mino ttawngkam cun a tthing (old model) tuk deuh a si. Ziangahtile King James Bible rinumbik titu hmuahhmuah hi international huapih kan zoh asile, kawhhran tinkim, mithiam(schoolars) tinkim, Pathian mipawl siarcawklo sung ihsin an si hai ih rel tam a ttul lo ding. Amahlawngte, laimi hruaitu hrekkhatpawlih Fundamental an hrilhfiahdan le an hmuhdan (concept) hi cu tui san fimthiamnak a tthangso tuk mi ah hi cun an ralrin zet a ttul thlang ding. 2000 kum hlanah kha cun kum 4 danah milai hi theihnak lamah kan rak danglam ttheu ti a rak sinan, 2000 kum ihsi cun kum 2 danah kan danglam nasa tuk thlang ti a si thlang ruangah, midang kan hmuhdan parih kan ttawngkam hman mi tetepawl hi ralrin a ttul zet thlang a si. Tulai virtual world ah cun sizung Doctor khalin cathiam lem lo mi hnen khalah computer an zirsawn riangri a si hi! Midang thiamnak niamdeuh vekih hmuhsakawk a ngah nawn ta lo e. Curuangah kan laimi hruaitu hrekkhatpawl hin Evangelical, Fundamental, Conservative…tvk umtuziapawl hi theihngah deuh kan ttul. Mizoram hruaitu tamsawn khalin Liberal, Charismatic, Penticostal, Evangelical…tvk tipawl an theithiam lo ruangah ziangtinkim an rawi thluh thlang ih atu ah tla cun, ziangtinkim hi ‘A ttha a sia thleidang nawn loin kan pawm thluh lawlaw mai pei uh, cule ziangkim hi ei ttheh kan tum lawlaw ding ih kan ril le pumpi ih a ngaih lo asile kan luaksal men pei cu; a luak thei lo poh sungdawkah tiin AR khawthim fehin kan fehthlang,’ tiah an/kan mithiampawl cu an ttap rero a si. Politics khalah AR khawthim feh thotho kan si hrih lai an ti a si.
Pariatnak:Dr. Hre kio in a ca hmai 2-nakah, ‘Dr. Sui Lian Mang hi Bible thuhla tawkfang a zingzoi (leh-la) ve ruangah....’ Dr. Hre Kio hin hivek ttawng irhsit(irony) hi zirnak bangaw ciocio parah cun hmang lo sehla a duhum zet nan, ziangahtile, Dr. Hre le Dr. Sui hi America ih Ph.D degree ngah veve an si. Pathian thawngin tawkfang zir le lehla menmen an si lo. Dr. Hre Kio ih ttawng irhsit(irony)khi ziang a bang ti le, mai zirnak lawng sangdeuhih retaw in, midang zirnak hmuah ‘tawkfang(leh-la)’ vek fangin midang cu a hmuniam ti pangnak a si. Dr. Hre hi mi zawmtaih a hmang ka tinak si loin, a ttawngfang hman mi hi mei a nei deuh ka tinak sawn a si. India misuanvawr P.M Dr. Manmohan Singh leilung tlun hruaitu tthabikih an hrilnak san cu: ‘A ttawngkam hmandan a ralring ih, mi zokhal a hmuniam dah lo,’ ti hi a si. Ziangkhalle, Dr.Hre Kio hi cu kan theih cio mi a si pam, Dr. Sui hi kum 50 hman a kim deuh hrih lo nan Pathian zarah kan suanvawr pakhat a si ve bangtukin a zirnak thuhla, a ttha lam hlur a sip am, thei duh kan um pangah malten tarlang sehla: Dr. Sui hi a pa U Thla Mang cu Acozah(palik) hna ttuanin Khaikam ih an um laiah a suak ih, Falam khua
Canmary tlawngah phun hra awng felfelin, India rampi ih Evangelical Bible Tlawng ttha pahnih ah B.Th., B.D., M.B.S tipawl hi a hmun rori ah a zir. M.R.E khal Grand Rapids Baptist Seminary Asia program ah a kai rori ih kai in a zir ttheh. Cuisin Rangoon in Doctor of Biblical Studies (DBS) khal Gulf Coast Baptist Seminary, USA ah hlaral zirnak in Dissertation khal ngan in a ttheh ih, degree cu a hmun ah va fehin a la hngehnge. Honorary Doctorate Degree tivek khal Pacific International University in Doctor of Divinity(D.D), Doctor of Christian Laws (LL.D), Great Plains Baptist Divinity School in Doctor of Humanities( D.Hum.) ti vekih cawimawinak dawng mi a si ve. Kan chin mi lakah Dr. Sui le Dr. Rochunga Pu Daite lawng hi Doctor of Law(LL.D) sunlawih co an si hrih hmang maw ka ti, ka hrelh mi an um pang pei maw? Dr. Sui in a Ph.D degree khal hi Bible History lam rori in USA ah le Queen’s University, UK ih a zirsuah mi rori a si. Kan lai ttawng ten cabu ttha zetzet bu 50 leng lo a ngan zo. Dr. Sui tei unau 4 hi India Evangelical tlawng tthabik bik pawl ah le Filipines tlawng ttha hminthangpawl ihsin M.Div., M.Th., D.Min., Th.D tla hi an va zir hai ih, Prof. Uk Pi Th.D tla hi Bible consultant dinhmun ih ding thei a si thlang. Mission lam a/an buaipi tuk hrih ruangah a si, an farnu neihsun Miss Mary khal hi ram dangah Baptist pawl thawn an ttuantlang rero lai. Dr. Sui tei unauza hin rawngbawlnak lam ah cun Fundamentalist tikulh fate lungput an keng riai lo, a kau theibikin an awngaw ih leitlun pumhuap in Presbyterian, Baptist kawhhran pawl (team) dangdang tla thawn an ttuantlang thluh thei a si. Mai kawhhran lawng tthabik,
dikbik, tumbik ih ruahawknak(churchianism & church mentality) lungput an nei lo ti hi ka thei hai lawlaw. An unauza lakah upa lam deuhpawl hi hringtu nulepa in Pathian hnenah vawk pakhat fingfingih rak hlan
mi an si.
THUTLANGKAWMNAK:
Mirang Bible ih SAN THLENGTU(revolution) an ti mi cu, Tyndale in Greek ttawngih a leh mi kha a si ih, cumi cu King James Bible lehnak hrampi, Zurup khawmualpi hmuahhmuah sungih Greek ttawng thiambik Erasmas ih a rak lakkhawm mipawl kha an si. KJV hin Tyndale ih leh mi sung ihsin 100 ah 90 rori an lakbet lai hrih, rinsan tlak bik cu a rak si hrimhrim ngai ko. Pathian tthatnak ruangah atu ah cun kan chin ttawng phun 6: Falam, Hakha,Tidim, Matupi, Bualkhua, Zotung ttawng pawl in King James Bible hi Bibles International kaihhruainak tangah consultant-pawl thawn in lehsak rero thei thlang ih, Pathian hmin sunglawi ko seh. KJV an let kan ti ko nan, consultant-pawl hin Hebrew le Greek Original rori ih an
cek(check) hai ruangah di a riam cuang. Mizoram khalah Dr. P.C Biaksiama M.Sc.,M.Th., Ph. D., D.D hin Bible For The World thawn pehzawmawin KJV Thlung Thar cu an suah thlang ih, atu hi Thlung Hlun a bei rero lai. Mithiam dang ttangrual ih KJV an leh mi cu kum hmaisa lamah an suah zo. KJV hin kum 400 a kimnakah leitlun pumhuap in a lar deuh deuh ih a kum 400 kimnak ah hin leitlun pumhuap in lungawithu Pathian hnenah an sim tiah Inter-denominational Christian magazine ah an suah.
Miropi Garl Gustav Jung (1875-1961)ih thufim:
Who looks outside dreams; (Lenglam zohtu cun thli
lakah inn a sak)
Who looks inside awakes;(Sunglam zohtu cu a tthangharh)
A tlun thufim ih in zirh vekin, tui ttumah King James Version a sungmu lam kan zohtlangnak (critical analysis) pawl hi kan tthangharhnak cio ah cang thei hram seh tiah thlaza camphah in;
Khrih-ih nan rawngbawlpi,
Rev. B. Lal Lian Thang
Promotional Director
The Great Commission Theological Institute
Aizawl, Mizoram State
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|
NEW INTERNATIONAL
VERSION(NIV)
KA HMAN NAWN LONAK SAN
Timothy
Sui Lian Mang
Hi cangantu khal hin New International Version
(NIV) hi kum 4 sung a rak hmang dah. A English theih a awl, siar a nuam, Bible
hmuahhmuah cu an `ha thluh ko, mah le Pathian karlakah dik phawt sehla tin a
rak ruat dah. Asinan
can a rung heraw vivo ih zirnak ruangih a theih suah mi cu rinsan tlak Bible a
um a `ul. English `awng in Bible version hi 150 lai a um thlang si khawh,
bangaw lo hnuaihni an si. Ziangruangah si pei tiin a khawruah a har `heu. A
zirnak ruangih a theihsuah mi cu Greek Bible phun dangdang ruangah a si ti hi a
si. Asile le ziang Greek Bible hi rinsana tlak bik pei, ziangruangah? Ti hi
theih `ul le zingzawi tlak thu cu a si. Received Text/TR hi rinsan tlak bik a
si ti hi cangantu ih a dinpi mi cu a si. NIV hi TR Greek Bible thlun ih leh mi
a rak si lo ruangah TR/KJV/NKJV sungih um mi um lo a rak tam lu tuk hi a si. A
English cu ziang tluk ih awl in siar nuam va si hman sehla, a sungih
Pathian `awngkam a kim nawn lo cun English a har khalle Dictionary thawi zoh
`heu in rinsana tlak mi Greek Bible Received Text/TR thlun ih leh mi KJV
le NKJV hi hman a `ul tiah a ruat ih a hmang. TR/KJV/NKJV ih um mi NIV ih
um lo mi hrekkhat tarlang ka duh:
1. A cang pumpi um lo
hi 17 lai a um ih, hrekkhat in tarlang sehla:
Mat. 18:11; 23:14.
Mar. 7:16; 9:44,46; 11:26; 15: 28.
Luk. 17:36; Joh. 5:17.
2. Bible cang khat sungih thu pawimawh zetzet
um lo mipawl
hrekkhat tarlang
leh hnik uhsi:
Mat.5:22, 27;9:13,35; 10:3,8; 12:35; 15:8; 18:29;
19:20; 20:7;
Mat.
22:13; 32:3; 27:35.
Mar.1:2,
14; 2:17; 3:5,15; 4:4; 6:11,26; 7:2; 9:29,45,49;
Mar.
10:24;11:10;12:4,30,33; 14:19,27,70
Luk.1:28,
29,79; 4:4,8,18,41; 5:38; 6:10, 45; 7:10,31; 8:45,54.
Luk.
9:54,55,56; 10:35; 11: 2, 4,11,29,44,54; 17:3,9;
Luk.
19:5; 20:23, 20; 22:30,31, 64,68; 23:23,34,38.
Joh.
3:13,15; 4:42; 10:26; 11:41; 5:3, 16; 6:11,22,47; 8:9,10,59.
Joh.
9:10; 12:1;17:12; 19:16.
Apo.
2:23; 7:30, 37; 9:6; 10:6,21; 15: 24; 17:5; 18:21; 21:8,25;
Apo.
22:9,20; 24:6,8,15,26.
Rom.
1: 16; 3:22; 8:1, 26; 9:31; 10:15; 11:6; 14:6,
21.
IKor. 5:7; 6:20;
9:18; 10:23; 11:24, 29; 15:47.
IIKor. 8:4; 12:11;
13:2.
Gal. 3:1,17;
4:7; Kol. 3:9, 14; 4:17; 5:30; IThess. 1:1;
IIThess. 2:4; ITim. 2:7;
3:3,16; 4:12; 5:4,16; 16:5,7.
IITim. 1:11; Heb. 1:3;
2:7; 3:6; 8:12; 10:9,30; 11:1,13; 12:20.
James 4:4; IPet. 1:22;
4:1, 24; IJoh.2:7; 4:3; 5:7,13.
Thuphuan 1:8,11; 5:14;
11:1,17; 14:12; 15:2; 16:4,5,7; 19:1; 21:24;
*A tlun ih Bible cangpawl
hi cang khat sungih thu pawimawh zet
zet
TR/KJV/NKJV le Kawl Bible sungih um naih, NIV ih
um lo mi
an si. Tarlang lo mi thawn a zaten hi 180 lai a um.
*Cun Jesu, Pathian, Bawipa, Khrih ti NIV ah
vawi 173 lai a um lo
fawn.
*Cun TR/KJV/NKJV le Kawl Bible thawn tah`him
tikah NIV ah a
sullam, a duhsan
danglam pi suak mi 229 lai a um fawn.
NIV hi Pathian `awngkam famkim um lonak a si
tariai aw. Celfel ve hnik awla, hi tluk ih Pathian `awngkam sunglawi zetzet um
lonak Bible hi rinsan tlak a si thei ding maw ?
Everett W. Fowler in
“EVALUATING VERSIONS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT” ti mi a cabu sungah a hnuai lam
vekin report a ngan:
*Greek Bible Received
Text/TR ih um mi Greek Baibal Bible Society
Text 3rd Edition)
sungih um lo `awngfang 3602 a um ih cucu 41.5%
tinak
a si.
*Greek Baibal Bible
Society Text (3rd Edition) sungih um Received
Text/TR
sungih um lo `awngfang 976 a um ih, cucu 11.2% tinak
a
si.
*Hi Greek Bible pahnih
`awngfang dangaw……3146…. 36.3% a um
Received Text/TR/ KJV
sungih um Westcott & Hort Greek Bible,
Nestle Greek Bible le
Bible Society Greek sungih um lo zat:
WH N BS
Bible Cang pumpi um lo
mi……………… ........... 18 20 17
Bible cang khat sungih
thu pawimawh…............. 193 191 185
hrekkhat
um lo mi
A dang um lo mi
tete....…………………. ........... 1244 1220 1107
Pathian hmin hrelh mi ….
......................................221 230 212
Pathian hmin aiawhtu pronoun um lo mi................. 183 192 157
Bet
mi……………....................................... ....... 173 156 161
Sullam danglampi neiter
`awngfang………. ............. 1821 1773 2018
Greek `angfang um lo mi
zat……………............ 2824 2987 2632
Greek `awngfang bet
zat............................. ......
347 306 317
Rundam si hi a har maw?
Mark 10:24 ah khan KJV
cun, "Jesus answered again, and said unto them, Children, how hard is
it for them that trust in riches to enter into the Kingdom of God,"(Jesu
in a sangsal hai ih an hnenah, “Falenuh, lennak a rinsantupawl hrangah cun
Pathian uknak sung luh cu ziang tlukin so a har) tin a um.
NIV ah cun, "Jesus
said again, Children, how hard it is to enter the Kingdom of God,"(Jesu
in a sangsal hai ih an hnenah, “Falenuh, Pathian uknak sung luh cu ziang
tlukin so a har) ti lawngin a um. Thusimtu pahnih in Mark 10:24 hmangin thusim
veve hnik hai sehla, pakhat in KJV a hmang ih pakhat in NIV a hmang. KJV
hmangtu pa cun na lennak rinsan hlah, Pathian rinsan ding na si tiin a sim
ding. NIV hmangtu pa cun rundamnak co cu a har a si ti bak sim ding nei
lo. Ziangahtile NIV in hih Bible cang ih a laimuril cu a tanhlo. Rundamnak cu
ngah theih lo phun ah a cang aw. Bible Version hmuahhmuah an bangaw thluh, an
`ha thluh ti men ding cu thil cang thei a si lo.
Vawi khat cu mithi vuinak
ah cangantu hi thusim dingin can an pe. Thihnak lam thu sim dingin a timlamawk rero
laiah Bible bangaw lo zet a hmusuak. Cucu Sam 116:15 hi a si.
TR/KJV/NKJV/Kawl Bible ah
cun, “Precious in the sight of the Lord is the death of his saints.”(A
mithiangpawl thihnak cu Bawipai mit a a sunglawi a si) tiin a um.
TEV ah cun, “ How painful
it is to the Lord when one of his people dies.”(Amai minung lak ihsin
pakhatkhat an thih tikah bawipai hrangah ziang tluk in so a nat)” tiin a um.
Sermon phun hnih a suak thei tariai. Ziangtin na ruat?
*********
KJV, Pathian
Thlawsuahzetmi le Hmanzetmi
By: Caleb Laltinhrem
Ziangahtile, thurin
ziktluak an ngai paih lo can a thleng lai ding;
an hna a za dingih, an
hiar zawng zirhtu an ko khawm ding;v3
Asinan nang cun, thil
ziangkimah fimvar ten um awla, harsat tuar ṭenṭo aw,
Thuthangṭha nung sim
hna ṭuannak in na rawngbawl hlen suak aw.v5
Doawknak ṭha ka
dongah, tlan zuamawknak cu a tawp tiang ka ṭheh,
rinnak ka kil ngah…v7
2
Tim. 4: 3,5,7
Thuhmaihruai: KJV le versions dangdang thuthawn
pehparawin TEXTs thu le hrilfiahnakpawl ka hlanih nganzopawl in an ngan celcel
zo ih ka ngan duh nawn lo ding. Hrekkhat cun Pa-Lap zetin an
run ngan. Fumfe ten Stand an nei lo si ding, a pawizet. Bible tlukih
buaipi tlak leitlun ah ka thei lo, cutlukih thupimi cu ziang Bible version
ka hmang ding ti khal ruat thiam lo Pastor, Rev. kan si lai ding ka phangzet.
King James Version: KJV hi 2011 ah kum 400 a kim ta riai.
England ram hmun tampiah Trinitarian Bible Society (TBS)
tla cun KJV sunlawihnak ah KJV thu zirhnak thlatin a rak tuah vivo. England
siangpahrang James I ih thupeknak vekin 1604 kum ah Bible thiam hleice mipum 54
in an rak let thawkih 1611 kum ah an run ṭheh suak. Curuangah zingzawitu
pakhat khat in KJV thu a rel a si ahcun KJV-1611 a si tengteng
ding.
Kum 400 rei zo hman
sela leitlun khawmual tinah KJV hi a cuai thei hrih remrem lo. Dotu a neih tam
poh le Pathian in a cawisang in a thlawsuah deuhdeuh. Pathian thutak hlirhlang
umnak le kilhimnak Bible version KJV kilhimtu ding an pung suak deuhdeuh.
Curuangah, KJV dotu tamtak khalin KJV an do rualrual in KJV hi Pathian ih
thlawsuah a pek zia le a hmanzia an vun theiih an sup-aw sal ṭheu. Pathian
thutak thuziktluak pawmtu le phuangtupawl zoh tikah KJV kai ṭeṭe hlir an
si. Pathian thu a si lo pipi'n zir ih zum, sim le zirhpawl cu do ih thutak
kilhimtupawl kan zoh asile khal-le KJV Bible hmang felfel an tam sawn.
Zirhtirnak dik lo do ih thutakṭantupawl lakah fundamentalist pacang ṭha
rual an si tlang pi. Amen. Atu kan san khal ah Fundamentalist asilole KJV in
Pathian thutak an kilhimbik ti cu el theih rual a si lo.
Tuisun ni-tiang ah
Pathian thutak duhih kilkhawitu mipi poh cun KJV hi an duhbik, KJV hi Bible
version zuar khawngbikmi lakah a tel. Leitlun pumpi huap in kan sim asile KJV
tlukih milai thinlung latu, belhcian dawlmi le Pathian ih thlawsuah pekmi le
hmanmi English Version (EV) ah an um hrih riai lo.
Trinitarian Bible Socieity in EV (English Version) dang hnakih King
James a ṭhatsawnnak san pa 5 lai hitin an langter; {1}KJV cu Hebrew le Greek Bible ṭhasawn ihsin lehmi; {2} KJV cu lehdan diksawn a si; {3} KJV cu mirang ṭawng mawi theibik ih nganmi a si (Dr
Edwin tla cun, "Mirang ṭawng thiam taktak na duh asile KJV ṭhate'n
siar aw); {4} KJV cu Khrih Jesu ih Pathian sinak a sim ṭhabik
in a fiangbik; {5} Mirangṭawng ih lehmi Bible dang lakah
KJV cu STANDARD ih rak DING ṭhemṭhem a si. Amen. (Hsn: Himi pa 5
hi simfiangzotu an um zo ruangah ka ngan nawn lo)
Bible Sia/Ṭha Tahfung: {1} BIBLE an rak leh
tikah an hmanmi Hebrew le Greek cu rinsan tlak an si maw? {2} A lettupawl Pathian thu pawmdan a dik maw, a dik lo maw,
Pathianmi an sinak zawn le an thiamnak lam-ah thlarau thianghlim umpimi le a
tlingmi an si maw? {3} Lehdan a dik maw? {4} An leh ṭhehmi ṭawnghram thawn a dengaw maw, Jesu
a cawisang maw? Himi pa 4 thawn vun tah tikah KJV cu EV lakah a ṭhabik,
belhcian dawlbik ih a tlinnak le rinsan tlakbik a sinak a si. Amen. (Hsn:
Ka hlan ngantupawl in an ngan zo, ngan nawn lo ding)
Bible Siar Nuam Timen A
Ngahlo: Chin pacang ṭha
Dr le Th.M rual tamzet cun KJV cu siar le theih a har, NIV le TEV hi siar a
nuam, theih a awl ih ka hmannak a si an ti. An Pathian thu hawldan cu a puan
lang nasa timi a fiang ih thin an ti nuam lo zet. A nuam le awlsam zawngin
Pathian thuthuk, thutak hlirhlang an hmu thei dah lo ding. Bible ṭha leṭha
lo hi siar nuam le nuam lo vek menin tah ci siin ka ngai lo. Chinmi hrangih
siar har, theih har Mirang, Hebrew le Greek cu Bible ṭha lo ah an cang
kei, kan Bible lehnak ih kan sirhsanmi Mirang, Hebrew le Greek hnakin kan siar
nuam le theih awl kan Chin Bible versionpawl hi an ṭha sawn kan ti thawn a
bangaw. Thil cang thei lomi a si. Thu hi sau deuhih ruat a ṭul. Ca ṭha
le ca sia tahnak ah siar a nuam maw nuam lo ti'n an tah lai ka thei dah lo.
Chin pacang Pathian hnaṭuantupawl lawngin ca sia le ṭha hi siar nuam le
nuam lo zawngin an tah, mang an ti bang. KJV hi siar har in theih-har hman
sehla Pathian thutak, Thisen thu, Jesui Pathian sinak thu, Virgin Fapa a sinak
thu le thilmakpawl tuisan zumtupawl hnenih simfiangtu dingah Amah Pathian in
thlawsuah a pekzetmi le a hmanzetmi a si ruangah Pathian hmin ka thangṭhat (Version
dang thu pakhat te hman ka rel miah lo, version hmuahhmuah lakih rel tlak umsun
KJV thu lo bak..).
Anti Fundamental=Liberal: Liberal in Pentecostal, Charismatic le
Evangelical hnakin FUNDAMENTAL cu a ralpi zohin a zoh. Cumi lakah Protestant
(Pure Baptist:Fundamental) thawn Khristian sakhuanak ih danglam aw verver Roman
Catholic sakhua cu Liberal pacang ṭha tampi cun an pawlkom thei sawn,
an compromised tinak. Fundamental cun "Bible hi Pathian ṭawngkam,
thupek a si"an ti rero laiah, Anti Fundamental=Liberal cun "Bible
ah Pathian thu hrekkhat a um" an ti daih. Liberal cun
Virgin birth an zum lo tikah Jesu Khrih hi nangmah le keimah vek
fangah an can lo maw! a cuih ka thin! Bible sungih thilmak an zum duh fawn lo.
An thluak ruahnak ih cang thei lomi cu an zum duh lo lawlaw. Cucun Thlarau
Thianghlim le Jesui Thisen hnaṭuan zianghman ah an neih loih an tluak an
rinsan sawn tinak. Corinthians ah cupawl cu Ningzak ko ka tuah ding a ti.
Thlarau hlo an kai ciamco ti nan thei dah maw? Thlarau hlo kai dah lo
khi ziangvek in Pathian hna khal ṭuan khal sehla "Thlaraulam ih
ka/kan pa" ti theih an si lo lawlaw.Politics, Leadership,
Globalization and Popularity lam cu an veizetmi a si, an ṭha lo ka ti lo,
an ṭha tuk, asinan, thlarau lam pa an si thei lo dan ka simfiang duh.
Missionaries: Kan ram ih ram dang ihsin
siangbawi(missionary) in ra tuan saktupawl kan zoh tikah Fundamental Baptist
background le KJV keng ih rak lettu an si tlangpi. Satan cun nasa takin Pathian
kawhhran siatsuah ding in a cangvai ve-ih Khristian hmin kengpawl hmang
tahratin Khristian sakhuanak ah a lem a suah ter vivo. Atu ahcun kan
siangbawipawl ih rak fehpimi Bible teaching method cu an te le fa in kan thlun
nawn lo. Fiangten rel sehla kan 'Liberal' thluh thlang. Kan siangbawipawl a tu
ah hung dam kir bang hai sehla, "Na rin um, ka lo fak, na ti ṭha,
ka lo zirhmi Pathian thu na kenkawlh in na kilhim" an ti dingmi
Rev, Pastor, Evengelist and so-called Siangbawi kan um tam ding ka zum lo.
Ziang thei lo mipi cu hruaitupawl thlun in an feh hmurhmo si. Bible in mipi
hnakin hruaitupawl in thuṭhennak a let in an tawng ding a ti.
Anti KJV: Dr. Jacob L Chelli in, Anti KJV
Anti Christ a rak ti dah. Zingzawitupawl in KJV tlukih
rinsan tlak an hmuh lo tikah Anti KJV Anti Christ an tinak a si.
Anti-Fundamental cu Liberal a si vekin KJV dotupawl cu NIV le TEV hmang
rerotupawl an si (Liberal ka ti lo). Ka professor pakhat cun
'NIV and TEV are Anti-KJV' a ti cuteh. Zo an/nan si khal le NIV le TEV na hmang
a si ahcun Pathian thutak um kimnak le himnakbik KJV na hnawl
sawn tinak a si.
Ka Zahpi lo: Paul in a renmi a theihfiang tikah
"ka zahpi lo" a timi kan thei cio. Kei khalin Liberal ziang a si ti
ka theihfeng lawng si loin Fundamental hi ka theihfeng ve ruangah Fundamental
thurin hi ka zahpi lo, "You are a fundamentalist" titu
ka neih lo hi ka ning a zak sawn. Mai sinak zahpi, rel ngam lole stand hmunhma
neilopawl khi hruaitu dingah na hril pang pei. Lo fehpinak ding lamzin an thei
hla taktak lo ding. Liberal pacang (Bible zum thluh duhlo) sihnak in
Fundamental pacang (Bible hi Pathian ṭawngkam a si titu) si ka hril sawn.
Fundamental le KJV: Fundamental-pawl cun KJV an hmangbik
ticu zo cio khalih el theih rual a si lo. Ih, Fundamental le KJV cu feh tlang
ringring, nupa vek an si an rak tinak a si. An ṭhen aw thei lo. Asinan,
tulai kan ram Fundamental ka si tiawpawl zoh rero tikah KJV hmang an um tuk
loih Fundamental si an duh tuk nan an si taktak thei fawn lo ti'n hrekhat cun
an hmu. Fundamental a si taktak mi cun a zumnak, a tuahsernak le a hmanmi Bible
Version khalah a sinak a langter ngam ding. NIV le TEV hmangbik rengreng
Fundamental a si thei lo lawlaw. Kaa lawng ih Fundamental an si. Kaa cun ZUU ka
in lo a ti, asinan, a taktak ahcun zuu a in fawn. Cucu zuu in lo a silo, zuu
inmi a si. Cubangin kaa lawngin Fundamental an tiaw ih a taktak ahcun KJV hmang
loin NIV, TEV an hman ruangah cupawl cu Fundamental ti an si lo lawlaw, anmah
le anmah an ti awk khal le zum ding an si lo. Zoh liam hai men ding. Liberal
pacang in TEV le NIV a hmang cu a hman ding rori a si, uar a um lawlaw, rel ding
dang a um lo. Nan, Fundamental ka si tiaw si KJV hmang loin TEV le NIV hmang
sehla Liberal ka si ti'n a tiaw duh ding fawn lo, uar um lo bikpawl an si.
Stand nei lo milai mi pitling ngaignai hmuh ding an har. Liberal ka si ti len
an tiaw duh fawn lo. Cuvek cu hrekkhat in Pa-lap an si an ti
ka thei culci thlang. Kei ka hmuhdan ahcun Liberal lam deuhin TEV le Liberal hi
an uar ih Fundamental in KJV kan duh cunco. Na duhmi le na ei-thawtmi in zo na
si timi a langter. Curuangah, KJV le Fundamental a ṭhen aw thei lo. (Hsn:
Himi ka relmi hi EV hman thu ah a si)
Bible Theihkauhnak ah: Bung zate kawm ah 1189, cang zate kawm
ah 41173, Thuthlung Hlun bung 929, Thuhtlung Thar bung 260, Thuthlung Hlun cang
33,214, Thuthlung Thar cang 7959, Thuthlung Hlun ṭawngfang umzat 593,393,
Thuthlung Thar ṭawngfang 181,253, ṭawngfang zaten 774,746. Cang
saubik Esther 8:9, cang tawi bik Jn 11:35, bung saubik Sam 119, bung tawibik
Sam 117.
Bible ngan hmaisabik
ah bung-cang ṭhen a rak si lo. Bung ṭhen hmaisabiktu cu Stephen Langton (Kum zabi 12 neta lamih Canterbury ih Archbishop). Cardinal Hugo in tui ṭawng dangih lehmi Biblepawl ih kan neih vekin
kum zabi 13 ah Thuthlung Hlun bung a rak ṭhen. Thuthlung Thar cang cu Robert Stephanus, 1551 a um.
Dr John R Rice in, "I'm
a Fundamentalist, so what" a ti bangin le Midum pakhat in "What
is Wrong Being Black," a ti bangin Pathian thu hmundan le pawmdan
dangdang neitu lakah keikhal I'm a fundamentalist ka tiaw ngam lo asile Fundamental ka si lo tinak.
Mai' sinak zahpitu cu
mipi tamsawn rinsan an hlawh dah lo.
Lungawi!
Lalpa'n Stand nei ko
lo tuahve hram seh,
Ngantu
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
KJV IH THLUN MI
RECEIVED TEXT/TR HI KHUAHLAN PI IHSI RUNG
UM VIVO MI A SI
Timothy Sui Lian Mang
TEXT THU RELNAK IH HMAN MI TAWNGFANGPAWL
SIMFIANGNAK
(Basic
Terminology of the Textual Debate)
Kut ih ngan mi(manuscripts)
Tawngfangpawl Simfiangnak
Manuscript
=
Bible kha an kut roriih ngan a si,
cumi cu Manuscript tiah an ko. Cui
kut ih ngan mi pakhat hnakih tam cu a tawi zawngin MSS an ti ih, pakhat lawng a asile MS tiah an ti.
Autograph = Bible ngantu ih a ngan mi rori
pakhat te (original manuscript)
kawhnak a si.
Autographa = Bible ngantu ih kut ih ngan mi pakhat hnak tam (original manuscripts) le tampi kawhnak a si.
Apograph = A hrampi kut ngan kawhnak asinan, atu ah original hmuh ding a um nawn lo tikah, atu ih kut ngan hmuh thei mi
(manuscripts) relnak ah hman a si.
Extant
= A um mi (existing) tinak a si. Extant
manuscript ti cu atu ih a um mi kut
ngan cazual (existing manuscript)
tinak a si.
Codex =
Latin tawng a si ih, cangan mi keh lam ihsi vawrh lamih cazual a si. Thuthlung
Hlun le Thuthlung Thar hi cazual parih ngan a si. Can a rung feh vivo tikah ca
ngan mi hi cabu ih ngan a si thlang. Cazual tam relnak ah cun codices ti a si.
Codex Vaticanus
= Vaticanus cazual tinak a si.
Codex Alexanrinus = Alexanrinus
Cazual tinak a si.
Lectionaries = Bible manuscripts cu an si lo. Asinan
Cathiang sung thu an ngan mi lakkhawmnak cabu a si ih, an thupi zet. Lectionaries hi Greek Orthodox Kawhhran in a khawmawknak cabu ah an hmang. Tui san
ih hla bu a dung lamih Bible siar
ding a um bangin, lectianaries
cu siar ding mi thu tampi ngannak cabu
pawimawh zet a si. Lectionaries a
zate zikte in Received Text an hmang.
Majuscules
= Maniscripts hlunbikpawl cafang tum
hlirih kut ih ngan mi Bible a si. Uncials ti khalih kawh a si.
Miniscule
= Cafang fate hlir ih kut ih ngan mi manuscripts
relnak a si. Cursive ti khalih kawh a
si.
Received Text
thawi a pehtlaiaw mi Tawngfangpawl Simfiangnak
(Terms
Related to the Received Text)
Received Text (RT) =Kum zabi rung
feh vivo ih Kawhhran tamsawn asilole
Kawhhran
zate deuh thaw ih cohlan mi, pawm mi,
hman mi Bible cu mirang tawng in Received Text (a sullam cu cohlan mi text tinak a si) tiih kawh a
si. A tawi zawngin RT ti a si.
Cui Received Text(RT) cu hmin
dangdang a nei. Cupawl tla cu:
Textus Receptus (TR) = Latin tawng a
si ih, Received Text tinak a si.
Kum
zabi 17 laifang hrawng ihsin Greek Bible
an nam tikih kut ngan cabu hlun asilole
cazual hlunolder manuscripts or scrolls
) kawhnak ah Textus Receptus ti tawngfang hi a rung lar
vivo. A tawi zawngin TR ti a
si theu.
Traditional Text
= Hlanhlai pi ihsin Bible zumtupawl
ih run hman vivo mi Greek Biblerelnak
a si ruangah Traditional Text
ti hi mi hrekkhat cun an duhbik sawn. A sullam khal hlanlai ihsi hman mi Text tinak a si.
The Historic Text
= Received Text kawhnak hmin pakhat
an hman mi thotho a si. Kawhhran hmaisabik ihsi Bible zumtupawl ih run hman vivo mi a sizia a sawhkhih.
Byzantine Text
= Atu ih um Received Text ih hman mi manuscripts tampi hi Greece ram Byzantium (Constantinople)
peng ih copy mi an si ruangah Byzantine Text an tinak a si. Greek
Orthodox Kawhhran cun san rung feh vivo ahGreek tawng an hman ruangah Greek
Thuthlung Thar hi an tawng ih leh a tul ve lo.
Asinan an hman kumkhua mi Bible hi Received Text thawn a bangaw, Received Text a si tinak a si. Byzantine ti mi cun Greek Orthodox Kawhhran a
sawhkhih, an Headquarters kha Byzantium (Constantinople) khawmpi ih a um ruangah a si.
The Ecclesiastical Text
= Kawhhran remthat ihsi rung suak
Kawhhranpawl in an hman mi Bible a si ruangah himi hmin khal hi a
hmangtu an um.
Preserved Text:
Pathian in a thu a humhim tiin, Kawhhran hmaisabik ihsi run hman vivo mi Text a si ruangah mi hrekkhat cun Preserved Text tiah an ko.
Syrian Text:
Kawhhran
hmaisabik Syria ram ih umpawl ih hman
mi a si ruangfah Syrian Text tiih kawhnak a si.
Antiochian Tex: Antiok kawhhran pawlih hman mi text a si
ruangah hitiih an kawhnak a si.
Majority Text
= Received Text hmin dang pakhat a si.
Atu ih a um mi
Manuscripts tamsawn
ngaingai in Received Text thawi an bangawk, an sakhat ruangah Majority Text an
tinak a si. Majority Text hmin hin mi a buaiter, ziangahtile san thar ah
Majority Text ti mi pahnih a suak. Pakhat cu Arthur Farstad le Zane Hodges te
ih zohfel (edit)mi a si. Pakhat
sawn cu Maurice Robinson le William Piepont te ih zohfel(edit) mi a si. Hi
Majority Text pahnih hi Received Text thawn an bangaw zet, mal takte lawng
bangawk lonak an nei. Himi sirhsan ih leh mi Bible hi a um lem lo. Received
Text ti khalih kawh hman a duh lo an tampi thlang. Zirnak ah hman deuh a si (David
H.Sorenson, Touch not the Unclean Thing; cahmai 40). 1982 hlanah cun
Majority text ti cu Received Text, Textus Receptus, Tranditional Text,
Byzinetine Text tipawl thawi bangaw ih hman a sinan, 1982 ah Majority Text ti
hmin in Greek Thuthlung Thar a suak tikah Majority Text ti hi Received Text
thawi bangaw ih hman a si nawn lo(Charles L. Surrett, Which Greek Text?:
Surrett Family Publication, NC. p.4).
Cuiruangah
Received Text cu: Textus Receptus, Traditional Text,Historic
Text,
Byzintine Text, Ecclesiatical Text, Majority Text, Preserved Text.
Syrian
Text
ti khalih kawh a si. Kan run zir vivo nak ah cun Received
Text/ TR tin kan hmang vivo ding.
Critical Text
thawi a pehtlaiaw mi Tawngfangpawl Simfiangnak
(Terms Related to the Critical Text)
Critical Text:
Received Text pawmlotu, dotupawl in Greek Text dang an hmang ih, an hman mi Text cu Critical Text tiih kawh a si. Ziangahtile hi hlan ihsin Bible Text sawiseltupawl in an rak
remkhawm rero mi a si ruangah Critical
Text tiih kawh a sinak
san a si. Critical Text cu
cawkcawrawi mi manuscripts a si ih, a
cancanah cun tahthim ci si lo, bangaw lo lawlaw a um hnuaihni.
Ecletic Text
: Critical Text hi Ecletic Text ti khalih kawh a si. Text dangdang ta lakhawm vivo tinak a
si.
Westcott and Hort Text:
Critical Text hi Westcott and Hort Text ti khalih kawh a si. Ziangahtile Westcott
le Hort ih tuah mi ihsi rung um
vivo a si. Critical Text/Westcott and Hort Text hi cu Alexandrian Text types Vaticanus le Sinaiticus
parih thumaw a si. Hmun hnih khat ah Received
Text ta thawi bangaw a theraw. Critical
Text cu Vaticanus le Sinaiticus Codices parih ding a si.
Nestle-Aland = Nestle-Aland Greek Thuthlung Thar relnak a si
UBSGNT = United Bible Society Greek New
Testament tinak a si.
Modern Text: Critical
Text
hi kum zabi 19 neta lamih suak a si ruangah Modern Text (San Thar Text) ti khalin an ko.
Critical Text
cu Eclectic Text, Westcott and Hort Text,
Modern Text ti khalih kawh an si, pakhat relnak a si. Vaticanus, Sinaiticus (B
le Aleph) tipawl khal hi Critical Text relnak an a si.
B
: Vaticanus cu “B ” tiin
hmin an sak.
Aleph : Sinaiticus cu Aleph tiin
hmin an sak.
Bible
Thu ih Tawngfang Hman Mipawl Simfiangnak
Version
= Leh Mi Bible
Canonization
= Kawhhranpawl in Cathiang tiih Cathiang bupawl
nemhngehnak
Atawi
zawngih Ngandan Hrekkhat
CT = Critical Text
W-H = Westcott and Hort
KJV = King James
Version
NKJV = New King James
Version
MT =Nasoretic Text
(Hebrew Thuthlung Hlun)
NASV = New American
Standard Version
NIV = New International
Version
RSV = Revise Standard
Version
TEV = Today’s English
Version
RT = Textus Receptus
RT = Received Text
MS = Manuscript
(Pakhat relnak)
MSS= Manuscripts
(Pakhat hnak tam relnak)
KHUAHLAN BIBLE LEH
MIPAWL IN RECEIVED TEXT/TR HI KHAUHLAN IHSI
RUN HMAN VIVO MI A SIZIA A NEMHNGET:
Critical Text(CT) cawisangtupawl
in Editor-pawl (Bible remkhawmtupawl) an um ih, cupawl cun manuscripts-pawl
hmun dangdang ihta lakhawm tahratin Greek Text an tuah men mi a si tiah an
zum. Received Text/TR cu kum zabi 4
hlanah hmuh ding a um lo ih, zohman in an hmang lo. Curuangah Received Text/TR
Thuthlung Thar Bible an ngan hmaisabik (original) run aiawhtu a si thei
hrimhrim lo tiah an ti. Cuhnakin Westcott le Hort in, “ Alexandrian text sawn
hi Bible kut ih ngan mi hmaisabik aiawhtu, naih biktu a si sawn,” tiah an ti(Brooke
Foss Westcott and Fenton John Anthony Hort, Introduction to the New Testament
in the Original Greek with Notes on Selected Readings, (London: Macmillan &
Co., 1882; reprint, Peabody, Mass: Hendrickson, 1988, cahmai 115).
Khuahlan
Kawhhranpawl in Greek Thuthlung Thar
hi anmai tawng in an let
nasa. Cui an leh mi Bible cu Greek Manuscripts an leh mi an si, cui an
Bible-pawl
cu Erasmus ih run khawm mi TR Greek Bible thawi a bangawk a
si
ah cun TR hi hlan laipi ihsi an run
hman vivo mi Greek Bible a si/ an
bangaw ti nemhngettu a si. Cutiih an leh mi Bible
cu atu ah an um maw? Um
tuk lai e.
1.
Itala Bible: Ruahsual theu mi cu Latin ti le Italy ti pohpoh hi cu Roman
Catholic thawi hmunkhat si dingih zum hi a si. Italy sak lamah khin kum zabi pahnih lai ihsi khan Kawhhran a
rak ding ih, Italic Kawhhran tiih
kawh an si. Roman Catholic thawi
pehtlaihawknak nei lo lawlaw an si. Cui hmunih Kawhhran rung um vivo cu neta
lamah Vaudois tile Waldenses tiih kawh le theih an si. A
sullam cu an umnak hmun cawi in ‘Phaikuam minungpawl’ tinak a si. Cui
Kawhhranpawl cun A.D. 120 ah
Thuthlung Thar an suah ih, Received Text
ihsin an leh mi a si. (Frederick Henry
Scrivener, A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament, 2d
ed.(Cambridage, Deighton, Bell & Co., 1874), 2:43)). John Calvin-ih hnatuanpi Theodore in khaih Italic Kawhhran hi A.D.
120 ih ding a si tiah a ti (McClintock
and Strong, Encyclopedia, s.v. “Waldenses”). Athupi mi cu himi Itala Bible hi Received Text ihsi leh mi a si. (Kenyon, Our Bible and yhe Ancient Manuscripts, New York: Harper
Brothers, 1895, 19510, cahmai 169-171). Cucu Kawhhran thuanthu thiam
hminthang Frederick Nolan in a nemhnget ve. (Frederick Nolan, An Inguiry into the
Integrity of the Greek Vulagate: or Received Text of the New Testament (London:
F.C.& J.Rivington, 1815, xvii, xviii).
Hi
Bible an leh kum cu Thuthlung Thar Bible ngantupawl in an ngan theh hnu kum
100 hman kim lo deuh ah an let tinak a si. Curuangah Received Text hi Kawhhran hmaisapawl hin an hmang zo ti a fiang.
Hman a tlak lo mi Manuscripts cu an
let hrimhrim lo ding ti khal zum lo ding rual a si lo.
2.
Peshitta Bible: A
dang khuahlan leh mi Bible cu Syrian
Peshitta
Thuthlung Thar a
si. Syria Antioch ah khan
dungtluntupawl kha Khristian tiih kawh an si kha kan cing cio ko ding.
Cuitlunah Paul le Barnabas missionary ih thlahtu Kawhhran khal an si, Apo. 13:1-4. Kum zabi
pakhatnak le a hrek hrawng tiang hi Antioch
Kawhhran hi leilung tlunih Kawhhran langsar le cak an si. Syria ram ih Kawhhran tampi dinsuaktu Kawhhran pi an si. Syria
Thuthlung Thar hi A.D. 150 ih leh mi
a si (Westcott and Hort, Introduction to
the New Testament, 143). Hi an leh mi hi ‘the Peshitta Version’ tiah an ko. Hort khal in hi leh mi Bible
hi Received Text thawi bangaw a si
tiah a ti (David H. Sorenson, Touch not
the unclean Thing, Northstar Baptist Miunistries, 2002, cahmai 80). Hi Bible hi Syrian Kawhhran hmuahhmuah ih an hman mi Bible a si. Cumi cu Greek
Manuscripts-pawl thawi naiaw zet a
si. Received Text thawi a bangawk ruangah himi khuahlan Bible Peshitta version hin Received Text cu khuahlan pi ihsi hman mi a sizia a nemhnget. Critical Text cawisangtu lakih pakhat Burkitt in Peshitta Version hi cu
kum zabi panga lam lawngih an leh mi a si tiah tan a la nan, Syria ram ih Kawhhranpawl in Peshitta Bible hi hlanlai pi ihsi an rak hman zozia cu el theih a rak si lo
(David Sorenson, p 81))
3.
Gothic Bible: Gothic
Bible khalin Received Text/TR hi
lehhnuhpi
ih hmuhsuahcawp
le ngan neta men a si lo ti a langfiangter ve. Goths-mipawl hnenih missionary
tuan Bishop Ulfilas in Gothic hi A.D. 350 ah Greek ihsi a
leh mi a si. Gothic tawng hmangtupawl
hi German mi hrekkhat an si ih, Zurup
laili ih um an si. Frederic Kenyon in
1912 ah, “Gothic Bible sung thu hi Greek Majority Manuscripts vek a si tiah
a ti. A ti duhsan cu Received Text
sirhsan ih leh mi a si a tinak a si (Frederic
Kenyon, Handbook to the Textual Criticism of the New Testament, 2d ed. Grand
RapidsL Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1951, cahmai 240). Curuangah Received Text/RT hi neta lamih suak men
si loin khuahlanpi ihsi um zo, hman zo mi a si ti a fiang. Dr. D.A.Waite in Received
Text/TR hi rin tlak a sizia, khuahlan ihsi rung um vivo le tawng dangdang
ih an leh mi Bible a sizia tanfung 37
in a hnuai lam vekih a tarlang mi hi mitvangtertu pakhat a si.
A.
Apostol San ah Received
Text an hmang(A.D. 33-100):
(1)
Apostol
Kawhhran hmuahhmuah in Received Text
an hmang.
(2)
Palestine Kawhhran
hmuahhmuah in Received Text an hmang.
(3)
Antioch Syrian Church in Received Text
an hmang.
B.
Kawhhran Hmaisapawl in Received Text an hmang (A.D
100-312).
(4) Peshitta Syriac Version (A.D. 150) hi Received Text leh mi a si.
(5) Payrus #66 hin Received Text
a hmang.
(6)
Italy sak lam ih Italic Kawhhran(A.D. 157)
in Received Text an
hmang.
(7)
France ram thlang lamih um Gallic Kawhhran (A.D. 177) in
Received Text an hmang.
(8)
Great Britain ih Celtic Kawhhran in Received
Text an hmang.
Ziangah
Italy, France le Great Britain ih Kawhhranpawl khan Received Text sirhsan in Bible
an let a si pei? Ziangahtile rinsan tlak mi Pathian thu a si ruangah a si, cucu
an rak thei. Khaih Kawhhranpawl kha A.D
150 hrawng mi an si. Thuthlung Thar cu A.D.
90-100 ah an thehfel zo. Kawhhran hmaisapawl cun a original rori khal an siarngah, an ngansawngsin mi ziang a dikbik,
rinsan a tlak bik ti khal an theifiang. Curuangah a dik le rin tlak mi lawng an
hmang ih, an let.
(9)
Scotland le Ireland Kawhhran in Received
Text an hmang.
(10)
Waldension Kawhhran hlanih mipawl in Received text an
hmang.
(11)
Waldensian (A.D. 120 le neta lam khalah) in Received
Text an hmang.
C.
Byzantine San ah Received Text an hmang(A.D. 312-1453)
(12) Gothic
Bible (kum zabi 4) hi Received Text
sirhsan ih leh mi a si.
(13) Kum zabi 4 asilole 5 ih Codex of Matthew hi Received Text a si.
(14) Kum zabi 5-nak ih “Codex A” ih Thuthangtha pali pawl hi
Received Text a si.
(15)
Atu ih a um mi Greek Manuscripts
tamsawn hi Received Text a si(The vast majority of extant New Testament
manuscripts all used the Received Text).
Leitlun ih Greek
manuscripts a um mi hmuahhmuah ih za ah
sawmkua
le pakua (99%) cu Received Text a si.
Manuscripts 5255 a um ih, cumi lakah
5210 cu bangaw Received Text an si
tinak a si.
(16)
Greek Orthodox Kawhhran in Received Text an hmang. An
thurin hi lungkimpi thluh an
si lo nan, an Kawhhran pumpi
in kum 1000 sung
Received Text an hmang.
(17)
Tui san Greek Kawhhranpawl khalin Received Text an hmang
lai
thotho. Dr. Waite in Israel ka tlawn tum ah Greek Orthodox Kawhhran ah ka khawm ih,
an hman mi Greek cu Received Text a si. Westcott
le Hort teh nan thei maw? tiah ka sut
hai ih, thei e, rinsan tlak a si lo ih kan hmang duh lo, Received Text hi kan hmang tiah in ti a si.
D.
San Thar Kawhhran San ah Received Text hman a si.
(18)
Kawhhran remthat can ih Kawhhran hmuahhmuah in
Received Text an hmang.
(19)
Eramus Greek New
Testament
(1516) in Received Text a hmang.
(20)
Complutension
Polyhlot
(1522) in Received Text a hmang.
Hihi
Roman Catholic Cardinal Ximenes in a edit, asinan Roman Catholic-pawlih an hman zet mi Westcott le Hort hi Greek Text sirhsan ih leh mi a si lo
(21)
Martin Luhar
German Bible
(122) in Received Text a hmang.
(22)
William Tyndale
Bible
(1525) in Received Text a hmang.
(23)
Oliveton-ih Frence Bible in Received Text a hmang.
(24)
Coverdale Bible (1535) in Received Text a hmang.
(25)
Matthews Bible (1537) in Received Text a hmang.
(26)
Yaverners Bible (1539) in Received Text a hmang.
(27)
The Great Bible (1539-1541) in Received Text a hmang.
(28)
Stephenus Greek
New Testament (1546-14551)
in Received Text a hmang.
(29)
Geneve Bible (1568) in Received Text a hmang.
(30)
Bishop Bible (1568) in Received Text a hmang.
(31)
Spanish Bible (1569) in Received Text a hmang.
(32)
Beza Greek New
Testament
(1598) in Received Text a hmang.
Himi
Beza Greek New Testament 1598, 5th
Edition hi King James Bible an leh laiih an sirhsan mi Greek Bible cu a si.
(33)
Czech Bible (1602) in Received Text a hmang.
(34)
Italian Diodati Bible (1607) in Received Text a hmang.
(35)
King James Bible (1611) in Received Text a hmang.
(36)
Elzevir
Brothers’ Greek New Testament (1624) in Received Text a hmang.
(37)Thuthlung
Thar Received Text hi Received Text a si-Bible an ngan
ihsi peh vivoih rung um Received Text a si. Bible ngantupawl
ih an ngan mi original naibik cu received Text hi a si (D.A.Waite, DFENDING THE KING JAMES BIBLE,
The Bible for Today Press, Collingswood, New Jersey 08108, 2002, cahmai 44-48).
San
Thar can ih Zurup Ram ih Received Text
Sirhsan ih leh mi Bible hrekkhatpawl:
Awedish Uppsala Bible
1514,
Danish Christian Bible 1550,
Icelandic Thuthlung Thar 1584,
Slovenian Bible 1584,
Irish Bible 1685
Frence Geneva Bible 1588
Welsh Bible 1588
Hungarian Bible 1590
Italian Diodati Bible 1607
Dutch Statenvertaling Bible 1637
Finnish Bible 1642
Syrian Bible 1645
Armenian Bible
1666
Romanian Bible 1688
Latvian Bible 1689
Lithuanian Bible 1735
Estonian Bible 1739
Georgian Bible 1743
Portuguese Bible 1751
Gaelic Bible 1801
Serbo Croatian Bible 1832
Albanian Bible 1827
Slovak Bible 1832
Norwegian Bible 1834
Russian Bible 1865
Yiddish Bible 1821
Turkish Bible 1827
Bulgarian Bible 1864
(David
H. Sorenson, Touch not the unclean thing, Northstar Baptist Ministries, Duluth,
MN 55811-1878, 2002, cahmai 84)
Received Text
sirhsan ih American Indian Bible Leh
mipawl Hrekkhat
A hnuaiih North American Indian miphun tawng
dangdang in Received Text hi leh a si.
Pequo Bible 1663
Mohawk
Bible 1787
Eskimo Bible 1810
Delaware Bible 1818
Seneca Bible 1819
Cherokee Bible 1829
Ojibway Bible 1842
Dakota Bible 1839
Ottawa Bible 1841
Shawnee Bible 1842
Pottawotomi
Bible 1844
Abenaqui
Bible 1844
Nez
Perce Bible 1845
Choctaw Bible 1848
Yupik Bible 1848
Micmac Bible 1853
Plains Cree Bible 1861
Muskogee Bible
1886
(David H. Sorenson, Touch not the unclean
thing: Northstar Baptist Ministries, Duluth, MN 55811-1878, 2002, cahmai 84).
Asia
ram le ram dang hrekkhat ih Received Text
sirhsan ih leh Mi Bible hrekkhat
A hnuaiih tarlang mi tawng dangdang ih
leh mi Bible hi Received Text sirhsan ih leh mi an si:
Malay Bible1734
Persian le Arabic Bible 1800
Kawl Bible
(Judson leh mi) 1835
Bengali
Bible 1809
Oriya
Bible 1815
Marathi
Bible 1821
Kashmiri
Bible 1821
Nepali
Bible 1821
Sanskrit
Bible 1822
Gujarathi
Bible 1821
Panjabi
Bible 1825
Bihari
Bible 1828
Kannada
Bible 1831
Assamese Bible 1833
Hindi Bible
1835
Urdu Bible
1843
Telegu Bible
1854 a dang India tawng 35 in Received Text leh a si.
Sierra
Leone Bible 1816
Pakistan
ih Saraiki Bible 1819
Faloe tikulh
ih Faroe Bible 1823
Suriname
ih Stranam Bible 1829
Indonesia
ih Javanese Bible 1829
Bolivia
ih Aymara Bible 1829
Indonesia
ih Malay Bible 1835
Tuluk
ih Manchu Bible 1835
Madagascar
ih Malagasy Bible 1835
Gambia
ih Mandinka Bible 1837
Hawaiian Bible 1838
Mongolian Bible
1840
Criea Tlang ih Karaite Bible 1842
Russia
ih Azebaijani Bible 1842
Cameroon
ih Subu Bible 1847
Kawl Ram ih Mon Bible
1847
Maltese Bible
1847
Russia
ih Udmurt Bible 1847
Belize Nicaragua
ih Garifuna Bible 1847
Russia
ih Ossete Bible 1848
Equatorial Guinea
ih Bube Bible 1849
Guyana
ih Arwak Bible 1850
Cook Tikulh ih Maori Bible
1851
Indonesia
ih Tontemboan Bible 1852
Somoan Bible
1855
Africa
ih Sesotho Bible 1855
South Africa
ih Setswana Bible 1857
Spain ih
Basque Bible 1857
Nigeria
ih Hausa Bible 1857
Africa
ih Nama Bible 1866
New Zealand
ih Maori Bible 1858
Indonesia ih Dayak Bible 1858
South Africa
ih Isixhosa Bible 1859
Kawl Ram ih Karen Bible
1860
Izip
ih Nubian Bible 1860
Nigeria
ih Igbo Bible 1860
Nigeria
ih Efik le Yoruba Bible 1862
Tibetan Bible
1862
Ghana
ih Ga Bible 1866
Africa
ih Tonga Bible 1862
Ghana
ih Twi Bible 1863
Africa
ih Isizulu Bible 1865
Tonga
ih Niuean Bible 1866
New Caledonia
ih Dehu Bible 1868
Africa
ih Benga Bible 1871
Africa
ih Ewe Bible 1877
Indonesia
ih Batak Bible 1878
Thai
Bible 1883
A tlunih tarlang mi Bible-pawl hi Received Text sirhsan ih leh mi an si theh, asinan ziangmazawt cu
neta lamah Critical Text thlun ih run
rem mi an um (David H. Sorenson, Topuch
not the unclean thing: Northstar Baptist Ministries, Duluth, MN 55811-1878,
2002, cahmai 84).
Zurup
Ram ih hmaisa lamih Bible leh mipawl
hi Received Text an si
France
thlang lam ih Gallic Kawhhran (A.D. 177),
Great Britain
ih Celtic Kawhhran,
Scotland
le Ireland Kawhhran,
Kum
zabi pali asilole panga ih Codex W Mathai,
Kum
zabi panga laiih Codex A thuthangtha
pali,
Atu
ih a um mi Greek N.T manuscripts
tamsawnpawl (A.D. 312-1453),
Kawhhran
remthat can ih Bible hmuahhmuah,
Erasmus Greek
Thuthlung Thar 1516 le a neta ih a suah mi khal,
Luther German Bible,
Olivetan
ih French Bible 1535,
Coverdale Bible
1535,
Matthew’s Bible
1537,
Taverner’s Bible,
1557-1560,
Bishop’s Bible,
1568,
Spanish Bible,
1569,
Beza-ih
Greek Thuthlung Thar, 1598 le a dang
a run edit-bet mi khal,
King James Bible,
1611
Pathian in a thu a
kilhim, a humhim ih kum 1500 sung hmuahhmuah hi Received Text/ TR lawng tawng dangdang in leh a siang ti hi a
fiang. Tlaikhawhnupi ih rung suak mi Critical
Text hi Received Text hnakih hlun
sawn a si ih, rinsan tlak sawn a si ti zumdan hi cu thil cang thei a si lo. TR hi rin tlak lo, corrupt text si sehla Thiang Thlarau in 1500 kum sung hmuahhmuah a
thu lehter a siang hrimhrim lo ding.
Ni suahnak lam
Kawhhranpawl in Received Text hi an
ngansawngsin vivo
Rom Empire pi cu a kau vivo ih, Ni tlaknak
lam, an khawpi cu Rom tiin le Ni suahnak lam, an khawpi cu Constantinople tiin an thenaw. Neta lamah cun cui Ni suahnak lam cu
Byzantium tiih theih a si ih, “Byzantine” tiih kawh a si. Byzantine san Kawhhran cu netabik ah Greek Orthodox Kawhhran ah an rung cang.
Lunglutza a si mi cu Greek Orthodox
Kawhhran hin tuini tiangin Received Text
hi an hmang. Cuiruangah Received Text
hi Byzantine Text ti khalih kawh a
si. Byzantine Empire pi hin, Byzantine Kawhhran thawn, A.D. 453 – 1453 sung Constantinople (Byzantium) ihsin a uk. Byzantine
uknak ram cu Islamic Turks in 1453 ah
a do ih a lak. Asinan, Byzantine
uknak can kum 1000 sungah Ni suahnak lam Orthodox
Kawhhran in Greek Thuthlung Thar manuscripts tampi an rak ngansawngsin,
tuini ah an ngansawngsin mi cu hmuh ding tampi a um (David H. Sorenson, Touch not the unclean thing; cahmai 88)
Received
Text/TR hi rinsan tlak a sizia, Kawhhran
hmaisabik ihsin an hman mi a sizia Fiangtertu Thu 3:
(1)
Manuscripts (Kut ngan
capawl)
(2)
Leh
Mi Khuahlan Bible-pawlpawl (Ancient
versions)
(3)
Kawhhran
palepawlih cangan mipawl
1.Manuscripts (Kut ngan capawl) in an
fiangter.
Chester Beatty Papyri
kha (1933-33) ah nam a si ih, cui kum
zabi
3 laiih kut ngan ca lakkhawm mi in Received
Text/TR a lungkimpi, a
nemhnget.
Zuntz (1953) in a hliakhlainak ih a
hmuhsuah mi hitin a ngan: “Thlai
khawhnupi
ih run lakkhawm mi a si ding tiih rak
ruah mi ‘Byzantine hmun
tampi
ta, a zate deuh thaw in Papyri 46 ah
cun an um tariai.” A simbet hrih mi
cu,
“A rualpi Manuscript Papyri 45 khalah
cuvek a si thotho; thimnak ah, Mat.
26:7
le Apo. 17:13,” tiah a ti (The Text of
the Epistles, G. Zuntz, London: Oxford University Press,
1953, Cahmai 55).
1956-1962 ih nam mi Bodmer Papyri
khalah cuvek a si thotho.
Birdsall
in 1960 ah, “John-ih Bodmer Papyri (Papyrus 66) ah Byzantine Text
sung
thu hi malte men a um a si lo,” tiah a ti (D.A.
Waite, The King James Version Defended;
cahmai 171).
Metzger in 1962 ah Papyri 45, 46 le 66 pawl in Received Text
(Byzinetine) an lungkimpizia zohthim ding
thu 23 lai a tarlang. Papyri 75
khalah
hmun tampi ah Received Text a lungpizia a um (Lucian and the Lucianic
Recension
of the Greek Bible,” by B.M. Metzger, NTS, Vol.8, (1962), Cahmai
202-203).
Atu ah leilung tlunah Greek Bible kut ngan mi (Greek Manuscripts)
hi 1967 vekin 5255 a um/ hmuh a
si). Cui
manuscripts-pawl cu:
(1) Papyri (2) minuscules (3) cursives (4) lectionaries
an si.
(a) Papyri
Manuscripts- Papyrus
parih kut ngan Bible :
Papyri manuscript hi atu ah leiltun ah 88 hmuh ding a um ih, zakhat ah
hleinga (15%) lawng in “B” le “Aleph”, Westcott le Hort Greek Text (Critical Text) thawn an bangaw.
Tamsawn
zakhat ah sawmriat le panga (85%) cu Received
Text/TR thawi bangaw an si (D.A.Waite,
DFENEDING THE KING JAMES BIBLE, The Bible for Today Press, 2002, cahmai 54).
Sinaitic Syriac
Manuscript
Sinaitic Syriac Manuscript
hi nunau unau pahnih Mrs Lewis le Mrs Gibson
te in phungki inn St. Catherine Sinai
Tlang ih an hmuhsuah mi a si. Curuangah a hmin khalah hitiih an saknak a si.
Cui Manuscript ah text hlun zet a um. Thimnak ah Received Text/RT sungih um mi Luk. 2:14
Vancungmi hla kha a um. Sawiseltupawl in kum zabi pathumnak hrawngta a si ding
tiah an ti. Cuti a si ah cun TR hi
khuahlanpi ihsi hman mi a si ti a fiang.
Codex W: Hihi Freer Manuscripts of the Gospels (Freer-ih Gospels Manuscripts tinak a si). Cutiih kawh a sinak cu C.L.Freer in 1906 ah Cairo kiang Gizeh ih a lei mi a si ruangah a si. Atu ah Freer Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C ih ret a si. Cumi cu 1912 ah H.A. Sanders in a edit ih, nam a si. Cui cabu sungah Thuthangtha Mathai le Luke
Thuthangtha neta lam thenthum thenkhat cu Received
Text thawi bangaw rori a si. Doden
in 1906 ah Received Text hlunbik a si
tiah a ti. Codex W sungih Received Text um mi hin, hi Received Text/TR hi khuahlan Text, kum zabi pali hlanah Izip ram ih
an rak hman zo mi a si ti a fiang (The
Washington Manuscript of the Four Gospels, by H.C. Sanders, New York:
Macmillan, cahmai 41).
Codex
A : Received Text sawiseltupawl hrangih pawimawh zet le tansan zet mi a
si ih, kum zabi 5th hrawng ta siih zum a si. Cui manuscripts cu England Siangpahrang hnenah Constaninople
khawpi pa ih ruah mi Cyril Lucar in
1627 ah a pe ih, cumi cu Thuthlung Thar manuscript
hlunbik si ih kum tampi sung ruah a si. Codex
A sungih Apostolpawlih Cangvainak Cabu le Cakuatpawl cu Alexandrian Text – A le Aleph thawi bangawknak a tam zet. Asinan, Thuthangtha pali pawl
ve thung ah cun Received Text/TR thawn
an bawngaw. Cuti asile Codex A cu Received
Text/TR hi khuahlan ihsi um zo a sizia fiangtertu pakhat a si lala.
(b)Uncial Manuscripts
– Cafang naihaw theh in cafang tum hlir ih ngan mi Greek Manuscript a si. Punctuation
a um lo ih, cafang karlak hlatawknak um riai loih ngan mi a si. Uncial Manuscript hlun zetzet khal a um
ih, a thar khal tampi a um. Atu ah leilung tlunah Uncial manuscripts 267 a um ih, cumi lakih 9 lawng hi Critical Text/W-H Text thawi bangaw mi
an si (3% tinak a si). Cui 267 lakih 258 cu Received
Text/TR thawn an bawngaw (97% tinak a si).
(c)Minuscules Manuscripts –
Hipawl hi cafang peh thluh ih kut ih ngan mi an si. Cursive Manuscripts ti khalih kawh a si. Cui Manuscript cu atu leitlun ah 2764 hmuh a si ih, cumi lakih 23 lawng
hin Critical Text/W-H Text thawn an
bangaw (1% tinak a si). A dang 2741 pawl cu Received
Text/TR thawn an bangaw (99%) tinak a si.
(d)
Lectionary Manuscript –
Greek Bible le Latin Bible dung lamih siar dingih an ngan mi
Kawhhran biakkhawmnak ih an siar theu mi a si. Tui sun ih Hla Bu net lamih siar
dingih ngan mi Bible thu vek khi a
si. Thupi zet an si ve. Atu ah leilung tlunah Lectionary 2143 hmuh a si. An zate deuh thaw hin Received Text/TR thawn an bangaw. Critical
Text/ W-H Text lungkimpitu pakhat hman an um ve lo. Khuahlan Kawhhranpawl
hin rinsan tlak lo mi Greek Bible cu
an hmang lo ding si khawh, cui Lectionary
2143 zate deuh thaw ih a lungkimpinak hin Received
Text rinsan tlak a sizia a langfiang. Pakhat te tal khalih Critical Text/W-H Text lungkimpitu a um lozia
hin rin tlak a si lozia kawhhran hmaisa khalin an thei tinak a si.
2.
Leh Mi Khuahlan Bible-pawl in an
fiangter.
Khuahlan ih an leh
mi Bible-pawl hi Greek Bible ihsi an leh mi an si. Peshitta
Syriac Bible hi (A.D.
150) hi Received Text leh mi a si. Italy sak lam ih Italic Kawhhran (A.D.
157) in Received Text a hmang. France ram thlang lamih um Gallic Kawhhran (A.D. 177) in Received Text
a hmang.A tlun tampi kan tarlang zo.
3. Kawhhran Palepawlih Cangan mipawl in a
Fiangter.
Kawhhran Palepawl kan ti mi hi
Kawhharn hmaisa ih Kawhhran hotu, rawngbawltu rinum zetzet Bishop, Pastor an si ih,
kawhhranpawl hnenah ca an kuat theu. Cakuat an ngan tikah an Greek Bible le an Latin Bible sung thu vun la tahratin ca an
ngan theu. Cui Bible sung thu an vun
lakta mi ihsin ziang Bible an hmang
ti a fiangter. Critical Text/ W-H Text
maw, Received Text/TR an hmang ti
fiangtertu tha zet an si ve.
Dean
Burgon in Kawhhran Palepawl ih Bible sung thu an
cakuatnak ih an telh mi
a lakhawm ih 86000 lai a si. Cui cabu cu atu khalah British Museum Library ah a um. Cui cabupawl cu Volume
16 lai a si. Cui cabupawl cu kut ngan in an si lai. Cui cabupawl ah cun A.D. 100-300 karlakih Kawhhran pale 100
hrawng ih ngan mi a um. A.D. 300- 600
karlakih Kawhhran pale 200 hrawngih ngan mi a um. Cui Kawhhran pale 300
hrawngih ngan mi ca ihsi hin an kut ah ziang Bible a um, an hmang ti a fiangter. Cupawl lakah mi 76 pawl cu A.D. 400 hlanih thi an si. Edward Miller in cui cabu pi sung thu a zingzawinak ih a hmuhsuah mi cu
cui Kawhhran pale A.D 400 hlanih
thipawl ih Bible sung thu an lak
mipawl tamsawn cu Received Text/TR ta
an si ti thu a si. Critical Text/ W-T
Text sung ta khal cu a um ve ko. A.D
400 hlanih thi Kawhhran palepawl mi 76-pawl ih an cakuat ngan mi ih Cathiang an
lak mi 4383 lakah 2630 (60%) cu Received
Text/TR ta a si ih, 1753 (40%) cu Critical
Text/W-H Text ta a si. San Thar sawiseltupawl in Received Text hi kum zabi 4 hlanih ca ngan mi ah an telh lo lawlaw
an ti mi cu thuphan a si ti a fiang. Dr.
Moorman in A.D. 110–397 karlak ih
thi Kawhhran palepawlih cangan mipawl ihsin Cathiang an lak mi 401 a khaikhin
tikah 279 cu Received Text/TR an
lungkimpi ih, 114 asilole 122 cun B
le Aleph (W-H Text le Nestle/Aland) an lungkimpi ti a hmusuak (D.A.Waite,
Defending the King James Bible, cahmai 58).
Manuscripts “B” le “Aleph” Zohfelnak
Westcott le Hort dungtluntupawlih sirhsan mi manuscripts pahnih cu B le Aleph
hi a si. B cu Vatican manuscript a si ih, Aleph
cu Sinai manuscript a si. Cupawl
cu cafang naiaw thluh (uncials) ih ngan mi kum zabi 4 ta siih
zum a si. Dr. D.A
Waite
in, “A neitupawl in hmang lem loih an ret men mi a si a zumum tiah a ti.
Hman
lem lo mi a si a zumnak san hitin a rel, ‘Hi manuscripts neitupawl in
rinsan
tlak lo, zirhtusualpawlih cawhrawi thluh zo mi a sizia an thei. Westcott le
Hort
le anmai pawmdan thluntupawl in B le
Aleph hi rinsan tlak, a
cungnung mi
a
si, ziangahtile manuscript hlunbik a
si ih, an dikbik tiah an ti. A taktak ah cun
a
hlunbik le a dikbik an si hrimhrim lo. Zirhtusualpawl ih diklo ko rak tuah
(corrupt) mi an si. Hi manuscripts-pawl siat loih a himnak san
a pakhatnak cu
Izip
ram nikhua in a humhim. A pahnihnak cu Kawhhranpawl in hman tlak loih
an ruah ruangah an hmang lo. Hmang
hai sehla a siat thluh tengteng ding,’” tiah
a ti (D.A. Waite, Cahmai 58).
Vatican Manuscript
(“B ”) cu Vatican Library ih ret a si. Sinai Manuscript
(Aleph) cu St. Catherine phungki umnak inn cahnah siava hlawnnak bawm
sungih
sar a si. Thlatang khawsik hlumawkternak ding meisa sungih hlawn
dingih ret mi an si. German-mi Tischendorf in cui manuscripts
cu St.Catherine
phungki umnak inn ihta cu a
lei. Zirhnaksual kengtupawl ih rak thleng,
danglamter zo mi a si. Tischendorf cu a umnak khua ah a tlung
ih cui
manuscripts
hmang in a Greek Bible edit zo mi cu
hmun tampi a thlengsal.
Tischendorf
ih “B” le Aleph thu a report pek mi Cecil J. Carter
in The Oldest
and
the Best Manuscripts—How Good Are They? ti mi a cabu sungah
hitin a
ngan,
“15000 thleng mi a um a si,” tiin (D.A.Waite, cahmai 59). Cuti a si ah cun
Bible ngantupawlih ngan
vek si nawn lo, 15000 lai thleng mi um mi cu rinsan
tlak
a si thei ding maw?
Hi mi B le Aleph hi
bangawk lonak (kalhawknak) Thuthangtha pali sung vial
hmanah 3000 lai a um a si tiah Hoskier cun a ti (D.A.Waite, cahmai 59). Hort
in an
Greek Bible
thar 1881 thuhmaihruai ah B le
Aleph an pahnih an bawngawk
asile
a
dik a si tiah kan pawm. An bangawk lo asile B
thawi bangaw mi manuscript
dang
pakhat kan hmuh le cucu a dik ah kan pawm lala. Cun B thawi bangaw
manuscript
dang kan hmuh lo asile B lawng kha a
tawk ko tiah kan ruat tiah a ti.
Cuti
asile B kha an duhsawn, an hrilsawn
cia tinak a si. “B” a diksawn ti
nemhngettu
a um cuang lo. Cuvek manuscripts cu a
rinsan tlak lo tinak a si.
Ziangruangah
B kha an ring cuangsawn a si pei? A
san nemhngettu tling tha a
um
lo.
Westcott
le Hort cu Vatican manuscript (B)
parah an thumaw. Cumi cu A.D
350-375 karlak ih ngan mi siih
zum a si. Hi rori hi tiin an hlir ciamco. Burgon
le
Miller te in Kawhhran
Palepawl ih an cangan mi ih Cathianghlim an telh mi
86000 an lakkhawm mipawl a tamsawn cu B le Aleph
hlan ta an si. “A hlunbik
hi a thabik a si,” tiih Westcott le Hort ih an pawmdan hi a dik asile, anmai tuah
mi Westcott le Hort Greek Text
cu a thabik
lo tinak a si. Anmai pawmdan lala
in
anmai Greek Bible tuah mi thiam lo a
coter. Ziangahtile kum
zabi 4 hlanih
Kawhhran palepawl in an cangan
mi ih an lak mi Cathianghlimpawl hi B
le
Aleph
sung ta si lo, Received Text/TR ta a
si. B
le Aleph hi a hlunbik khal an
si
lo ti a fiang. Ignatius
cu A.D 110 ah a thi. A cangan mipawl
sungih Cathiang a
lak
mi pathum cu Received Text/TR ta an
si. Westcott le Hort le an
dungtluntupawl
in Received Text/TR cu neta lamih an ngan mi a si, khuahlan
laiih
an hman mi a si lo ruangah a tha lo, rinsan tlak lo mi a si tiah an ti.
Cuitlunah
A.D. 400 hlanah cangan mipawl ah Received Text/TR sung ta lak mi
an
um lo tiah thuphan rori an rel fawn. Cutiih an ti mi a diklozia cu a tlunah kan
fiangter
zo.King James Version in an leh mi, an
thlun mi Greek Received
Text/TR
hi Kawhhran hmaisabik ihsi an run hman vivo mi a sizia fiangtertu le
nemhngettu
tampi nei hi rinsan tlak bik le a thabik, Pathian ih a humhim mi a
tawngkam
a si.
The “Jesus Papyrus”(
Magdalen GR 17):
A hlun bik le tha bik le rinsan tlak mi manuscripts cu Vaticanus le
Sinaiticus codices an ti tiah Critic-pawl in an ti theu. Hi te pahnih hi Bible
ngantupawlih ngan mi aiawhtu Greek hlun bik leitlun ih um a si tiah an tang.
Cui pawmdan thudik a si lozia cu
Magdalen GR 17 tiih an kawh mi an hmuhsuah thar papyrus in a fiangter. Magdalen
GR 17 cu atu ah Magdalen College, Oxford University ih ret a si. Cui thu report peknak fiangfel zet cu
December 1996 ih the Baptist Reformed Fellowship Journal ah a um.
Weidenfield-Nicolson(England) le Doubleday (Newyork) teih namsuak mi “ The
Jesus Papyrus” ti mi cabu sungah Dr. Carsten Peter Thiede ih ngan mi thu hitin
a um, “Magdalen GR 17 hi ‘Jesu mit rori ih hmutu san ta a si…. Curuangah
Magdalen papyrus GR 17 hi Greek Thuthlung Thar manuscript hlun bik le Leilung
tlunih manuscript thupibik ah a cang,” tiin. Tawng dangih kan sim asile hih
papyrus hi A.D. 60 hrawng ta asilole cuhnakih hlan ta a si thei tinak a si. Kum
zabi 1-nak laifang hrawngih Qumran hmun ih hmuhsuah mi manuscript ih kut
ngandan thawn an bangaw, tiah a Tibet. Cuitlunah cui papyrus hmai lam le dung
lam ah kut ih ngan a si, cu cu kum zabi 1-nak hrawngih ca an ngandan a si.
Magdalen GR 17 ah papyrus
phek parih kut cangan mi phek tete 3 a um ih, cumi cu Mat. 26:7-8,26:10,14-15,
22-23, 31-33 tla an si. Kha Bible cangpawl thu siar tikah
Received Text/TR thawn an bawngaw ta riai. The Baptist Reformed Fellowship
Journal in “ Papyrus Magdalen RG 17 le Received Text/TR thu hitin report a
ngan:
“
GR 17 zohfeltupawl in fiang zetih lang lo zohnak laser-scanning microscope
thawn an zoh, an tawlrel tikah zingzawitupawl in papyrus parih cangan mi Greek
ca cu fiangter an hmusuak thei. Cui Greek Bible ngan mi tetepawl cu Westcott –
Hort Greek Bible, Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece 27th Edition
thawn an khaikhin/thim tikah an bangawk lozia a fiang tuk lawmmam.
Cabu
suahtu Thiede le D’Ancona te in manuscript GR 17 parih um Mat. 26 :22
Greek tawngfang 4 te lasuak tahrat in Westcott-Hort Greek Bible le a tefa
Critical Text dang Nestle-Aland le United Bible Society Greek New Testament
pawl thawi an bangawk lozia an tarlang.
Greek Bible phun hnih Westcott-Hort le received Text/TR thawn Papyrus GR 17
parih ngan mi cu khaikhin hnik sehla a bangawk lozia cu a fiang zet.
Mat. 26 :22
netabik tawngkam pa 4 te
Westcott-Hort
…….legein auto heis hekastos)
Papyrus GR
17…….( legein
auto hekastos auton)
Textus
Receptus…...( legein
auto hekastos auton)
Papyrus GR 17 hi kum
zabi 4 hrawngih hmuhsuah mi, a hlun bik le a rinumbik a ti mi hnakih hlun sawn
Papyrus GR 17 cu Received Text/TR thawn an bangaw tariai. Cucun Received
Text/TR rinsan a tlak sawn zia, cumi thlun ihn leh mi Bible rinsan an tlak sawn
ti nemhngettu pakhat a si
(Dr. Jeffrey Khoo,
The KJV-NIV Debate, Far Eastern Bible College Lecture Notes, Singapore, 98, p.
28).
Sinai
le Vatican manuscripts-pawl hi kum zabi 4 hlanih kawhhranpawl ih an
rak
hnawn mi, rinsan tlak lo a si tiih an siar lo mi aiawhtu manuscripts malte
an
si. Pathian ih a thu a kilkhawi le kilhimnak hnuaiah hipawl hnakih
manuscripts
rinumsawn cu karhter, san khat hnu san khat kawpi (copy) vivo
a
si. Atu ih a um mi manuscripts tam
sawn (bangaw, lungkimpiaw, cucu
Received Text
hi a si) hi rinsan tlak text sersuah
mi, cucu Byzantine san
(A.D. 312-1453) Grik kawhhran pumpi ih
nemhngeh mi a si. Cui Text cu
Erasmus, Stephens
le kum zabi 16 ih Greek Thuthlung
Thar khawmtupawl
ih
neih mi manuscripts-pawl (an neih
sunte) in a aiawh a si. A umzia cu an
neih
mi kha hlanlaiih an rak hman mi Bible
a si tinak a si. Cui rinsan tlak mi
Greek Bible
cu King James Bible lettupawlih an rak tlun mi Bible a si. Kan
ram
ah cun Kawl Bible, Mon Bible, Karen Bible hi a si ih, kan Lai tawng
khalin
siar ding tha nei sehla ti hi duhthusam a si e. Atu ah Bibles
International
pawlih hohatnak in Hakha tawng, Matu tawng, Zotung tawng,
Bual
Khaw tawng pawl in Thuthlung Thar an let rero ih, 2012 sungah
namsuak ding mi tla an um. Tedim
tawng le Hakha tawng cun Thuthlung
Thar
a suak zo ih, mipi ih hman rero a si. Atu ah Tedim tawng le Falam
tawng in Thuthlung Hlun tawlrel rero lai a si ih,
Thuthlung Thar khal remsal
rero
a si. Atu ah Rawang tawng le Akha tawng khalih let dingin an tawlrel
rero laifang a si.
BIBLE PHUN HNIH RUNG UM VIVO DAN
Pathian Tawngkam run ngansawng(copy) Vivo Dan
W-H TEXT KUM(A.D) RECEIVED TEX/TR
* *
*
100………………….Kawhhran Hmaisa
*
200…………………..Peshitta Bible
* 300 *
Sinaiticus/Vaticanus………...
400
*
*
500………………….CD Alexandrinus
* 600………………….CD Basiliensis
*
700……………….Maniscript
Manuscripts
800
tampi
malte
900 hmuhsuah a si
hmuhsuah a si……………..
1000……….Manuscripts 1997 hmuhsuah a si
*
1100
*
*
1200 *
*
1300
*
*
1400
*
*
1500………….Erasmus, Stephanus
*
1600………….Beza, KJV, Elzivirs
*
1700
*
Tischendorf………………. 1800 *
W-H, Nesttle-Aland, UBSGNT 1900 *
ASV, RSV, NASV,NIV,TEV..
2000...............NKJV
UBS Hakha
Baibal.....................
...........BI Tedim Thuthlung Thar
UBS Falam
Baibal……………. ……..BI Matu
Thuthlung Thar
UBS Tedim Baibal……………. ……..BI Mizo Thuthlung Thar
UBS Bible
Dangpawl………… ……. BI Falam Thuthlung Thar
………………………………… ……
BI Bible Dangpawl
United Bible
Society…………… ………Trinitarian Bible
Society,
·
…… Bibles International
·
*
(Manuscripts 400
hrawng………. … (Manuscripts 5250 hmuhsuah mi
lawng hmuhsuah mi parih thumaw
a si)
Parih thumaw a si)
THUTHLUNG
THAR GREEK TEX PHUN HNIH
RINUM
LO BIBLE RINUM MI
BIBLE
(Corrupted Text)
(Preserved Text)
*
*
ALEXANDRIAN
TEXT……… ………..BYZANTINE
TEXT
*
*
KUM
ZABI 4 HRAWNGIH….. *
HNAWN *
*
…………PAWM MI LE
* NGANSAWNGSIN(COPY)
CODEX
SINAITICUS &............ MI
CODEX VATICANUS
*
HMAN LO IH RET MEN………. ............. MINUSCULES
*
*
*
………..RECEIVED TEXT/TR
* let
*
…………KJV (1611)
1860 hrawngah Codex
Sinaiticus……
*
Le *
Codex Vaticanus
Hmusuak………….. ……. *
Westcott & Hort in
Cawisang……….. ……. *
*
*
Nestle-Aland Text…………………… …..KAWL BIBLE (1635)
Le
*
UBS Greek Text thumawknak………. …..MON BIBLES(1847)
let ….KAREN
BIBLE(1860)
*
*
ASV,
RSV, NASV,NIV,TEV……….
............NKJV
UNITED
BIBLE SOCIETY………… …TRINITARIAN
BIBLE SOCIETY
… BIBLES INTERNATIONAL
BIBLE THU IH THEIH THA TETE
TR = Received Text/TR, 1976
WH = Westcott and Hort, 1881
N = Nestle, 23 edition, 1957
BS = Bible Society, 3rd edition, 1976
KJV = King James Version, 1917
RSV = Revised Standard Version, 1952
NIV = New International Version, 1973
TEV = Today’s English Version, 1976
Everett W. Fowler in
“EVALUATING VERSIONS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT” ti mi a cabu sungah a hnuai lam
vekin report a ngan:
KJV
ih an thlun mi Received Text/TR Greek Thuthlung Thar ih um mi Greek Bible dang
Critical Text ih um lo mipawl:
*Westcott/Hort Greek
Thuthlung Thar ah Bible Cang 18 a um lo.
*Nestle, 23rd
edition, 1957 Greek Thuthlung Thar ah
Cang 31 a um lo.
*Bible Society, 3rd
edition, 1976 Greek Thuthlung Thar ah
Cang 17 a um lo.
*Revised Stand Version
Thuthlung Thar ah Cang 46 a um lo.
*New International
Version Thuthlung Thar ah Cang 17 a um
lo.
Bible cang pakhat
sungih thu pawimawh hrekkhat Received Text/TR/KJV sungih um mi Greek Bible dang
pathum le English Bible pahnih ih um dan cu hivek in a si:
*Westcott/Hort Greek
Thuthlung Thar ah hmun 193 um lo.
*Nestle, 23rd
edition, 1957 Greek Thuthlung Thar ah
hmun 191 um lo.
*Bible Society, 3rd
edition, 1976 Greek Thuthlung Thar ah
185 um lo.
*Revised Stand Version
Thuthlung Thar ah 187 um lo.
*New International
Version Thuthlung Thar ah 180 um lo.
*Received Text/TR ih um mi, Bible Society Text
(3rd Edition) sungih um lo
tawngfang 3602 a um ih, cucu 41.5% tinnak a si.
*Bible Society Text (3rd
Edition) sungih um mi, Received Text/TR sungih um lo
tawngfang 976 a um ih, cucu 11.2% tinak a si.
*Hih Greek Bible
phunhnih ah tawngfang dangaw 3146 a um ih, cucu 36.3%
tinak a si.
Received
Text/TR/ KJV sungih um Westcott & Hort Greek Bible, Nestle Greek Bible le
Bible Society Greek sungih um lo zat cu a hnuaiah kan tarlang hnik pei:
WH N
BS
*Bible
Cang pumpi um lo mi….……….. 18 20 17
*Bible
cang khat sungih thu
pawimawh hrekkhat um lo mi..…….. 193 191 185
*A dang um lo mi
tete..………………. 1244 1220 1107
*Pathian
hmin hrelh mi …………….. 221 230 212
*Pathian
hmin aiawhtu
pronoun hrelh mi……………...…….. 183 192 157
*Bet mi ……………………………… 173 156 161
*Sullam danglampi neiter tawngfang... 1821 1773 2018
*Greek tangfang um lo mi
zat ………. 2824 2987 2632
Greek tawngfang bet zat ...................... 347 306 317
(Everett
W.Fowler: Evaluating Versions of the New
Testament, Maranatha Baptist Press,Wisconsin,1981)
ENGLISH BIBLE VERSION LEH MI GREEK BIBLE LEH KUM
King
James Verson………. Received
Text/TR ………… 1611, edition 1769
Revised
Standard Version...
Nestle-Aland Text … ……. 1952
New
International Version.
Electic Text …………….. 1978
Today’s
English Version ...
United Bible Societ’s Text ..
1976
New
King James Version.. Received
Text/TR ………… 1982
KAWLRAM
BIBLE HREKKHAT PAWL
Kawl
Bible (Judson leh mi) Received
Text/TR…………….. 1835
Mon
Bible ………………. Received Text/TR…………….. 1847
Karen
Bible .…………….. Received Text………………….. 1960
UBS
Hakha Bible…………… Critical
Text…………………… ?
UBS
Falam Bible …………… Critical
Text…………………… ?
UBS
Tedim Bible…………… Critical
Text…………………... ?
BI
Tedim Bible…………… Received Text/KJV/NKJV………
BI
Falam Bible…………… Received
Text/KJV/NKJV……….2009
Bi
Matu Bible…………….. Received
Text/KJV/NKJV………
BI
Hakha Bible………….. Received
Text/KJV/NKJV……… Let lai
BI
Zotung Bible.…………. Received
Text/KJV/NKJV…………Let lai
BI
Bualkhaw Bible……. Received
Text/KJV/NKJV…… Nam rero lai
*****
Cabu Rawn Mipawl:
1.
D.A.Waite, DFENDING THE KING JAMES BIBLE,
The Bible for
Today Press, Collingswood, New Jersey
08108, 2002.
2. David H.Sorenson: Touch Not The Unclean Thing
3. David Otis Fuller: True or False?
4. Everett W.Fowler: Evaluating Versions of the New Testament
5. Eward F. Hills: The King James Version Defended
6. Thomas M. Strouse: Refutation of Dr. Daniel Wallace’s Rejection
of the
KJV as the Best Translation.
7.
Brooke Foss Westcott and Fenton John Anthony Hort, Introduction to the
New
Testament in the Original Greek with Notes on Selected Readings,
London:Macmillan & Co., 1882; reprint,
Peabody, Mass: Hendrickson,
1988.
8.
Kenyon, Our Bible and the Ancient
Manuscripts, New York: Harper
Brothers, 1895, 19510.
9.
Frederick Nolan, An Inguiry into the
Integrity of the Greek Vulagate: or
Received Text of the New Testament
(London: F.C.& J.Rivington, 1815.
10.
Frederic Kenyon, Handbook to the Textual
Criticism of the New
Testament,
2d ed. Grand RapidsL Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1951)
11.
The Washington Manuscript of the Four
Gospels, by H.C. Sanders, New
York:
Macmillan.
12.
David Daniell, The Bible in English,
Yale University Press, New Haven,
London, 2003.
13.
David Cloud, The Glorious History of the
King James Bible, Way of
Life Literature, 2006.
14.
Charles L. Surrett, Which Greek Text?
The Debate Among
Fundamentalist, Surret Family
Publication, Kingsa Mountain, 1999.
15.
Wilbur N. Pickering, The Identity of the
New Testament, Thomas Nelson
Publishers, Nashville, 1980.
16.
G. W. Anderson, The Greek New Testament
Text, Trinitarian Bible
Society, London.
17.
The Divine Origin, Trinitarian Bible
Society, London.
18.
G.W. Anderson & D.E. Anderson, The
English Bible Its Origin,
Preservation and Blessing,
Trinitarian Bible Society, London.
19.G.
W. Anderson & D.E. Anderson, Why
1John 5:7-8 is in the Bible,
Trinitarian Bible Society, London.
20.
Phil Stringer, In Defense of 1John 5:7,
Landmark Baptist Press,
Haines City, 2001.
21.
The Learned Men, The Translators of the
Authorized Version of the
Holy Bible in English A.D.
1611, Trinitarian Bible Societ, London.
22.
Donald L. Brake with Shelly Beach, A
Visual History of the King James
Bible, BakerBooks,
Grand Rapids, 2011.
23.
Paul D. Wegner, The Jouney from Texts to
Translations, The Origin and
Development of the Bible, Baker Academic,
1999.
24.
Timothy Tow & Jeffrey Khoo, Theology for Every Christian, Far
Eastern Bible College Press, Singapore,
1998.
25.
Thomas M. Strouse, The LORD GOD hath
SPOKEN, A guide to
Bibliology, Emmanuael Baptist
Publication, Connecticut, 2007.
26.
Andrew J. Browb, The Word of God Among
All Nations, A Brief
History of the Triniterian Bible Society
1831-1981, Trinitarian Bible
Society, 1981.
27.
Jeffrey Khoo, The KJV- NIV Dabate, An
Annotated Syllabus, Far
Eastern Bible College, Singapore, 1998.
************
TEV
Hnakih KJV Thatsawnnak 5
Jedidya Lal Lian Zual
Bible thuhla ah hin elawknak a phunphun a suak theu. Bible text le
version thuhla cipciar takih zingzawi ding cun subject tum takih hman
a tul ding ih cahmai 300 tlun lam daih a si ding. Asinan tui tumah cun
canngantui tithei tawk le dinghmun, siartui tuldan ih zirin cahmai
pahinh khatih pawhtawi kan tum ding.
Jedidya Lal Lian Zual
Bible thuhla ah hin elawknak a phunphun a suak theu. Bible text le
version thuhla cipciar takih zingzawi ding cun subject tum takih hman
a tul ding ih cahmai 300 tlun lam daih a si ding. Asinan tui tumah cun
canngantui tithei tawk le dinghmun, siartui tuldan ih zirin cahmai
pahinh khatih pawhtawi kan tum ding.
Hi thu ngan tikah mi pakhatkhat simaw, pawlkawm pakhatkhat simaw,
kawhhran pakahtkhat simaw eltainak, simsiatnak le hlawnthlak duhnak
lam si loin( cuvekzawng khalin zohman ruat lo sehla) Pathian thu
conservative takih tannak lamah ngai sawn sehla. Cumi cu cangantui
thinlung khal a si. Laimi, a hleicein Falammi cu malte kan si ruangah
thu lakdan thiam loin kan hak sual pang theu. Curuangah hruaitu zahum
deuh tla cu Book Review hman tuah ngam a si lo. An kawhhran le an
uifim pawlin in keuthat pang ding ti tluk a si. Mirang le ramdang cu
hun tanta sehla kan hmuanthlang Mizoram hmanah Presbyterian kawhhran
veve khal thu cuhaw-in an elaw tuito theu. Cucu a thangso le fim
pawlih mizia a si.
Cutivek thinlung kau le tluangtlam kan put thiam ding tikcu hngak
phahin fimkhurten kekar phahin Pathin Thu ih Conservative Evangelical
dinhmun in hihi ka rawn thawh ve a si. Pathian thu cu a nung ih huham ih khat a si. Sersiamtu a si ih nun
petu khal a si. Curuangah cabu dang vek men ih tham ding a si lo. Thu
thianghlim le zahum a si. Cuih thu cu King James Version hin a kilhim in a dinpi bikin a lang.
Cuti ka ti theinak 5 te hun tarlang sehla....
1. Text Thasawn (Superior Text) Kut ngan cabu hi tampi a um ih
Greek le Latin lephei cun a thawng tel a um ngai. Asinan Textus
Receptus (TR) hi rin tlakbikah Bible zumtupawl cun an pawm. Jerome in
Latin vulgate a leh ihsin kawhhran san a pehpeh –Martin Luther in
German tawngih a leh tiangin Receipt Text (Hlansawngawk mi casual)
rori hi hman a si. Cu cu Wycliff le William Tyndale pawl khalin an
rawn hmang vivo ih Geneva Bible, KJV, NKJV tiang hman vivo a si.
Judson ih Kawl ih a leh tik khalah hi thotho hi hman a si. Asinan
Today English Version cu West Cott le Hort ih ngansawn mi text hman a
si. Hi text hi United Bible Society in a pawm ruangah UBS text ti
khalih kawh a si ih Evangelical pawl cun critical text an ti theu.
Critical text ( Sawisel Ca) an tinak san cu a tlun ih ngansawngtu mi
pahnih khi Liberal tuk thilmak tampi zumlotu le falahim hrin(virgin
birth) tiang zumlotu an si ruangah a si. Tahthimnak pakhatte hun la
sehla Isaiah 7:14 ih falahim a rai ding ti khal khai nuno note timi
hman a si. I Kor 15:31 ih “I die daily” nitin ka thi ti ding hman khi
“Nitinte thihnak ka tawng zikte theu” tiin an kawpi sawng a si. TR ah
cun an tisual hinh khat cu a um ve ko ding nan uluk takih kawpi a si
ruangah a let tampiin a thasawn hrimhrim.
2. Theology Thasawn (Superior Theology) KJV theology ih a
thatsawnnak hi rel hman tul loin a lang cia. TEV hmun tampi ah thisen
timi um loin hlawn a si. Cun hrekkhatah thisen ti aiah thihnak tiih
leh a si. Theology na zir cun THISEN le THIHNSK ih danglamnak cu na
thei mai ding. Cun TEV ah cun remawksalnak (reconsilation) ti tawngkam
khal hman a si lo. Cun thiamcoternak (justification) ti mi theology
thupi tuk khal hman a si lo. TEV thasawn vekih reltupawl hin Theology
zirnakah an hmang dah lo ti a siang. TEV ah cun Mirinum ti khal a um
lo hokhaw. Rinsan tlak tiih hman a si. Mi rinum le rinsan tlak lawng
hman Bible tlawngta hrangah cun zir tham a si. Hivek hi hmun
thawngkhat leng lo khih ding a um.
3. Lehdan Thasawn( Superior Transilation Technology) Bible lehdan
hi phun tampi a um. A. Literal transilation= a tican vek ciah ih a
sinak ciah leh. B. Dynamic Equivalent =A duhsan zulh ih leh. Hi hi
thazet vekin a lang nan Bible lehnak hrang a tihnung tuk. C.
Paraphrase = Simfiang phun ih leh. Hi hi Bible lehlindan ih dinhmun
niambik a si.
KJV lettupawl cun A nak khi an hmang ih TEV lettupawl cun
B le C kawm an hmang. KJV lettupawl cun cafang kip, grammar kip
le a tican kip ah a san peng lo dingin an let nan TEV
lettupawl cun an nuainam men theu. Thimnakah Tirhthlah 2 thu ih
Miricle, sign and wonder ti mi hman khi hminsinnak le mangbangza
an ti men. Thilmak, hminsinnak le mangbangza ti sehla akim ding nan.
Cun Jesu kawhnakih an hman Lord, Master, Sir, Teacher
tipawl khal khi Bawipa le Sayapa ti in cawkpawlh thluh a si.
Leviticus lamih thil rawng phun 7 tivek khal phun li lawngih
leh a si. An rak tuanbangnak cu zahum zet khal sehla Pathian Thu hi
an dekcawk deuh maw ti ding a sinak lai tampi a um.
4. Lettu Thasawn( Superior Translator) Bible Version le text thu
rel tikah Bible lettupawl nun hi zoh tel lo theih a si lo. TEV (UBS)
text kawpi sawngtu West Cott and Hort tei nun zingzawi tikah Anglicak
pastor, piangthar lo, liberal emem, Pathian thilti mak khal zum mumal
lo an si. Asinan KJV lettupawl kan zoh tik( KJV cu William Tyndale
leipawlih lehcia rem kan ti zo kha) Wycliff= thih ngam, William
Tyndale= Bible leh ruangih Martar, Geneva ih kawhhran tuahthatupawl=
Pathian thu ruangaih tiduhdah le hrem tuar raltlan an si. Cun KJV
buaipitu mi 50 hrawng nunnak zoh tikah Puritan san tiangih Pathian
hrangih serhhrangaw, nun thianghlim uar, rinnak ih kekartu le Bible
Pathian thu buaipi le thih ngam an si. Curuangah a lettupawl ih nun hi
a tanaw tuk lawlaw.
5. Thuanthu Thasawn (Superior History) KJV le TEV cu an thuanthu
cio zoh tik khalah an tanaw tuk. KJV hmangtupawl hi Pathianmi deuh
hlir an si ih TEV hmangtu leitlun huap mi hminthang thuahthu ah a lang
an um lo. TR ihsin KJV ah a hmangtupawl cu Jerome, Augustine, Martin
Luther, Calvin, George Whitefield, John Wesley, Baptist thusim
hminthang Supergion, DL Moody, Jonathan Edward le mi tampi. Tu lai
sanah Rev. Rick Warren in “Keimah cun KJV ka siar theu nan mipi hmaiah
cun NIV khal ka siar. A san cu mino pawl hrangah theih a awl.” A rak
ti dah. John McArthur, Ryrie, Paul Enns, Bob Jones, Warren Wersbe,
Billy Graham le mi tampi.
Curuangah KJV lawng Pathian thu lole thawtkhum kan ti lo nan Version
dang thawn cun khaikhin ci a si lo. Peter Ruckman vekin KJV hi
advanced revelation(Original manuscript ih um lo KJV ah a kim ti
zumnak) ti khalin kan pawm lo nan a cungnung sawn ti cu el rual a si
lo. Pathian thu hi palbet in zozo simaw kan cawisan pang cun Setan a
lungawi tuk ding. Ziangah Bible ttha neih cu kan dodal ciamco ding?
------------------------------------
TEXTUS RECEPTUS LE KING JAMES VERSION HI
RINSANTLAKBIK AN
SI KO E!:
DR HRE KIO IH
CAHRAM “FALAM BAIBAL THIANGHLIM HI
RINSAN A TLAK
NGAINGAI MAW?” ZOHHLIAHSAKNAK
BY
BIAK LAWM THANG
YANGON, MYANMAR
JANUARY 2012
A SUNG THU
THUHMAIHRUAI ..................................................................................................... 3
Saya Hre Kio ih Pawmdan Langfiangternak ........................................................ 3
ZOHHLIAHSAKNAK ............................................................................................... 5
Grik Bible .............................................................................................................. 5
Kutnganca “Tuan” pawl hi An ~hadeuh
taktak maw? .................................. 5
Kutnganca “Tuanbik”
pawl An ~hatbiklozia Langternak .............................. 7
Bible Thiam
Hmuahhmuah ih Pawm mi? ..................................................... 13
Erasmus le Textus Receptus .......................................................................... 14
“Beetmi”? .............................................................................................. 14
“Telh lomi”?
.......................................................................................... 16
Desiderius
Erasmus ............................................................................... 17
Erasmus ih
Hman mi Grik Kutnganca ................................................... 18
Erasmus le
Grik Kutnganca lakih Bangawklonakpawl ......................... 19
“Textus Receptus” timi Hmin hi “Kyaw-ngianak” men a si maw? ...... 19
King James Version ............................................................................................. 21
Ziangruangah KJV An
Let? ......................................................................... 21
Leh mi maw Rem mi
deuh? ......................................................................... 21
“Khuimi KJV bik?” ...................................................................................... 22
Ziangah KJV ah Apocrypha a Tel? .............................................................. 22
KJV le Fundamentalist Lungput .................................................................. 23
KJV ih Rinsantlak
Sinak .............................................................................. 23
THUNETNAK ........................................................................................................... 25
ENDNOTES ............................................................................................................... 26
THUBET .................................................................................................................... 30
THUHMAIHRUAI
December 5, 2011 ah Saya Hre Kio in,
“Falam Baibal Thianghlim hi rinsan a tlak taktak maw?” timi, Saya Sui Lian Mang
ih “Bible Dangdang Khaikhinnak” fakselnak a rak ngan.[i]
Hi ca hi `haten siar tikah, Saya Sui ih cahram fakselnak lawng si loin, King James Version (KJV) le Textus Receptus (TR) rinsantlaklo ih
thlakniamnak thu a si ruangah, Saya Hre Kio le Saya Sui karlak thu men lawng a
si lo. Zumtu hmuahhmuah ih buaipitlak le buaipi ding “Khuimi Bible rinsan a
tlakbik?” timi thu sawn a si. An pahnih karlak thu men a silozia Saya Hre Kio
ih `awngkam ah hitin a lang, “Hitawk ih ka langter duhmi cu: Dr Sui Lian Mang
ih a thlunmi Mirang Baibal King James
Version hi rinsan tlak bik a si
lo, tile Grik Baibal a thlun mi Textus
Receptus khal hi rinsan tlak bik
a si thotho lo, (a kim lo mi a um ih beetmi tla a um) tihi ka langter duhmi
a si” (2); “Hih ka nganmi cahram hi Falam Baibal a hmangtu hrang lawngah a si
lo; Hakha Baibal a hmangtu siesh, Saya Thang Hup ih lehmi a hmangtu, Saya Sui
Lian Mang ih lehmi Baibal siartu le Mizo Baibal a hmangtu pawl khal siseh, an
siar ciar ve dingah ka duhnak a si. Cule Kawl `ong in Baibal lehmi – Judson
Version siartu khal in an siar dingah ka duhsak a si” (12). Hivekin Saya Hre
Kio in duhsaknak kau a neih ruangah, thil umdan taktak cuai kan thlai thiam ih,
thudik kan hmuhfiang thei ding beisei in tui ca hi ngan ve a si.
Curuangah, tui ca ahcun bulpak thu ah va
lut loin, Saya Hre Kio ih KJV le Textus
Receptus rinsantlakbik an si lo a ti mi le Falam Baibal hi “a tuanbik lamih
nganmi Grik Baibal thlun ih lehhmi a si. Rintlak a si” (11) a ti mi hi a dik
taktak maw, evidence hngetkhoh a um
taktak maw, timi sawn hi kan hmuitin ding mi cu a si.[ii]
Cumi rualin Textus Receptus le King James Version ih rinsantlakbik si
sawn zia langfiangter phahphah a si fawn ding. Zoih zirh/sim/ngan mi a si
khalle, bih ciamciam ta zet lo cun pawm/hnawl mai loin, a thu umdan ciamciamten
zoh ta tahratih evidence cuai thlai
ngah ta hnu lawngah pawm/hnawl sawn ding a si, ti le minung pakhat le pakhat hi
doawk a `ul lo, asinan zoih zirh/sim/ngan mi khal asile, an dik le diklo
hniksak ih a dik mi pawm dingah zumtu hmuahhmuah in mawhphurh kan nei, ti kan
theihhngilh lo ding hi ca ngantu in a cahawk hmaisat duh mi a si (siar Tirh
17:11; 1 John 4:1).
Saya Hre Kio ih
Pawmdan Langfiangternak
Saya Hre Kio in KJV le a hram Grik
Bible Textus Receptus rinsantlakbik
ih a hmuh ve lo thu a ngan mi hi tui `um lawng a si lo, vawi hnih thum lai a
ngan zo.[iii]
Cui a ngan zo mipawl le tui `um ih a ngan mi ahhin a thu fehpidan an bangaw, an
luang khat thluh. Theih awl ding zawngin a hnuai lam vekin khaikhawmsak theih a
si:
1.
KJV
hi Mirang Bible lakih rinsantlakbik a si lo, tlaksamnak (limitations) ziangmawzat a nei mi a si. KJV ih sirhsan mi Grik
Bible Textus Receptus (TR) khal hi
Grik Bible dangdang lakah rinsantlakbik a si lo, cu hnakih `hasawn an um.
Curuangah Bible `awng dang ih lehnak ah KJV le TR hi sirhsan ih hman dingah a
tlingbik mi an si lo.
2.
KJV
le Textus Receptus rinsan an
tlaklonak san ziangmawzat a um. Cupawl lakih a thupibik cu an sirhsan mi Grik
kutngancapawl (manuscripts [MSS])
rinsantlak an silonak hi a si. Grik kutngancapawl lakih rinsantlakbik cu KJV ih
sirhsan mi, kutnganca “tlai” pawl (late
manuscripts) si loin, kutnganca tuan pawl (early manuscripts) sawn khi an si. ~awng dangin kan sim asile,
kutnganca cu a kum a upat le, rinsan a tlak, a `hadeuh ih, a kum a nauhak le,
rinsan a tlak lo, a `halo deuh tinak a si. Cui Grik kutnganca kum upadeuh
rinsantlakbik pawl lakih hrekkhat cu, (1) Codex
Sinaiticus [], (2) Codex
Alexandrianus [A]), (3) Codex
Vaticanus [B]), (4) Codex Ephraemi,
le (5) Codex Bezae tipawl an si. Hihi
“Baibal thiam, Baibal thuhla zingzoitu pawl zozo khal in a dik an ti thluhmi
thu a si” (6).
3.
Bible
`awng dang ih leh mi thu ah, Grik kutnganca tuan pawl sirhsan ih leh mi Bible, `himnak
ah, Good News for Modern Man ti
khalih kawh mi Today’s English Version (TEV)
ihsin lehsin mi “Falam Baibal Thianghlim” (FBT) tivekpawl khi, kutnganca tlai
pawl sirhsan ih leh mi KJV, New King
James Version (NKJV) tivek sirhsan ih lehsin mi “Thuthlung Thar” [TT] (Saya
Sui ih leh mi), Textus Receptus
sirhsan ih leh mi Kawl Bible [KB] (Adoniram Judson ih leh mi) tipawl hnakin
rinsan an tlak sawn. FBT, le Bible dangpawl ih Bible cang, catluan, le `awngfang
um kim lo mi, KJV, NKJV, TT, le KB sungih um kim thluh mipawl khi, Grik
kutnganca `hasawn ih um lo mi, Grik kutnganca tlaideuh pawl ngansawngtu le
zohfeltupawl (editors) ih bet cawp
men mi an si. Hiti a si ruangah Falam “Baibal
Thianghlim hi a tuanbik lamih nganmi Grik Baibal thlun ih lehmi a si.
Rintlak a si” (11).
A
ca ngan mi siar tikah Saya Hre Kio hi faktlak zet a sinak a um, cucu, a thu
pawm mi khi ziangruangah a pawm timi
a thei ih, cui a pawm mi cu ral`ha zetin a aupi ngamnak ahhin a si. Asinan a
pawmdan a dik maw diklo ti lawngte cu, thil um taktak mi evidence thawn cuai thlai ta ciamciam ih zohhliah `ul mi a si. Hiti
kan zohhliahnak ah a hnuaiih thusuhnak pahnih hi a hleicein kan hmuitin ding:
(1) KJV lehnak ih hman mi Grik Bible Textus
Receptus hi rinsantlaklo a si taktak maw? timi le (2) KJV hi rinsantlakbik
a si lo taktak maw?
ZOHHLIAHSAKNAK
GRIK BIBLE
Saya Hre Kio in KJV lehnak ih hman
mi Grik Bible Textus Receptus hi Grik
Bible dang lakah rinsantlakbik si thei loih a hmuhnak san thupibik cu,
kutnganca tlaideuh pawl sirhsan ih suah mi a si ruangah a si, ziangahtile “. .
. Tuan ih nganmi (early manuscripts) hi a `ha ih rintlak an si; tlai ih nganmi cabu
cu rintlak an si lo, . . .” (6). Ziangruangah “tuan” ih ngan mi cu “tlai”
ih ngan mi hnakin “rintlak” a si deuh? A san cu, tuan ih ngan mipawl ahcun
“palhnak a mal deuh. Netalam ih nganmi (Late
manuscripts) pawl cu palhnak a tam deuh; beetmi an neih phahphah `heu
ruangah!” tiin simfiangnak a pe. Cuitlunah hi pawmdan hi “Leilung tlun ih
Baibal thiam, Baibal thuhla a zingzoitu pawl zozo khal in a dik an ti thluhmi
thu a si” (6), tiin amai hmuhdan cu leitlun Bible thiam hmuahhmuah ih hmuhdan
hmel a putter. Hi zawnah kan zohhliah dingih thupi mi cu: (1) kutngnca hi a kum
a upatdeuh ruangah kum nautadeuh hnakin “rintlak” a si deuh taktak maw? (2)
hihi Bible thiam hmuahhmuah ih “a dik” an ti thluh mi a si taktak maw? ti le
(3) Textus Receptus hi Grik kutnganca
tlaideuh pawl vial sirhsan ih suah mi, rintlaklo a si taktak maw? tipawl an si.
Kutnganca “Tuan”
pawl hi An ~hadeuh taktak maw?
Grik kutnganca (manuscript) thu thawn pehparin khuimi rinsan a tlakbik timi thu ah,
Saya Hre Kio ih pawmdan hi thu pakhat par lawngah `humaw in a lang – cui a `humawknak
cu, kutnganca “tuan” pawl khi a “tlai” pawl hnakin rinsan an tlak sawn timi ah
a si. Amah roriin hihi thupibikih a ruah thu “Palitnak hi a thupibik” tiin a
langter (6). Thu dang a ngan mipawl khi himi lungphum (foundation) parih hram bun mi an si. Curuangah, kutnganca “tuan”
khi a “tlai” pawl hnakin rinsan an tlak sawn lo, ti langfiangter theih a si
ahcun, langfiangter theih a si fawn, a inn sak mi cu amahten a cim cih ding mi
a si. Asile, “tuan” ih ngan mi Grik kutnganca hi “tlai” ih ngan mi hnakin
rinsan a tlak sawn taktak maw?
Hi zawnah Grik kutnganca “tuan” pawl hi
“tlai” pawl hnakin rinsan an tlak deuh timi ruahnak ra suah thawknak thuanthu
malten vun bih duak a duhum ding. Thuthlung Thar Grik kutnganca hi, a bu pumin
siseh, a bulcawng tetein siseh, tui san ih hmuh theih ih um lai mi (extant manuscripts) ah 5000 lenglo a um,
ti a si.[iv]
Cui Grik kutngancapawl ahcun pakhat le pakhat bangawklonak tete an um tikah,
khuimi in a tirih ngan mi (autographs)
a ngankhum (copied) dikbik ding ti
thu hliakhlainak cu “textual criticism”
asilole “lower criticism” (Bible
denfelnak) tiih kawh a si ih, a hliakhlaitupawl cu “textual critics” lole “textual
scholars” tiih kawh an si.[v]
Cuvekih hliakhlainak ah Saya Hre Kio ih kutnganca “tuan” cu kutnganca “tlai”
hnakin “rintlak” a si deuh a timi ruahnak rak thehlartu le an hnuih mithiam
tamtak in an thlunbik mi cu 1881 kum ih Grik Bible The New Testament in the Original Greek suahtu Cambridge mithiam
Brooke Foss Westcott le Fenton John Anthony Hort an si. Westcott le Hort thu
kan lut thuk hlanah, an khawruahnak rak ciahnehtu mithiam hmaisa pawl thu
tawiten vun thailang duak sehla thil umdan a feng phah deuh ding.
Bible denfelnak (textual criticism) thu ih “a tuandeuh cu rintlak a si deuh” (older reading is better) timi ruahnak ci
rak tuh hmaisatupawl cu German mithiam J J Griesbach ([1745-1812] liberal theologian) le Karl Lachmann
([1793-1851] German rationalist),
England mithiam Samuel Prideaux Tregelles (1812-1875), le German mithiam
Constantine Tischendorf ([1815-1874] higher
rationalism ih ciahneh mi) tipawl an si.[vi]
Griesbach cu German rationalism ih pa
tiih ruah mi Johann Salomo Selmer ih tlawngta liberal theologian a si. 1774 le 1806 kum karlakah Grik Bible pathum
a suah. Bruce Metzger cun Griesbach hi “Thuthlung Thar Grik text thu ih neta
lam ca ngan mi hmuahhmuah lungphum (foundations)
rak phumtu” a si ih, KJV ih sirhsan mi Textus
Receptus pawm loih Grik Bible thar suah hmaisabiktu a si, a ti.[vii]
Lachmann thu ah Metzger ih simdan vek a si le, Textus Receptus hnawng thla bepbep hmaisabik tu le leitlun cabu
dang denfel tikih thlun mi danpawl (principles
of textual criticism) thlun tahrat ih Bible dengfel ih suah hmaisabik tu a
si.[viii]
Curuangah amai suah mi Grik Bible hi (1831 ah first edition, 1842-50 ah second
edition) “critical text”
hmaisabik a si. 1857-79 kum sungih Grik Bible suahtu Tregelles hi cu Griesbach
le Lachmann vek cun zumnak lamah a bese lo, asinan an khawruahdan le theory pawl a thlun thotho tu a si.
1857-79 karlakah Grik Bible a suah ve. Tischendorf hi Grik Bible vawi riat (eight editions) rori suahtu a sinak le
Sinai tlang par phungki tlawng ih Grik kutnganca Codex Sinaiticus () hmusuaktu, Vatican library ih Grik kutnganca Codex
Vaticanus (B) mipi theih ih langtertu a sinak zarah, theih lar zet mi a si.
Amah hi “German higher rationalism”
ih rak zirh mi le ciahneh mi (trained and
influenced) a si. Hipawl hi an thiamnak lam ah faktlak hlir an si ko nan,
Bible thu ahcun an zumnak a dawr zet mi, leitlun cabu dang denfel (criticism) vek fangih Bible dengfel men
tu (rationalistic/natuaralistic approach),
le an khawruahnak sung muril ah Bible thawtkhumnak le kilhimnak thurin (inspiratioan and preservation) a thunlut
ngaingailotu an si, tihi hi zawnih hminsin ding thupi mi a si.
Hipawl ih zirhnak parah hram thla
tahratin Westcott le Hort cun Thuthlung Thar kutnganca thu hliakhlainak ah theory an run phuah.[ix]
Cui theorypawl ih `humawknakbik
pahnih cu: (1) kutnganca a hlunbik mi (oldest
reading) khi a dikbik le rinsantlakbik an si, (2) a tawideuh mi (shorter reading) khi a saudeuh hnakin an
`hasawn, timi a si.[x]
Hivek ruahnak an neih ruangah, tui san hmuh theihih um Grik kutngancapawl lakih
kum upabik Codex Sinaiticus () le Codex Vaticanus (B) khi rinsantlakbik ah
an ruat ih, cumi thlunin Mirang Bible Revised
Version ih sirhsan mi Grik Bible The
New Testament in the Original Greek an rak suah. Hi ruahnak hi, riahsiatza
zetin, kum zabi 19nk, 20nk, le 21nk ih mithiam
tampi khalin thudik ah an ruat ih an run thlun vivo. Westcott le Hort cun Codex Vaticanus hi rintlakbik ah an ruat
ih, Codex Sinaiticus hi a sangtu ah
an ret.[xi]
Hivek lungput thawn cui hlanih Bible leh mi hmuahhmuah deuhthaw ih rak thlun mi
Grik Bible Textus Receptus cu an
hnawl thla bepbep ih, kum sawmthum sung hivek thu zingzawi ih hna an `uantlang
hnuah, a tlunih kan tarlang zo mi Grik Bible thar kha 1881 kum ah an run suah.
Hi an Grik Bible thar hi (a tawizawngin W&H
Text kan ti ding) lehhnuih United
Bible Societies ih run suah mi The
Greek New Testament (a tawizawngin UBSGNT; tu ahcun 4th edition tiang a thleng zo) le Nestle-Aland ih suah mi Novum Testamentum Graece (a tawizawngin
NANTG; tu ahcun 26th edition
tiang a thleng zo) ih sirhsan mi bulhrampi a si. Hi UBSGNT le NANTG hi United Bible Societies cun Bible lehnak
ih sirhsan dingah tha a pek mi an si (cf 6). Hi zawnah hmuhfiang dingih thupi
zet pakhat cu, “Falam Baibal Thianghlim” le santhar Mirang Biblepawl (modern Versions; `himnak ah, theih lar
deuh mi NIV, NASV, TEV tvk) ih sirhsan mi Grik Bible UBSGNT le NANTG hi rinsan
an tlak maw tlak lo timi cu an pa W&H Text le an pu Codices Vaticanus le Sinaiticus
(kutnganca dang mallai khal rawn cih an si nan, hi pahnih hi an thlunbik mi a
si ruangah) rinsan an tlak maw timi parah tampi a `humaw, timi hi a si.
Kutnganca
“Tuanbik” pawl An ~habiklozia Langternak
Westcott le Hort ih textual theory `humawknak thupibik – a
tawizawngin “hlunbik `habik” – Saya Hre Kio in mithiam hmuahhmuah ih pawm mi
thudik vekih a sim mi hi dik vekih a lang theinak lai a um, asinan a taktakah a
dik lo mi a si. ~awng dangin kan sim asile, Grik kutnganca thu ahcun hlunbik le
`habik hi kut kaiaw in an fehtlang kher lo, tinak a si. Cui thu cu a hnuai lam
vekin a tawizawngin langfiangter theih a si.
1. Pakhatnak ah, Bible cu ngan `heh a si hnu kum rei lo te sungah rinum zetih ngansawngtu
le kilhimtu an um laiah, tisiattu asilole tibawrhhlawhtu (intentioanal
corruption) an rak um thawk ve zo ruangah kum upa ti men cun rinsantlak sinak a
pe thei lo. Fuller in Bible
tibawrhhlawhnak rak suahnak thu ah hitin a ngan,
Tirhthlahpawl
an thih hnu kum zakhat sung lala ah, Irenaeus in Gnostic zirhnak pawmtu Marcion
thuhla ah hitin a sim, "Cuiruangah Marcion le a dungthluntupawl khal
Cathianghlim tibawrhhlawh dingin an pumpeaw ih, cabu hrekkhat cu an pawm lo
lellel, thuthang`ha Luke le Paul ih Cakuatpawl cu tawite ah an can ih, cuti
an titawi mi cu, hipawl lawng hi a dik tiih pawm tlak (authentic) an si, an ti."[xii]
Burgon khalin hitin a ngan ve, "[Bible] tibawrhhlawhnak cu
tikcu tuan zet ihsin a rak thawk zo a bang. . . . kawhhran ih nunnak (the life of the church) a rak thawk
hmaisatbik lai ihsin a diklo mi (errors)
a thupten an rak lut rero zo siin a lang."[xiii]
Bible ngan `heh hnu kum rei lote sung lala ihsin tibawrhhlawhtupawl an
rak um zo hi mangbang ding cu a si lo, ziangahtile Setan in Thu Nung (the Living Word [Jesuh]) a do neh thei
lo ruangah, a hmuitin mi cu Ngan Thu (the
Written Word [Bible]) lamah a `hawn.
Curuangah Bible ngansawng vivonak thu ahhin tiva bangawlo pahnih an luang tinak
a si: (1) ngansawngdan dik (normal/faithful
transmission), le (2) ngansawngdan diklo (abnormal/unfaithful transmission). An ngansawng mi cu Pathian
thawtkhum mi Cabu a si ti zum hngetin rinum zetih rak ngansawngtu an um laiah
(hipawl ih ngan mi hmanah tipalh “unintentional
corruption” a um thei laiah), minung cabu menmen vekah ruat tahratih
dawngdah zetih ngansawngtu asilole tisiat hrim tumtu (intentional corruption) khal an rak um ve. Hi ruangah kutnganca
dik/rintlak, le diklo/rintlaklo an rung suahnak a si. Hivek thil `ihnung thleng ding an rak hmuh cia ruangah zirhtu diklo
pawl lakah ralringtei um dingin tirhthlahpawl cun zumtupawl vawi tampi
ralrinnak an rak pe (siar Tirh 20:27-32; Gal 1:6-12; 2 Tim 3:1-4:4; 2 Pet
2:1-2; 1 John 2:18-19; 2 John 7-11; Jude 3-4, 16-19; Thup 22:18-19).
Kutnganca hlunbik an `habik timi ruahnak hi UBSGNT le NANTG an pahnih zohfelnak
ih rak tel ve tu Kurt Aland hmanin a hnawl zo mi a si:
Kutnganca
hlunbik in a sung thu (text) a nei `habik kher lo tihi cu tarlang rero hman a `ul lo. ~himnak ah, P47 cu Thuphuan bu (Apocalypse) a bu pumin asilole a bu pum zikte tel kutngancapawl
lakah kum upabik a si, asinan a `habik cu a si
lo lawlaw.[xiv]
Trinitarian
Bible Society ih Bible thuhla tam zet ngantu Anderson ih thu`himnak pek mi hin tui kan rel rero mi thu hi a fiangter
zet:
Kum
3000 ah Mirang Bible pakhat sar a si ih, cucu kum 1970s ih ngan mi a rak si ti
bang sehla. Hi Bible hi sar a si laiih Bible um mipawl lakah a hlunbik a si ih,
hi Bible hi kum 3000 hrawngih Khristianpawl ih hman mi Bible thawn hmun za tam
takah an dangaw si bang sehla. Bible dengfeltu thiam tak pawl cun an tidan (method) `ha
taktak hmangin, hi Bible hi a khuahlan zet zia, a cahmai umtudan ihsin a `hatzia, a cahnah an hman mi le a pianzia an tuahdan ihsin
an rak fimkhur le uluk zet zia, a kawm an tuah `hatdan,
tipawl nasa takin an simfak ko ding ti cu suangtuah theih mai a si. Asinan, hi
khuahlan cabu sirhsanin tulai `awng phun
dangdang ah Bible an vun let thawk ngaingai tikah, Khristianpawl in hi Bible hi
Jehovah Witnessespawlih "New World Translation" a rak
si tariai ti an vun hmuhsuah tikah cun an `ansanpawl
(arguments) cu an cim sadarh thluh
ding.[xv]
A tlunih tarlang mi ihsin a fiang mi cu,
kutnganca “tuan” pawl khi an kum upatnak lawng
rori zohin rinsantlakbik ah ret an theih lo, timi a si. Hiti ti tikah an kum
upat thu hi thupitnak nei lo vekih hnawl thlak pumhlum ding tinak a si lo, thu
dangdang zoh cem cih tengteng a `ul, tinak sawn a si. Kutnganca rinsan tlak le
tlaklo tahnak ah, Westcott le Hort san laiih mithiam Burgon ih rak sim mi hi
tuisun ni tiang khalah a dik ringring lai:
(1)
Grik
kutnganca dang in an lungkimpi maw (Copies)?
(2)
Khuahlan
ih rak leh mi Bible dang in an lungkimpi maw (Versions)?
(3)
Khuahlan
kawhhran palepawl ih ca ngan mi in an lungkimpi maw (Fathers)?[xvi]
Cipciar
deuhin hitin a simfiang bet:
(1) An khuahlan maw (antiquity or primitiveness)?
(2) Lungkimpitu/theihpitu an nei maw, a
tam maw (consent of witnesses, or number)?
(3) An dikzia
langtertu dangdang an um maw, asilole, leitlun huapih hman mi an si maw (variety of evidence, or catholicity)?
(4) A
lungkimpitupawl cu rintlak an si maw, asilole, an cuai a rit maw (respectability of witnesses, or weight)?
(5) Hman peh
vivo mi an si maw, asilole, a cat lo mi thuanthu an nei maw (continuity, or unbroken tradition)?
(6) A cahlawm
pumpi asilole a kiangkap thu in an dikzia a nemhnget maw (evidence of the entire passage, or
context)?
(7) A sung thu ah teh umzia nei mi a si
maw (internal considerations, or
reasonableness)?[xvii]
Hi
tahfungpawl thawn tah tikah, Westcott le Hort in siseh, mithiam dangdang in
siseh, an kum upat ruangih rinsantlakbik ih an ruah mi Codex Vaticanus (B), Codex
Sinaiticus (), Codex Alexandrinus
(C), le Codex Bezae (D) (Alexandrian
texts) tipawl hi an sam thla lawlaw ih, khat lamah Textus Receptus ih sirhsan mi kutngancapawl Byzantine texts cu an tling ta lawlaw, ti a lang.
2.
Pahnihnak ah,
hlunbik an `hatbik lo thu hi a pawnleng
menih thlirnak si loin, a sung thu taktak zoh tikah a langfiang mi a si.
Saya Hre Kio in kutnganca phun dangdang thu a ngannak ah kutnganca “`habik,”
“tuanbik” le “rinsantlak bik” ih a ret mi cu: (1) Codex Sinaiticus, (2) Codex
Alexandrinus, (3) Codex Vaticanus
(4) Codex Ephraemi, (5) Codex
Bezae, le a dang mallai an si (7-9). Hi panga hi “tuanbik” an si a ti mi
thu ahcun el ding a um lo; an zaten kum zabi 4nk-5nk ih
ngan mi hlir an si. Asinan “`habik” le “rinsantlak bik” an si a ti mi thu hi cu
amai pawmdan men a si ih, a tlunih kan tarlang zo mi tahfungpawl thawn tah tikah
a diklo mi a si.
Hi kutnganca panga ngunngaih zetih rak
zohtu (a taw-lu rak lettu) Burgon cun “rinsantlak lo bik” ah a ruat ve thung. A
hleicein Codex Sinaiticus le Codex Vaticanus hi an besebik a ti.[xviii]
A ti dik maw? A dik tiah kan ruat. Wescott le Hort san laiih textual scholar langsarbik lakih tel ve
Scrivener khalin Codex Sinaiticus hi `haten
a zohhliah hnuah 1864 kum ah A Full
Collation of the Codex Sinaiticus timi cabu a suah ih, hi Codex hi rem rero zo mi, cahmai kip ah a
malbik minung pahra laiih remnak kutneh a lang mi kutnganca a si, a ti.[xix]
Burgon in hi Codex panga pawl a
zohfiang thluh hnuah a ti bet mi cu, hi Codexpawl
hi tui san kutnganca hmuh theih ih um hmuahhmuah lakah za ah sawmkua le pakua tlukin an lungkimpi lo ih, cuitlunah anmah le
anmah lala khal an lung a rual thei lo. A hleicein Sinaiticus le Vaticanus
ih bangawklonak thu ah, “a ngaingai ahcun hi pahnih ahhin a sangsangten cang hnih ti thlepthlepih an bangawknak
hnakin, a sangsangten cang hnih an bangawklonak hmuh a awl sawn,” a ti.[xx] Hoskier khalin hi Sinaiticus le Vaticanus hi a zohtawn (compared)
vivo ih, Thuthang`ha pali sung lawng hmanah
hmun 3,000 lenglo ah an dangaw, a ti ve.[xxi]
Hi thu hi fiangsin dingah
Burgon ih tah`himnak pek mi pakhat ten vun sang sehla. Saya Hre Kio ih “`habik” le “rinsantlak bik” a ti mi Codex Sinaiticus (), Codex
Alexandrianus (A), Codex Vaticanus
(B), Codex Ephraemi (C), le Codex Bezae (D) hi Burgon in a rak zoh
depdep thluh zo ih, rinsantlak an si lo zia langternak ah Luke 11:2-4 ih
“Bawipai Thlacam” thu hi tah`himnak a pe. Hi
cang thum te sungah (Falam Baibal thawn zoh`him
hnik):
(1)
D
in “midangpawl bangin umzia nei lo mi sal nawlh rero hmang hlah uh: ziangahtile
mi hrekkhat cun tampi an sal ruangah theihsak si cuang dingah an ruat. Asinan
nannih cun thla nan cam tikah . . . “ timi Matt 6:7 ta a bet.
(2)
B
le in “kan,” le “vancung ih um mi” timi `awngfang 5 an hlawn.
(3)
D
in “hmin” timi hlanih definite article
“the” a hrelh ih, “kan parah” timi a bet ih, “na uknak” timi a umnak a `hawn.
(4)
B
in “van ih na duhnak tuah a si bangin, leitlun khalah tuah si ve seh” timi a
hlawn. Hi `awngfangpawl in a nei kim thluh nan “khal” (also) hmaiah “cutin” (so)
a bet, “leitlun” timi hmaiih definite
article “the” a hrelh ih, hi zawn ah A, C, le D thawn an bangaw.
(5)
le D in “pe” timi hi a form an
thleng.
(6)
in “ni tin” timi hmaiih definite article
“the” a hrelh.
(7)
D
in “day by day” aiah “this day” a ret, “sual” aiah “leiba” a thleng,
“ziangahtile kanmah rori khal” (for we
ourselves) timi aiah “kannih khalin” (as
also we) a ret.
(8)
in `hen thum `hen hnih tluk D a lungkimpi ih “as also [we] ourselves” a ti ve.
(9)
D
cun “kan parih lei batu hmuahhmuah” (every
one that is indebted to us) aiah “lei in batupawl” (debtors) a ti.
(10 ) B le cun a
netabik ih “thil `halo lak ihsin in hum aw” timi hi an hlawn ih, hi zawnah A,
C, le D an kalh.[xxii]
Hi
kutnganca “tuanbik” panga hi hi cang malte sung hmanih an thurual thei lo zia
hin, thu dang rel tel lo hmanah, rinsantlak an si lo zia fiang tukin a langter
a si. Hi tlunah, Burgon ih sim mi a tlunih langter zo bangin, Grik kutnganca
hmuahhmuah lakih za ah sawmkua tlunin an lungkimpi fawn lo! Curuangah thil um
taktak mi evidence cun a tlunih
kutnganca hlun panga pawl hi “tuanbik” si khal hai sehla “`habik” le
“rinsantlak bik” an si thei hrimhrim lo timi a khihhmuh a si.
Tah`himnak pakhatten vun bet hrih
sehla. Tubaite kum rei tuk hrih lo ah Magdalen College, Oxford University ih um
kutnganca hlun an sar mi a um. A hmin ah Magdalen
GR 17 an ti. Hi thu hi Baptist
Reformed Fellowship Journal in 1996 ah a than. Hi kutnganca hi an mit rori
ih Jesuh Khrih rak hmutupawl (eyewitnesses)
san laiih ngan mi, AD 60 lole cumi hlanih ngan mi a si ding, tiah mithiampawl
in an zum. Hi kutnganca hi a bulcawngte a si ih, Matt 26:7-8, 26:10, 14-15,
22-23, 32-33 lawng a tel. Mithiampawl in `haten an zoh tikah, Textus Receptus thawn phun khat a si ih,
kutnganca “tuan” (a tlunih tarlang zo mi) thluntu NANTG thaw cun an dangaw
lawlaw, ti a si. A hleicein Matt 26:22 ih `awngfang netabik pali ih W&H
Grik Bible le Textus Receptus thawn
an zohtawn tikah, GR 17 le Textus
Receptus hi an bangaw thlepthlep ih, GR 17 le W&H cu an lungrual thei
lo ti a lang: GR 17 – legein auto
hekastos auton; TR - legein auto
hekastos auton; W&H – legein auto
heis hekastos.[xxiii] UBSGNT khalah W&H vek cekciin a um.
An danawknak hi Grik zir lo hrang khalah hmuh theih mai a si. Hi kutnganca GR
17, kum zabi 1nk ih ngan mi cun, “kutnganca tuan” “rintlak bik” tiih
mi hrekkhat ih an ruah mi kutngancapawl (a tlunih tarlang zo mi) thlun ih
suahmi Grik Bible hnakin Textus Receptus
a lungkimpi sawn tariai. Hi hin khat lamah Textus
Receptus ih rintlak sizia a hngetter sinsin ih, khat lamah kutnganca “tuan”
pawlih rintlak silozia a langfiangter deuhdeuh.
Cuitlunah, theihtlak zet thil pakhat
leh cu, hi kutnganca panga le a dang mallai (Alexandrian manuscripts) thlun ih suah mi UBSGNT le NANTG (TEV,
NIV, NASV pawlih sirhsan mi) le kutnganca tamsawn (Byzantine texts) thlun ih suah mi Traditional Text ti khalih kawh mi Textus Receptus (KJV ih sirhsan mi) hi hmun tampi ah an dangaw,
timi hi a si. Jack Moorman in NANTG (26th edition) le KJV lehnak Textus
Receptus bangawklonak hi a zaten a siar thluh ih, hmun 8,000 ah an bangaw
lo a ti. Curuangah a cabu hmin ah “8,000
Differences between the NT Greek Words of the King James Bible and the Modern
Versions” a ti.[xxiv]
Hi bangawlo a timi hi a hrekkhat cu a `awngfang bangaw nan a ngandan bangawlo
tete tla an si ih, a hrekkhat cu a tican dangaw viarviar, Bible cang/catluan/`awngfang
kim lo viarviar tivek tla an si. Hi hin kan khawruahnak ah thu ziangtal in sim
thei lo maw?
3. Pathumnak ah, kutnganca “tuan”
pawl hin nemhngettu an tlasam. “Nemhngettu” kan ti tikan kan sim duh mi
cu: (1) Grik kutnganca ih lungkimpinak, (2) Bible rak leh hmaisat mipawl ih
lungkimpinak, le (3) kawhhran palepawl ih lungkimpinak tipawl hi a si.
Thailang zo bangin, tui san ah Grik
kutnganca 5,000 lenglo a um. Cupawl lakah Saya Hre Kio ih kutngaca “tuan” le “`habik”
a ti mi Alexandrian text type
lungkimpitu cu malte ngaingai (a small
minority) an si ih, Textus Receptus
rung suahnak Byzantine text type
lungkimpitu cu a tamsawn ngaingai (the
vast majority) an si.[xxv]
Grik kutngancapawl hi a tlangpithuin an suahkehnak le a sung thu zohin
mithiampawl in phun li laiah an `hen.[xxvi]
Asinan a taktakah thupiih an ruah mi le an buaipi mi cu Byzantine text-type le Alexandrian
text-type hi an si. Hi kutngancapawl hi ca namnak khawl a suah hnu ahcun
khawl in an run nam ih, cumi ah Byzantine
text-type aiawhtu cu Textus Receptus
a si; Alexandrian text-type aiawhtu
cu W&H Text, UBSGNT, le NANTG an
si. D A Waite ih hliakhlaidan vek a si le, Grik kutnganca (papyrus, uncials, cursives, lectionaries telin) 5255 lakah Textus Receptus lungkimpitu cu 5210 an
si laiah, W&H (UBSGNT le NANTG khal a huap cih) lungkimpitu cu 45 lawng an
si.[xxvii]
Hihi zatek in kan `uat asile, Textus
Receptus lungkimpitu 99%, W&H lungkimpitu 1% tiah a suak.
Cuvek thothoin, khuahlan ih Bible rak
leh mipawl ah siseh (a hrekkhat tla cu Codex
Sinaiticus le Codex Vaticanus
tipawlin khawvang an hmuh hlan khuapi ih rak leh mi an si), khuahlan kawhhran
palepawl in ca an rak ngan mi sungih Bible cang an lak mi, asilole, an khihhmuh
mipawl khalah siseh, W&H, UBSGNT le NANTG hnakin Textus Receptus in lungkimpitu a nei tamsawn ngaingai ti a takram
ah a lang. ~himnak ah, Codex Sinaiticus
le Codex Vaticanus leitlun ih an pian
hlanpiih (hi pahnih hi 350-400 AD hrawngih ngan mi an si) `awng dang ih rak leh
mi Bible, Peshitto Syriac Bible (150
AD hrawngih leh mi), Old Latin
asilole Vetus Itala Bible (kumzabi 2nk
ih leh mi), Curetonian Syriac (Aramaic) Bible (kum zabi 3nk
ih leh mi), Gothic version (kum zabi
4nk ih Ufilas ih leh mi) tipawl hin a tlangpithuin Textus Receptus an lungkimpi.[xxviii]
Cuitlunah, kawhhran palepawlin an ca
ngan mi sungih Bible cang an hman mi le an khihhmuh mipawl khalah Textus Receptus lungkimpitu hi a tamsawn
an si thotho.[xxix] ~himnak ah, kutnganca “tuan” pawl an suah
hlanih ca rak ngan zo tu Justin Martyr (100-165 AD), Irenaeus (130-200 AD),
Alexandria khaw mi Clement (150-215 AD), Tertullian (160-220 AD), Hippolytus
(170-236 AD) tipawl hin Textus Receptus
thawn a bangaw mi Bible an rak hmang.[xxx]
Burgon in kawhhran palepawl ca ngan mi sungih Bible cang hman mipawl (quotations) a khawngkhawm ciamco ih,
cabu ih a suah man hlanah a thih ruangah a rualpi Edward Miller in a run
suahsak. Cumi ah Miller in 400 AD hlanih Grik le Latin kawhhran palepawl ca
ngan mi sung ihsin Byzantine text
(KJV suahnak) lungkimpitu hi 2,630 a si ih, a dang pawl (Alexandrian, Western le
Caesarian) lungkimpitu cu 1,753 lawng a si a ti. Cuitlunah Bible cang
thupideuh sawmthum a zoh tikah Byzantine
text lungkimpitu hi 530 an um laiah, khat lam lungkimpitu cu 170 lawng a
si.[xxxi]
Himi ihsin a fiang mi cu, khuahlanpi ihsin Byzantine
text (TR le KJV suahnak) hi zumtu a tamsawn ih rak hman rero zo mi, lalnak
rak cotu Bible a si, timi hi a si.
Curuangah mi hrekkhat ih kutnganca “tuan”
le “rinsantlak bik” an ti mipawl hin Grik kutnganca tamsawn (overwhelming majority) ih lungkimpinak,
Bible leh hmaisat mipawl ih lungkimpinak, le kawhhran palepawl ih lungkimpinak
an nei mal, an tlasam ngaingai a si. Hihi rinsantlak an silonak langtertu a si
lo ah ziang a si ding?
4.
Palitnak ah, kutnganca “tuan” pawl hi 1800s hlan kulh sung hmuahhmuah ah
leitlun huap zumtupawl ih rak hman mi an silonak hi “rinsantlak bik” an si
theilonak a si.
Saya Hre Kio in “`habik” le “rinsantlak bik” a ti mi Grik kutnganca panga pawl
hi kum 1800s AD hnu lawngih leitlun huap zumtu mipi siar theih ih rung suak
fang an si. Hipawl hi “rinsantlak bik” an si ahcun, cui hlan zumtupawlin
“rinsantlak lo” Bible lawnglawng an rak hmang tinak a si ding ih, cucu Pathian
ih Bible in peknak san thawn siseh, a taktak ih thil rak cang mi thawn siseh, a
kalhaw mi a si. Pakhatnak ah, Bible
cu minung hnenih Pathian phuansuahawknak netabik le famkim, zumnak le nuncan
thu ih thuneitu sangbik a si ruangah, zumtu a falepawl in kan neih, kan siar,
kan theihthiam, le kan nunpi ding hi Pathian ih duh mi a si, ti cu sim tam hman
`ul lo mi a si (siar Matt 24:35; 1 Pet 1:23, 25). Hi hin Bible kan kut ih a um
a `ulzia a langter. Pathian in a tirah a
Thu hi thawtkhum in (2 Tim 3:16; 2 Pet 1:21) a mipawl hnenah a rak pe lawk nan,
cucu himten kilkhawi vivo loin, kum zabi 18 sung lai a diklo mi Bible a mipawl
a hmangter ih, 1880s kum hnu lam lawngah a dik mi a hmangtersal timi hi cu a
ruah men khal ruah ngam ding ci a si lo. Asinan hi cekci hi Saya Hre Kio ih
thu fehpidan in a khihhmuh mi (implied)
a si fawn! Pahnihnak ah, leitlun huap
zumtu mipi vangtlang in san a pehpeh ah an rak hmanbik mi Bible cu kutnganca
“tuan” pawl (Alexandrian texts) si
loin, Textus Receptus rung suahnak
kutnganca “tlai” (Byzantine texts),
tui san ih hmuh theih kutnganca tamsawn pawl (the vast majority) hi an si sawn tihi thuanthu ah el theih loih a
lang zo mi a si. ~awng dangin kan sim asile, kutnganca “tuan” pawl cu 1800s kum
hnu lam lawngih run hman phahphah an
si laiah, kutnganca “tlai” pawl cu tikcu tuan zet ihsin tuisun ni tiang san a
pehpeh ih rak hman tluansuak mi a si.[xxxii]
5.
Pangatnak ah, kutnganca “tuan” pawl hi `etsiat loih an dam ringring mi hin
rinsantlak an sinak hnakin rinsantlak an silonak a langter sawn. Bible ngansawng
vivonak ah a ngansawngtupawl in an ngan `heh tikah an zoh`him mi a hlun cu an tisiat ta `heu, tihi Bible thu
hliakhlaitupawl ih hmuhsuah mi a si. Cuti an tisiat lawng si loin, an hman tam
mipawl cu an `et cingcing ih, cutin a thar an ngansawng vivo. Curuangah zumtu
hmaisa pawlin rinsantlak ih an zum mi an ngansawngsin vivo mipawl cu kum upa
ngaingai um loin, kum note deuh lawnglawng an umnak khal a si. Khat lamah
rinsantlaklo ih an ruah mi kutngancapawl cun siar le ngansawng vivo an hlawh ve
lo; tikcu ziangmawcan sung cu an hung lar lawk `heu nan, a rei tikah hnawn le
hngilh in an um.[xxxiii]
Hi ruangah hin a si Alexadrian text type kutnganca
hlun pawl hi tui san ih hmuh ding an malnak. Curuangah, a netnak ahcun, Pathian
ih lamhruainak in, rinsantlak le a dik mi kutngancapawl in nehnak an co sawn
ih, cutin tui san tiangah tampi hmuh theih le hman reroin an um lanta.
Ruah bet ding um lai mi cu, hlunbik an
sinak lawng rinsantlakbik ih ruattu cun Bible ih mizia a ngainep tuk, timi hi a
si. Leitlun calai menmen fehdan ahcun hlunbik `habik timi hi dik vekih a
langnak a um, ziangahtile a hlundeuhpawl in a thardeuhpawl hnakin a tirih ngan
mi an ngankhum dikdeuh `heu ruangah a si. Asinan hi thu hi Bible ngansawngnak
thu ah laklut thluh a theih lo tihi a Bible ih mizia lala in fiang tukih in sim
mi a si. Cui umzia cu, leitlun cabupawl cu Pathian ih thawtkhum mi, Pathian in
zumtupawl hrangih lo theih loih an neih `ul mi ih a pek mi an si lo ruangah
kilhim vivo dingin thu a kam lo; asinan Bible cu Pathian ih thawtkhum mi (2 Tim
3:16; 2 Pet 1:21; Matt 5:18), amai hmin hnak hmanih a cawisan sawn mi (Sam
138:2) a si ruangah le zumtupawl hrangah lo theih loih kan `ul mi kan zumnak le
nundan tahawknak le thuneitu sangbik a si ruangah, hloral loih kilhim (preserve) kumkhua dingah thu a kam mi a
si (Sam 12:6-7; Matt 5:18; 24:35).
Cuitlunah, a ngaingai ahcun kutnganca
hliakhlainak ah “tuan” vs “tlai” tiih
khaikhin hrimhrim hi a dik tawk lo mi a si. Westcott le Hort lam rak `ang, Revised Version lehnak ih chairman rak `uantu Bishop Ellicott
hmanin Textus Receptus (TR cu “Received Text” ti khalin kawh a si) thu
ah “Received Text cithlahtu hmaisabik cu tui kan neih mi kutnganca lakih upabik
pawl [Sinaiticus le Vaticanus tvk] hnakin a upatsawn lo
hmanah, a si lo bikah khukhri tal cu a si hrimhrim,” a ti.[xxxiv]
Curuangah thu umdan taktak sawn cu, Trinitarian
Bible Society ih an ti vekin, “tuan” le “tlai” ti si loin (“not between an ancient text and a recent
one”), “tuan” veve phun hnih (“two
ancient forms of the text”), phun khat cu rak hnawl zo mi le tampi
ngansawng lo mi, a dang phun khat cu kawhhran in a rak pawm ih a kilhim mi,
tampi a ngansawng mi le a hman peh vivo mi, ti sawnin khaikhin ding a si.[xxxv]
Bible Thiam
Hmuahhmuah ih Pawm mi?
“Tuan
ih nganmi” (early manuscripts) hi a `ha
ih rintlak an si; tlai ih nganmi cabu cu rintlak an si lo . . .” timi hi
“leilung tlun ih Baibal thiam, Baibal thuhla zingzoitu pawl zozo khal in a dik
an ti thluhmi thu a si,” tiah Saya Hre Kio in a ngan (6). Kutnganca “tuan” pawl
khi rintlak an si timi ruahnak a rak suahdan, le cui ruahnak a diklo thu cu
tawiten a tlun lamah kan langter zo. Hitawkah kan zoh bet duh mi cu “Baibal
thiam” hmuahhmuah ih pawm mi a si maw? timi hi a si.
Ngan zo bangin, kutnganca thu ah
“hlunbik `habik” timi ruahnak hi Westcott le Hort hlan ihsin a rak thawk zo
nan, a vawrhlartubik taktak cu anmah pahnih an si. Westcott le Hort ih ruahnak
hin an lehhnuih Bible thiam tamtak a run ciahneh. Liberal sungkua lakah hi
ruahnak in ram a lak hi cu mangbang ding a um lo. Asinan riahsiatza zetin, hi
ruahnak hi B B Warfield in conservative
sungah a luhpi ih, cumi cu Presbyterian ah J Gresham Machen, Southern Baptist
ah A T Robertson, Dallas Theological Seminary ah Lewis Sperry Chafer, Bob Jones
University ah Charles Brokenshire tipawl hmangin a darhzaisin vivo. Cutin
santhar mithiam tamtak a ciahneh (influenced)
vivo. Asinan hivek ruahnak hin Westcott le Hort san lala ihsin dotu a rak nei
zo. ~himnak ah, culai san ih (kum zabi 19bk) textual scholar langsarbik lakih tel, Westcott le Hort khalin an
upat zet mi F H A Scrivener le John William Burgon, Edward Miller, Herman
Charles Hoskier tipawl hin Westcott le Hort ih thu fehpidan hi an rak pawm lo
zo, thil um taktak mi evidence thawn
fehtlang theiin an hmu lo. Burgon ih Westcott le Hort a elnak cabu The Revision Revised tla cu zohman in an
letkir thei lo; a kawk vekin an rak kawk nan, evidence a pek mi le a `ansan taktak (arguments) an rak el neh thei lo, tuisun ni tiang a hmun lai.
Hipawl san hnu ahhin Textus Receptus humnak malte a dai deuh
lawk. Asinan Burgon ih ca ngan mipawl hin lungphum a rak phum hnget tuk zo
ruangah, cuti dai lanta thei ding a si lo. Harvard mithiam Edward F Hills in Textus Receptus humnak cabu “The King James Version Defended” le “Believing Bible Study” 1956 le 1967 kum
ih a suah hnu ihsin “TR Revival” a
rung suak thar sal ih, cucu tuisun ni tiang a dai nawn lo. Mithiam langsar
zetzet David Otis Fuller, Alfred Martin, James Jasper Ray, David Cloud, Dell
Johnson, J Michael Bates, Theodore P Letis, Peter Van Kleeck, David W Daniels, Dean Burgon Society ih D A Waite le Jack
Moorman tipawl, Trinitarian Bible Society
ih G W Anderson, D E Anderson, le Malcolm H Watts tipawl, Timothy Tow, Jeffrey
Khoo, Paul Ferguson, Ian R K Paisley tvk pawlin (hi ca ih ngan thluh cawk lo
midang tampi thawn) “hlunbik `habik” timi ruahnak ih diklozia le
W&H/UBSGNT/NANTG ih rintlak silozia an run hmufiang deuhdeuh ih, Textus Receptus le KJV nasa takin an run
hum. TR le KJV humnak video, online,
cabu le cahram hi siar cawk lo khawpin a tam. Leitlun Bible lakah TR le KJV
tlukih thikse zetih humnak calai nei tam Bible an um zik lo. Curuangah TR le
KJV hi Pathian ih a pek mi laltohkham ihsin hnuhthlak tumtu khuahlan ihsin an
suak `heu nan, tui san tiangah hlawhtling zetin an hnukthla ngaingai thei lo.
Erasmus le Textus Receptus
Textus
Receptus
thu thawn pehparin a tlunih kan ngan mi ah rinsantlak a sizia ziangmawcan a
fiang zo. Hitawkah Erasmus thu kan zoh hlanih malte vun thailang bet duh mi cu,
Saya Hre Kio in Textus Receptus
sungih um mi Bible cang hrekkhat pawl hi rinsantlakbik kutnganca ih tel lo
lehhnuih run “beet” cawp men mi an si a ti mi, le “KJV ih thlunmi Grik Baibal
lakah AD 1000 hlan ih nganmi pakhat hman an um lo” a ti mi hi a si (6-9).
Textus
Receptus sungih Bible cang/`awngfang hrekkhat pawl hi “beet” cawp men mi an
si timi thu thawn pehparin ruah dingih thupi mi cu, a tirih ngan mi (autographs) zoh`him ding a um nawn lo
tikah, mi hrekkhat ih “beet” cawp an timi khi anmai ruahnak men (pure speculation) a si ih, khat lam ah
“beet” mi an ti mipawl khi a diksawn mi an si thei ih, a kim lo mipawl khi
ngansawng hrelh mi a si thei ve, tiin
ruah theih ve (equally reasonable) a
si. Curuangah “beetmi” siih zum ruangah, asilole, “hrelh mi” siih zum ruangah
rintlak/rintlaklo tiin thu thlu mai loin, cui
“beet” le “hrelh mi” ah khuimi deuhin nemhngettu (witness) an nei hngetkhohdeuh
timi sawn hi kan zawtfel `ul mi a si. Hi thu ah a tlun lamih kan ngan zo mi in
“a phi” (answer) a pe zo – Textus Receptus cu Grik kutnganca za ah
sawmkua hnakih tamin an nemhnget, Bible rak leh hmaisat mi tamsawn in an
nemhnget, khuahlan kawhhran palepawl ih ca ngan mi tamsawn in an nemhnget,
tiin.
“Beetmi”?
Tu ah Saya Hre Kio in “beetmi” le
“telh lomi” rinsantlaklo ih a thlak mi Bible cangpawl hi tawiten vun zoh duak
hrih sehla (cf 9-10).
(1)
Matt 6:9-13 – “Uknak le huham le sunlawinak cu a kumkhua
in nangmai ta a si. Amen.” Hi thu ah Saya Hre Kio in “hmaisabik le a `habik
timi Grik Baibal pawl ah a um lo. . . . a tlailam ih nganmi Grik Baibal sung
lawngah a tel; a tuanbik Baibal sungah a tel lo. Curuangah kan lehmi Baibal ah
kan telh lo” a ti (9). UBSGNT le NANTG khalin an telh ve lo. Saya Hre Kio cun
“hmaisabik le a `habik timi Baibal pawl ah a tel lo” a ti nan (`habik a ti mi
hi `habik kan tipi ve lo ti thu cu tanta hrihin), Edward F Hills[xxxvi]
cun, “Hi Bawipai Thlacam cemnak hi kutnganca W (kum zabi 4nk lole 5nk ih ngan mi) le Sigma le Phi (an pahnihin kum zabi 6nk ih ngan mi) telin Grik
Thuthlung Thar kutnganca zate deuhthaw ah hmuh a si (Legg ih simdan vek cun, a
zate hmuahhmuah lakah pahra lawngah a tel lo). Kum zabi 4th ih ca Apostolic Constitutions timi khalah a
tel ih, hi thu simfiangnak a tuah `heu tu Chrysostom (345-407) le hi thu a
lasawngtu (quotes) Pelusium khaw mi
Isidore hnen ihsin nemhngetnak a um bet fawn,” a ti.[xxxvii]
Cuitlunah, Syriac Version pathum Peshitta, Harclean, le Palestinian
khalah a tel, a ti.[xxxviii]
Grik kutnganca lakah hi thu a telhlotu cu Aleph,
B, D, S, le minuscule kutnganca
paruk lawng an si, tiah Legg cun a ti.[xxxix]
Curuangah a tlunih thupawl sirhsanin Matt 6:13b thu hi Textus Receptus le KJV ih a tel vekin a dik mi a si.
(2)
Tirh 9:6 – “cule khur phah le mangbang in Paul
cun, ‘Bawipa, ziangso tuahter i duh?’ tiah a sut.” Hihi tui san ih hmuh theih
Grik kutnganca sungah a tel lo timi hi a dik. Erasmus in Latin Bible Vulgate ihsin a leh mi a si thu
hminsinnak a tuah. Asinan hi ruangah a diklo mi ih thlak mai ding a si maw?
Hills cun hi thu hi Latin Vulgate le
khuahlan theihpitu hrekkhat ih a tel thu a thailang ih, hi cang lawng si loin
hivek phun cang dang hrekkhat thu thawn kawmin hitin ruahnak a pe: “Erasmus in
Textus Receptus sungih a telh mipawl hi a diklo mi an si rori maw? Hitin thu
fehpi ding kan si hrimhrim lo. . . . Latin Vulgate sungih ta Textus Receptus
sungih telh mi malte pawl hi Latin `awng hmangtu Kawhhran hmangih kilhim mi a
dik mi (genuine readings) an si.”[xl]
Tui san ih hmuh theih Grik kutnganca ah a um lo nan Vulgate sungih a um ruangah, Jerome in Grik kutnganca ihsin a rak
let, ti khal hi ruah tel ding mi a si.
(3)
1 John 5:7 – “Vancung ah Pa, Thu le Thlarau Thianghlim an
um: hi pathum hi pakhat an si.” Hi thu ah “Grik Baibal khui hmanah a um lo.
Erasmus ih beetmi a bang” (10) a ti mi hi cu amai zumhmang thil men a si ih, a
diklo lawlaw. Metzger hmanin 1 John 5:7-8 hi kum zabi
12nk ih Greg 88, kum zabi 16nk ih Tisch w 110, kum
zabi 14nk ih Greg 629 tipawl ah an tel a ti.[xli] Hills khalin kutnganca
61 (15nk lole 16nk ih ngan mi) ah siseh, Codex Rabianus ah siseh, 88 le 629 ah
siseh, a tel thu a tarlang.[xlii] Jeffrey Khoo khalin hi
thu hi “Grik kutnganca um lai mi pariat ah hmuh a si ih, a si lo bikah cupawl
lakih panga tal cu kum zabi 16nk hlan ih ta an si,” a ti ve.[xliii] Cuitlunah Tertullian
(AD 155-220) le Cyprian (AD 200-258) tipawl ih rak hman mi Latin Bible Old Latin khalah a tel.[xliv]
(4)
Thuphuan –
Thuphuan cabu thu ah Saya Hre Kio in hitin a ngan, “Erasmus ih hmanmi Grik
Baibal Thuphuan cabu cu 1100-1200 AD ih nganmi a si ih cumi cabu pakhatte (only one manuscripts) lawng a nei. Cuih
cabu sungah Thuphuan cabu ih netabik caang ruk a um lo. Thup 22:15 tiang lawng
a um.) Curuangah amah Erasmus in Latin Baibal Vulgate sung ta kha Grik ah a let
ih cumi cu Textus Receptus sungah a telh” (10). Hi zawnah theih dingih
thupi mi cu, Thuphuan kutnganca hi a tam lo hrimhrim, a tamsawn cu a kimih um
lo mi a bulcawng tete an si, timi hi a si. Curuangah Bible bu dang vekin
duhthusam ih kutnganca rawnkhawm ding a um lo hrimhrim. Saya Hre Kio in Erasmus
ih Thuphuan kutnganca hman mi cu kum zabi 12nk ta a si, a ti mi khal
hi a dik. Asinan ruah tel ding mi cu, Erasmus in hmun kerkawm phungki tlawng
tivek le hnawmpung sung vekih hman loih rak um ringring men mi kutnganca
“tuan,”[xlv] Pathian in leitlun huap
zumtupawl ih hman theih ih a ret mi si lo pawl hmang loin, culai san zumtupawl
hman theih ih rak um Grik kutnganca a hmang sawn, timi hi a si. Thuphuan cang
netabik paruk Latin ihsin Grik ah a let timi thu ahcun, a rak let ngaingai a si
hmanah, hi thu hi ruah cem cih a thupi ding: Erasmus san lai ahcun thu thei
deuh cin Khristianpawl cun a tirih rak ngan mi Bible cu Pathian in a pakhatnak
ah culai san ih hman mi Grik Bible ah, a pahnihnak ah culai san ih hman mi
Latin Bible ah a kilhim (providentially
preserved) a si, tihi an rak zum tlangpi mi (common faith) a si; Erasmus
khal kha himi zumnak in a ciahneh ih, cucu Grik Bible a suahnak ah Pathian in a
hmang a si, tihi.[xlvi]
Cuitlunah, Hoskier cun Latin ihsin Grik ih leh hnakin Erasmus in Grik kutnganca
141 a hmang a si sawn ding, tiah a ti.[xlvii]
(5)
Thup
5:14 – “Amah cu kumkhua in
kumkhua tiang a nung.” Hi thu hi Saya Hre Kio cun “khuitawk
Grik Baibal sung hman ah a um lo” a ti nan, Hoskier cun Codex 57, 137, le 141 ah a um, a ti.
(6)
Efesa
3:14 – “Kan Bawipa
Jesuh Khrih.” Hi
thu ah Saya Hre Kio in, “Hmaisabik nganmi Grik Baibal le khuitawk Grik Baibal
sung khal ih a um lo ruangah kan Baibal ah kan telh lo,” a ti (10). “Hmaisabik
nganmi Grik Baibal” a ti mi hi a simfiang lo nan, rinsantlaklo a si mi Alexandrian text-type sungih Codex Sinaiticus, Codex Vaticanus, le A,
B, C tipawl an si a zumum. Hipawl rinsan an tlaklo thu cu a tlun lamah kan ngan
zo. “Khuitawk Grik Baibal sung khal ih” um lo vekih a sim mi hi cu a diklo
pumhlum mi a si. UBSGNT (4th
revised edition) hmanin cahmai hnuai lamih “textual apparatus” ah kutnganca 2, D, F, G, 075,
104, 424, 436, 459, 1241, 1852, 1881, 1912, 2200, 2464, le Byzantine texts pawlih a tel thu, le khuahlan kawhhran palepawl ih
ca ngan mi khalih a tel thu a tarlang.[xlviii]
Cuitlunah khuahlan Bible leh mipawl ih nemhngetnak tampi um bet lai fawn.
Curuangah hihi Grik kutnganca ih um lo Erasmus ih “beet” cawp men mi a si
hrimhrim lo; TR le KJV sungih a um vekin, Grik kutnganca, Bible leh hmaisat mi,
le kawhhran palepawl ih nemhngetnak a nei mi, a dik mi (genuine reading) a si sawn, tiah kan zum.
(7)
Rom 8:1 – “Tisa duhnak thawn a feh lotu, asinain
thlarau duhnak thawn a fehtu.” Hi thu ah Saya Hre Kio in, “Hmaisabik Grik
Baibal ah a um lo; cu ruangah kan Baibal ah kan telh lo,” a ti hnuah a zaten
khaikhawmin, “Hipawl hi Grik Baibal ah a um lo nain Erasmus ih telhmi hrekkhat
pawl an si,” a ti (10). Hi Bible cang thawn pehparin, “Hmaisabik Grik Baibal ah
a um lo” a ti mi hi khuimi cekci a si ti a simfiang lo. Ziangkhal va si sehla,
“hmaisabik” asilole “tuanbik” Grik kutngancapawl khi rinsantlak an sibik lo,
timi a tlun lamih evidence thawn kan
langfiangter zo mi, kan vung mangsal a si ahcun, hi `ansan (argument) hin ruah a fawm tel lo ti a
lang. Cuitlunah, hi Bible cang sungih cahlawm hi UBSGNT (4th revised edition) hmanin Grik kutnganca 2,
D2, 33vid, 104,
424, 459, 1175, 1241, 1912, 1962, 2200, 2464, le Byzantine kutngancapawl, Bible leh hmaisat mi hrekkhat le kawhhran
palepawl ih ca ngan mi hrekkhat ah TR le KJV ih a tel vek cekciin a tel thu a
tarlang.[xlix]
“Telh lomi”?
(1) Matt 24:36 – “Fapa
in siseh.” Hi thu ah Saya Hre Kio in, “Hmaisa bik ih nganmi sungih a tel
ruangah kan Baibal ah kan telh”; asinan KJV lettupawl cun “an taanta, an telh
lo,” a ti (10). Hi cahlawm hi Grik kutnganca Aleph, B, D, Theta tvk ah
a tel ko nan, Grik kutnganca tamsawn ih a tel lo ruangah kutnganca nemhngettu a
hlawhsam zet mi a si. Cuitlunah, TR in Bible sungih um taktak lo mi “beet” phun
vekih an sim mi hi, hi zawn ahcun kutnganca “tuan” pawlin an “beet” si sawn
ding a bang, ziangahtile “Fapa in siseh
(a thei lo)” timi hi Mark 13:32 thawn thurual dingih “beet” cawp mi si ding a
bang sawn. “Curuangah, hihi Traditional Text [asilole TR] ih bet mi si loin, Aleph B D Theta tvk pawlih aiawh mi
Western le Alexandrian texts pawlih culrual mi (harmonization) a si sawn ti a fiang,” tiah Hills cun a ti.[l]
(2) Tirh 4:25 – “Thlarau
Thianghlim hmangin.” “Grik Baibal a tuanbik ih nganmi sungih a tel ruangah
kan Baibal sungah kan telh,” tiah Saya Hre Kio in a ti (10). Hi zawnih theih `ul
mi cu Textus Receptus, Majority Text, le kutnganca tamsawn
ahcun a tel lo mi a si, tihi a si. Curuangah hrelh mi hnakin fiang seh tiih
“beet” mi a si thei sawn lo maw? A thu umdan zoh tik khalah hiti zawng a hawi
sawn lo maw?
(3) Tirh 16:7 – “Jesuh
. . .” Hitawk khalah Saya Hre Kio ih “a tuanbik ih nganmi Grik Baibal” a ti
mi hi rinsantlak an si thei lo tiih kan langter zo mi , A, B, C, D tvk pawl
kha an si. Erasmus le KJV lettupawl ih hrelh men mi si loin, Textus Receptus, Majority Text,[li] le kutnganca tamsawn ih tel lo hrimhrim
mi a si. Fiang dingih “beet” mi a si thei thotho lo maw?
(4) Rom 8:28 – “Pathian
cun . . .” Hitawkih Saya Hre Kio in, “Hmaisabik
lam ih nganmi Grik Baibal ih a um ruangah kan Baibal ah kan telh,” a ti mi hi
thudik siin a lang lo. Ziangahtile UBSGNT (4th revised edition) hmanin “Pathian cun” timi telhtu kutnganca cu P46,
A, B 81, tipawl lawng an si ih, Saya Hre Kio in hmun dangih a rinsan zet mi B, ,
C, D tipawl hmanin hi zawn ahcun Textus
Receptus le kutnganca tamsawn lungkimpi in “Pathian cun” timi an telh lo
thu a tarlang.[lii]
Curuangah “Pathian cun” timi tel lo mi hi a dik mi a si sawn ih, tel mi sawn
khi fiang seh tiih “beet” mi a si thei sawn lo maw?
(5) 1 Pet 2:2 – “.
. . rundam mi nan si ding.” Hi khal hi Saya Hre Kio cun, “. . . hmaisabik
le a `habik timi Grik Baibal sungih a um ruangah kan Baibal ah kan telh,” a ti
thotho (10). Hi thu ah UBSGNT (4th revised edition) cun zianghman hminsinnak a pe lo. Asinan
tubaiteih suak thar Grik Bible pakhat cun “rundam mi nan si ding” timi telhtu
kutnganca cu Codex Vaticanus a si thu
a tarlang.[liii]
Hi cahlawm hi Codex Vaticanus,
UBSGNT, le NANTG ahcun a tel nan, Textus
Receptus, Majority Text, le
kutnganca tamsawn ahcun a tel lo, tihi hi zawnih theih ding thupi a si.
A
tlunih tarlang mi Bible cangpawl khal ahhin Textus
Receptus le KJV sungih ta vek hi kutnganca “tuan” pawlah tel lo hmansehla,
kutnganca dang tampi ah a tel mi, Bible leh hmaisat mipawl le khuahlan kawhhran
palepawl ih ca ngan mi khalih nemhnget mi an si ruangah, zumtupawl in khuahlan
ihsin an rak siar rero mi lakih tel an si ti a lang ih, rinsantlak an si.
Desiderius Erasmus
Erasmus thu hi mawi lemloin Saya
Hre Kio in a ngan (cf 6-7). Mi zo cio khalin tlinlonak kan neih cio ruangah,
thu dang a rel mi hi cu tanta hrihin, Grik kutnganca thuhla ih Erasmus nun ih
kan zoh ding thupi sawn mi cu, Grik Bible
zohfeltu dingah (edit tuahtu dingah) mitling (qualified) a si maw, timi hi
a si. Mitling si ding cun Bible a zumnak ah rinhmaih ding um lo mi a si a `ul
ih, a thiamnak in a tlin a `ul fawn. Hi thu pahnih ah Erasmus cu sawisel ding
um lo mi a si. Amah duhlotupawl hmanin a thiamnak thu ah sawisel ding an thei
lo. Tulai “mithiam” hrekkhat bangih Bible sawisel hnuaihni le Bible ah “palhnak
a um” ti pawl a si fawn lo. Fimkhur zetih hna`uantu a si thu a `uan kutneh ah a
lang. “[K]hawl ih nam mi Grik Thuthlung Thar zohfelnak (editing) hna`uan `uan dingah Erasmus hnakih mitling (better prepared) Europe pumpi ah zohman
an um lo,” tiah Hills cun a ti.[liv]
Curuangah hi hna`uan thupi `uansuaktu dingah Pathian in a hril ih a hman mi a
si tihi thu kan fehpitdan ding a si sawn lo ding maw?
Erasmus ih tlin le tlinlo thu ah
sawiseltupawlih an sawh `heu mi cu, “humanist”
a si, ti le Roman Catholic a si, tihi a si. Humanist
a si ti hi el ding a um lo. Asinan cui a humanist
sinak cun Grik Bible a zohfelnak a tisiat maw ti hi ngai thupit sawn ding mi a
si. Hi thu ah Hills cun thulai hawlin hitin a ngan, “[Erasmus hi] humanist a si
tihi thu tampi ah a dik, curuangah a khawruahdan ah a Khristian tluansuak
ringring lo, asinan Thuthlung Thar Bible a zohfel taktaknak ah `halo khawpin a
humanism in a tibuai (affected) ti
langter theih mi a um lo.”[lv]
Roman Catholic a si, ti thu ahcun, 1516 kum ih Grik Bible hmaisabik a suah
laiah Protestant Kawhhran Tuah`hatnak
(Reformation) a rak thawk hrih lo
ruangah (ziangahtile Kawhhran Tuah`hatnak cu kum 1517 ihsi rung thawk lawng a
si) zo cio khal Roman Catholic an rak si cio. Martin Luther ih kawhhran tuah`hatnak
dung a rak thlun lohli thei lo lawk nan, sung lam ihsin Roman Catholic rak dotu
a si ih, a netnak ahcun Kawhhran Tuah`hatnak dung a run thlun, tihi a thuanthu
ah a lang.[lvi]
Erasmus in 1517 kum Kawhhran Tuah`hatnak hlan te 1516 kum ngelcel ih Grik Bible
a rak suah man khal hi thil cang hruak “accident”
men si loin, Pathian ih “providence”
a si sawn, ti khal hi ruat tel cih phah dingih thupi mi a si. A san cu,
Kawhhran Tuah`hatnak ih `ulbik mi cu Pathian Thu Bible a si ih, cui Bible lakih
rinsantlakbik mi cu `awng dangih leh mi si loin `awnghram Grik Bible a si fawn.
Erasmus ih Hman mi Grik Kutnganca
Hi thu ah Saya Hre Kio in Erasmus ih
“hmanmi Grik Baibal hi AD 1000 hlan ih nganmi pakhat hman a tel lo,” a ti (7).
Ngan zo bangin, hihi “rinsantlaklo” le “`awn`ai” ih a thlaknak san khal a si.
Thuthlung Thar text thu rori thlur ih
ThD tiang Harvard ihsi rak ngahtu Edward F Hills cun thuanthu dang deuh a nei.
A hnuaiih ta hi cumi khaikhawm mi a si.[lvii]
Erasmus cu Grik Thuthlung Thar zohfel
dingih Basel a ra thlen tikah, a hman theih ih rak um cia Grik kutnganca panga
a hmu. Cupawl cu: (1) 1 (kum zabi 11nk ih ngan mi), (2) 2 (kum zabi
5nk ih ngan mi), (3) 2ap (kum zabi 12nk-14nk
ih ngan mi), (4) 4ap (kum zabi 15nk ih ngan mi), le (5) 1r (kum zabi
12nk ih ngan mi) tla an si. Hi panga lakah a pahnihnak hi kum zabi 5nk
ih ngan mi a si ti hminsin aw. Kutnganca dang teh a hmang maw? A hmang ti
khihhmuhnak (indications) a um.
Erasmus hin Grik Bible a suah hlan 1505-6 ah Latin `awng in Bible a rak let zo.
Hi `um ah Grik kutnganca a hman mi thu theih a si lo nan, a rak hmang ih,
hminsinnak tete (notes) a rak tuah
tiih zum lo a theih lo. Grik Bible suah dingih Basel a feh tikah hi a
hminsinnak tuah mipawl hi a ken a zumum. Cuitlunah Erasmus hin a khualtlawnnak
kip ah Grik kutnganca a hawl phah vivo ih, a san (borrow) thei mi pohpoh hnen ihsin a sang vivo, tihi theih cio mi a
si. Curuangah a Grik Bible suah mi Textus
Receptus cu Basel ih a hmuh mi kutngancapawl sirhsanbik ih suah mi a si ko
nan, a ngah theinak hmun kip ihsi a rak lak cia mipawl a hmang tel cih.
Cuitlunah, hi zawnih ruah tel ding mi
cu, a hmaisa lamih langter zo bangin, Erasmus ih hman mi kutngancapawl kha
“tlai” khalsehla an suahkehnak (ancestor)
taktak cu tulaiih kutnganca “tuan” ti mipawl hnakih kum nauta cuang lo a si
ruangah, “tlai” ti menin “rinsantlak lo” ih thlak theih lo mi a si, tihi a si.
Erasmus le Grik Bible lakih Bangawklonakpawl
Kum 1800s hnu lamih run hmuhsuah mi
kutnganca “tuan” pawl kha Erasmus kut ah a rak thlen man hrih lo ruangah,
“rinsantlak” le “`habik” um cingih hmang man lo, le “rinsantlak lo” le “`awn`ai”
pawl lawng hman vekin Saya Hre Kio in a ngan (7-11). Hihi thudik tluansuak si
theiin a lang lo. Ziangahtile, cui kutnganca “tuan” pawl cu a hman theihin an
rak um hrih lo nan, cui kutnganca “tuan” pawl le “tlai” pawl lakih bangawklonak
um mi tete pawl (variant readings) hi
a rak theih zo thu a Grik Bible suah mi dung lamih simfiangnak a pek mi ah a
lang. Cui simfiangnakpawl cu Grik Bible a suah hlan ihsi a rak timlam cia mi a
si fawn. ~himnak ah, kutngancapawl lakih bangawklonak um mi thubuaideuh Matt
6:13 ih Bawipai Thlacam (tlunih kan simfiang zo mi), Matt 19:9-20 ih milian
tlangvalpa le Jesuh’i biakawknak, Mark cemnetnak thu (Mark 16:9-20), Luke 2:14
ih vancungmipawl ih hla, Luke 22:43-44 thu, John 7:53-8:11 ih uiret lai kaih mi
nu thu, 1 Tim 3:16 ih Jesuh Khrih ih Pathian sinak thu, tivek thubuaipawl hi
Erasmus in a rak buaipi zo ih, fimkhur zetin simfiangnak a pe.[lviii]
Hivek simfiangnak hmanah a fimkhur zet a si ahcun, Bible sung thu taktak ahcun
a fimkhur sinsin ti rinhmaih ding a um lo. Himi ihsin a lang mi cu, Erasmus in Textus Receptus a suah laiah kum 1800s
hnu lam lawngih rung lar thar kutnganca “tuan” pawl (kutnganca malte lawngih
lungkimpi mi) a hmang lo nan, hi kutnganca “tuan” pawl le Byzantine texts pawl lakih thubuai um mipawl thei cia cingin Byzantine texts pawl (kutnganca za ah
sawmkua hnakih tam ih lungkimpi mi) a rak thlun sawn thotho, timi hi a si.
Cuiruangah, kerkawm ah hman loih kum
zabi 18 sung lai rak um ziar men mi, 1800s hlanah zumtu mipi kut ih rak um lo,
cui hnu lam lawngih run hman phahphah
fang men mi, kutnganca tamsawn thaw khalih lungrual thei lo, kutzung siar tham
tluk fangih mal kutnganca “tuan” pawl hi “rinsantlakbik” le “`habik” an si tiih
zum hnakin, an kum nauta hmansehla an thuanthu Tirhthlahpawl san tiang zawt
vivo a theih mi, san a pehpeh ah leitlun huap zumtu mipipawl in an rak hmanbik
mi, tui san tiang khalih cuai thei lo, kutnganca tamsawn ngaingai khalih
lungkimpi mi Textus Receptus hi rinsantlakbik
a si, tiih zum hi thil um taktak mi evidence
in a khihhmuh mi le thil awm-angsawn (more
reasonable) hrimhirm a si lo maw?
“Textus Receptus” timi Hmin hi “Kyaw-ngia” nak men a
si maw?
“Textus Receptus” hmin ra suahnak thu
ah, Saya Hre Kio cun thu dang tel lo “kyaw-ngia” nak menmen ihsi ra suak phunin
a ngan (11-12). Hihi kil khat lawng zoh ih sim mi awkam a si. Khat lamah
“kyaw-ngianak” a tel tihi rinhmaih ding a um lo, asinan khat lam lala ahcun a
dik ve hrimhrim mi a si. Hiti kan ti tikah mi hmuahhmuah pakhat hman hrelh loin
an pawm thluh tinak a si lo. Hi Grik Bible pawmlotu an um ve ko ding. Asinan hi
Grik Bible hi Elzevir in “Textus
Receptus” timi hmin a pek hlan ihsin cui san mipi ih rak pawm tlangpi mi (commonly accepted) a si ih, cui hnu
khalah, langter zo bangin, Westcott le Hort in 1881 kum ih Grik Bible an run
suah hlan kulh sungah nehnak cotu bik a si peh vivo thotho. Elzevir khan thil
rak si rero zo mi zohin hmin a pe a si sawn. Cuiruangah “kyaw-ngianak” rim a
namnak lai um khalsehla, khat lamah a tlangpithuih a dik ve hrimhrim mi a si
ruangah Pathian ih “providence” in a
si, tiih ruah ding a si ko. Cuitlunah zumtu pakhat in “kyaw-ngia” duh ruang
menah Bible sungah thu diklo a ngan ngam (ti palh pang dah ti lo) tiih ruah
hrimhrim hi khawruahdan dik a si thei ding maw?
KING JAMES
VERSION
“King James Verion” timi thuhlu
hnuaiah Saya Hre Kio in KJV suah thawknak thu le KJV ih “tlaksamnak” a ti mi
ziangmawzat a ngan. Cumi lak ihsin pahnih thum te vun cung tahratin
zohhliahsaknak kan neih duh mi cu: Ziangruangah KJV an rak let?, Leh mi maw rem
mi deuh? Khuimi KJV bik? Ziangah KJV ah Apocrypha
a tel? tipawl hi an si.
Ziangruang KJV
An rak Let?
KJV an rak lehnak san thu ah Saya Hre Kio cun Bible tampi
a suah zo ruangih “hnok hnuaihni mi reh seh, ti duhnak” ih leh mi siin a rel
(3). Hihi a diknak lai a um nan, a kimcang deuh lo ih, KJV lehnak san taktak a
langfiangter fawn lo. KJV let dingih thurawtnak a rak suahnak taktak cu, “hnok
hnuaihni mi reh seh, ti duhnak” men lawng si lamlam loin, a rak um zo mi Mirang
Biblepawl `awnghram Hebru le Grik thawn tah`him tikah duhthu an sam tawk lo
ruangah `awnghram thawn a dengaw mi Bible neih duh ruangah a si sawn. Hihi Hampton Court ih thu reltlangnak an neih
`um ih Siangpahrang James hnenih KJV let dingih thu rak bur hmaisabiktu Puritan
John Reynolds ih `awngkam ah siseh, thutitluknak an tuah mi ah siseh, Bible leh
tikih an thlun ding dan an tuah mi ah siseh, fiangten a lang mi a si.
Pakhatnak
ah,
John Reynolds ih `awngkam cu: “. . . a pariatnak Henry le a paruknak Edward in
ram an uk laiih [hman] an sian mi [Bible] pawl cu a `halo mi (corrupt) le ~awnghram (Original) thawn a dengaw lo mi an si ruangah, Bible thar let
dingah . . .” (Hihi theih awl ding zawngih leh mi a si. A Mirang vek cekci cun
hitin a si: “. . . there might be a new
translation of the Bible, because those which were allowed in the reigns of
Henry the eight, and Edward the sixth, were corrupt and not answerable to the
truth of the Original.”).[lix]
Pahnihnak ah, thutitluknak an tuah mi
ah hitin a lang: “~awnghram Hebru le Grik thawn a rualaw theibikin Bible pumpi
let dingah; . . .”[lx]
Pathumnak ah, KJV leh tikih an thlun
ding dan hleinga sungih pakhatnak ah Bishop
Bible thlunbik ding an ti nain `awnghram Bible thawn an thurualawk lawngah (as the Truth of the original will permit)
timi in ramri an khang.[lxi]
Hihin KJV an rak leh laiih an tumtah mi taktak cu `awnghram Hebru le Grik thawn
a dengaw mi Mirang Bible `ha neih an duh ruangah a si, theih hawi ding um loin
a langfiang zet.
Leh mi maw Rem
mi deuh?
“KJV lettu pawl in a zatein KJV
Baibal hi a thar in an let thluh, tiah mi tampi ih kan ruah `heumi cu a dik lo. . . . A thar teih lehmi Baibal, tin a
phaw ih an nganmi cu a dik lomi a si. Mi in KJV hi lei hai seh ti duhnak ih
nganmi a si” (3). KJV an leh laiah a hlanih rak um zo mi Biblepawl an rawn, an
thlun phahphah ti cu theih cio mi a si. A hleicein William Tyndale ih leh mi
tla cu za ah sawmriat tlun an thlun. Asinan hiti Bible um cia an thlun phahphah
ruangah KJV hi a thar ih leh mi a si lo lamlam lo. An leh mi taktak cu `awnghram
Hebru le Grik a si ih, cui `awnghram le Mirang Bible rak um cia pawl an
bangawknak (an rak leh diknak) lawngah an thlun fang a si. Hi ruangah “a thar
ih leh mi” a silonak ding san a um hrimhrim lo. Mirang `awng ih Bible rak um
hnuaihni zo mi hin KJV `hasin dingin a bawm men sawn a si. Cuitlunah, KJV phaw
ahhin “a thar tei leh mi” ti lawngin an ngan lo, “Bible leh hmaisat mipawl
thawn ngunngaih zetih zohtawn le rem mi” (“.
. . & with the former Translations diligently compared and revised, . . .”
) ti an telh.
“Khuimi KJV
bik?”
KJV hi vawi ziangmawzat rem mi (revised) a si ti thu ah el ding a um lo.
Ruah ding mi sawn cu, hi “rem” timi hi ziangvek
remnak a si, timi hi a si. KJV an rak remdan phun hnih a um: (1) khawl ih nam
sual mi rem mi (printing errors), le
(2) Mirang cafang kawmdan thlengawk (changes
in the English language) ruangih rem mi, tiin. ~himnak ah, Saya Hre Kio in
cahmai 4 ih KJV “tlaksamnak” a tarlang mi Matt 26:36 ih “Jesuh” aiih “Judas,”
Exodus 14:10 vawi thum ngan mi, Exo 20:14 ih “lo” hrelh mi, Matt 25 ih “Fala
pahra tah`himnak” aiih “Cabit tah`himnak” tipawl hi leh sual mi si loin, khawl
ih nam sual mi (printing errors) men
hlir an si, ti a fiang. Hivek tipalh mipawl hi KJV lettupawl lakih pahnih
Samuel Ward le John Bois in an rak rem. 1617 kum ah an rem `heh. A phun hnihnak
cu, cafang ngandan rem mi a si. Khuahlan ahcun verb dungah “e” bet an hmang, “v” aiah “u” an ngan, “s” aiah “f”
tvk. ~himnak ah, tulaiih “fear” cu
1611 KJV ahcun “feare,” “moved” cu “mooued,” “evil” cu “euil,” “also” cu “alfo” tvk.
Hivek Gothic le German cafang kawmdan danglam pawl hi 1762 kum ah an rem thluh ih,
1769 kum ah khing rih lam thu reldan (weights,
measures, coins) khal an rem (updated)
thluh. [lxii]
Hi khawl ih nam palh mi le cafangkawmdan thleng mi tete vek hi a tican danglam
thluh koih thleng mi, asilole leh sual mi vek phunin uak tukih rel ding ci an
si lo.
Saya Hre Kio in KJV ih “palhnak an remmi
thawngkul (20000) a um” tiah William Kilburne in a ti (3), a ti mi, le American
Bible Society in “thawng kul hluanli (24000)” bangawklonak a um,[lxiii]
an ti, a ti mi khal hi 1611 KJV le tulai KJV a thawk ihsin a cem tiang tah`him
thluh tu D A Waite ih hmuhsuah mi thaw cun a bangaw lo zet. Waite cun Semtirnak
ihsin Thupuan tiangah hna ih ngai tikih awsuah dangawlo (`himnak ah, “blind” le “blinde”) tel loin, hna ih theihtheih cin ah KJV ih `awngfang
791,328 sungah 421 lawng thleng mi a
um; himi sung khalah a tamsawn cu awsuah danglamter thei cafang kawmdan thleng
mi men (`himnak ah, “toward” ihsin “towards” ah, “burned” ihsin “burnt”
tvk) an si ih, thleng titlak ngaingai cu 136
lawng a um, a ti.[lxiv]
A tlunih kan tarlang mi vek KJV remnak
hmuahhmuah cu 1769 kum ah `heh thluh a si ih, hihi tui san ih kan hman mi KJV a
si. Danawknak pipa a um lo. Curuangah tui san ih KJV hi 1611 ih KJV thawn a
sung thu taktak ah a bangaw mi an si, ti theih a si. “Khuimi KJV bik?” tiih
buaipitlak ngaingai a tling lo.
Ziangah KJV ah Apocrypha a Tel?
KJV an leh laiih Apocrypha an rak leh tel le an run suah mi khalih an telh thu hi
Saya Hre Kio cun KJV ih “tlaksamnak” pakhat siin a hmu. “An leh tikah Roman
Catholic Kawhhran ih Baibal “Apocypha” khal an telh; Protestant Baibal hnakin
cabu 15 a tam deuh. (RC Kawhhran hotu pakhat Jerome hman in AD 420 hrawngah Latin
Baibal Vulgate a leh tikah hi Apocrypha hi a telh lo mi a si.)” (4).
Hi zawnih ruah tel ding thupi mi cu, Apocrypha rak telhtu hi KJV lawng a si
lo, culai san ih Bible, `himnak ah, Wycliffe Bible le Geneva Bible tivekpawl
khalin an rak telh ih, Protestant Bible hmuahhmuah ihsin Apocrypha telh nawn lo
hi tidan tlangpi (norm) a rung sinak
cu kum zabi 19th lawngin a si, timi hi a si. Cuitlunah KJV
lettupawlin Apocrypha hi thawtkhum mi
(inspired) Bible ah an ruat hrimhrim
lo, an leh tik khalah fimkhur zetin an let lo. Curuangah Scrivener cun,
“Apocrypha cun 1611 ih Bible remtupawl le an hlanih mipawl hnen ihsin fimkhur
zetih ngaihsaknak a hlawh lo ti cu Bible thiam (Biblical scholars) pawlih theih
cio mi a si . . .” a ti.[lxv]
KJV le Fundamentalist Lungput
KJV thu a ngannak a thawk lamah Saya
Hre Kio in, “’Fundamentalist’ hrekkhat lungput cu, ‘KJV siar lo, Baibal dang
siar ding a si lo, KJV lawng hi a dikmi, Pathian thawtkhum mi a si”; “anmah
pommi le hmuhmi ih tlun ah midang hmuhmi cu an pom lo lawng a si lo; Satan ta
tluk ah an ruat. . . . An lungput hi phundang deuh a si,” tiin fundamentalist lungput a hmuhdan a
tarlang (2). Cuitlunah fundamentalistpawl cun Bible urkang an hmang ti tla a
telh ih, “cuti ih lungput le nun cu Khristian lungput le nun ah Fundamentalist
hrekkhat pawl cun an ruat. Pathian ih fialmi tluk ah an ruat,” a ti bet (3). Hi
zawnah thu pahnih tawiten thailang duh ve mi a um.
Pakhatnak
ah,
fundamentalism thuanthu zoh tikah, fundamentalist hrekkhat pawl cu an feh
luantuk `heu ngai. Hihi el ding a um lo. Asinan hivek luantuk lungput le fehdan
hnihkhat hi fundamentalist hmuahhmuah lungput a si hrimhrim lo ih, fundamentalist dang pawl lala ih pawmpi
lo mi le pawi ti zet mi a si, ti hi cu hmuhsakawkpi sehla a `ha zet ding. Fundamentalist lakah thil umdan
ciamciamtei zoh ih cuai thlaitu, evidence
hngetkhoh zet sirhsan ih pawmtu tampi an um. Fundamentalist lungput ngaingai cu ziang thu hmuahhmuah ah, zumnak
le ni tin nun thu ah siseh, thuneitu sangbik, thutawp simtu, tahawknak ding cu
sualtheilo le sualtello Pathian Thu Bible lawng a si, timi hi a si.
Pahnihnak ah, “KJV lawng hi
. . . Pathian thawtkhum mi a si” an ti, a ti mi te hi. Hi zawnah theih dingih
thupi zet mi cu, ziangvek Bible, ziang `awng ih leh mi khal va si sehla, leh mi (translation) pohpoh cu, ziangtlukih `ha le Pathian hman mi a si
khalle, Pathian ih thawtkhum mi an si lo, tihi a si. Bible ih zirh mi
thawtkhumnak cun a tirte ih Pathian pek mi `awnghram Hebru le Grik (autographs) lawng a huap (2 Tim 3:16), `awng
dang ih leh mi a huap thei lo. Curuangah `awng dang ih leh mi, `himnak ah KJV
tivek hi “Pathian thawtkhum mi a si” titu cu mi hnihkhat te ngaingai, Peter
Ruckman le a hopawl vial an si ih, pawmdan diklo a si. Fundametalist le KJV `antupawl lala in hihi an do rero mi a si.[lxvi]
KJV ih
Rinsantlak Sinak[lxvii]
Leitlun ih Bible leh mi tamtak um mi
lakah khuimi khi rinsan a tlakbik ti khaikhinnak ah thil a sinak ngaingai
hmufiang thei ding cun, asilole thudik pem thei ding cun, lo theih loih zoh tel
ding mi thil a malbik ah pali a um. Cupawl cu: (1) Bible lehnak ih hman mi
Hebru le Grik Bible (the underlying texts),
(2) Bible lettu[pawl] ih tlinnak (qualification
of the translator[s]), (3) Bible lehdan (method of translation), le (4) Leh suak
taktak mi (final product) tla an si.
Hi pali hi `hen theih loih sihcihaw thluh an si. Bible
lettu cu ziangtlukih mithiam le tling siin lehdan dik thlun khal sehla, a
sirhsan mi Hebru le Grik (asilole Mirang Bible) rinsan a tlak lo ahcun, a
lehsuak mi cu Bible `ha le rinsantlak a tling thei lo ding. Cuvek thothoin, a
sirhsan mi Hebru le Grik Bible cu ziangtlukin `ha khalsehla, a lettu cu mi
tling lo a si ih, lehdan dik a thlun lo a si ahcun, a lehsuak mi cu ziangti
hmanin Bible `ha le rinsantlak a si thei lo ve ding. Hi cuailung pali thawn
cuai thlai tikah, KJV cu Mirang Bible lakah a cuai a ritbik mi, Bible `ha le
rinsantlak a si, ti a lang. Ziangahtile KJV cu, a tlun lamih langter zo bangin,
a sirhsan mi Hebru le Grik Bible a `ha, a lettupawl cu England ram pumpi ih
mithiam filawr hlir an si lawng si loin Pathian mi an sinak ah le Bible thurin
an pawmdan ah sawisel ding um lo hlir an si ih, an lehdan ah lehdan dik (verbal/formal equivalence) an thlun fawn
tikah, an lehsuak mi cu Bible `ha maksak “ro tling” lawlaw a si.
KJV a suahnak hi tu cun kum 400 a luan
zo. 2011 kum kha kum 400 a kimnak a si. Cumi sunlawihnak ah England ram ih Trinitarian Bible Society tla cun 2011 kum sung hmuahhmuah KJV
thuhla simnak hmun dangdang ah thla tin an nei vivo. Cabu le cahram khal tampi
an suah. America khalah Dean Burgon Society in Collingswood ah KJV kum 400 kim lungawi
thu simnak a tuah. Ram dangdang khalah kawhhran dangdang in hivek an tuah
hnuaihni. American Congress pi rori
hmanin KJV hi America rak hngawr neh
zet tu a sizia an theihpinak le an lungawinak ca an suah (2011 kum ih 112th Congress thu suah mi
“thubet” ah siar aw). KJV cu a suah thawk ihsin tuisun ni tiang dodaltu tam zet
lakah le a lalnak cuh tumtu Bible tam zet lakah Pathian in a humhim ih, dinhmun
danglam zet a pek mi, mangbangza ih thlawsuah a pek mi, le minung thawng tamtak
nunnak hngawrtu ih a hman mi Bible a si ringring lai.
THUNETNAK
A tlunih kan ngan mi ihsin a
langfiang mi cu, tui san ih hmuh theih Grik kutnganca “tuan” pawl khi a “tlai”
pawl hnakin rinsantlak an si sawn lo, tihi a si. Kutnganca “tlai” ti mipawl khi
an suahkehnak thuanthu zawt vivo tikah kutnganca “tuan” ti mipawl hnakin an
“tlai” taktak cuang lo. Cuiruangah kutnganca “tuan” le “tlai” tiih khaikhin
hrimhrim hi a dik tawk lo mi a si. Cuhnakin kutnganca “tuan” veve, phun bangawlo,
tiin khaihin sehla an sinak dik a lang sawn. Cuitluanah, Grik kutnganca cu an
kum upat le nauhak men lawngin zoh loin, Grik kutnganca dang ih nemhngetnak,
Bible rak leh hmaisat mipawl ih nemhngetnak, le khuahlan kawhhran palepawl ca
ngan mi ih nemhngetnak tipawl thawn zohtawn sawn ding a si ih, hitin cuaithlai
tikah Grik kutnganca kum upa mallai sirhsan ih suah mi (khawl ih nam mi) Grik
Bible W&H Text, UBSGNT, NANTG tipawl (Falam Baibal rung suahnak) hnakin
Grik kutnganca kum nauta le a tamsawn sirhsan ih suah mi Textus Receptus hi rinsantlaksawn ngaingai a si, ti fiangten a
lang. Himi in (thu dang rel tel lo hmanah) “Falam Baibal Thianghlim hi rinsan a
tlak ngaingai maw?” timi thusuhnak “aphi”
(answer) a pe cih tiah kan ruat. KJV
cu, hi rinsantlak Grik Bible Textus
Receptus ihsin zohmanih zuam theih rual loih dik le mawi in rak leh mi a si
ruangah, Mirang Bible lak ahcun rinsan a tlakbik mi Bible a si. Cuvek thothoin,
hi Textus Receptus le KJV ihsin `awng
dang ih leh mi Bible khal, a lettu(pawl) in dik zetin a(n) let a si ahcun,
rinsantlak a si ve fawn ding. A tawinak cun, Grik Bible ah Textus Receptus a `habik ih, Mirang Bible ah KJV a `habik. Cucu thu
hngetkhoh (strong evidence) in a
nemhgnet mi a si. Hivek Bible `ha Textus
Receptus le KJV ihsin dik le mawi zetih leh mi kan `awng in suak thei lohli
hram seh, tihi zumtupawl in kan zuam ding le kan thlacam ding a si lo ding maw?
A siartu hmuahhmuah Pathian in malza
lo sawm cio hram seh.
January
28, 2012
Yangon,
Myanmar
[i] Stephen Hre
Kio, “Falam Baibal Thianghlim hi rinsan a tlak ngaingai maw?” (PDF), http://chinlandtoday.info/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Falam-Baibal-Thianghlim-hi-Rinsan-a-tlak-ngaingai-maw.pdf ah siar
theih a si. Hi ca hi December 5, 2011 ih a rak ngan zo mi a si nan, tui ca
ngantu cun January 11, 2012 lawngah a siar ngah. Saya Sui Lian Mang ih “Bible
Dangdang Khaikhinnak” khal hi November 26, 2011 ih a rak ngan mi a si hmang
nan, tui ca ngantu cun January 12, 2012 lawngah a siar ngah. A netadeuh hi online ah siar theih a si: http://chinlandtoday.info/2011/11/bible-dangdang-khaikhinnak/
Hi ca pahnih hi tui ca ngantui kut a thlen tlaideuh ruangah duh vekin tui ca hi
a suah lohli thei lo ih, cumi ah theihthiamsak dingah zangfah a lo dil duh.
Hmin kawhawkdan
thu ah Kawlram ahcun Pathian hna`uantu cu “Saya” tiin kan kawhawk tlangpi
ruangah, hi ca sung ahcun “Saya” ti lawng hman vivo a si ding. Phun dang ah
ruah ding a si lo.
[ii] Falam Baibal
rinsan a tlak taktak le taktak lo thu kimcang deuh ih siar duhtui hrangah tui
cangantui ngan mi Mirang `awng in siar ding a um: Biak Lawm Thang, Examination and Evaluation of Falam Chin
Revised New Testament under the Textus Receptus and King James Bible, ThM
Thesis (Singapore: Far Eastern Bible College, 2008).
[iii] Stephen Hre
Kio, Baibal Leh Daan (Guam: np,
1995); “Is King James Bible the Best English Version?” Zomi Theological College Annual Magazine (1998): 41-48; “Falam Baibal sungah ‘Caang Pumpi
Hrelhmi’ A Um Maw?” Vankau Arsi (2002):
33-39.
[iv] Hihi theih awl
ding zawngih ngan men mi a si. Kutnganca hmuhsuah mi hi a karh vivo ih, Grik
kutnganca paziat a um ti thu ah mithiampawl in an zohsobik mi, kutnganca nasa
zetih hliakhlaitu (textual critic)
German mithiam Kurt Aland le Barbara Aland cun 1967 kum ah 5,255 a um an ti
lawk nan, 1989 kum ahcun 5,488 tiang hmuhsuah zo siin an rel. Kurt and Barbara
Aland, The Text of the New Testament: an
Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern
Textual Criticism, 2nd ed, 1989, cited by Malcolm H Watts, The Lord Gave the Word: A Study in the History
of the Biblical Text (London: Trinitarian Bible Society, 1998), 17. 1983
kum ih United Bible Societies ih suah
mi The Greek New Testament (4th
edition, Introduction, 5-22) cun 5,490 umin a tarlang. Hi kutngancapawl hi a
bu pum hlir si loin a bulcawng tete tivek an si ih, an pian khal a bangaw thluh
hai lo.
[v] Mi hrekkhat in
Grik kutnganca 5000 lenglo um mi hi pakhat hman a bangaw mi an um lo an ti
`heu. Hihi uar luan tuk thu (overstatement)
a si, ziangahtile zovek mithiam hmanin a zate ngaingaiih zohtawn (compared) thluhtu an um lo. A taktak
ahcun a bangaw cekci mi (identical)
khal an um ve. Kutnganca thu nasa zetih hliakhlaitu Wilbur Pickering in amah
rori ih hmuahsuah mi ah bangaw thlepthlep an um thu hitin a ngan: “Down with carnards! In graduate school
(theology) I was taught that no two MSS of the NT are identical in text. If we
consider a book at a time, which I take to be the only reasonable demand, the
statement is not true. Taking only the MSS that I myself have collated (copies
in my possession), I have fourteen with an identical Text for Philemon,
seventeen for 2 John, sixteen for 3 John, twelve for Jude, five for Titus and 2
Thessalonians, three for Galatians, Colossians and 1 Thessalonians, and two for
Ephesians, Philippians, James and 2 Peter. As I collate more MSS these numbers
can only go up. The shortest books have the highest scores because the copyists
didn’t have time to get tired or bored. For all that, the care with which the
monks did their work is impressive. I invite all who read this to join me in
exposing this canard,” online at http://evangelicaltextualcriticism.blogspot.com/. Cited in
Jeffrey Khoo, The Bible Stands: Textual
Reception or Textual Criticism? unpublished lecture note (Singapore: Far
Eastern Bible College, 2008), 139.
[vi] Hi zawnah
Germany ram hi, Pathian ih phuansuakawknak Bible cu zumnak le nuncan thu ih
tahawknak dik umsun le thuneitu sangbik a si timi, Bible ih dinhmun diktak, a
laltohkham ihsin a hnukthlatu liberalism le
rationalism (minung khawruahnak le
fimnak rori thupibik ih rettu) rak keuhsuahnak bupi a si ti kha hngilh lo
sehla, thil umdan kan hmuhfiang bet phah a zumum.
[vii] Bruce M
Metzger, The Text of the New Testament:
Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration, 2nd ed (Oxford:
Oxford University Press, 1968), 119, 121. Hipa hi tulai mithiam tampi in an
hlirso zet mi a si ih, hi a cabu khal hi Bible tlawng tampi ah textual criticism thu ih “standard” tluk deuhthaw hialih an hman
zet mi a si. Saya Hre Kio tla cun hipai ca ngan mi A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament cu “Khuimi so a
hmaisabik ih nganmi . . . a si tiih an
zingzoinak le cuai an thlaimi pawl fianternak ah cabu an ngan mi lakih a `ha
bikmi” a ti. Stephen Hre Kio, Khristian
Thupom (Yangon: Falam Baptist Pawlkom, 2006), 13, footnote. Asinan Metzger hi mithiam pakhat cu si khal sehla, rinsan
a tlak ngaingai lo mi a si. ~himnak ah, 1 John 5:7 thu thawn pehparin, Erasmus
in Textus Receptus a rak suah laiah,
hi Bible cang tel mi Grik kutnganca pakhat hman a neih lo ruangah a rak telh lo
lawk nan, lehhnuah hi Bible cang tel mi Grik kutnganca pakhat te sarsuah a si
ahcun telh leh dingin thu a rak kam; cule cuvek kutnganca cu run hmuhsuah a si
– asilole a telh ding duh tuk ruangah midang in an tuah hrim, tiin thuanthu a
phuah. Hihi mi hrekkhat cun thudik ah an ruat ih, an aupi ciamco. Curuangah
santhar Bible tampi ah, Falam Baibal telin, hi cang hi an telh lo. Asinan
Erasmus thuhla thei zettu (Erasmian
expert) Leiden University ih Henk J de Jonge in a ca ngan mi “Erasmus and the Comma Johanneum” timi ah
Metzger ih thuanthu phuah mi hin sirhsan zianghman a neih lo thu fiang tukin a
run ngan. Curuangah Metzger in lehhnuih a suahsal mi 3rd edition ahcun a cabu sungah a rem duh lo nan footnote (p 291) ah Erasmus le John 5:7
thu hi “rem a `ul ding” (needs to be
corrected) tiin a rak tisual thu a run phuang. Cf Jeffrey Khoo, “Bruce
Metzger and the Curse of Textual Criticism,” The Burning Bush 15/1 (January 2009): 41-45.
[viii] Ibid, 124.
[ix] Cf J Harold
Greenlee, Introduction to New Testament
Textual Criticism (Grand Rapids: Wm B Eerdmans, 1964), 77. Westcott le Hort
cun “intrinsic probability,” “transcriptional probability” tivek theory an phuah. Asinan hi theorypawl hi zumhmang thil (pure guesswork), thil um taktak mi in a
lungkimpi lo mi an si.
[x] A pahnihnak
khal hi a dik mi a si thotho lo. Asinan hi thu cu Saya Hre Kio in a ngan tel lo
ruangah hi ca ah kan dai tel lo ding.
[xi] An zumdan hitin
an ngan: “. . . it is our belief (1) that readings of B should be accepted as
the true readings until strong internal evidence is found to the contrary, and
(2) that no readings of B can safely be rejected absolutely, . . . especially
where they receive no support from Versions or Fathers.” B F Westcott and F J A
Hort, Introduction to the New Testament
in the Original Greek (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1882), 225. Cited by
George Skariah, The Biblical Doctrine of
the Perfect Preservation of the Holy Scriptures, ThD dissertation
(Singapore: Far Eastern Bible College, 2005), 37.
[xii] David Otis Fuller, ed, Which Bible? (Grand Rapids:
Institute For Biblical Textual Studies, 1990), 2.
[xiii] John William
Burgon, The Causes of the Corruption of
the Traditional Text, cited in D A Waite, A
Brief Summary of the Causes of the Corrupton of the Traditional Text
(Collingswood NJ: The Bible for Today Press, 1997), 3.
[xiv]
Kurt Aland, "The Significance of the Papyri for
Progress in New Testament Research," The Bible in Modern Scholarship,
ed J Philip Hyatt, 333, cited in Fuller, Which Bible?, 27, footnote.
[xv] G W Anderson, What Today's Christian Needs to Know About
the Greek New Testament (London: Trinitarian Bible Society, 1994), 4.
[xvi] John William
Burgon, The Revision Revised: A
Refutation of Westcott and Hort’s False Greek Text and Theory (Collingswood:
Dean Burgon Society Press, reprinted, nd), 8-10.
[xvii] Cited by Edward
F Hills, “The Magnificent Burgon” in Which
Bible? ed, Fuller, 92.
[xviii] Amai ngandan
vek cekci cun, “ B . . . are . . . most scandalously
corrupt copies extant: – exhibit the
most shamefully mutilated texts which are anywhere to be met with: – have
become by whatever process (for their history is unknown), the despositories of
the largest amount of fabricated
readings, ancient blunders, and
intentional preservations of Truth: – which are discoverable in any known
copies of the Word of God.” Burgon, Revision
Revised, 16.
[xix] Cf Jeffrey
Khoo, Kept Pure in All Ages: Recapturing
the Authorised Version and the Doctrine of Providential Preservation (Singapore:
Far Eastern Bible College Press, 2001), 49-51.
[xx] Burgon, Revision Revised, 16.
[xxi] Cited by D A
Waite, Defending the King James Bible: A
Fourfold Superiority (Collingswood: The Bible For Today Press, 2002), 59.
[xxii] Burgon, Revision Revised, 34-6.
[xxiii] Cited in Khoo, Kept Pure, 67-68.
[xxiv] J A Moorman, 8,000 Differences Between the NT Greek Words
of the King James Bible and the Modern Versions (Collingswood: The Bible
For Today, 2006).
[xxv]Kutnganca
thuanthu zoh tikah, Textus Receptus
asilole Traditional Text ti khalih
kawh mi rung suahnak Byzantine texts
pawl hin kutnganca phun dang pawl (Alexandrian,
Western tvk) lakah khuahlan lai ihsin lawn theih lo mi dinhmun, asilole
nehnak laltohkham an rak co tihi el theih loih a lang mi a si. 1800s laiih Textus Receptus rak hua zettu Westcott
le Hort cun hi thu hi a simfiang ngaihnak an theih lo ruangah “Syrian Recension” asilole “Lucan Recension” timi thuanthu an
phuah. Kum zabi 4nk ah Antioch asilole Antioch kiangah kawhhran
hruaitu palepawl tawnkhawmawknak an nei ih, cui `um ah kutnganca dang pawl cu
hnawl thluhin Textus Receptus
lungkimpitu Byzantine kutngancapawl
lawng an pawm ih kawhhran ih hman ding “official
text” ah an can; hi ruangah hin a si tui san ih um lai kutnganca tamsawn
khi Byzantine texts an sinak, tiah an
ti. Asinan hi thuanthu ih thubuai um mi cu, kawhhran thuanthu ngankhumnak khui
hmanah hivek a rak um dah thu ngan mi a um lo, timi hi a si. ~awng dangin kan
sim asile, hi thuanthu hin “historical
evidence” a tlasam, tinak a si. Hihi thil danglam zet cu a si ding,
ziangahtile kawhhran palepawlin cutlukih a thupi mi (ziangahtile Khristiannak
ah Bible hnakih thupi a um lo) thu an rak rel si sehla, ngankhumnak (record) um hrimhrim dingih mawi a si, a
san cu kawhhran ih thupi hlapi dang relkhawm mipawl ngankhum ih an um thluh
ruangah. Hivek nemhngettu nei lo thuanthu an rak phuahnak hi Textus Receptus huatnak le evidence hlawhsam zet cingih Alexandrian kutnganca (Aleph, B tipawl) hramhram ih `an an duh
ruangah siin a lang. Curuangah santhar mithiam tampi cun hi zawnah Westcott le
Hort ih thu hi an pawmpi thei nawn lo. Burgon tla cun hi thuanthu hi Hort ih
“mang man mi” men a si, a ti phah hngehnge.
[xxvi] A dang pahnih
cu: (1) Western text type, le (2) Cesarean text type an si.
[xxvii] Waite, Defending the King James Bible, 56.
[xxviii] Ibid, 56.
[xxix] Ibid, 56-58.
[xxx] Watts, 21.
[xxxi] Edward Miller,
“The Antiquity of the Traditional Text” in John William Burgon, The Traditional Text of the Holy Gospels
Vindicated and Established (London: George Bell and Sons, 1896), 121. Cited
in Watts, 22.
[xxxii] “Phahphah” ka
tinak cu, 1800s hnu lam khalah a hmanglotu an tam tuk lai ruangah a si. Textus Receptus hi Tirhthlahpawl san
ihsin tui san tiang hman peh vivo a si thu D A Waite in “historical evidences” 37 a pe. Cf Waite, Defending the King James Bible, 44-48.
[xxxiii] Edward F Hills,
Believing Bible Study, 2nd
ed (Des Moines IA: Christian Research
Press, 1984), 34.
[xxxiv] The Revisers and the Greek Text of the NT by
Two Members of the NT Company, 11, 12, cited in The Divine Original (London: Trinitarion Bible Society, nd), 9.
Paranthesis added.
[xxxv] Ibid.
[xxxvi] Edward Freer
Hills hi America ram ih tlawng hminthangbik lakih tel Yale University ihsin “Latin and Phi Beta Kappa” dinhmun
tiangih degree rak ngahtu a si lawng
si loin, Bible tlawng ih ThM a ngah hnuah “New
Testament text criticism” rori zirin ThD tiang Harvard ih rak ngahtu a si. “Latin and Phi Beta Kappa” timi cu kan
`awng cun “thiam filawr cungcuang” ti tluk a si ih, rampi in a tlawngkainak
hmuahhmuah cawm thluh ding tiangih an duh mi tinak a si.
[xxxvii] Edward F Hills,
The King James Version Defended (Des
Moines IA: Christian Research Press, 1984), 146-7. Hills in hi thu hi Grik
kutnganca hrekkhat, Bible leh hmaisat mi hrekkhat le kawhhran palepawl hrekkhat
ih an telhlonak san kimcang deuhin 147-150 ah a simfiang.
[xxxviii] Ibid, 148.
[xxxix] Cited in Ibid,
149.
[xl] Ibid, 200-1.
[xli] Metzger, 101-2.
[xlii] Hills, KJV Defended, 209.
[xliii] Khoo, Kept Pure, 87.
[xliv] Ibid. 1 John
5:7-8 thu thukdeuh ih hliakhlai bet duhtu hrangah 1 John 5:7-8 humnak cabu `ha
maksak cu, Michael Maynard, A History of
the Debate Over 1 John 5:7-8 (Tempe AZ: Comma Publications, 1995) a si.
[xlv] Kutnganca
“tuan” tiih mi hrekkhat ih an hlirsoh zet mi Codex Vaticanus cu Pope ih library sungih hman loih rak um ringring
mi a si; Codex Sinaiticus cu St
Catherine phungki tlawng hnawmpung sung ihsin Tischendorf in a sar mi a si. An
pahnihin kum 1800s hnu lam lawngih mipi hmaiih rung lang fang an si; cui hlan
an thuanthu theih a si lo, rak hman mi an si fawn lo. Cf Burgon, Revision Revised, 319, 342-3; David W
Daniels, Answer to Your Bible Version
Questions (Ontario: Chick Publications, 2003), 145-55; Biak Lawm Thang,
“Codex Sinaiticus () le Codex Vaticanus (B),” Sola Scriptura (April 2005): 13-24.
[xlvi] Hills, Believing Bible Study, 192-3.
[xlvii] Cited in Ibid,
199.
[xlviii] UBSGNT, 660.
[xlix] UBSGNT, 538.
[l] Hills, Believing Bible Study, 97.
[li] “Majority Text” timi cu, Zane C Hodges
le Arthur L Fastad ih suah mi, The Greek
New Testament According to the Majority Text, 2nd ed (Nashville:
Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1985) Grik Bible a si.
[lii] UBSGNT, 541.
[liii] Tigran
Aivazian, ed, , The New
Covenant: The Greek New Testament, Stephanus 1550 Received Text with 7798
Textual Variant Notes, Containing All the Readings of Four Printed Editions (London:
Bibles.org.uk, 2005),.
[liv] Hills, Believing Bible Study, 191.
[lv] Ibid, 189.
[lvi] Ibid.
[lvii] Hills, Believing Bible Study, 193.
[lviii] Hills, Believing Bible Study, 194.
[lix] C P Hallihan, The Authorised Version: A Wonderful and
Unfinished History (London: Trinitarian Bible Society, 2010), 43.
[lx] Mirang `awng
cun hitin a si: “That a translation be
made of the whole Bible, as consonant as can be to the original Hebrew and
Greek; . . .” Laurence M Vance, A
Brief History of English Bible Translations (Pensacola: Vance Publications,
1993), 25.
[lxi] Ibid, 25-27.
[lxii] Jeffrey Khoo, KJV Questions & Answers (Singapore:
Bible Witness Literature Ministry, 2003), 13.
[lxiii] Ibid, 5.
[lxiv] Waite, Defending the KJB, 238.
[lxv] Scrivener ih
ngandan cekci cu: “It is well known to Biblical scholars that the Apocrypha
received very inadequate attention from the revisers of 1611 and their
predecessors, . . .” Cited in Khoo, KJV
Q&A, 14.
[lxvi] Cf Jeffrey
Khoo, “Non-Ruckmanite Answers to Anti-KJV Questions,” The Burning Bush 17/1 (January 2011): 18-41.
[lxvii] Hi thulu
hnuaiih thu hi, tui `um thu ih laimu ngaingai a si lo ruangah a tawizawng te
lawngin ngan a si. A `ul a si le, kimcang deuhin kan ngan leh ding.
THUBET
112TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. CON. RES. 38
Recognizing the
400th anniversary of the publication of
the King James
Version of the Bible.
IN THE HOUSE OF
REPRESENTATIVES
APRIL 12, 2011
Mr. ADERHOLT
(for himself and Mr. RAHALL) submitted
the following
concurrent resolution; which was referred to the
Committee on
Oversight and Government Reform
CONCURRENT
RESOLUTION
Recognizing the
400th anniversary of the publication of
the King James
Version of the Bible.
Whereas
the King James Version of the Bible was the first
English language
Bible to be published in the United States;
Whereas
the King James Bible, also called the Authorized
Version, has
made a unique contribution in shaping the English
language,
including hundreds of common everyday expressions;
Whereas
the language of the King James Bible has entered into the very culture of the
United States through a myriad of poetry, speeches, sermons, music, songs, and
literature;
Whereas
the teachings of the Scriptures, particularly read from the King James
Scriptures, have inspired concepts of civil
government
contained in our founding documents, and subsequent laws;
Whereas
public officials on all levels of governments, including presidents, have taken
their oath of office with the King James Bible;
Whereas
many national leaders, have paid tribute to the
surpassing
influence of the Bible in the United States development, among them the words
of Democratic President Andrew Jackson, calling it ‘‘the rock upon which our
republic rests’’;
Whereas
Republican President Ronald Reagan also said of the King James Bible, ‘‘Indeed,
it is an incontrovertible fact that all the complex and horrendous questions
confronting us at home and worldwide have their answer in that single book’’;
Whereas
in the history of the United States, the King James
Bible has played
a significant role in the education of countless
individuals,
families, and societies;
Whereas
the King James Bible, the most printed and widely
distributed work
in history, is now in its 400th year of publication;
Whereas
in 2011, the 400th anniversary of publishing the King James Bible will be
celebrated in churches, public events, and conferences with further research,
discussions, speeches, and sermons; and
Whereas
the King James Bible’s relevance and contributions continue to formatively
influence the United States: Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the
House of Representatives (the Senate
concurring), That Congress—
(1) recognizes
the 400th anniversary of the Authorized King
James Version of
the Bible being published;
(2) recognizes
its lasting influence on countless families,
individuals, and
institutions in the United States; and
(3) expresses
its gratitude for the influence it has bestowed upon
the United
States.
THUTHLUNGTHAR AN RAK
FINKHAWM DAN THUANTHU
( NT, Canon)
A. Grik Cabu ( Manuscript pawl)
Khrih
dungthlun pawlin kutin nganmi Thuthianghlim pawl kha kawhhran tinah siar theih
dingin kawpi an rak tuah vivo ih kawhhran tin in khawm awknak hmuntinah an rak
siar ttheu. Cui hnu ah ken sukso le fingkhawi a awlsam deuh mi 'Papyrus' timi
caphek parah an rak ngan sawng vivo. Cui caphek pawl cu boruak ttha lo a tuar
thei lo zet. Kawhhran thawk pek ihsin AD kum zabi 15 tiang milai kutin anrak
ngan sawng vivo. Kum zabi 15 hnu lam lawngin Baibal Thuthianghlim cu khawlin an
rak ngan sawng vivo thei. Cutin kutin an rak ngan sawng vivo tikah cafang ngan
sual le cawn sual mi um loin rak tuah a harsa zet. Asinan hlanlaiih Grik ttonngin
an nganmi pawl hmuh thei mi a um laiih an ngan swngnakah an sual mi tete remsal
theih asi. Cuticun Thuthlungthar cu kawpi tampi tuah sawng vivo asinan kum
zabi 18 hrawngah Grik ttongin nganmi caphek pawl ( a hrek cu a tthen
a lang lawng kan hmu thei) kan hmu thei ih Dungthluntu pawl rak nganmi thawn a
dang aw lo ding tiah kan ti thei. (Grik ttongin nganmi Baibal caphek cu 5366
hmuh ding a um). Bruce in hitin asim "Leitlunah Baibal ca tlukin khua hlan
ca (Original kawpi) hmuh thei mi kan nei lo." Cui Baibal Grik caphek pawl
cu a tlangpi thu in phunthum ah an tthen. Cupawl cu ziangvek an si ti kan zoh
hnik pei.
1.
PAPYRI
Thuthlunghlun san lai ahcun ca ngannakah savun ih tuahmi a tlangpi thu
in an rak hmang nan Thuthlungthar san ahcun Papyri hi a thlangpi thu in ca
ngannakah an rak hmang. Papyri hi Egypt ram Nile tiva kiangih a ummi Papyrus
hridai ihsin an tuahmi a siih Egypt ramah kum 3000 BC lai ihsin an rak hmanmi
asi. (An tuahdan cu, Papyrus hri pawl kha pherphiar vekin an phiar hnu ah an
sut bek ih nisa lakah an pho hnu ah a hri thling pawlin a tinal ih caphek vekin
nal zenzi ten a suak). Cule Egypt ram ihsin ram inhnen pawl khalin an run cawng
vivo ih Grik le Rome ram pawl khalin can ngannak hmanrua ah an run hmang
ciamco. Metzger in hitin a sim:
"
Grik le Rome ram pawl ahcun ca an ngan tikah Papyri lole savun ih tuahmi pawl
parah an ngan ttheu. Cun a hrek cun Papyri pawl kha an thitkom ih cabu vek tla
in an tuah hnuah a lenglam in tuamtu an tuah. A tlangpi thu in Grik cazial pawl
hi pi 35 (feet) hrawng a sau. Cauk pakhat ah tuah dingmi pawl kha cazual
pakhatah ngan ttheu."
Cazual
hman tikah a siartu pawl hrangah a awlsam zet. Khatlam le khatlamah a zial
theih ih casiartu in ca siar phah in a kut khatlam in a kau vivo ih a kut
khatlam in a zial phahphah a ttul. Cutikah zumtu pawlin Thuthianghlim an siar
tikah an duhnak catlang kha awlsam ten hawl a theih lo ti an hmuhsuak tikah
cazial kha a phekphek in an tuah ih tui kan hmanmi cabu vekin an tuah thawk.
Cutikah an duhnak catlang kha awlsam ten an kau thei ih casiartu hrangah a
awlsam zet. Cumi cabu vekin an tuahmi cu Codex form tiah an ko. A hlan ih an
hmanmi cazual hnakin a tthatnak tampi an hmu suak) Thutthimnakah, Thuthangttha
buli pawl kha hmunkhatah ngan kawp a theih ih cabu pakhat vekin a tuah theih.
Cuvek thotho in Paul cakuat pawl kha hmunkhatah ngan in cabu pakhat vekin tuah
a theih. An duh zatzat kha bukhat sungah an ret thei ih bukhat sungah an telh
duh zatzat kha tuah theih asi. Cuitlunah phek khatlam le khatlamah ngan a theih
ih cabu man a awl tlunah a ken le ret khal a awlsam deuh. Cuvekin cabu phun
(Codex Form) kha Grik Khristian pawlin an duh zetih Jews pawlin Synagogue ah an
hmanmi Thuthlunghlun cazual (Roll-form) pawl lak ihsin thleidan a awlsam
ruangah an duh zet fawn.
Papyrus
catlep pawl cu a tlek awl zetih tuah a harsat ruangah Grik catlap pawl malte
lawng hmuh ding a um. Grik ttongin nganmi ca pawl kan hmuh theimi cu a tlangpi
thu in phun 88 lawng a um. Hi pawl hi a rei bik ca ngan mi kan hmuh thei mi an
si, tui hlan kum zakhat (100) sungah Egypt ramah hmuhsuak salmi an si. Egypt
pawl hin ca thupi pawl hi an hlawn dah loih ttha zetin an kilkhawi ttheu
ruangah Egypt ram ihsin a tam bik cu hmuhsuak salmi an si. Asinan, Papyri pawl
hi an tlek hnuaihni ih a tlek pawl cu rem khawm hnu lawngah siar theih mi tla
an si. Cun a hrekkhat cu famkim deuh in a um lai mi khal an um.
Curuangah
Papyri pawl cu hminsinnak "P" timi an ngan, p tlunah number an nganih
Baibal leh thar mi pawlin an hman tikah hminsinnak thawn an ngan tel ttheu.
Revised Standard Version, New American Standard Bible, le New International
Version pawl hi Grik tongin nganmi bu (Original Text) pawl ihsin an leh mi an
si.
a. P52,
John Rylands Fragment (AD.110-125)
Himi
Papyrus parih nganmi fate (21/2 by 3 1/2 ft.) hi tulai san Thuthlungthar nganmi
kan hmuhmi lakah a rei bik, khuahlan ta bik asi. Himi catlep fate ah cang 5,
John 8:31-33, 37-38 tiang a um. Himi catlep hi a fate zet nan hlanlai ihsin a
rak umnak hmun le tikcu in theihter ruangah a thupi zet. Egypt ramah kum 1920
ah an hmuh suak mi a siih Mirang ram (England), Machester ih John Rylands
Library ah tu tiang an ret. AD. 100 ihsin 125 karlak hrawngah an nganmi asi
tiah an zum.
b.
P45, P46, P47, Chester Beaty Papyri (200-250)
Keiro
ih Chester Beaty pawlin kum 1930 hrawngah Egypt ram ihsin an lei mi Papyri
catlep pathum a si. Thuthlungthar papyri an hmuhsuak mi lakah a thupi bik an si
tiah an ti. Dublin ih Beaty Museum ah a tutiang an ret lai.
P45
cu hnah 220 a ummih (10/8 inches) hnah sawmthum in tuahmi asi. A sung thu um
pawl cu hnahhnih - Mathew, Hnahruk - Mark, Hnah sarih-Luke, Hnahhnih-John, hnah
hleithum - Dungthluntu pawl tuahnak tlan an si.
P46
ahhin tlap 86 a umih hnah 104 in tuah mi asi. (Hnahkhat ah 11 by 61/2 a hlai) A
sungthu pawl cu a hnuailam vekin an si. Roman, Hebrew, I & II Korintian,
Ephesian, Kalatian, Philipian, Kolosian, I & II Theosolonika tla an si. Kum
200 AD hrawngih ngansawng mi vekin a langih P45 hnakin a rei deuh in a lang.
P47
hi Thupuan hnah 10 lai ngan mi a siih ( a hlailam inchi 9 1/2 le 5 1/2 hawng a
si). P45 vekin P47 khal kum 250 AD hrawngih ngansawngmi vekin a lang.
c.
P66, P72, P75 Bobmer Papyri (175-300)
A
hmin hi a cazual neitu Geneva ih Martin Bodmer hmin lakih an sakmi asi. Hi khal
hi Egypt ram ihsin leimi an siih Thuthlungthar ah a thupi zetmi an si. P66
papyri hi Grik Thuthlungthar ahcun a rei lam pakhat asi ve. A zaten hnah 104
lai asi ih John (1:1-6:11; 6:35b-14:26) pawl a um. Cuithlunah a belcawng hnah
40 lai a tel. P72 hi kum zabi pali hrawng ihta asi ih I & II Piter le Jude
pawl kawpi hmuh hmaisa bikmi an si. P76 cu Luke kawpi reibik le John kawpi
reibik lakah pakhat asi.
2. UNCIALS
Grik Baible catlap lakah a pahnihnak pawl cu savun ih tuahmi
catlap (parchment, vellum) asi. Kawhhran pawlin savun hmangin Thuthianghlim an
ngannak cu AD kum zabi pali ihsin pakua tiang kar lakah asi. Savun ih tuahmi
cathlap pawl kha mipi in an hmang thawk vivo. Ziangruangah tile papyrus pawl cu
a tuah a harsa ih a siat awl fawn, savun cu a tang sawn deldel asi. Savun ih
tuahmi asi. Savun ih tuahmi par ahcun cangantu pawlin a phek lehlam le lehlamah
an ngan thei. Papyri cu a tlangpi thu in phek lehlam lawngah an ngan theu.
Savun parih ca ngan mi pawl cu tulai sanah a tlangpi thu in phunhnih in an
then.
Metzger in hitin a sim: Atlangpi thu in ca an ngan tikah
phunhnih in an ngan. Pakhat cu nitin hmanmi, hmanlangpi ca a siih 'cursive'
asilole 'running' (kut ngan rang kan ti men ding kan theihthiam theinak dingah)
tiah an ko. 'Running' lole 'Cursive'-Hmanlang ca cu nitin cakuat, hnatuan
hminsinnak le hmanlang pawlah an hmang. Cun a dang pakhat cu, cabu an suah
tikah kut ngan mawi deuh in an nganih ngandaan pa-ngai an nei. Cumi cu'Uncial'
tiah an ko. Uncial cangan daan ahcun cafang pakhat le pakhat a dai aw loih tui
cafang tumpi kan ngan daan vek deuh asi. Asinan kum zabi pakua (9) hrawng ihsin
cabu tuahnak ah an hmanmi kutngan phun khat a suak salih cucu minuscules tiah
an ko. Cuticun, cursive cafang pawl hmangin Grik cangandaan hmang an mal vivo.
Cuticun Grik ca ah cursive, minuscules pawl cu a neta ah a suakmi le hmanmi an
si ih uncial pawl cu a hmaisa le hlanlai ta ah a cang.
Cuticun
Grik tongin savun ah an nganmi Baibal cathlap pawl cu Grik uncial pawl cafang
hmangin nganmi an si. Cule uncial ca pawl cu ca an ngan hlanah Arabic number
pawl an ngan hmaisa ih cui hnu ah ca an ngan thawk theu ruangah theih le
hminsin a awlzet.
a.
01, Codex Sinaiticus (AD. 340)
Himi
ca pawl hi Constantine Tischendorf in 1853 Sinai tlang hnuai ih St.Catherine
tlawng umnak hmunah a sarmi asi. Cui tlawng cun Russian Czar hnenah laksawng
vekin a rak pek ih, Soviet kumpi in 1933 ah Mirang (British) hnenah a rak zuar
salmi asi. Cule a tuah cuica cu Mirang Museum ah a um. A dikzet ih hrelhmi a neih
mal ruangah tuini ah cuica cu Grik cathlap hmuhsuakmi lakah hmantlak bik pakhat
asi. Culawng hman si loin, Codex Sinaiticus hi Grik uncial ca in Thuthlungthar
a zaten a ummi umsun asi. Himi ca sungah Thuthlunghlun Septuagint sungta khal a
hrek tluk a telve. Cun Barnabas ih cakuat le Spepherd of Herman lak ihsin a
telmi a um ve. Grik uncial in nganmi a siih phek 3641 1/2 a um…13 1/2 12 14
inches kau le sau asi). Ca hmai pakhat ah column pali ah then a si ih column
pakhat ah 2 1/2 inches cio a kau. Caphek hi savun in tha zet in tuah mi asi.
b.
02, A, Codex Alexandrinus (450 AD).
Himi
codex hi kum 1627 ah mirang ramah an rak kengih mirang ram Musium ah an ret.
Himi codex ahhin Thuthlunghlun hmuahhmuah (hnahra siar lo), le Thuthangthar
hmuahhmuah (hnah 25 siar lo) cu tui kan hmanmi Baible thu pawl a kim thluh.
c.
03, B, Codex Vaticanus (ca. 325-350)
Codex
Vaticanus hi Thuthlungthar savun parih nganmi a hlun bik pakhat asi. A hmin ah
an telh vekin Rome ramih Vatican Library ah kum 1475 ihsin an ret ih cumi hnu
kum zali hnu lawngah thiamsang filawr pawlih zir awknak ah hman an siang.
Septuagint Thuthlungthlun le Thuthlungthar tamsawn cu a telthluh. Semtirnak
sungih bung 46, Sam number 30, Pastoral cakuat hrekkhat le Hebrew Bung 9:14
ihsin hnu lam pawl a tel nawn lo.
3. MINUSCULES
Hihi
kutngan kawi ih ngaimi an si. Cursives cangan mi pawl hi 2,800 thluk ah then
asi. Asinan, a nithla an nganmi hi kum zabi pakua ihsin hleiruk karlak sung
lawng si thei in a lang. Asinan cursive pawl hi kan thuthlungthar sungah tampi
telh asi.
Ewert
in a sim dam cu: Uncial canganmi pawl hnakin minuscule canganmi pawl hi a tlai,
lehhnu ih nganmi an si. Ca ngan hmaisa mi pawl hi a neta pawl hnakin a dik deuh
in le a man a nei deuh ding tiah a tlangpi thu in ruah mi an si. Lehhnu ih
canganmi pawl cu hlan lai ih ca nganmi pawl ihsin ngan sawng mi an si ih
hlanlai ih ca ngan pawl hi a dik sawn ding tiah ruah mi an si. Grik tongih
nganmi ca (Baibal) pawl hi phunthum in man an nei zet, Thuthlungthar a dik le
diklo le khuimi a dikbik ti zohfiangnak dingah hman an si thluh. Papyri, uncial
le miniscules pawl tha ten zohkhawm ih khaikhin hnu ahcun Dungthluntu pawl
nganmi Cathianghlim pawl hi khuimi a dik in a hramthawk ih nganmi asi ding ti
theihtheih nak dingah hlanlai ca nganmi pawl kan zoh ih kan khaikhin tikah a
hram thawk ih Thuthiang nganmi pawl porhsuak theih asi. Thuthianghlim an ngan
sawngnakah cafang ngan sual mi tete a um nan Grik tongih ngami ca 5000 tluk lai
a ummi khaikhinnak in Dungthluntu pawlih rak nganmi thuthianghlim cun ziang thu
bik a sim ih ziangvekin rak ngan asi ti thutak cu zingzawi theih
asi.
B. Text
neta pawl: Bu neta pawl
1. Receivd
text (textus Receptus)
“Thuthiang
pawl hi an ngan thawk ihsin kum zabi 16 tiangah kutngan (manuscript form) in a
rak umih kutngan in ngan sawng vivo mi asi ruangah bu khat le bu khat cafang
bangawk lonak tete a um. Asinan, Kawhhran dinsal nak (reformation) ihsin thawk
in Baibal cu khawlsutmi in suah asi. Curuangah bu tampi ah suah asi khal len
cafang bang aw zetin a suak thei. Dutch thiamsang (scholar), Erasmus in
kum 1516 ah Grik tongih khawl sut Thuthlungthar cu a suah ih mi tampi
lei theih in zuar asi. Stephanus tiah theihmi Estiene le Theodore Beza pawlin
an suah bet sal ih cu pawl cu a tlangpi thu in Received Text a silole Textus
Receptus tiah theih asi. Eramus in Grik tongin Thuthlungthar khawl sut a suahmi
pawl kha kumzabi 12 hrawngih ngan sawng mi pawl kha a hmang thlangpi bik in a
lang. A rei bik text a hmanmi cu kum zabi pahra (10) hrawngih ta minuscule tiih
kawh mi asi. Asianan, cumi cabu sungta hman cu malte lawng a
hmang.
Metzger in hitin a sim; Erasmus ih Thuthangthar suah mi hi
King James lettu in an tansan le an hman bikmi asi ih kum 1881 hlanah
Protestant pawlin an tansan le an hman bikmi asi. Curuangah Textus Receptus
tiah kawhmi Erasmus ih Thuthlungthar khawlin a rak sutmi hi text a hmanmi pawl
kha lehhnu ta (kum zabi 12 hnu ta) a hman ruangah Grik ca nganmi (Thuthiang
nganmi dang pawl) thawn khaikhin tikah ca ngan daanah rin um tawk lonak tete a
um thei.
2. Westcott-Hort
Text
Cutivek
dinhmun ruangah scholar (thiamsang) pawlin Grik tongih nganmi Thuthlungthar bu
hlun pawl kha thaten an zir thawk ih khuimi a dikbik ding tiah an zoh hliah sal
ciamco.
Metzger
cun hitin a sim. “Thuthlungthar a dik maw dik lo tiah an
hliakhlainak (textual criticism) thuanthu ahcun thiamsang pawlin GrIk cabu hlun
pawl le nganmi dangdang le kawhhran pupa pawlih simmi pawl an zoh hliahsal nak
asi. Cuticun Thuthangthar zoh hliahnak dingah Europe ram le ni suahnak lam
ramthenah laibarary le miuziam pawl tla thiamsang pawlin an din. Asinan, himi
kumzabi sungah thiamsang (scholar) tamsawn in a famkim lo zet nan Erasmus ih
khawlsut mi Thuthangthar kha suah nawn sal dingah an rak lungkim.”
Textus
Receptus a suah ihsin kim 1700 hnu lam tiang Gik Baibal suahmi kha sawiselnak a
rak um hnuaihni ruangah anmah te Grik cabu hlun pawl an zirnak vek cio in anmah
te a dangdang in cabu an suah. Asinan hminsin tlak le a dik bik ding
tiah pommi cu kim 1881 ah Cambridge ih scholar (thiamsang fillawr) pahhnih,
B.F.Westcott le F.J.A. Hort in an ruak suah. Cauk hlun pawl kha a phun
then a theih asi tiah an ti. Kawhhran pupa hmunkhat ihsin a rak suak mi cauk
pawl cun bang awk nak te an nei deuh in a lang an ti.
Carson
in hitin a simbet. Grik tongih suahmi pawl kha a phun then theih an si,
phunkhat cio cun famkim lonak le hawi zawn lonak bang aw an neiih an rak
suahdan le kilven an si daan khal bang aw an si. (Text type) Bu hlun phunkhat
hnu phunkhat cu kut ih ngan sawng mi an si vekin pakhat cio kha khuimi phun ih
telmi asi ti theihtheih le thleidan theih an si. Asinan cu lakah a rawi aw mi
cu thil um thei mi asi.
Westcott
le Hort in a tlangpi thu in Grik cabu pawl kha phunli ah then theih an si tiah
an ti. Syrian, Western, Alexandrian le Neutral tiah an ko. Cule,
thiamsang dang pawlin hmin dang an saksal ih Alexandrian, Eastern,
western, le Byzatine tiah an ti. Alexandrian text (bu) pawl hi rin
umbik le a dikbik asi ding tiah an ruat deuh. Ziangah tile hlanlai buhlun pawl-
uncial pawl
(codex
Vatican, codex Sinaiticus le codex Alexandrinus) le minuscules hrekkhat pawlin
an betbawm (support). Byzantine bu (text) pawl hi a
dang thlukin dinhmun tha a nei lo. Ziangah tile a nithla a tlai deuh
ruangah a hlun bik pawl thlukin dinhmun tha a nei lo. Kum zabi 300 le 400 karlak
hrawngih suak an si tiah an ti. A thlaihnu ah tuahmi asinan, Grik tong
hmang Khristian pawlih hman thlangpi bikmi le Textus Receptus khalah an run
hmanmi bikah a cang.
Westcott-Hort ih tuahmi cu lehnuta asi nan hlanta Textus
Receptus kha a run neh ih mi tampi hman mi ah a rung cang. Himi scholar pawl hin Alexandrian ih Text (bu)
pawl kha an rak ngaina ih Codex Vatican le Sinaiticus khal kha
Thuthangthar ah siar ding an si tiah an ti. Curuangah
Westcott-Hort san hnu lamih Grik Baibal suahmi pawl cu Byzantine bu pawl
hmangin tuahmi Textus Receptus thawn an dang aw zet.
Bible
hlun pawl lak ihsin tongfang le cathluan bang aw lo pawl lak ihsin a dikbik
dingih ruahmi an hrildan tlangpi cu a hnuai lam vekin asi.
3.
Electic Metho (Thlankhawm daan)
Tulai,
santhar thiamsang (scholar) pawlin Baibal an leh tikah hlanlai bu hlunpi
pakhatkhat kha hmang men loin bu dangdang kha an zohkhawm ih a tha bik dingin
an let theu. Westcott le Hort in an rak tuah vekin an hmanmi bu sungta lawng
siloin bu dangdang sung ihsin zohkhawmin Bible an let theu. Cuticun Baibal
sungah an ngan daan sung ihsin zoh khawm in a dikbik le Pathian thu in a simmi
bik kha theihsuak thei dingah an zuam in an tuah suak theu.
A
thlangpi thu in an zoh tikah an theih fiang theinak thu pahnih in a then theih:
a. Lenglam
theihtheinak
Himi
thu ah a hnuailam vek pawl hi a thupi
1.
Ca nganmi pawl ih kum (ziangtikah nganmi asi)
2.
Khuitawk le khui ram ihsin nganmi asi
3.
A bu pawl ziangvek cabu pawl lakih tel an si
4.
Cabu dang sungah an ngan telnak le kawhhran pupa pawlin an theihpinak
b.
A sunglam thu ummi
Himi
thu ah a hnuailam thu pawl an tel
1)
Siardan bangaw lo lakah a siardan harsa deuh pawl kha an hril
Thuthimnakah,
Mark 16 nakah, “Farasi ngantu” tiah ngan a siih a dang hrekkhat ahcun “Farasi
ca ngantu” tiah ngan asi. Hitawkah Mark in a sim duh mi cu Farasi ca ngantu
tiah a sim duhnak san asi. Bible ngan thawk laisan ih cangandan pawl an
finfiah.
2)
A tawi deuh pwl hril asi
Ziangruangah
tile ca ngantu pawl ttongkam hman mi fiangter deuh dingah ttongkam an bet tthei
asi tiah ruat asi.
3)
Catlang bang aw zikte pahnih lakah a siardan a nal lo deuhmi kha lak asi ttheu.
Ziangruangah
tile ca ngan sawngtu pawlin ca an ngansawng tikah ca siar awl deuh dingin an
rak remsal ttheu ruangah asi.
4)
Ca ngandan (Grammar) har deuh kha lak a si ttheu.
Ziangruangah
tile ca ngan sawngtu pawlin ca an ngan swng tikah ca siar awl deuh ding in le
theih awl deuh dingin an rak remsal ttheu ruangah asi.
5)
Adung le hmailamih thu thawn a bangaw mi asilole a zulpeh aw mi hril asi sawn
ttheu.
6)
Ca ngantu (author) ih ruahdan le ca ngan ttheu dan thawn a mil aw bik lak asi
ttheu. Ziangruangah tile ca ngantu pakhat cio in anmai ca ngandan, ttongkamseh,
an ruahdan le ca ngandan pawl hi thleidan theih an si ttheu ruangah asi.
7)
Ca ngantu pai zirhnak pawmmi le fehpi mi thawn a mil aw bik kha hril asi ttheu.
Curuangah
scholar (thiamsang filawr) tampi an um vekin Grik cabu hlun pawl le ca nganmi
hlun pawl tampi lak ihsin Thuthlungthar cu cabu pakhatah suah asi vekin tulai
ih kan neihmi pakhat le pakhat kar lakah maltete bang awk lonak a um tei mi
asi. Asinan cu pawl cu fimkhur zet in kan zoh asile Thuthiang in ziang a sim
duh ih ziang a khihhmuh ti cu rinhlelh ding um loin kan theithei asi. Zianglam
khal sisehla, khuahlan lai ih rak nganmi kan Baibal Thuthianghlim cu tampi hmuh
ding a umih cu pawl ihsin Mirang tongin an let sawng hnu ah leitlun tong
phunphun ah leh sal asi tikah ttongkam hmandan bang aw lo mi maltete a um thei.
Cutikah kan theih ding mi cu kan Baibal hi a hram thawk ihsin mi tampi le kut
tampi in kum thawng siar sungah ngan sawng vivomi asi ih mithianghlim tampi in
an nunnak le an tikcu pe in an fingkhawimi Pathian thawkkhummi Thuthianghlim
asi ti kan thinlung sungah zianghman rin hlelhnak um loin kan pom le kan nunpi
ding hi asi sawn.
May God bless you all!
HM
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