Bible


Falam  Baibal  Thianghlim  hi  Rinsan  a  tlak ngaingai maw?

 Rev. Dr. Stephen Hre Kio
Kan  Falam  Baibal  Thianghlim  a  suah  kum  cu 1992 ah a si. Kum 1974, January 1, ihsin Falam ah a leh kan thok nain 1985 lawngah (USA ah) kan theh. Falam ah Komiti pawl in an cek ih an theh. A cektu Komiti hi minung 20 hrawng an si.United Bible Societies Translation Consultant tla in an cek thluh. Cuih hnu ah computer ah kan khum,  checking  voihnih  thum  kan  tuah  ih  FBA  Civuipi,  Lumte  khua  ah,  February  16,  1992, Bawipa Ni sun ah Pathian hnenah minung 5000 in kan ap. Uk thawnghra kan nam nain in daih lo. Cuih hnu ah voi ngaruk kan nam saal zo ih a zate in uk thawng sawmli (40,000) lenglo Falam Christian kut  sungah  a  thleng.  Kan  Kawhhran  cawmtu ah Pathian in a hmang. Kan Pathian a hmin kan thangthat. America (USA) khal ah kan hmanzetmi Baibal Thianghlim a si. Kan nam hnu kum kul sung ahhin kan Baibal Thianghlim hi a lawmtu an tam vekin a lawm lotu khal an um ve. Cule a thatnak rel hnakin a tlaksamnak a reltu le a ngan duhtu khal an um ve thotho. Kan dung kum hleinga hrawng a si zo ding, kan Baibal Thianghlim hi tlaksamnak a nei, tiah nasazet in ca a ngantu an um. “Soisel a si lo, faksel a si,” an ti. Grik ah cuti’n a um; Rev. Thang Hup in cutiin a let; Rev. Hre Kio cun cuti’n a let ih tlaksamnak a nei, (a ti dik lo, hrelhmi a tam) ti duhnak thawn tamzet an ngan. Cuih thu thawn pehpar in cahram pakhat ka nganmi a um. An soiselnak cu kan let. A siartu cun nan thei ding. Cuih hnuah Falam Baibal Thianghlim ah hrelhmi a um, tiah nganmi a um lala. Cumi khal cu tha seh, tiih bom duhnak le rem duhnak thinlung thawn si loin a tlasam a si, ti langternak ah a si ih kan Kawhhran hrekkhat cu an thin a nuam lozet. Curuangah cahram malte ka ngan ih siar dingin kan zem. Hrelhmi a um an timi hi a dik maw? timi thu ka ngan ih cuih hnu cun a dai deuh.Cule  tubaite  (November  26,  2011)  ah  Dr.  Timothy  Sui  Lian  Mang  in  BIBLE  DANDANG KHAIKHINNAK timi a ngan; tamzet a ngan ih Internet ah a thlah. (A siartu tampi nan um ding ka zum). Himi hi mi dangdang an nganmi hnakin a kau deuh ih ruah tulmi a um. Cahmai (full page) 22 hrawng a sau. A nganmi ah column pasarih (kuat-pasarih) in a tuah ih a hmaisabik kuat ah Baibal Cacaang; kuat hnihnak ah Mirang Baibal (KJV- King James Version); kuat thumnak ah Thuthlung Thar, Dr. Sui Lian Mang ih lehmi; kuat linak ah Baibal Thianghlim, Dr. Hre Kio ih lehmi; kuat nganak ah Pathian Thu Thianghlim,  Dr. Thang Hup ih lehmi; kuat ruknak ah Lai Baibal  Thiang,  Dr.  Van  Bik  ih  lehmi;  kuat  sarihnak  ah  Pathian  Lehkhabu  Thianghlim,  Mizo Baibal, tiin a ret. A sim a rel duhbikmi cu: Mi dangdang ih Baibal an lehmi sungah a “Um Lo” mi tampi a um. Falam Baibal Thianghlim sungah khal a “Um lo” tampi a um ih a zate ih siar tikah “Um lo” lawnglawng hi 300 hrawng a si. “Um Lo” a timi a tambik cu Falam Baibal, Hakha Lai Baibal Thiang, le Mizo Baibal “Pathian Lehkhabu Thianghlim” hi an si. Saya Thang Hup ih lehmi hi “Um Lo” timi a tam ve nain “A um” a timi a um phahphah. Asinain amah Dr. Sui Lian Mang ih lehmi Thuthlung Thar sung ahcun a um thluh, a kim thluh. King James Version sungih a um thluh vekin anih lehmi sung khal ah a um thluh ve. “Um Lo” a timi sung ahhin catlang (sentence) hrek khal a si thei, tongfang pakhat (one word) khal a si thei. Cule Pathian hmin (God, Jesus) timi a um lo, a tinak khal a tam thotho.
Atu ka nganmi cahram sung ahhin ka ngan duhmi cu: BAIBAL DANGDANG KHAIKHINNAK tiah Dr. Sui Lian Mang ih a nganmi hi ka siar hnu ah kan hmuh daan ka nganmi a si. Midang ih an lehmi Baibal hi an let thiam lo, an let sual, a tinak a si lo; an lehmi Baibal hi an sirhsanmi Mirang Baibal, a kim lomi, asilole, Grik Baibal a dang-awk ruangah Baibal Dangdang, bang-aw lo, a suahnak hi a si, a ti. Cule amah Dr. Sui Lian Mang ih a sirhsanmi Baibal hi Mirang Baibal King  James  Version  a  si  ih  “rinsan  tlak  bik  a  si”  a  ti.  Cule  hih  Mirang  Baibal King  James Version hi an leh lai ah Grik Baibal Textus Receptus sirhsan ih an lehmi a si ruangah cuih Grik Baibal Textus Receptus tla cu Grik Baibal hmuahhmuah lakah “rinsan tlak bik a si,” a ti. Cumi a thlun ruangah a Baibal lehmi Thuthlung Thar ahcun “um lo” a nei lo; a um thluh, a kim thluh tiin a langter. Cumi cu mangbang ding a si lo; a thlunmi Baibal vekin a um, a kim, a tul a sisi! (A kim lo le a palh a si sawn ding.) Hitawk ih ka langter duhmi cu: Dr. Sui Lian Mang ih a thlunmi Mirang Baibal King James Version hi rinsan tlak bik a si lo, ti le Grik Baibal a thlunmi Textus Receptus  khal  hi  rinsan  tlakbik  a  si  thotho  lo,  (a  kim lomi a um ih beetmi tla a um) ti hi ka langter duhmi a si.
A. King James Version
Dr. Sui Lian Mang in KJV (King James Version) le Textus Receptus hi “rinsan tlak bik a si” a  timi  hi  mangbangza  a  si.  Ziangahtile  Mirang  Baibal  dangdang  liangluang  le  Grik  Baibal dangdang liangluang lakah himi pahnih hi “rinsan tlak bik a si” timi cu thil pahnih ruangah a si ding, tiah ka  ruat: (1) A theih lo ruangah maw? (2)  “Fundamentalist” lungput a neih ruangah maw? ti hi a si. A theih lo ruangah cun a si lo ding, ziangahtile Baibal thuhla tawkfang a zingzoi (a leh-la) ve ruangah. “Fundamentalist” lungput (zumnak) a pom ruangah a si thei, ti’n ka ruat. Ziangahtile “Fundamentalist” hrekkhat lungput cu, “KJV siar lo, Baibal dang siar ding a si lo, KJV lawng hi a dikmi, Pathian thawtkhummi a si” an ti ruangah cumi lam deuh hoi in a simmi a si ding, ti’n ka ruat. Hiti ka zummi hi ka palh a si thei; Dr. Sui Lian Mang hi ka tong dah lo hmang  ka  ti;  kan  tong-aw  zo  khalle  Baibal  thuhla  cu  kan  rel  tlang  dah  lo,  tiin  ka  ruat.Fundamentalist lungput deuh ih a simmi a si lo ahcun zumnak (pommi, dinhmun) dang a um thei dingmi ka hmu thei lo.
Kum 1981 hrawngah USA ah “Falam Baibal ka let” tiin Khristian hotu pakhat hnenih ka ti tikah, “King James Version sirhsan in na let maw?” tiah i sut. “Let hlah!” ka ti. “KJV na let lo le cu Baibal let ding na si lo; KJV lawnglawng Pathian thawtkhummi a si” tiah in ti dah. Cumi kha ka ciing ringring. Fundamentalist hrekkhat lungput cu anmah pommi le hmuhmi ih tlun ah midang hmuhmi cu an pom lo lawng a si lo; Satan ta tluk ah an ruat. Keimah hrimhrim in Guam kan Biakinn ih an simmi ka thei: “TEV hi Satan ih forhfialnak in lehmi a si” tiah pastor pakhat in a ti dah.TEV Baibal khal hi Baibal dangdang bangtuk in Pathian thluasuahmi a si ve, ti hi an ruat dah lo hmang ka ti. An lungput hi phundang deuh a si. 1952 hrawng ih an nammi Revised Standard Version (RSV) Mirang  Baibal hi  Fundamentalist pawl cun Satan lehmi an ti; a lettu hrekkhat pawl hi Communists an si, an ti ih USA North Carolina ah Biakinn/Pastor pakhat in RSV Baibal cu meisa in an ur. Cule a lettu hrekkhat kha Communists an si, an timi thubuai kha America Congress US Hlutdaw tiang a thleng ih Hlutdaw in felfaizet ih an zingzoi hnu ah RSV Baibal lettu  pawl  hi  “Communists  an  si”  timi  hi  a  dik  lo;  thulolak  a  si,  an  ti.  (It  was  rebutted  as “venomous nonsense” in the House of Representatives in Washington). Cumi cu 1960 kum ah a si. Cuti ih lungput le nun cu Khristian lungput le nun ah Fundamentalist hrekkhat pawl cun anruat. Pathian ih fialmi tluk ah an ruat. Khristian dang thawn kan hmuh daan a dang-aw tinak a si. Ziangah KJV cu rinsan tlakbik a si lo, ka ti, ti cu a thuai ah ka ngan ding. King James Version hi a tawizawng in KJV kan ti. England Siangpahrang James an timi hmin suangin King James Baibal timi a si. Amah Siangpahrang James ih lehmi a si ruangah a si lo.
Amah in let ding le Biakinn kip ih siar dingin thu a pek, tiah ruahmi a si ruangah a si. Asinain Siangpahrang James in let dingah (rem dingah) a tawlrel; asinain Biakinn ih siar dingah thu a peknak tetti (documents) khui hman ah a um lo. Cuvek tetti a um, tiih an zumnak menmen a si. Tetti a um lo khalle a dik vekah an ruat tata! Cumi cu milai daan a si ko; culai khalah a si; tuih san khal ah a si ko. Mangbang ding a si lo. Cule KJV let dingih Siangpahrang James ih a tawlrel tikah, let ding ti hman a si lo; rem ding (revise tuah ding) ti a si. Ziangahtile Baibal dangdang a um tampi zo. Miles Coverdale Baibal timi 1535 ah a suak; Matthew’s Baibal timi 1537 ah an nam; Geneva Baibal tla 1560 ah an suah (himi hi verses – cacaang thawn an suah hmaisabikmi a si; himi hi Scotland mi le England mi in an lehmi a si ih mipi in an duhzet); cule Bishop Baibal tla 1568 ah a suak. Hiti’n Baibal a um tam zo ruangah rem sisehla a hnok hnuaihni mi hi reh seh, ti duhnak a si. Cuti cun Baibal rem ding cu 1604 ah an tawlrel thok. Ziangah Baibal tampi a um zo nain a dang KJV cu an thok lala? Baibal a  tam  tikah  ruahnak  a  tam  ih  Khristian  pawl  an  thinlung  a  then-aw  hniaihniai.  Cutiih  then- awknak cu reh seh, ti duhnak thawn KJV cu leh an thok. Asinain an leh tikah an rem-aw deuh cuang lo. An rem-awk lonak a luar sawn. Cuti ih Baibal an rem tikah “Bishop Bible hi thlun siseh” an ti ih an thlun. Mipi in an duhbik ruangah  a  si  lo;  Bishop  hleihnih  hrawng  ih  lehmi  a  si  ih  Siangpahrang  James  ih  duhmi  a  si ruangah  a  si.  Cutiih  an  rem  tikah  Thukam  Thar  (New  Testament)  tla  cu  a  hlan  ih  William Tyndale in 1526 ih a lehmi Thukam Thar sung ihsin za ah sawmriat (80%) an lak. KJV lettu pawl in a zatein KJV Baibal hi a thar in an let thluh, tiah mi tampi ih kan ruah theumi cu a dik lo.A lettu pawl cu sawmnga le pali an si ih kum hnih le thla kua ah an theh. (Zamrangtuk in an theh!) An theh tikah an hotu Miles Smith (editor pakhat) cun: Kan lehmi hi a thar leh a si lo, rem (revised) mi a si. Puritan Khristian le Roman Catholic Khristian duhmi laifang in kan fehpimi a si, a ti. An leh tikah Roman Catholic Kawhhran ih Baibal “Apocrypha” khal an telh; Protestant ih Baibal  hnakin  cabu  14  a  tam  deuh.  (RC  Kawhhran  hotu  pakhat  Jerome  hman  in  AD  420 hrawngah  Latin Baibal Vulgate a leh tikah hi Aprocrypha hi a telh lomi a si.) KJV Baibal cu (Apocrypha tel in) an nam theh tikah, A thar teih lehmi Baibal, tin a phaw ih an nganmi cu a dik lomi a si. Mi in KJV hi lei hai seh ti duhnak ih nganmi a si. King James Version ah palhnak malte hman a um lo maw? A thuai ah kan zohhnik ding. “Bible  hi  Pathian  thawtkhum  mi  a  si,  a  sualpalh  thei  lo  tin  na  zum  asile  ziang  Bible  bik?  Ti thungaithlak ih na ruah a tul. Pathian thu famkim ngankhumnak Bible hi ziang a si bik ding, ti ruah le zingzawi a tul rori” tiah Dr. Sui Lian Mang in a ngan. Hiti a ngan tikah thusuhnak pahnih a langter: “Bible hi Pathian thawkhummi a si, a sualpalh thei lo ti’n na zum asile ziang Bible bik?” tile “Pathian thu famkim ngankhumnak Bible hi ziang a si bik ding?” tin thusuhnak pahnih a um. Hi pahnih ih thulehnak hi, amah Dr. Sui Lian Mang in asim lo nain, midang ih leh dingah a duhsak a si, ti ruah dingmi cu: “Thuthlung Thar, Dr. Sui Lian Mang ih lehmi!” ti haisehla a duhmi a si, tin ka ruat. Ziangahtile amah lehmi sungah thelhmi zianghman  a  um  lo  tiin  a  langter  ih,  midang  lehmi  ahcun  “Um  Lo”  kha  (Falam  Baibal Thianghlim tla ahcun) 300 lenglo a um, ti a langter. Hiti a nganmi, Internet ih a thlahmi, a rak siartu  lakah  pakhat  tla  cun, “A  diklo  mi  cu  hrial  uhsi”  tin  a  ngan  zo.  Cumi  cu  hih  Baibal Dangdang Khaikhinnak hin a tumtahmi a si, ti’n ka ruat. A ti fuh riai ka ti. King James Version a tlaksamnak:
1. KJV kan ti tikah 1611 ih an nammi KJV le tuihsan ih kan siarmi KJV cu tamzet an dang-aw. KJV ti tikah Version pakhat lawng a si lo. Mi hrekkhat in “Original KJV” cu rin a umbik, an ti theu.  (A  hmaisabik  ih  lehmi  KJV  tican  a  si.)  Asinain  cuih  KJV  cu  voi  tampi  an  rem  zo. Curuangah King James Version cu a dikbik, kan ti asile khuimi KJV bik? ti thusuh a tul. 1611 ih an suahmi KJV ah palhnak tete (malte lawng) kan rel dingmi cu: (a) Matt 26:36, ah “Cule Jesuh cu … a feh” ti ding a si nain, “Cule Judas cu… a feh” a ti. (b) Suah (Exodus) 14:10 ih ummi, “Israel mi pawl cun anmah dawi ih Izipt mi an rat kha an hmu tikah an tih ngaingai” timi catlang pakhat hi voithum tiang a ngan beet. (c) Thukham Pahra sungah pasarihnak Suah 20:14, (The Seventh Commandment) ah an ti sualmi, a besia zetmi a um. “Taangtawm sualnak (adultery) na tuah lo pei” timi ah “lo” timi an hrelh pang ih, “Taangtawm sualnak na tuah pei” tiin an nam. (d) (Daan 5:24 ih palhsualmi tla cu hih cahram sungah telh ka duh lem lo.) Cubangtuk a si ruangah mipi an thin a heng ih KJV cu “Baibal Siava” (The Wicked Bible) an ti. Baibal a namtu pa kha paisa fai zathum an cawh. Culai san ih paisa fai zathum cu a tam ngaingai. (e) Luka 20:9-18, sungih, “Cabit Hmuan Tahthimnak” timi khi, “Cabit Tahthimnak” tiin a um ih mipi in KJV cu “Cabit Baibal” (The Vinegar Bible) an ti. (f) 1 Kor 6:9, sungih, “Mi tha lo cun Pathian uknak a co thei lo ding,” timi khi, “Mi tha lo cun Pathian uknak a co thei ding,” tiin a um. KJV sungah an palhnak – an nam sualmi – hih ruahnak hnakin a tam ih an tuat tikah cahmai pahra ah palhnak pakhat cu a um ringring, an ti. KJV a lettu (a remtu) pawl in an hnatuanmi himidang hnatuanmi hnakih ahleice in “Pathian thawtkhummi a si” tiin an zum lo vek ngaingai in palhnak a tam an hmuh tikah milai hnatuanmi a si zia, an thei fiang sinsin. A tlaksamnak cu hi vial in tawk seh. A tampi rel khalah thathnemnak a um cuang lo. A tlaksamnak kan rel duhmi khal a si lo.
2. KJV hi rem a tul, tiin 1611 kum sung hman ah rem tulmi an hmu ih rem sehla (revise) ti an tum. 1612 kum ah rem an thok. 1613 kum ah hmun 413 ah an rem. 1616 ah an rem lala. Kum 1629 ah an rem lala ih cutawk remmi ah Apocrypha an telh lo. Asinain telh a duhtu an tamzet ruangah 1800 hnu tiangah Apocrypha an telhmi KJV a um lai. Cambridge University ih hnatuan pawl  in  1629  ah  a  dang  tein  an  rem.  Cule  1638  ah  KJV  cu  Baibal  Remtu  komiti timi  Goad, Ward, Boyse le Mead in an rem. Cutiih remmi a tam ruangah William Kilburne an timi pa cun an remmi hmuahhmuah hi kum 1659 ah a khawm ih voi ruk remmi sungah hin palhnak an remmi thawngkul  (20,000)  a  um,  tiah  a  ngan.  1660  kum  ah  an  rem  tikah  Baibal  a  kapah  (margins) remmi an ngan (They wrote marginal notes.) 1683 ah an rem sal ih cuih Baibal sungah a kap ih nganmi (marginal notes) hi 7250 a um an ti. Siangpahrang cabu namtu Edinburgh khua ih ummi in kum 1727 ih KJV Thukam Hlun an remmi sungah a kap ih retmi (marginal notes) hi thawng tampi (several thousands) a um ih remmi a si, a ti. Cutiin a kap ih nganmi (marginal notes) pawl hi kum zahnih zathum hnu ahcun Baibal Cathiang sungah an ngancih theu. Cuti cun an beetmi tete Baibal Cathiang sungah khum in a um vivo. Cutiih beetmi a tam vivo ih an remmi lak khalah pakhat le pakhat an dang-awk tikah a thabik um thei sehla ti duhnak thawn Benjamin Blayney in editor hnatuan amah tein a pe aw ih a rem ve. Amah hi Hebru ca lam ahcun mithiamzet a si; Hertford College, England, ah Vice-Principal a tuan. Amah in edit a tuah hlanih KJV a suakmi pali – kum 1611 ih a suakmi KJV, 1743 ih an remmi Cambridge edition timi KJV, 1760 ih an remmi KJV, le Lloyd in 1701 ih a remmi KJV –hi a khaikhin hai ih 1769 kum ah a remmi cu an suah. Mi tampi hih Benjamin Blayney ih remmi hi an duh ih, Mirang Acozah leilung pumpuluk ah mi nehtu le thuneitu a si caan thawn a dang- aw ih hih Baibal hi England ah siseh, ramdang ah siseh, an hmanzetmi Baibal ah a cang. The Oxford Standard edition an ti. Hih KJV hi Apocrypha tel loin an nammi a si. Kum 1611 ih a suakmi KJV thawn cun an dang-awknak hi a tamzet: Hmun 24,000 ah an dang-aw, an ti theu. Hitiin KJV an rem tikah, a hlan ih an remmi kha nam nawn loih um loin an nam hrih thotho theu ruangah KJV hi version pakhat hnak tam siar dingin a um. Kum 1821 ah England ihsin (British and Foreign Bible Society ihsin) KJV cu America ah an thlenpi ih 1830 hrawng cun USA ah KJV an nam ciamco ve. Himi KJV hi Benjamin Blayney ih remmi a si ding, tiah zumnak a um. Kum 1850 hrawng ah American Bible Society in KJV cu USA ah rem hnu ah nam ve dingih an tum tikah KJV pakhat le pakhat an bang-awk lonak a tamzet, an ti. An bang-awk lonak khal an siar  ve  tikah  thawngkul  hluanli  (24,000)  a  um,  an  ti.  “Hiti’n  an  dang-aw  nain  kan  zumnak thupommi ah a palhnak a um lo” an ti. Kum 1860 ah American Bible Society in an rem; asinain an nam suak lo, ziangahtile Bible Society a bawmtu mi hrekkhat pawl an lung a kim lo. Asinain Kawmiti a thar in an tuah ih 1861 ah KJV cu American Bible Society in an suah thei. Cumi cu 1962 ah an rem saal ih America ahcun tuihsun tiangih an hmanmi KJV ah a cang. Cule tubaite, a netalam kan ti pei, an suahmi New King James Version (NKJV) khal remmi a si ih 1975 ah an thok  ih  1982  ah  an  theh.  (Himi  ABS  ih  suahmi a si lo.) Himi khal ahhin Grik Baibal Textus Receptus  an  thlun  thotho.  Mirang  Baibal,  “A  hmaisabik ih lehmi  KJV (1611)  kha  caang  khat hman hrelh loin kan thlun” an ti. Hih New King James Version hnakih neta sawn cu The NewCambridge Paragraph Bible (Cambridge 2005) – TNCPB – an ti ih England ah David Norton in edit a tuahmi an suahmi a um hrih. Kum 1611 ih suahmi KJV kha amah keel tein um saal seh, ti duhnak thawn a tuahmi a si. Hizat an rem ih an nam ih siar ding a phunphun a um lai ah hin KJV a dikbik, an ti tikah khuimi KJV bik so? ti thusuh ding a um. KJV a dikbik, ti tahrat ih “Khuimi KJV?” ti an fianter lo asile an dinhmun a dik lo, anmah khal an thinlung ah a fiang ve lo, tinak a si. KJV a tantu pawl kha an zummi le an pommi a bang-aw ve lo, ti a langter. (If someone says King James Version isinfallible,  which  King  James  Version  are  we  referring  to?) Netabik  remmi  NKJV,  asilole NTCPB hi teh a dik bik a titu kan um maw? A palh thei lo a titu teh kan um maw? Hiti ih kan ti tikah KJV hi a palhnak a tampi sokhaw, kan ti duhnak a si lo. A lettu pawl (a remtu pawl) hi hminthang zetzet an si. An tongfang hmanmi le catlang nganmi (sentence construction) pawl hi a tha ngaingai. Pathian ih hmanzetmi Baibal khal a si. Leilung tlunah an siarbikmi Baibal pakhat a si. Tuihsan khalah KJV hi siar ding a si ko; asinain rinsan tlakbik Baibal a si lo. Cule KJV ih a hmanmi Grik Baibal khal rinsan tlakbik a si lo, Baibal leh tikih hman ding hrimhrim ahcun! Cuih tlunah KJV hi a tharte in leh thluhmi a si lo; KJV an leh hlanah tampi leh ciami Baibal a um ih cumi an rinsan, ti khal hi theih ah a tha. KJV (a bikin Thukam Thar) a mawi kan ti asile a tambik cu William Tyndale hnenah lungawibik ding a si. Amah ih lehmi a mawimi tampi  (tam  ngaingai)  an  laak.  Cutiin  a  mawi  kan  ti  tikah  palhnak  a  um  lo,  tinak  a  si  lo.  A dangdang Baibal lehmi vek thotho in KJV ah palhnak a um zia cu kan langter zo. Cuih tlunah an thlunmi Grik Baibal hi ziang tlukin rinsan tlakbik a si lo, ti cu a thuai ah kan langter ding.
B. Grik Baibal Textus Receptus
A hmaisabik ah casiartu ih theih ding le ruah dingah ka duhmi cu a thuai ih thu pali hi an si:
1. Khuahlanlai ih ca an nganmi hi rei a daih lo. A siat cingcing; a siat theh hlanah an ngan saal cingcing ve. A siat deuhmi cu an hlon cingcing. Cuti a siat cingcing cu an caku a tawntai ruang khalah a si; a tambik cu papyrus (phaikung phunkhat) ih tuahmi a si. Cuih tlunah Izipt, Palestine, le kiangkap ram pawl hi thaw a sazet ih (humidity tla a tam ruangah) caku in reipi a daih lo. Cule tuihsan vekin “air-condition” an nei fawn lo. A ngantu pawl hi scribes an ti hai; Judah phungki le Khristian phungki ti ding tla an si. Anmah in an ngan saal cingcing, tihi theih tha a si.
2. Cuti ih an nganmi cu a siat thluh le a cemral thluh lonak dingah leilung sungah (bel sungah tivekin) an phum theu. Cuih tlunah Rom acozah ih hremmi Khristian pawl in acozah in meisa in urthluh hlah hngaiseh, tiah leilung sungih an Baibal cu an phum theu. Leilung sung a si lo hman ah zo ih hmuh lonak ah an thup theu.
3. Baibal an nganmi hi Grik tong lawnglawng in an ngan. Bawi Jesuh ih Thuthangtha khal Grik tongih nganmi a si. Cabu dang khal Grik tong in an ngan tam. Matthai khal in Thuthangtha a ngan tikah, Paul le Peter khal in Cakuat an ngan tikah Grik tong lawnglawng in an ngan. Kan Thukam Thar a zatein Grik tong ih nganmi hlir an si. AD 100 hlan ah (hrawngah) an ngan theh. Curuangah Jesuh thuhla a hmaisabik ih ngannak ca cu Grik ca a si. Baibal – Thukam Thar – leh tik khalah a cang thei tawkin Grik Baibal ca hi an hmang.4. Palinak hi a thupibik: An nganmi cabu pawl hi a tuan deuh ih nganmi (Early manuscripts) pawl hi an tha deuh; palhnak a mal deuh. Netalam ih nganmi (Late manuscripts) pawl cu palhnak a tam deuh; beetmi an neih phahphah theu ruangah! Fianternak: Jesuh cu AD 30 hrawngah an that ih a tho saal. A Thuthangtha cu an phuang ih an ngan. AD 100 sungah kan Thukam Thar an ngan  theh.  AD  100  sungih  Baibal  ngantu  (Matthai,  Paul,  Piter  pawl)  ih  nganmi  (an  kut  ih nganmi) Baibal hi a um nawn lo; um sehla a dikbik ding nain! Matthai, Marka, Luka le Johan in an kut ih nganmi le Pual le Peter ih nganmi rori hi a um nawn ta lo! Asinain a cemral hlanah midang in an ngan saal ih cumi “midang ih nganmi” (copies of copies) pawl cu a um. Siatral tata loin a luatmi an um! Curuangah AD 175-200 karlak ih nganmi le AD 200-300 karlak ih nganmi Grik Baibal hi an beetmi a mal. An beetnak tete a um nain a mal a si. AD 300-400 kar ih nganmi hi an beetmi a tam deuh. AD 400-500 karlak ih nganmi pawl hi beetmi an tam deuh; cuih hnu ih nganmi  pawl  cu  beetmi  a  tam  deuhdeuh  ngaingai.  Curuangah  “Tuan  ih  nganmi”  (early manuscripts) hi a tha ih rintlak an si; tlai ih nganmi cabu cu rintlak an si lo, kan tinak hi a si. (Himi  hi  Leilung  tlun  ih  Baibal  thiam,  Baibal  thuhla  zingzoitu  pawl  zozo  khal  in  a  dik  an  ti thluhmi  thu  a  si.)  Early  manuscripts  are  better.  Late  manuscripts  are  corrupted.  (Mirang  in corrupt an ti tikah beetmi-hlonmi a um, ti duhnak a si.) Textus  Receptus  timi  (King  James  Version  ih  thlunmi)  Grik  Baibal  hi  ziangtikah  an  ngan?
Thulehnak: KJV ih thlunmi Grik Baibal lakah AD 1000 hlan ih nganmi pakhat hman a um lo. Hrekkhat  cu  1400-1500  karlak  ih  nganmi  a si.  Curuangah  beetmi  a  tam  tinak  a  si.  Textus Receptus cu Europe ah Erasmus in Grik Baibal pawl a finkhawm ih a nammi Grik Baibal a si. Hih Grik Baibal pawl hi a hnu ih nganmi (a tlai ih nganmi = late manuscripts) pawl a finkhawm ih 1516 ah a nammi Grik Baibal a si. Hmaisalam ih (Press thawn nammi) suakmi Grik Thukam Thar a si ruangah mi tampi in a dikbik tiah an ruat. A si lo! Hi hnakih tuan ih nganmi Grik Baibal an um; cumi cu an dik sawn. Asinain cupawl cu Erasmus in a nei lo; a hmu hrih lo. Cuih thu cu a thuai ah kan ngan ding. Erasmus le Textus Receptus: Erasmus hi Europe mi, Netherlands ram mi a si ih Rotherdam khua ah a um. Amah hi a pa an thei lo; fasawn a si, tiin an ruat. Asinain ca a thiamzet ih Grik tla a thiam ngaingai. England tla ah ca a zir ih Saya khal a tuan. Roman Catholic priest (phungki) a si ih Europe (Germany) ah Martin Luther in 1517 ah Kawhhran Remsaalnak (Reformation) a tuah (a thok) tikah Martin Luther a el rerotu a si. Cutluk in Roman Catholic lam ah a tang! Asinain a netlam ahcun RC Kawhhran in an hnong ih a canganmi tla, a thih hnu khalah, “Siar lo ding” timi cazin  ah  an  ret.  Grik  Baibal  lam  ah  duhnak  a  nei  ih  1516  ah  hmaisabik  Grik  Thukham  Thar Textus Receptus (TR) cu a suah. Erasmus in ziang Grik Baibal so a hman ih TR cu a suah? Kan sim zo vekin a hmanmi Grik Baibal hi AD 1000 hlan ih nganmi pakhat hman a tel lo. A hnu ih nganmi (a tlaimi) Grik Baibal an um ih a zate in cazual 25 hnak tam a nei lo. Ziangah tuan ih nganmi Grik Baibal a neih lo? Tile culai ah Grik Baibal a thabik pawl (rinsan tlakbik pawl) a suak hrih lo; an hmu suak hrih lo.
A thabik le a tuanbik le rinsantlakbik Grik Baibal, netalam ih an hmuhsuakmi pawl cu:
Codex:
 (1). Pakhatnak ah Codex Sinaiticus an ti. Hebru cafang hmin an pek ih aleph ti’n an ko theu.  Baibal zate  (Thukam  Hlun  le  Thukam  Thar)  Grik  ih  nganmi a si. German Baibal thiam Constantine von Tischendorf in 1844-59 hrawngah Sinai Tlang ih um St. Catherine timi phungki pawl umnak inn (monastery) ah a hmuhmi a si. A lei ih Russian Orthodox Kawhhran lubik CzarAlexander II hnenah a pek. AD 300-400 karlak ih nganmi a si. Cumi cu Mirang ram ih British Museum in 1933 ah an lei (Mirang tangka in $100,000 an pek) ih atu ah British Museum ah a um. A thabik le a tuanbik ih nganmi Codex (saphaw in cabu) ih tuahmi a si. (A tuan le tuan lo ti ziangti’n an thei thei? ti thusuhnak cu hmun dangah kan ngan leh ding.)
(2).  Pahnihnak  cu  Codex  Alexandrinus  a  si  ih  AD  450  hrawngih  nganmi  a  si.  Izipt  ram  ih Alexandria  khua  ihsin  laakmi  a  si  ih  Constantinople khua ah  an fehpi.  Cutawk ihsin England British  Museum  ah  1627  ah  a  thleng.  Codex  Sinaiticus  kiangte  ah  an  ret.  Thukam  Hlun  le Thukam Thar kimte in Grik ih nganmi a si nain Matthai cabu taa tawkfang a hlo. Ziangti’n a hlo ti an thei lo. Hih Grik Baibal hi a hmin ah “A” an ti theu; Alexandria ihsin a rat ruangah.
(3). Pathumnak cu Codex Vaticanus an timi a si. AD 350-400 kar ih nganmi a si. Baibal zatekim Grik ih nganmi a si nain tawkfang a hlo lala. Ziangtikah a hlo ti an thei thei lo. Thukam Thar Hebru 9:14 ihsin a cem tiang a hlo. Kum 1481 hrawng ihsin Rom khua Vatican Library ah a um zo, ti’n an zum. Asinain zohman in an thei lo. Roman Catholic Kawhhran in zohman an sim lo. Alexandria khua ih nganmi a si hmang an ti. Thukam Thar cabu hrang ahcun, Codex pawl lakah, himi Vaticanus le Sinaiticus hi a thupibik ih ruahmi an si. Neutral Text timi lakah a telmi an si. Thukam Hlun, Thukam Thar le Apocypha a tel; (Apocypha sungah Maccabees a tel lo.)
(4). Palinak cu Codex Ephraemi an timi a si ih AD 400-450 hrawngih nganmi a si. Himi hi a hmaisa ih nganmi kha an phiat ih a neta ah thu dangdang (sermon tivek) an nganmi a si. Mirang in palimpsest an ti. A tlun ih ngancihmi tinak a si. Asinain Thukam Thar an ngan hmaisami kha lang dingin, siar thei dingin, an tuah thei saal; an langter thei saal. Cuti ih an langtermi cu 1845 ah an nam thei. France ram, Paris khua National Library ah a um. A kim lo; Thukam Thar cabu ah cahmai 145 lawng a um.
(5).  Panganak  cu  Codex  Bezae  timi  a  si.  Tong  phun  hnih – Grik  tong  kehlam  ah,  Latin tong  vorhlam  ah – an  nganmi  a  si.  AD  400-500  karlak ih  nganmi  a  si,  ti’n  an  zum.  AD  550 hrawng khal a si thei. Thuthangtha pali le Tirhthlah cabu lawng a um. (Asinain Matthai, Johan, Luka, Marka, tiin a um.) Thukam Thar hmaisabik tlang thum cu cati sen in an ngan. Geneva ih Kawhhran  hotu  Theodore  Beza  in  Cambridge  University  hnenah  1581  ah  a  pekmi  a  si. Curuangah Codex Bezae tiih an kawhnak a si. Western Text timi lakih an rinsanmi pakhat a si. Himi Codex cabu phun nga (saphaw thawn cabu ih tuahmi), AD 500 hlan ih nganmi, lak ihsin cabu pakhatte hman Erasmus in a hmang lo. A theih lo ruangah a si lo. A neih lo ruangah a si sawn. An hmu hrih lo. A hmanmi Grik cabu cu AD 1000-1500 karlak ih nganmi Grik Baibal – a tlaimi hlir a hmang. Curuangah Erasmus ih suahmi Grik Baibal Textus Receptus an run ti lehmi hi  rinsan  tlakbik  a  si  lo,  kan  tinak  hi  a  si.  Ziangahtile  a  tlai  deuhdeuh  tikah  beetmi  a  tam deuhdeuh.  Erasmus  hmanmi  hi  cupawl  cu  an  si.  Cumi  cu  KJV  in  a  hman  tikah  KJV  sungah beetmi a tam ve tinak a si. Cumi cu Dr. Sui Lian Mang ih a leh ve tikah beetmi a tam ve ruangah, anih cun “a kim” tiih a ruahmi a si; midang ih lehmi Baibal pawl cu “Um Lo” timi 300 hrawng a um ih amah ih lehmi cu “A Um” a kim thluh, tiih a langnak hi a si. Mangbang ding a si lo. Cutiin “A um” tiih lang ding hrimhrim a si. “A um” timi pawl hi a tam sawn cu beetmi an si ruangah a si. A thlunmi hih KJV a si; a thlunmi a dang! Midang cun KJV cu kan thlun lo. Kan thlun lo kan tikah  kanmah  (Falam,  Hakha,  Tiddim,  Mizo)  lawng  kan  si  lo;  Leilung  tlun  United  Bible Societies sungih um Bible Societies hmuahhmuah le Bible Translation Consultants hmuahhmuahih thlun lomi a si. Cule NIV Baibal an leh tik khalah KJV cu an thlun cuang lo. A thabik le a tuanbik ih nganmi Grik Baibal an thlun sawn. Baibal lehnak hnatuan ah KJV a thluntu hi an tam lo. Mi mal an si. Minuscules: (Mi-nu-scules tin siar ding) Himi pawl hi cafang a peh teih, kut ih nganmi an si. (Mirang  tong  cun  cursive  script  an  ti.)  Grik  tong  thotho ih nganmi an si. Baibal a kim tein a ummi le hrekkhat (tlap khathnih) lawng a taangmi tiin an um. A zate cun cazual (manuscripts copies) cu thawng thum zikte an um. A hrek cu a tlaimi an si. Asinain tuan ih nganmi khal an um.  Rintlak  timi  pawl  hi  AD  300-400  kar  ih  nganmi  an  si.  (Himi  sungah  a  tam  sawn  cu Byzantine  Text  timi  an  si  nain  Western  Text  tile  Alexandrian  Text  timi  phun  khal  a  um  ve thotho.) Tuan ih nganmi pawl hi Erasmus kut ah a thleng lo. Curuangah a hmang thei lo. Papyri: Papyri ti tikah Papyrus tampi tinak a si. Papyrus catlap ah Baibal an ngan ih kum reipi a daih lo khal le saphaw (savun) hnakin tam deuh cabu ngannak ah an rak hmang. Saphaw hnak cun a man a ol deuh. Grik Baibal hi, Baibal zate a kim na, kim na lo, cahmai pakhat hnih tivek tla in a taangsun, leilung sung ihsin laihsuahmi le a himnak hmun ih thuhmi pawl, a zate khawm tikah cazual/cabu (manuscripts) pali nga lawng a si lo; 5200 hnak in a tam sawn an um. Cutluk in Baibal manuscripts tam a um – tuan ih nganmi tamzet kan nei, tinak a si. Papyri – Baibal papyrus parih nganmi – Baibal hi an zate cu a si lo nain a tam nawn cu Codex (saphaw thawn tuahmi cabu) hnakin a tam sawn. A tam sawn lawng a si lo; tuan sawn ih nganmi an um. (The earliest manuscripts of the Bible we have are the papyri.) A hrek cu AD 200-250 karih nganmi tla an um. Thukam Thar a kim thluh lo nain a umsun cu an sunglawi ngaingai; ziangahtile Matthai, Marka, Luke, Johan, Paul le Piter ih nganmi a naihbik cazual an si! Cuih Papyri pawl a hmu hmasabiktu cu Amerika mi, Ireland ram Dublin khua ih um Chester Beatty a si ih 1931 kum ah Izipt ram leilung sung – thlanmual sung ihsin an suahmi – casual hleihnih (12 copies) kha a lei ngah. Hipawl hi an zohhliah tikah AD 200-250 kar ih nganmi a si ti’n an fiang. Cupawl cu Chester Beatty Papyri an tiih Dublin khuapi ah an ret. Cuih Papyri lakah a tuanbik pawl malte kan sim ding. A zate cun kan sim cawk lo ding.
(a) Papyri 45 (= p45): Himi hi Thukam Thar a kim lo; catlap 220 hrawng a um hmang nain atu ahcun  catlap  30  lawng  a  um.  Thuthangtha  pali  le  Tirhthlah  cabu  an  tel.
(b) Papyri 46 (= p46): Himi hi Thukam Thar a kim lo; catlap 86 a tel ih a zate in Paul cakuat lawnglawng an si. Cumi sungah Timote le Titas (Pastoral Letters) a tel lo. (Tubaite ih in simmi cu, p46 hi Ann Arbor (USA) khua ih um University of Michigan ah a um ih, hnah 60 (60 pages) a  um,  an  ti.)
(c) Papyri 47 (= p47): Himi sungah Thuphuan cazual sung ihsin catlap pahra lawng a tel. Chester Beatty papyri an hmuh hnu ah a thupizetmi papyri an hmuhmi cu Geneva khua ih um M. Martin Bodmer papyri a si. Martin Bodmer hin Chester Beatty bangin 1959 ah a lei ve ih a hmin ah  Bodmer  II  an  ti.  AD  200  hrawngih  nganmi  an  si.  Cumi  sungah  thupi  pawl  cu:
(a) Papyri 66 (= p66): Hih papyrus cazual hi Johan Thuthangtha a zate zikzik in a um. A tuanzet ih  nganmi  (AD  200  hrawngih  ngan)  a  si.
(b)  Papyri 72  (=  p72):  Judas  Cakuat  le  Paul  Cakuat  pahnih  a  tel.  Tuan  ih  nganmi  an  si  ve.(c) Papyri 75 (= p75): Himi hi AD 175 le 225 karlak ih nganmi a si ih Baibal cazual hmaisa biklam ih nganmi an si. Luka le Johan Thuthangtha an tel.
Khristian Baibal Ca hi tuan zetzet ih rak nganmi Grik tong in a ummi (Baibal kan neih) ruangah lungawizazet a si. Papyri cazual (papyri manuscripts) pawl hi pakhat hnih si loin zahnih hrawng kan neih ruangah – a hrek cu tuanzet ih nganmi an si ih rintlakzet an si. Hi bangtuk tuan zetzet ih nganmi Papyri hi Erasmas in a hmu ngah ve loih Textus Receptus sung khalah a telh thei ve lo; King James Version sung khalih a tel thei ve lo tikah a kim lo, a tlaksamnak cu a si. Erasmus in Ziangti’n Edit a tuah? A tlunah kan sim zo: Erasmus in Grik Thukham Thar Textus Receptus hi kum 1516 ah a suah kan ti zo. Amah hin Grik Baibal a neihmi pawl cu edit a tuah. Midang in Grik Thukam Thar an suah hmaisa pang ding ti a ruah ruangah edit a tuah daan hi duhngetzet  in  si  loin  a  nawt  ciamco;  ziangahtile  Basle  khua  ih  um  cabu  suahtu  (publisher) Froben in Grik Baibal – Complutensian Polyglot timi midang ih an suahhlan ah suah thei dingah Erasmus cu a fial. Curuangah Erasmus cun a hmuhmi le a neihmi pohpoh a khawm ih, a khawmtheimi cu cazual tawntai deuh (poor quality manuscripts) le a hnu ih nganmi (late manuscript) –AD 1000 hnakih tuan pakhat hman a nei lomi – cupawl finkhawm in Grik Thukam Thar (Textus Receptus) hmasabik cu a suah.
A tuan ih nganmi Grik Baibal si loin a hnu ih (tlai ih) an nganmi Grik Baibal kha Erasmus ih a hman  ruangah  a  hleifuan  tam  nawn  a  tel.  Cupawl  lakah  panga  ruk  lawng  kan  sim  ding:
(1) Matt 6:9-13, Bawipa thlacam: Jesuh in Bawipa thlacam in zirhmi sungih a ummi hi Khristian kan si vete in kan saal theumi a si. Cuti kan saal tikah caang 13 nak peh ah, “Uknak le huham le sunlawinak cu kumkhua in nangmai’ taa a si, Amen” kan ti theumi hi hmaisabik lam le a thabik timi Grik Baibal pawl ah a um lo. Curuangah kan lehmi Baibal ah kan telh lo. Ziangahtile hih cacaang hi a tlailam ih nganmi Grik Baibal sung lawngah a tel; a tuanbik Baibal sungah a tel lo. Asinain  Erasmus  cun  Textus  Receptus  sungah  a  telh.  KJV  sungah  a  tel  ve.  Hmaisabik  Grik Balbal ah a tel lo nain kan duhzetmi cacaang a si ruangah kan Baibal a thuaibik ah (footnote ah) kan telh cih. (Main text ah kan telh lo.)
(2) Tirh 9:6, ah, “cule khur phah le mangbang in Paul cun, ‘Bawipa, ziangso tuahter i duh?’ tiah a sut” timi hi Erasmus in Textus Receptus sungah a telh ih KJV sung khalah a tel ve. Himi hi kan theihmi Grik Baibal khuitawk sung hmanah a tel lo. Jerome in AD 420 hrawng ih Baibal a lehmi Vulgate (RC Baibal) sung ihsin Erasmus in a laak ih Grik ih a leh copmi a si; Grik Baibal sungih um  lomi  a  si!  Curuangah  kan  Baibal  sungah  kan  telh  lo.
(3) I Johan 5:7, “Vancung ah Pa, Thu le Thlarau Thianghlim an um; hi pathum hi pakhat an si,” timi hi Erasmus in Textus Receptus ah a telh ih KJV khal in a telh. Asinain Grik Baibal khui hmanah a um lo. Erasmus ih beetmi a bang. Hmasabik lam ih nganmi Grik Baibal ih a um lo ruangah  kan  Baibal Thianghlim  ah  kan  telh  lo.
(4) Thuphuan: Erasmus ih hmanmi Grik Baibal Thuphuan cabu cu 1100-1200 AD ih nganmi a si ih cumi cabu pakhat te (only one manuscript) lawng a nei. Cuih cabu sungah Thuphuan Cabu ih netabik caang ruk a um lo. (Thup 22:15 tiang lawng a um.) Curuangah amah Erasmus in Latin Baibal  Vulgate  sung  taa  kha  Grik  ah  a  let  ih  cumi  cu  Textus  Receptus  sungah  a  telh.
(5) Thuphuan 5:14, ah, “Amah cu kumkhua in kumkhua tiang a nung” timi Erasmus in Textus Receptus sungah a telh. Himi hi khuitawk Grik Baibal sung hman ah a um lo. Curuangah kan Baibal  ah  kan  telh  lo.(6) Efesa 3:14, ah, “Kan Bawipa Jesuh Khrih” timi hi an beet. Hmaisabik nganmi Grik Baibal le khuitawk  Grik  Baibal  sung  khal  ih  a  um  lo  ruangah  kan  Baibal  ah  kan  telh  lo.
(7) Rom 8:1, ah, “Tisa duhnak thawn a feh lotu, asinain thlarau duhnak thawn a fehtu” ti hi an telh.  Hmaisabik  Grik  Baibal  ah  a  um  lo;  curuangah  kan  Baibal  ah  kan  telh  lo. Himi pawl hi Grik Baibal ah a um lo nain Erasmus ih telhmi hrekkhat pawl an si.
(8) An telh lomi: KJV lettu pawl (remtu pawl) in an hmanmi Grik  Baibal sungah a tlasammi tawkfang  a  um.  Cumi  cu  a  tlaksam  vekin  an  hmang;  A  thuailam  ah  malte  kan  langter  ding; hmaisabik  Grik  Baibal  ah  telh  an  si  nain  KJV  Grik  Baibal  sungih  an  telh  lomi  pawl:
(a) Matt 24:36, ah, “Fapa in siseh (a thei lo)” timi hi an taanta, an telh lo. Hmaisa bik ih nganmi Grik  Baibal  sungih  a  um  ruangah  kan  Baibal  sungah  kan  telh.
(b)  Tirh  4:25,  ah,  “Thlarau  Thianghlim  hmang  in”  timi  an  telh  lo.  Grik  Baibal  a  tuanbik  ih nganmi  sungih  a  tel  ruangah  kan  Baibal  ah  kan  telh.
(c) Tirh 16:7, ah, “Jesuh ih Thlarau in a on lo” timi ahhin, “Jesuh” a tel lo; “Thlarau” lawng an telh.  A  tuanlambik  ih  nganmi  Grik  Baibal  in  a  telh  ruangah  kan  Baibal  ah  kan  telh.
(d) Rom 8:28, ah, “Ziangtinkim ahhin Pathian cun amah a duhdawtu le…” timi sungah, “Pathian cun” timi hi a tel lo. An Grik Baibal ah a tel lo. Asinain hmaisabik lam ih nganmi Grik Baibal ih a  um  ruangah  kan  Baibal  ah  kan  telh.
(e)  1  Piter  2:2,  “thlarau  hnawiti  duh  uhla  cuih  hnawiti  nan  innak  thawngin  nan  thang  dingih rundammi nan si ding” timi sungah “rundam mi nan si ding” ti hi Erasmus in a telh lo. KJV khal in a telh ve lo. Asinain hmaisabik le a thabik timi Grik Baibal sungih a um ruangah kan Baibal ah kan telh. Erasmus ih a beetmi siseh, a telh lomi siseh, a zate in sim le rel a tul lo tiah kan ruat. Kan rel khalle a thathnemnak a um lo. Tawkfang kan sim cun kan sim duhmi a fiang paam tiah kan ruat. A tlun ah Erasmus le a edit mi Textus Receptus thuhla a tawizawng in ka ngan. Ziangruangah Erasmus in  Grik  Baibal  hi  a  hnu  (a  tlai)  ih  nganmi  le  a  tawntaimi  (a  kim  lomi  le  beetmi)  a finkhawm ih Textus Receptus Grik Baibal cu a suah, ti kan fianter zo. Ziangbangtuk in a beet ih ziangbangtuk in a kim lomi a finkhawm, ti tla kan hmu zo. Casiartu hin nan siar hnu ah rinsan tlak  a  si  ngaingai  maw?  ti  cu  nanmah  ciar  ih  relcat  ding  a  si.  King  James  Version  le  Textus Receptus hi rintlak an si ko, tiih nan ruatcat a si ahcun nanmah thu a si. Zohman in cuti’n khati’n relcat uh ti theinak kan nei lo. Asinain  pakhat  kan  fianter  duhmi  cu:  Leilung  tlun  ih  Baibal  lehnak  (Translation)  le  Baibal namnak  (Publication/printing)  hnatuantu,  ram  120  lenglo  le  office  200  lenglo  ah  hnatuantu, United  Bible  Societies  le  ramtin  National  Baibal  Societies  (Kawlram  ah  “Myanmar  Bible Society” kan nei ih USA khalah “American Bible Society” kan nei), hih Bible Societies pawl hin Baibal hi tong phunkim ih an leh tum tikah (atu ahcun Leilung tlun ih tong 2400 lenglo in Baibal an let zo ih) Textus Receptus le King James Version hi nan hmang ding, tiah Baibal lettu an ti dah lo. (NIV an leh tik khalah KJV an thlun lo.) Cuhnak ih tha deuh le tuan deuh ih nganmi Grik Baibal (a tlun in kan langtermi pawl) hi an duhsakmi le sirhsanmi si dingah Baibal lettu pawl an zirh hai ih an sawm hai a si. TEV khal cubangtuk rinsantlak Grik Baibal ih lehmi a si. Codex le Papyri timi sungih Grik Baibal pawl hi a dik deuh tiah an ruat. A hnu ih nganmi Grik Baibal hnak  cun  tuan  ih  nganmi  Grik  Baibal  cu  rinsan  a  tlak  deuh,  ti’n  an  ruat  ciar.  Kan  Baibal Thianghlim hi a tuanbiklam ih nganmi Grik Baibal thlun ih lehmi a si. Rintlak a si.Falam  tong  in  kan  ngan  reromi  Baibal  Simfiangnak  (Hre  Kio  Commentary  series)  khal  hi rinsantlak  kan  timi  Pastor  pasarih  in  kan  ngan  ih  atu  ih  rinsantlak  a  si,  kan  timi  kan  Baibal Thianghlim thlun in kan nganmi a si. (Pastor pakua kan si nain Rev. Edward Hlawn Piang le Rev. Dr. Hrang Cung Nung in tuih kum ah in thihsan ih kan riah a sia. Asinain an hnatuanmi cu a hmun ringring ding.)
C. Ziangtinso Textus Receptus timi hmin a rat? Zo in so a pek?
Zohman in hmin an sak lo; zohman in an pek lo. Cabu “kyaw-ngia” (commercial tuah) nak ihsin a  rami  a  si.  A  tawizawng  in  sim  sehla:  Erasmas  in  Grik  Baibal  1516  ih  a  suah  tikah  Textus Receptus tiah hmin a pek lo; cuih cabu cu hmin a nei hrih lo; Pakhatnak Grik Thukam Thar (First New Testament Grik Text) ti a si. Cuih hnu ah malte an rem ih cuih Grik cabu cu an suah saal: Kum 1519, 1522, 1527, le 1535 ah an suah saal. Erasmus ih tuahmi Grik Thukam Thar cabu cu Paris khua ih cabu suahtu Robert Estiene (Latin ih ngan tikah a hmin cu Stephanus a si) le a fapa Henri in 1546 ah an suah ih mal tete rem in 1549, 1550 le 1551 ah an suah. Eistienne cun a suahmi Grik Thukam Thar cabu cu caang khat, caang hnih, tiah Baibal caang (Bible verses) a pek ih tuihsun tiangin kan hmang tami hi a si. Geneva khua  ih  a  ummi  Theodore  Beza  in  Stephanus  ih  a  voilinak  ih  a  suahmi  Grik  Thukam  Thar (Erasmus ih suahmi le malte remmi) cu a suah ve: Kum 1565 le 1611 ah voihnih a suah. Cule Netherlands ram, Leyden khua ah Elzevir unau pahnih –Bonaventure le Abraham – in Theodore Beza ih suahmi Grik Thukam Thar cu kum 1624 ah an suah ve. Cule hi unau pahnih (Bonaventure le Abraham) cu “kyaw-ngia” lam ah an fim, an ti thei zet. Mi hnenih Thutheihter (commercial tuah) an thiam. Netherlands cu ram fate a si ih mi tampi in siar hai seh ti duhnak thawn 1633 ih an Grik Thukam Thar an nam zawngah an “kyaw-ngia” cu hiti’n an  ngan:  Latin  tong  in  an  ngan  ih  Mirang  tong  cun,  “The  text,  therefore,  you  now  have  is accepted by all, in which we give nothing changed or corrupt” an ti. Lai tong cun: “Curuangah atu ih nan neihmi cabu hi mi hmuahhmuah pommi a si, zianghman thlengmi le beetmi-hlonmi kan nei lo” an ti. Cuti ih Mi hmuahhmuah pommi timi cu Latin tong cun Textus Receptus ti a si. Cumi cu tuihsun tiangin a taangta. A ngaingai ti ahcun beetmi le hlonmi a tamzetmi cabu a si. An beet an hlonmi thu hnakin, an “kyaw-ngia” mi kha mi in an sim an rel tam sawn. Cuih “kyaw- ngia” cu Fundamentalist pawl cun Grik Baibal dang hnakin Textus Receptus hi an rel tam sawn a si. Cule ruah tlakzet pakhat cu: Erasmus in 1516 ih a suahmi Grik Thukam Thar le Bonaventure le Abraham in 1633 ih an suahmi Textus Receptus timi hi an bang-aw lo. A malbik ah hmun 287 ah an dang-aw, an ti. Cumi hman ah beetmi-hlonmi a um zo, tinak a si. Hitin Textus Receptus tiih kawh  hi Khristian  tampi  cun  tuihsun  tiangin  “Mi hmuahhmiuah ih pommi” a si ngaingai tiah Textus Receptus cu an ruat. An theih lo ruangah a si, ti ding a si. Hiti in Textus Receptus ti ih hminpekmi le kawhmi hi Kawhhran ih pekmi a si lo; Kawhhran hotu pawl ih relcatmi khal a si lo. Cule Church Council ih relcatmi khal a si lo. Cabu zuar duh ah “kyaw-ngia” tuahnak ihsin a ra suakmi a si. Tuih san ahcun Baibal lam thungaithlak ih a zingzoi ngaingaitu lakah hih Textus Receptus a pomtu cu mi malte deuh ngaingai an si. Asinain a au-thei zettu an si theu.Hih  ka  nganmi  cahram  hi  Falam  Baibal  a  hmangtu  hrang  lawngah  a  si  lo;  Hakha  Baibal  a hmangtu siseh, Saya Thang Hup ih lehmi Baibal a hmangtu, Saya Sui Lian Mang ih lehmi Baibal siartu le Mizo Baibal a hmangtu pawl khal siseh, an siar ciar ve dingah ka duhnak a si. Cule Kawl  tong  in  Baibal  lehmi – Judson  Version  siartu  khal  in  an  siar  dingah  ka  duhsakzet. Ziangahtile Kawl tong ih Judson Version hi (Thukam Thar tla cu) King James Version le Textus Receptus ihsin lehmi a si ve. Thudik le thu-um daan ngaingai kan theih ciar hi a thupi tiah ka ruat. Thudik kan theih lawngah kan Kawhhran dinhmun hi a hnget ding.A siartu hmuahhmuah hnenah Pathian ih thluasuah hnangamnak um hram seh!
December  12,  2011,  Monday
Atlanta, GA, USA
 
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                             DR. HRE KIO-IH CRITICAL ANALYSIS KA HMUH VE DAN Revd. B. Lallianthang

Thuhmaihruai

Lai ca siartu hmuahhmuah hnenah kum thar cibai! Pathian zangfahnak ruangah kan hruaitupawl in Bible version a phunphun kan lai ttawng rori ih in lehsak thei rero mipawl le fakselawknak kan tuahsakawk ttheu mipawl hi mifimpawl le miphun picangpawl cun ‘tthansonak bik a si’ an ti vekin, tui ttum khalah Dr. Sui Lian Mang ih cabu Dr. Hre Kio ih review a tuahsak mi hi ngunngaih zetih zohsak vesal dingah ka lo sawm hai. Kan unau Mizoram khalah Dictionary ngantu mithiam J.F Laldailova khan King James Bible sirhsan in ‘Mizo Bible Thlirna’ cahnah 318 sah a ngan mi  khal tlawnginn tampi ah cun critical a phunphun zirnak ah an hmang hai ih, kawhhranpawl le Bible lettupawl khalin kan tthansohpi nasa an ti a si. Tubai khalah Hmar Bible lettu L. Keivom le Zolife Editor in J.F ngan mi sirhsan in in zirhsal ih kan hlawktlang zet hngin. Kan Lairam  kawhhranpawl hin ziangtin ruat ve pei maw? Pathian tthatnak in kan Laimi Bible Doctor kan neih mipawl hi kan hero si dingih kan tuahawcawp mi an si riai lo. Tulai T.V talk show ih hminthang Mr. Suhel Seth ih ttawng, ‘Poor is a nation that does not have a hero; poorer still is a nation that requires a hero,’(hero nei lo miphun cu an farah; hero a ttul mi miphun cu an farah sinsin) a ti vekin Dr. Sui Lian Mang le Dr. Hre Kio khal hi Pathian ih in pek mi kan hero an si. Phuahcawp (Lan-be) Ph.D an si lo. Tui ttumah kei khalin Dr. Hre Kio ih critical analysis (ka cahram) a ti mi hi, Bible scholar-pawl le Dr.Waite Ph.D;Th.D mitkharh hmangin mallai cuansak ve ka duh ih, Romantics criticism lam hawi thei ding hi ka lungthlitumbik a si. Amahlawngte ziangvek thuanthu khal hi a ngantui hmuhdan vek si loin a danglam thei ti a si ih, Russia, German, France…tvkp hi dik lo deuh ih thuanthu ngan an hmang ttheu ruangah miphun tumpi pi an si ko nan leitlunpi hin an ngaisang hai lo. England hi thuanthu a sinak vek cekci ih ngantu an si ruangah leitlunpi ih upat le ttihzah an si ti hi history ah kan hmu thei. A tlunih kan rel mi Dr. Waite khi classical Greek, Latin le Literature si seh B.A.,M.A., M.Th.,Th.D.,Ph.D., tipawl hi Southern Methodist University, Dallas Theological Seminary, Purdue University pawl ihsin zirsuak a si ih, Bible tlawng 9 laiah Hebrew le Greek kum 35 sung a zirh zo. Baptist kawhhran ah pastor khal a si fawn.

Kan Thupi Sungah Lut Sehla: Dr. Hre Kio ih cangan mi hi hnah 10 ah kan hersuak ih, hnah ziangzatnak tiin kan rel mai ding.
Pakhatnak: Dr. Hre Kio ih ‘ka cahram’ a ti mi (Hnah1,10) hi a thuhla/fehpidan zoh tikah, ‘cahram’sisawn loin fakselnak(critical analisys/book review)lam hawi a si sawn. Cahram(article); Essay; Prose…tvkp hi mithiam cin hi cun felfai zetin in thleidangsak hai sehla a duhum zet nan!! Ziangahtile kan fanau cazirpawl hrangah kan literature value kan niamter vivo thei ih cangan mi pohpoh hi ‘Cahram’ tiih hmin pek hluahhlo mai a ngah lo. Dr. Hre Kio hin mipi hrang tthatnak a si pam tizawng in poetric licence ti bangih ‘Cahram’ hmin a pek hi cu a thu fehdan thawn a kalhaw tuk deuh.
Pahnihnak: Dr. Hre Kio hin Dr. Sui Lian Mang hi thuphan a puh maw si ti pang a awlte. Dr. Sui hin King James Version lawng a rinumbik a ti riai lo. NKJV khal a rinbik thu a reltelcih rori nan. Dr. Hre Kio hin KJV lawnglawng ih a thlur sakdan zoh tikah hin Falam Baibal Thianghlim namthlak tum rori ih a puh ruangah a si, a pawi nasa. Dr. Sui ih ‘Bible Khaikhinnan Cabu’ hi mithiampawlih tidan khal a si ih, a bukawtawn nasa. Bible version a phunphun umtuzia theihnak lamah in fimvarter tiah mitampi in an rel a si. Hivek Comperative critism hi damnak le fimvarnak ah hmang thiam cio nungna a duhum zet nan. Bible pakhat lawng namthlak duhnak ih kan ruah pang a si ah cun Jehova Witness-pawl bangin mai duhnak zawn lawng a cuk ih cuksakawk pang a awlte. Kan hruaitupawl hin thinlung kau zetin ziangkim hi bukawtawn zetih in zirh asile kan dam tlang ding a si.
Pathumnak: Bible International (B.I) VS United Bible Society (UBS). Dr. Sui Lian Mang in ‘KJV Bible lawng rinsan tlak bik a si’ a ti mi hi, mangbangza a si. KJV hi vei tampi an remtthat rero zo mi a si ih a khui mi bik so maw dik bik…? (Dr. Hre, Hnah 2-4). Dr. Hre ih mangbangnak hi mangbang ding a si lo nan. Kap khat te lawng le mitkharh colour phunkhat lawngih research kan tuah pang a si ah cun ziangkim hi mangbangnak hlir an si ttheh. A kau thei bikih research tuahtupawl cun hahdam zetin hitin an rak hminsin depdep zo: 1611 kum ih KJV kha le tulai KJV ih an danglamnak cu hmun 421 lawngah a si. 1611 lai ih KJV ah khan cafang 791238 a um ih, cumi sung ihsin cafang 285 cu danglamnak tenau (minor change) an si. Cuihsin cafang 136 cu thleng taktak an si(change of substance). ‘Amongt’ ti kha ‘Among’ tiin; ‘Lifted up’ ti kha ‘lift up’ tivek; ‘Ye’ ti kha ‘you’ …tvkp khi an si ih, a cafang lawng thlengawin a SULLAM cu bangrep thotho an si; Ui ti le Uico tivek fang khi an danglamnak cu a si thotho ruangah Dr. Sui ih reldan hi a dik a si. KJV cu KJV a si camcin ko. Mithiam maktarapawl hin an rak zirngah neknek zo a si, mangbangnak ding a um lo e.
Palinak: Dr. Hre Kio in Erasmas khan A.D 500 hlanih ngan mi(Saphaw thawn cabu ih tuah mi a rak nei lo ih…A.D 1000 le 1500 karlakih ngan mi Greek Bible a tlai mi ( neta suak) lawng a nei. Early manuscript are better. Late manuscript are corrupted; a cahmai 5-6 ah a ngan. Dr. Hre in a thar hi an ttha lo ih a hlun hi a ttha a ti mi Codex 5-pawlih thuhla hi mithiam ropi Moorman cun a rak zirngah depdep zo mi a si. Hitin: Kawhhran hmaisa palepawlih an ca ngan mi(A.D 110- 397); Nicean A.D 400 hlan le 400 hnu lamih cabu bu 86 pawl ihsin a zingzawi (research) ciamco tikah hih kawhhran hmaisa-ih palepawl hin hmun 279 rori ah Erasmas ih a rak lakkhawm mi Textus Receptus (TR) sung ihsin an laksin mi a si ti hi a hmusuakngah zo, mangbangnak ding a um nawn lo nan. Curuangah Dr. Hre Kio in a hlunbik Codex 5 a ti mipawl hi an rak hlun bik cuang lo ti hi an zingzawi ngah zo.TR hnakih an hlun sawnnak zianghman a um cuang lo (Dr. Waite Research bu P. 58). Dr. Moorman ih research tuahdan le Dr. Hre ih ngandan hi ni suah le ni tlak lam vekin an danglam a si hi. TR hi kawhhran hmaisa palepawl khan an rak hmang nasa tuk zo mi a si ti hi an hmusuak vivo thlang a si cu. Hivek research hi Dr. Sui le anau Dr. Uk Pi khalin Doctoral Study in USA lamih an zir ttheunak san a si. Cuihsin Dr. Hre ih ttha a ti mi Codex Sinaiticus, Tischendorf in St.Catherine phungki tlawng ih a hawlsuah mi a ti mi hi cu, rel nuam lo zet a si ko nan ziangkhalle phundangah ruat siangaw lo ten a ruh langih rel a ttul thlang ko. Hih phungkipawl (puithiam) hin thlatang ih mei hlum aihnak dingah tiin, hnawmpung sungah ur dingih an penkhawm men mi a rak si ngelcel. Hiti ta rori cun Dr. Hre Kio hi ziang lawmmamah so na ruah in ti men thei. Ziangkhalle, research tuahtupawlih English khal malten tarlang sehla a ttha ngai ding, The Sainai manuscript(Alep) was found in the wastepaper basket at St. Catherine’s monastery. They were getting to burn it to keep warm for the winter (Dr. Waite Research bu P.59). Cuihsin amah Tischendorf hi German liberal pacang (apostate scholar) an ti mi a si ih, thlarau hlo rundam hnakih hlanlai thil hlun ta rori buaipi a si vekin British Museum in an ram tangka 100000 ih an rak leisak khal cu thil hlun duh le hawl ciocio an lung a kim veve taakah; cahnah sia ting khatih leiawk tete cu amah Dr. Hre Kio ttawngdan takah, an lei FUH riai kan tisak ve mai pei. Aizawl khalah Evan. MiMi pawlin Vana Pa Hall ah damnak tidai tiin an rak zem ciamco dah ih, hmansehla Journalist-pawlih an zingzawi taktak tikah Sitama(drug addicted) paih a mi umnak tidai kha a tawthawhnak cu a rak si. A tleu mi pohpoh hi SUI an rak si lem lo ti a si kha. Cule kum zabi 19-nak cem lamih Bible thiam miropi Cecil J. Carter cun a cabu hmin ‘Kut Ngan Hlunbikpawl’ a ti mi hnah 10-nak ah hi tin a ngan, ‘Codex Sinaiticus ( Dr. Hre ih a hlunbik a ti mi ) hmusuaktu amah Tischendorf ttawngkam rori kha hitin a ngan, ‘Hih Codex (A) ah hin mi dangih an thleng reronak hmun15000 laiah a um,’ tiin. A rak hmusuaktu hmanin hi zat lawmmam a DIKLONAK a hmuhsuahsal a si ah cun,Dr. Hre ih ‘a hlun pohpoh a ttha a ti mi hi’ ttih an va nung zik so, diklo a tamtuk a si cu. A hmusuaktuih ttawngkam rori an ngan mi a si sapbai. Cuvek thothoin, mithiam hleice Hoskier khalin Liberal pacang Westt & Hort ih rak hmuhsuah mi(Dr. Hre ih tthumawknak) Codex A&B hi ngunngaih zetih zirnak le KHAIKHINNAK a tuah tikah, Codex A&B hi Gospel 4 sung lawng hmanah an kalhawknak hmun 3000 lenglo a hmusuak a si cu. Thlung thar zate sungah cun a diklonak/palhnak a va tam zik lawmmam so. Curuangah, research tuahtupawl le mi tampi kan thil hmuhdan a rak kaakaw zet mi pakhat cu ziang a si ti le, hivekih kut ngan hlun zetzet an hmuhsuah mipawl hi zumtu hmaisa palepawlih an rak hman mi an si lo ruangah him zet zetin tui san tiang an tthat theinak san hi a rak si sawn a si. ‘Zumtu hmaisapawlih an rak hman taktak mipawl cu an ttet nasa ve zo ding ih, hmuh ding hman an um nawn ding maw si,’ ti hi thungaithlakih kan ruah ttul mi sawn cu a si. Ziangkhalle kan thupi palitnak sung ihsi hin thil umtudan cu mithiampawlih mitkharh hmangin tawkfang cu kan cuan thei thlang ko ding.

Panganak: Dr. Hre Kio VS Moral Reform &Moral Ethics
King James Version namthlak tum tuk ruangah Erasmas hi ‘lakfa’(fasawn)tivek hi  leitlun dan ih Journalist Ethics hmanah an duh lo lawlaw mi ttawngkam a si. Nunau kaihhrem(rape) vansiat a tawng mi hman khi an hmin nan ngan lo pei ti a si. An hmailam hrangah a ttha lo thei ti a si. Politics diktak khalah bulpak siatnak ngan/rel hi an duh lo lawlaw. Leitlun hruaitupawl, hlaphuahthiam, canganthiampawl le mifim hminthang tampi pawl hi an bulpak thuanthu ah cun Erasmas vekih zangfakza tampi an um ve ko. Erasmas hi lakfa/fasawn cu a si ko nan a cawmtu puithiam nupa hin an san laiih zirnak tlawng ttha bikah an kaiter ih, Zurop ram hmuahhmuah ih Greek thiambik a si. Amai pronounciation tuah mi hi tui ni tiang zokhal ih zir mi ah a cang lanta a si hi.


Paruknak: King James Version hi Bible siava (wicked Bible) an ti. Dr. Hre P.4. Rel tam ttul loin Dr. Hre ih sawiselnak P.3&4 thupawl hi cu, research tuahtupawl in hivek hi cu an rak hminsin depdep ttheh zo ih, KJV Bible namtu/suttupawlih an rak sut/rial pang mipawl an si ti hi zokhalih theihfiang ttheh zo mi asinan; ziangahlehlam Dr. Hre hin hivek thu tenau tuktukpawl hi a run phawrhsal paih rero si pei? Hivek kan rel paih a si ah cun rel cawk khal a si lo. Geneva Bible(1560) khalin Gen.3: 7 thu hi ‘theipi hnah cu bawngbi ah an tthitaw’ tiih an rak leh ruangah bawngbi Bible (breeches Bible) an rak ti ve nasa. Mizo Bible leh hmaisat mi khalin Lk. 2:21-25 thu hi, ‘Tin, ni riat a tlin’in a ZANG TAN a hun a, a hminga Jishua an sa…tirko-vin a shak tawh kha,’ ti vekih an rak leh ruangah ZANG TAN Bible tiin hnihsuahsainak ah an rak hmang nasa dah. Dr. Van Bik khalin holh theih lo a rak huat deuh ruangah, ‘thli lakih vawih thawh’  tiih a rak leh hmaisa ah khan ‘VAWIH Bible’ ti ta roriin an rak au nasa a si kha ! Atu cu a thlengaw zo. Dr. Hre Kio ih Bible hmaisa lam khalah ‘hai’ ti a rak tam deuh a si hmang, ‘HAI’ Bible an rak ti ciamco laiah Dr. Sui Lian Mang cun Dr. Hre Kio lehdan hi a dik a si tiah a rak ttan ringring kha ka cing eueu lai ko. Dr. Hre Kio khalin Dr. Sui Lian Mang hi kan khua (Zo khua a theng thei pang a si ah cun Sia rori thah nan zuam pei ) a ti tiah Bible tlawngtapawlin in sim. Sia hi Lai dan ah cun sunlawihawknak sangbik a si.

Pasarihnak:Dr. Sui Lian Mang hin, Fundamentalist lungput in KJV hi rinumbik a ti a si…(Dr. Hre ih cahmai-2-nak) Dr. Hre kio in Fundamentalist tizawngih Dr. Sui a puh mai hi cu tulai mino ttawngkam cun a tthing (old model) tuk deuh a si. Ziangahtile King James Bible rinumbik titu hmuahhmuah hi international huapih kan zoh asile, kawhhran tinkim, mithiam(schoolars) tinkim, Pathian mipawl siarcawklo sung ihsin an si hai ih rel tam a ttul lo ding. Amahlawngte, laimi hruaitu hrekkhatpawlih Fundamental an hrilhfiahdan le an hmuhdan (concept) hi cu tui san fimthiamnak a tthangso tuk mi ah hi cun an ralrin zet a ttul thlang ding. 2000 kum hlanah kha cun kum 4 danah milai hi theihnak lamah kan rak danglam ttheu ti a rak sinan, 2000 kum ihsi cun kum 2 danah kan danglam nasa tuk thlang ti a si thlang ruangah, midang kan hmuhdan parih kan ttawngkam hman mi tetepawl hi ralrin a ttul zet thlang a si. Tulai virtual world ah cun sizung Doctor khalin cathiam lem lo mi hnen khalah computer an zirsawn riangri a si hi! Midang thiamnak niamdeuh vekih hmuhsakawk a ngah nawn ta lo e. Curuangah kan laimi hruaitu hrekkhatpawl hin Evangelical, Fundamental, Conservative…tvk umtuziapawl hi theihngah deuh kan ttul. Mizoram hruaitu tamsawn khalin Liberal, Charismatic, Penticostal, Evangelical…tvk tipawl an theithiam lo ruangah ziangtinkim an rawi thluh thlang ih atu ah tla cun, ziangtinkim hi ‘A ttha a sia thleidang nawn loin kan pawm thluh  lawlaw mai pei uh, cule ziangkim hi ei ttheh kan tum lawlaw ding ih kan ril le pumpi ih a ngaih lo asile kan luaksal men pei cu; a luak thei lo poh sungdawkah tiin AR khawthim fehin kan fehthlang,’ tiah an/kan mithiampawl cu an ttap rero a si. Politics khalah AR khawthim feh thotho kan si hrih lai an ti a si.

Pariatnak:Dr. Hre kio in a ca hmai 2-nakah, ‘Dr. Sui Lian Mang hi Bible thuhla tawkfang a zingzoi (leh-la) ve ruangah....’ Dr. Hre Kio hin hivek ttawng irhsit(irony) hi zirnak bangaw ciocio parah cun hmang lo sehla a duhum zet nan, ziangahtile, Dr. Hre le Dr. Sui hi America ih Ph.D degree ngah veve an si. Pathian thawngin tawkfang zir le lehla menmen an si lo. Dr. Hre Kio ih ttawng irhsit(irony)khi ziang a bang ti le, mai zirnak lawng sangdeuhih retaw in, midang zirnak hmuah ‘tawkfang(leh-la)’ vek fangin midang cu a hmuniam ti pangnak a si. Dr. Hre hi mi zawmtaih a hmang ka tinak si loin, a ttawngfang hman mi hi mei a nei deuh ka tinak sawn a si. India misuanvawr P.M Dr. Manmohan Singh leilung tlun hruaitu tthabikih an hrilnak san cu: ‘A ttawngkam hmandan a ralring ih, mi zokhal a hmuniam dah lo,’ ti hi a si. Ziangkhalle, Dr.Hre Kio hi cu kan theih cio mi a si pam, Dr. Sui hi kum 50 hman a kim deuh hrih lo nan Pathian zarah kan suanvawr pakhat a si ve bangtukin a zirnak thuhla, a ttha lam hlur a sip am,  thei duh kan um pangah malten  tarlang sehla: Dr. Sui hi a pa U Thla Mang cu Acozah(palik) hna ttuanin Khaikam ih an um laiah a suak ih, Falam khua
Canmary tlawngah phun hra awng felfelin, India rampi ih Evangelical Bible Tlawng ttha pahnih ah B.Th., B.D., M.B.S tipawl hi a hmun rori ah a zir. M.R.E khal Grand Rapids Baptist Seminary Asia program ah a kai rori ih kai in a zir ttheh. Cuisin Rangoon in Doctor of Biblical Studies (DBS) khal Gulf Coast Baptist Seminary, USA ah hlaral zirnak in Dissertation khal ngan in a ttheh ih, degree cu a hmun ah va fehin a la hngehnge. Honorary Doctorate Degree tivek khal Pacific International University in Doctor of Divinity(D.D), Doctor of Christian Laws (LL.D), Great Plains Baptist Divinity School in Doctor of Humanities( D.Hum.) ti vekih cawimawinak dawng mi a si ve. Kan chin mi lakah Dr. Sui le Dr. Rochunga Pu Daite lawng hi Doctor of Law(LL.D) sunlawih co an si hrih hmang maw ka ti, ka hrelh mi an um pang pei maw? Dr. Sui in a Ph.D degree khal hi Bible History lam rori in USA ah le Queen’s University, UK ih a zirsuah mi rori a si. Kan lai ttawng ten cabu ttha zetzet bu 50 leng lo a ngan zo. Dr. Sui tei unau 4 hi India Evangelical tlawng tthabik bik pawl ah le Filipines tlawng ttha hminthangpawl ihsin M.Div., M.Th., D.Min., Th.D tla hi an va zir hai ih, Prof. Uk Pi Th.D tla hi Bible consultant dinhmun ih ding thei a si thlang. Mission lam a/an buaipi tuk hrih ruangah a si, an farnu neihsun Miss Mary khal hi ram dangah Baptist pawl thawn an ttuantlang rero lai. Dr. Sui tei unauza hin rawngbawlnak lam ah cun Fundamentalist tikulh fate lungput an keng riai lo, a kau theibikin an awngaw ih leitlun pumhuap in Presbyterian, Baptist kawhhran pawl (team) dangdang tla thawn an ttuantlang thluh thei a si. Mai kawhhran lawng tthabik,
dikbik, tumbik ih ruahawknak(churchianism & church mentality) lungput an nei lo ti hi ka thei hai lawlaw. An unauza lakah upa lam deuhpawl hi hringtu nulepa in Pathian hnenah  vawk pakhat fingfingih rak hlan
mi an si.

THUTLANGKAWMNAK:
Mirang Bible ih SAN THLENGTU(revolution) an ti mi cu, Tyndale in Greek ttawngih a leh mi kha a si ih, cumi cu King James Bible lehnak hrampi, Zurup khawmualpi hmuahhmuah sungih Greek ttawng thiambik Erasmas ih a rak lakkhawm mipawl kha an si. KJV hin Tyndale ih leh mi sung ihsin 100 ah 90 rori an lakbet lai hrih, rinsan tlak bik cu a rak si hrimhrim ngai ko. Pathian tthatnak ruangah atu ah cun kan chin ttawng phun 6:    Falam, Hakha,Tidim, Matupi, Bualkhua, Zotung ttawng pawl in King James Bible hi Bibles International kaihhruainak tangah consultant-pawl thawn in lehsak rero thei thlang ih, Pathian hmin sunglawi ko seh. KJV an let kan ti ko nan, consultant-pawl hin Hebrew le Greek Original rori ih an
cek(check) hai ruangah di a riam cuang. Mizoram khalah Dr. P.C Biaksiama M.Sc.,M.Th., Ph. D., D.D hin Bible For The World thawn pehzawmawin KJV Thlung Thar cu an suah thlang ih, atu hi Thlung Hlun a bei rero lai. Mithiam dang ttangrual ih KJV an leh mi cu kum hmaisa lamah an suah zo. KJV hin kum 400 a kimnakah leitlun pumhuap in a lar deuh deuh ih a kum 400 kimnak ah hin leitlun pumhuap in lungawithu Pathian hnenah an sim tiah Inter-denominational Christian magazine ah an suah.
Miropi Garl Gustav Jung (1875-1961)ih thufim:
                 Who looks outside dreams; (Lenglam zohtu cun thli
lakah inn a sak)
                  Who looks inside awakes;(Sunglam zohtu cu a tthangharh)
A tlun thufim ih in zirh vekin, tui ttumah King James Version a sungmu lam kan zohtlangnak (critical analysis) pawl hi kan tthangharhnak cio ah cang thei hram seh tiah thlaza camphah in;
Khrih-ih  nan rawngbawlpi,

Rev. B. Lal Lian Thang
Promotional Director
The Great Commission Theological Institute
Aizawl, Mizoram State

………………………………………………………………….


ALAM  BAIBAL THIANGHLIM HI RINSAN TLAK LO TEH A SI THEI MAW?
Textus Receptus/TR le KJV hi a dang hnakin rinsan tlak sawn teh a si thei maw?

By Abraham Ram Lian Uk

Dr. Hre Kio Ngan mi “Falam Baibal Thianghlim hi rinsan a tlak ngaingai maw? ti mi Hliakhlainak:

Bible Thianghlim kan do lo, khui mi Bible Thianghlim hi rinsan tlak a si ti hi hliakhlai a `ul.
Atu ih kan hman mi Falam Baibal Thianghlim hnakih rinsan tlak, kim sawn, `ha sawn Bible a um. Cucu kan Kawlram ah cun Adoniram Judson ih leh mi Kawl Bible (1835), A.D 1847 ih suak Mon Bible, A.D.1860 ih suak Karen Bible le atu ah Bibles International ( Baptist Mid Missions Bible Society)pawl hohatnak ih an leh lai rero mi Falam `awng, Hakha `awng, Tedim `awng, Matu `awng, Bualkhaw `awng, Zotung `awng pawl hi rinsan a tlak sawn ti hi thei tlak thu a si. Ziangahtile rinsan tlak, a kim mi Greek Bible Received Text/TR thlun ih an leh mi a si. Cucu mirang Bible King James Bible khalih an thlun mi Greek Bible a si. Cui thu cu a hnuaiah ngan a si.
Dr. Hre Kio kan do lo, kan upat, kan Laimi mithiam hmaisa kan pa rori a si ti cu zo khalih theih a si. Falam Baibal in lehsak lo sehla, kan Falammi cu Kawl Ca le Mirang Ca, Mizo Ca siar thei lo pawl tla cu mitcaw vek kan si ding. Baibal siar ding kan nei lo ding. Anih in pumpeaw in kan Falammi hrangah Baibal in tawlrelsak tikah siar ding kan nei, a lungawium tuk lawmmam, lungawithu hi kaa ih relsuah theih khal a si lo. Hi cangantu tla hi cu nauhak te a si ih, Dr. Hre Kio hi a fak lawlaw, amah sawisel le do lam si loin Bible hi atlangpithu ih phunhnih a um thu, Dr. Hre Kio in Greek Bible Received Text/TR rinsan a tlak lozia, cumi thlun ih leh mi King James Version rinsan a tlak lozia le cui Greek Bible TR thlun ih leh mi Bible pohpoh rinsan tlak an si lo tiih a ngan mi thu hi rinsan tlak an si sawn zia titithunuam ah a ngan men mi a si.
Casiartu hnenah khawruahnak lungthin neitertu le mitvangtertu si hram seh ti hi cangantui duhthusam a si.
A hnuai lamih thupawl hi kan zoh ding mi an si:

KJV THAWHDAN DANGLAM
THUSUHNAK HREKKHAT
ATU IH THUTHLUNG THAR MANUSCRIPTS UM MIPAWL HLIAKHLAINAK
        (1)Byzantine Text phun
        (2)Alexandrian Text phun
MANUSCRIPT HLUN  lole KKHUAHLAN LAIIH NGAN MI GREEK MANUSCRIPT HI NETA LAM TA HNAKIN A `HA IN RINSAN A TLAK SAWN TAKTAK MAW?
RECEIVED TEXT HI RINSAN TLAK A SI MAW?
CRITICAL TEXT/ SAN BIBLE ~HUMAWKNAK
(1)Codex Sinaiticus (Aleph)
(2)Codex Vaticanus (B)
(3)Codex Alexandria (A)
CODEX SINAITICUS LE VATICANUS ZOHFENGNAK
ALEXANDRIAN MANUSCRIPT SUAHKEHNAK
WESTCOTT LE HORT HI ZO AN SI?
TEXTUS RECEPTUS (TR)/ RECEIVED TEXT
ERASMUS
KHUI MI KJV BIK SO?
ZIANGRUANGAH KJV AH APOCRYPHA A TEL?
TR/KJV SUNGIH UM MI HREKKHAT BET MI AN SI TI MIPAWL SIMFIANGNAK
TEV “THISEN TEL LO BIBLE” (Bloodless Bible)
GREEK BIBLE BANGAWKLONAK
            CUTI ASILE ZIANGTIN?

KJV THAWHDAN DANGLAM

Textus Receptus le King James Version `antupawl hi hmuhsualnak a um `heu ruangah a hnuaiih thupawl hi theih a `ha. TR le KJV `antupawl hi zirhnak sual kengtu le fehsual ih ruah an si `heu. Himi hi ahleicein KJVlam `ang le ca tampi ngan ve tu Dr. Peter Ruckman ruangah a si bik a bang. TR/KJV `antu dangpawlih `andan thawn a bangaw lo ti hi theih a `ha. KJV lam `an deuh cun Dr. Ruckman vek (Rumanites) lole fehsual, zirhsual a si ti vekih tiawk lohlinak a um `heu. Dr. Ruckman-ih aupi mi thu hrekkhatpawl cu:
(1)KJV hi thuahhnih in thawtkhum a si; (doubly inspired)
(2)KJV hi phuanlangawknak nasa sawn a si (advanced revelation)
(3)Mirang KJV hi atirih ngan mi Cathianghlim (original language   
     Scriptures) hnakin thawtkhum sawn mi a si;
(4)KJV hi atirih ngan mi Cathianghlim remnak ah hman theih a si;
(5)Thawtkhum mi Mirang Bible a um ruangah Bible ngannak `awng a
     si mi Hebru, Grik le Aramic tivek zir a `ul lo;
(6)KJV hi `hadeuh ih tuah a theih lo; (cannot be improved)
(7)KJV lawng hi Thuthang`ha dik umnak Bible a si;
(8)KJV hmang lo tupawl cu Hell ram feh ding an si;
(9)Mirang `awng hmang lo zumtupawl khalin Thutak thei ding cun Mirang an zir a `ul tivek tla a si.
Curuangah KJV `antu pohpoh hi hipaih zum mi vek pawmtu siih ruah hi thil dik a si lo. Hi mi ca khal hi Dr. Peter Ruckman zumdan vekih ngan mi a si lo ti tla lo theihter ka duh.
          Hi cangantu in simbet a duh mi cu Pathian Cathianghlim thawtkhumnak le kilhimnak (Verbal Plenary Inspiration and Verbal Plenary Preservation) a zum ti hi a si. Pathian in Cathianghlim thawtkhumnak hi vawi hnih, vawi thum a tuah lo. Thawtkhumnak hi ahmaisabik ngan mi (original autograph) lawngah a si. Pathian in famkim zetih a thawtkhum mi cu a kilhim a si. Kilhimnak tel loin thawtkhumnak lawng zum cu sullam a nei lo. Ziangahtile atu ah atirih ngan mi  (original autograph) a um nawn lo, kan nei lo (Himi hi Bible thuhla ah cun a hrampi an si. Himi thuhla hi tampi rel a theih nan kan rel lem lo ding).

THUSUHNAK HREKKHAT
Dr. Hre Kio in ‘hmaisabik Grik Bible, hmaisabik ngan mi Grik Bible’ a ti mi hi ziang mi bik, khui mi bik a si ding? Mathai, Peter le Paul tivek pawlih ngan mi (autographs) hi a hmaisabik Grik Bible cu a si nan a um nawn fawn lo. Atu ah cun ngansawng (copy mi) mi manuscripts-pawl lawng a um. Cupawl cu a hmaisabik Grik kut ngan mi Bible cu an si nawn lo. Curuangah ngansawng mi (copy) a sim duh mi a si ko ding. Cumi hmanah Codex Sinaiticus le Codex Vaticanus (kum zabi 4) a si pei maw? Hi mi pahnih ah le Bible kim in a um fawn lo. Cui pahnih hmangin Westcott le Hort ih suah mi Grik text a si pei maw? CuloleWestcott le Hort text le Nestle/Aland suah mi text zulhin United Bible Society ih suah mi Grik Bible (UBSGNT) maw a si ding?

Dr. Hre Kio in Erasmus in Grik Thuthlung Thar a suah laiah ‘Grik Bible a `habik pawl (rinsan tlak bik pawl) a suak hrih lo; an hmusuak hrih lo, a ti. Cuti asile kum 1000 lenglo Pathian in a falepawl rinsan tlak lo mi Grik Bible a hmangter, hmanter a siang tinak a si ko lo maw? Pathian in rinsan tlak mi Grik Bible a falepawl hnen ihsin a thuhsak ih, kum 1000 lenglo hnu lawngah a hmusuahtersal hai ih, hmanter a siang tinak a si ko lo maw? Pathian-ih mizia thawn cu a va milaw lo ve!! Jesu in lei le van an hloral ding, asinan, ka thupawl (`awngkampawl) cu an hloral hrimhrim lo ding,” (Mat. 24:35) a ti mi teh ziangtin a si pei?

Dr. Hre Kio in British Museum ih ret mi Codex Sinaticus (Aleph) cu miring tangka $ 100,000 in an lei a ti mi kha, British paisa pound £100000 .00 sawn a si, khaih san laiah cun US  dollar in cu $ 500000.00 hrawng a si( (William P. Grady: Final Authority, p.99-100). Dr. Hre Kio in a theifiang lo teh a si pang pei maw? Asilole a theisual pang the a si pei maw?

Dr. Hre Kio in Codex Sinaiticus le Codex Vaticanus hi ‘a `habik, a tuanbik le rinsan thlak bik Grik Bible, neta lamih an hmuhsuak mipawl’ a si tiah a ti. Hi mi pahnih ah Apocrypha an tel ih ziangruangah Falam Baibal Thianghlim ah telh a si lo. Bible cabu an si lo ruangah telh lo cu a si ding, asinan ‘a `habik, a tuanbik le rinsan tlak bik Grik Bible’ a ti mi ah le a tel fawn si!

Dr. Hre Kio in “Erasmus hi a pa an thei lo”   tiih an ti mi khal thudik lo a bang. A pa cu Roman Catholic priest Gerhard  le a nu cu sibawi fanu Margaret  tla an si (William W.Comb, Erasmus and The Textus Receptus, p. 2). Dr.Hre Kio in a theifiang lo teh a si pei maw? Lole mipi hin ziangkhal thei lem hlah hai a tinak the a si pang pei maw tiah ka ruat.

Dr. Hre Kio in “…tuan laiih ngan mi (early manuscript) hi a `ha ih rintlak an si; tlai ih ngan mi cabu cu rintlak an si lo,…(Himi hi Leilung tlunih Bible thiam, Bible thuhla zingzawitupawl zozo khal in a dik an ti thluh mi thu a si)”  a ti mi hi cu  thudik lo lawlaw a si. A dik lo titu Pathian thuthiam hminthang hrekkhatpawl an hmin tarlang hnik sehla: Dr. John William Burgon (1813-1888), Dr. Eward Miller (1825-1901), Dr.Herman Charles Hoskier (1864-1938), Dr. Eward F. Hills (1912-1981), Dr. Alfred Martin (1916-1996), Dr. David Otis Fuller (1903-1988), Dr.Jack Moorman (1914- ), Dr. Danold A. Waite (1927- ) le a dang mi tampi. A diklo an tinak san cu kan zoh vivo ding.
Ziang mi Grik Thuthlung Thar Text le ziang mi version hi rinsan a tlak ti thei ding cun Thuthlung Thar manuscript thuhla theih ta tla a `ul ruangah a hnuai lamah kan tarlang ding

ATU IH THUTHLUNG THAR GREEK MANUSCRIPT UM MIPAWL
        Thuthlung Thar pumhlum lole `hen hrekkhat atu ah leiltun ih hmuh mi/neih mi Grik manuscript5,255 a um tiah 1967 kum ah Kurt Aland in a ti(David Otis Fuller, D.D, Which Bible?, p. 26). Cu mipawl ah Papyrus -81, Majuscules (cafang tum ih ngan mi - manuscript written in capital letters) -267,Minuscules (cafang te ih ngan mi (manuscript written in smaller letter script)-2,764 le lectionaries cu (biakkhawmnak ih siar `heu mi) – 2,143 an si. Manuscript thar hmuhsuah vivo a si ih 1989 kum ah cun 5,488 a kim(Malcolm H.Watts, The Lord Gave the Word, p. 16 (pdf file). Kurt le Barbara Aland in 1994 ah cun Grik Thuthlung Thar manuscript hi 5,650 a um an ti(David  H.Sorenson, Touch Not the Unclean Thing, p.22) .

 Cu pawl cu hitin an `hen bet.
1. Papyri – hipawl hi 1989 kum ah 96 a um ti a si. A thawkah cun
codex lole cabu pian vek an si ding nan atu ah an zate deuh thawin `hen hrekkhat lawng an tang. Atlangpi in vunnel le nikhua ih kilhim bawmnak hmun Izip ah hmuhsuah an si. Hipawl an rel duh tikah scholar-pawl in “P” an hmang ih P1, P2, P3 ti vekin number an pe. UBSGNT 4th edition vek asile papyri 97 a um(Jeffrey Khoo, Kept Pure In All Ages, p.31).

2. Uncials – hipawl hi 299 a um.  Kum zabi 4  hrawngih savun   
(Parchment) lole vellum parih ngan mi codex (cabu) pian keng an si. Cafang tum hlir le puntuantion um loih ngan mi an si ih, uncial script ti a si. ~himnakah, John 3:16, “PATHIANINLEILUNGMIADUHDAWTTUKRUANGAH” vek hi a si. A hlun deuh ih theih mipawl cu cafang tum le zero, cu `heh in nambat (A-02 tivek) in an ko. Neta lam cu numbat lawng an nei (056).Codex Alexandria A-02, Codex Vaticanus le Codex Sinaiticus pawl hi thupi deuh ti mipawl an si (neta lamah kan zoh leh ding).

3.Minuscules – hipawl hi 2812 a um. Cafang tum si loin cafangte ih
ngan a si ruangah misnuscules lole cursive tiih kawh a si. Himi cangandan hi bulpak (private) cangan mi hrangih hman mi a si ih kum zabi 9  hrawngin mibur calai hrangih hman a si.  Thuthlung Thar tam sinsin neih a `ul ih, ngansawng (copy) dingah can le a mal fawn si, an ngansawng (copy) tik khalah savun (pachment) cahmai malte lawng a lak ruangah himi hi hril le hman sawn a si. Thuthlung Thar neih duhnak a tam vivo tikah hi mi hman hi a remcang zet. Hi pawl cu (1, 2, 3 tiih kawh men an si).
Kum zabi 9 hrawngin hman a si nan atirih ngan mi (original) theihpitu hrangah rinsan tlak lo tinak a si hrimhrim lo. Kum zabi 9 hrawngih manuscript  hi kum zabi 3 ta lakih copy mi tla a si thei. Manuscript ah cun ziangtik kum ta ti hi thupibik si loin, vawi ziak copy  mi a si ti hi manuscript hlun tahnak a si sawn.

Minuscules ah cun hipawl tla an tel.
MS1 –Thuthlung Thar bu zaten (Thuphuan lawng tel lo) Kum zabi  
                   12 codex
MS4 – Kum zabi 12  ta Thuthang`ha pa 4 a um.
MS12 – Kum zabi 11  ta thuthang`ha pa 4 a um.
MS21-  Kum zabi 10 ta Thuthang`ha pa 4 a um.
MS43 – Kum zabi 10 ta bu hnih  (two volumes), Thuthang`ha pa 4  
              tel mi bu (volume), a pahnihnak cu Apostol le cakuatpawl
               (Acts and epistles).
MS330 – Kum zabi 11 ta Thuthang`ha pa 4, Apostol le cakuatpawl  
                   (Acts and Epistles)
MS565 – Kum zabi 9 ta Thuthag`ha pa 4 a um.

1.    Lectionaries – hipawl hi 2281 a um. Kum zabi 6 ta an si ih kawhhran hmaisapawl in biakkhawmnak ih siar dingih timlam mi cakuatpawl le Thuthang`ha bupawl an tel (Evengelia and apostoli). A tamsawn cu cafang tum (uncial) le hrekkhat cu  cafangte (misnuscules) ih ngan mi an si. Hipawl khal numbat ih kawh an si. “l ” ti mi kawh tawinak an tel (Lect) l59 lole Lect 1280 ti vekin an ko.
         
Leilung tlunih Grik Manuscript um/ neih mipawl `hendan (classification)
Grik manuscript tampi a um. Scholar-pawl in lole a zingzawitupawl in an ti mi cu bangawklonak a um hnuaihni na cingin manuscripts-pawl hi group khat sinak langtertu bangawknak an nei. Atlangpi in grouppahnih ah `hen an si. Asinan mi hrekkhat in pali laiah an `hen. (1) Byzantine text (Tranditional, Majority, Textus Receptus/ Received text  tiin theih tlangpi a si), (2) Alexandria text (Neutral, Local text ti tla a si), (3) Western text le (4) Caesarean text ti an si. A neta pahnih hi thupi zetih ruah an si lem lo.
B.H. Streeter in 1924 kum, Thuthang`ha pali zingzawinak in Caesarean text a si tiah hmaisabik a ti. Asinan textual critic-pawl in an pawmpi lem lo. Western text phun hi cu western Europe lam ta a si tinB.F. Westcott le F.J.A. Hort in an ti. Himi text phun ah Codex Bezae ( kum zabi 5), Codex Claromontanus (kum zabi 6) tivek pawl tla hi an si.

  (1)Byzantine Text (the byzantine text-type)
Himi text hi Byzantium tiih theih mi Constantinople khua thawn a pehparawk ruangah Byzantine text tin a hmin tla a si ta. Culawng si loin Byzantine san A.D. 312-145 ih Khristian kawhhranpawl ih hman mi (standard text) khal a si (cumi hlanpi ihsin rak hman zo mi a si.) Nisuahnak lam khawpi a thlen hlanah Rom peng Syria ram An`iok ah himi text cekci hi rak hman le kilhim zo a si. Cutawkih um Bible zum Khristianpawl le hruaitu `ha`ha pawlih hman mi  a si. An`iok cu Khristian darhsuahnak hmunpi a si. Curuangah Antiochian text tin tla an ko.
Himi text hi Grik manuscript tamsawn ih `an sawn mi/lungkimpi (support) mi a si. Papyri manuscripts-pawl ah himi text  `anpitu (support) tampi a um. Cafangtum (uncial) ih ngan mipawlih 95% hi himi `antu/lungkimpitu (support) an si. Cafangte ih ngan mi (minuscules) pawl zate deuh thaw in himi lam `ang an si. Zohfel `heh zo mi lectionary-pawl khal himi lam `ang  an si. Manuscript tamsawn ih `an(support) mi a si ruangah Majority Text  ti khalih kawh a si. Cun san khat hnu san khat Bible zumtu Khristianpawl in an run hman vivo ruangah Traditional Text ti khalin an ko. Himi text phun hi Bible thuanthu ah `anpitu (support) a nei tam.
Hlanlai ih an hman mi Bible  tampi in himi text phun hi an `an (support). Culawng si loin kawhhran palepawlih (Church fathers) nemhngeh mi khal a si. An cangan mipawl ah hmuhtheih an si (relbet mi a hnuai lamah a um). Himi text phunpawl hmangin a hmaisabik nam (print) mi Grik Thuthlung Thar Bible cu suah a si (relbet mi a hnuai lamah a um).
Rak ruat ve aw:
1.    Himi text phun cu Syria ram An`iok khua thawn pehtlaihawknak a nei. Bible sung hrimhrim ah An`iok khua hi a `ha lam hlirih lang a si.
a.     Apo.6:5 ah An`iok ti a lang hmaisabik. Jerusalem kawhhran in dikhon an hril miih pakhat a si ve mi cu An`iok mi a si.
b.    Apo.11:19-21 ah Stefen thih hnu zumtupawl Jerusalem ihsin an `ekdarh ih, An`iok ah a thleng mi an um. Thuthang`ha an sim ih mipiangthar tampi an um.
c.     Apo.11:22-24 ah Barnabas cu An`iok ah thlah a si ih, amah hmangin mi tampi an piangthar ih An`iok kawhhran ah bet an si.
d.    Apo.11:25,26 ah Barnabas in Paul a hawlsuak ih An`iok ah a hruai ih, rawng an bawltlang.
e.     Apo.11:26, Zumtupawl cu khristian ti mi hmin in hmaisabik an kawhnak hmun a si.
f.      Apo.11:27,28 – An`iok ah Pathian in a profetpawl a thlah.
g.     Apo.11:29,30 – Pathian in An`iok kawhhran thlawsuah a pek mi in Jerusalem ih zumtupawl sumpai in an bawm.
h.    Apo.13:1-3 – Pathian in missionary a thlah duh tikah An`iok kawhhran a hmang. Paul-ih missionarykhualtlawnnak pawl kha An`iok in a thawk thluh.
i.       Apostol dang pawl khalin An`iok an tlawng (Gal. 2:11, 12).
j.       A rei hlanah Zentel kawhhranpawl karhzainak hmunpi ah a cang. A.D. 70 ih Jerusalem khawpi siatbal hnu tla cun khristiannak hmunpi ah a cang ti el theih lo a si. An`iok ihsi suah mi text cu apostolpawl le khuahlan khristian kawhhranpawl ih cohlan le hman mi a si ih, rinsan tlak a si.
2.    Hi text hi sim zo vekin Byzantium (Constantinople), nisuahnak lam Empire ihsin Byzantin text ti hmin a ngah. Ziangahtile cutawkah Standard Grik text ah a cangta. Constantinople cu Grik `awng hmannak hmun le Grik `awng hmang kawhhranpawlih hmunpi a si. Nitlaknak lamah cun Grik `awng hmang nawn loin, Latin `awng lamah an pial. Nisuahnak lamah cun Grik `awng hi official le tlang `awng ah a cang tata. Curuangah a dik in a hman mi text  theithiam le suah dingah an thiam in an rintlak sawn.
1.Hi text hi kum zabi 4 ah mi kipih hman le duh a si laiah, Bible zumtu  
khristian kawhranpawl ah Bible thiam (scholar) zetzet pawl an um. Hrekkhat pawl cu Methodius (A. D. 260-312), Antanasius (A.D. 296-373), Poitier mi Hilag (A.D. 315-67), Jerusalem mi Cyril (A.D. 315-380), Nazianzer mi Gregory (A.D.330-394) pawl le midang tampi an si. Rinnak dik phuangtu (formulate) le Thutlung Thar Canon hmuhsuahtu tla an si. Text khal an zingzawi (study) nasa. San thar critic-pawl hnakin a siatral thluh zo mi hlanlai ta le man nei taktak manuscripts-pawl zoh theinak le zoh`him theinak an nei. Cui can ihsi ra suak mi text cu athupi tuk mi a si.
2.Jew-pawl cu an hnenih van lam phuanlangnak kilvengtu dingih ruatcia  
mi an si vekin, Thuthlung Hlun pumhlum cu (Hebrew Massoretic Text) dik lo(corrupt) loin ralring zetin an kilhim. Cutikah thusuhnak suak mi cu, khui mi Thuthlung Thar text hi hlanlai ihsin Thuthlung Thar kawhhranpawlih an run hman sawng vivo mi a si pei ti hi a si? Bible zumtu khristianpawl le kawhhranpawlih run hmansawng vivo mi text cu himi text hi a si.
3.Atu ah leilung tlunih um Grik Thuthlung Thar manuscripts-pawl
hmuahhmuah ih 90% cu himi text phun an si `heh.  Critic hrekkhat pawl in himi text cu neta lam lawngih hmuhsuah mi text a si an ti nan, cucu a si hrimhrim lo mi thu a si. Manuscripts um mi zate hi zohman ih zohfel a si lo ih, Critic tuahtupawlih an tivek sawn si loin, a dang hlanlaipi ta khal a um ti hi thuhman a si.Kum zabi 4-nak lawng in a ra suak lo ih A.D. 150 le 200 hrawngta manuscripts-pawl hmuhsuak zo a si. Atirih ngan mi (original) ta vek cekci a si ruangah hmun zakip ah a `ekdarh ih, mikip ih hman le pawm mi a si. Cutin copy tampi tuah a si ruangah rei a daih lonak a si.
4.Van lamih kilkhawinak maksak cu Pathian thudik parah a lang.
Ziangahtile zumtupawl in a dik mi rori Pathian thutak an `ul ringring (Mat. 24:35, I Pet. 1:23, 25). Thawtkhum hmangih pek mi `awngkam(word) hi nam mi (publish produce) pawl khal an si. Zapi hrangih suah mi hi thawtkhum hmangih pek mi `awngkam thawn a bangaw (Sam 68:11). Pathian in a dik lo (corrupt) le phun tampi cawkrawiaw mi Bible text cu a falepawl a pe ding ih kum 1000 lenglo hmang dingah a siang ti cu ruah ngam ding hman a si lo. San thar critic-pawlih mi zumter an duh mi cu himi ciah hi a si.
5.Thuthlung Hlun text-pawl Pathian in a kilhim vekin Thuthlung Thar
text khal a kilhim ve ding ti hi zum ngam a si. Thuthlung Hlun cu cawkrawi lo riai in san khat hnu san khat a kilhim vivo ih, cumi cu Jesu Khrih le Apostolpawl in an pawm ih an zirh. Cumiih cafang te bik le thai khat te tiangin a thianghlim mi a si (Mat. 5:18, cf Joh. 10:35). Pathian in a phuanlangawknak Thuthlung Thar khal hiti vek `hiam`hiam in a si ve. A `awngkam netabik sual um loin ngankhum a si ih, a kawhhranpawlih neih dingah a ret ih a ra lai ding mi san ah pesawng vivo in tui ni tiang a thleng a si. I Pet. 1:25, “Sikhalsehla, BAWIPAI thu cu kumkhua in a hmun. Nan hnenih phuan mi thuthang`ha cu cui thu cu a si.”

 (2)Alexandrian Text phun
Hi manuscripts-pawl hi cu malte lawng an si ih, Izip ram ih Alexandria khua thawn pehparhawknak nei mi an si ti cu cafang kawmpawl in a langter ti a si. Curuangah hlanlai papyri-pawl lakah hipawl hi hmuh an si (P46, P47 tivek). Himi text phun aiawhtubik cu Codex Sinaiticus (Aleph) le Codex Vatincanus (B) an si.Himi text phun dinpitu cu Alexandria palepawl an si ih a bikin Origen (A.D. 185-254) le Cyril (A.D. 376-444) an si.
Rak ruat ve hnik:
1.Hi text phun hi Izip ram Alexandria ih tawthawk mi a si. Bible  
    sungah Izip le Alexandria teh ziang vekin a lang ti zoh ta sehla:
a.     Sem. 12:10-12 - Izip a lang hmaisabik ih a sia lam in a si.
b.    Suah. 1:11-14 - Israel tefapawl Izip ah sal an si.
c.     Suah. 20, Danpek. 4:20; 17:16, Thu. 11:8 pawl ah Izip a lang ih a sia lam hlir a si.
Alexandria ti hi Bible ah vawi 4 lawng a lang nan a sia lam hlir a si ve.
a.     Apo. 6:9 – Buainak suakter in Stefen eltu le thattu tiang an si thu a lang.
b.    Apo. 18:24, Apollos in theifiang loin a zirh ih neta lamah Aquila le Prisilla in an zirhbetsal, cutin a thusim mi a diksal ih rawngbawltu `ha ah a cangsal. Bible zirhawknak `ha lo thawn bangaw nawn mi a si ko.
c.     Apo. 27:6; 28:11 ah Alexandria ti a lang ih `ha lo lam a si ve. Hi khua le ram pawl ah apostolpawl an ceng dah ti Cathianghlim ah a langnak a um lo. Asinan kawhhran thuanthu ih lang mi cu zirhsualnak rapthlak zetzet zirhtu an um ih an zirh ti a si. Gnostic zirhnak dinpitu Basilides, Isdore le Valentiustivek..culawng si loin Bible ah sualnak, palhnak a um ih rem ding a si ti philosophy tla an keng. Hi hmun ihsi suak mi pohpoh cu rinhlelh um zet an si.
2.~awngfangpawl remsalnak (rearrangement) ihsin revision tuah a si tih fiangten a lang ti a si. B.H.Streeterin himi remtu (editor) hi Izip ram ih bishop Hesychius a si a ti.
3.Himi text phun lakih aiawhtubik/thupibik a si mi Codex Aleph (Sinaiticus) le Codex B (Vaticanus) cu dinhmun(quality) sia taktak an si. Dr. F.H.A Scrivener in a zohfel tikah Codex Aleph cu ngan hruak mi le atirih ngan mi (original) ih um mi catluan tla an um lo a ti. Codex B khal rintlak lo a si a ti.
4.Hi manuscripts-pawl an dik lo (corrupt) zia cu hmun thawng tampi ih an bangawklonak in a langter. Thuthang`ha pali (Four Gospels) lawng hmanah hmun 3000 lai an bangaw lo.
5.Aleph le text cu Grik manuscripts tamsawn thawn an dangaw lawlaw ti a si. Manuscripts malte lawng si loin Alexandria text phun le Byzantine text phun karlakah hmun 6000 lai danawknak/bangawklonak a um ti a si.
6.Himi cafang tum (uncial) ih ngan mi text hi  kum zabi 4 lai lole neta lam deuh ta ti a si nan a dinhmun a `ha tuk lai ti a si. Kum zabi 4 laiih an hman cekci mi manuscripts tamsawn cu an hman tuk ruangah an siatral ih, hipawl hi cu hnawn mi/ hman lo mi an si ih kawhhran hmaisapawl khal ih an hman lonak a si tin zum a si. Curuangah khai manuscripts-pawl hmuhsuah an si laiah an `ha tuktuk lai ti a si.
7.Cui manuscripts-pawl ihsin kawpi(copy) malte lawng tuah an si. Dr. Gordon Clark in, “Manuscripts pahnih lole kul in cithlahtu (ancestor) pakhat a neih asile, kawpitu(copy) kul lole pahnih in cuih cithlahtu hi atirih ngan mipawl (original autographs) ah a rinum tih an zum tinak a si. Asinan manuscript pakhat in tefa tampi (progeny) a neih lo le ngansawngtupawl(copy-tupawl) in an rinhlelh tinak a si. Hlanlai khristian pawl in Codex B khal hi a sia mi a si ti an thei a si ding,” tiah a ti (Malcolm H.Watts ih ‘The Lord Gave the Word’ le Samuel C. Gipp ih ‘The Answer Book).

MANUSCRIPT HLUN LOLE KHUAHLAN LAIIH NGAN MI GREEK MANUSCRIPTS-PAWL HI NETA LAM TA HNAKIN A ~HA IN A RINSAN TLAK SAWN MAW?
           Professor B. Warfield in, “Manuscript hi atirih ngan mi (autograph) ihsin ziang can a hla (distance) ti hi kum ziat ti men in a si lo, vawi ziangzat kawpi(copy) (number of copyings)  a si ti lam sawn a si,” tiah a ti.( Malcolm H.Watts, The Lord Gave the Word, p. 18). Khuahlan lai ta manuscript  lole manuscript hlunbik hi a `habik a si ti ruahnak (idea) hi khuitawk in a ra? Tidai luang mi tah`himnak a si ko lo maw?Manuscript hlun hi a `ha cuang, rin tlak a si cuang titupawlih an hman `heu mi tah`himnak pakhat cu tidai luang mi hi a si (flowing stream). Cuih ruahnak cun tidai putnak (stream’s source) hmun nai deuhdeuh le tidai a fai deuhdeuh ding ti hi a si. A `ha vek a bang nan hitin teh a si thei lo maw? Hitin zoh ah cu a dik ko, rinhlelh ding a um lo. Asinan tidai putnak ihsin a hlat lem lonak hmun in tidai siava ratnak um hnik sehla teh? Thil umdan cu a linglet verver ding. A bal mi tidai cu nisa le leilung in an tifai ding ih, a luang hla deuhdeuh le a fai deuhdeuh ding (tidai bal dang a rat lo le). Himi hi Thuthlung Thar rat vivo dan ih thilcang mi tla a si( William P.Grady, Final Authority, p.60-61). A suahnak naite A.D. 100 hrawng ihsin a bal mi tidai cu a fai mi tidai ah a rak um zo. Himi hi zovek khalih pawm mi a si. E.C. Colwell in, “Siardan mak taktak/dang lam zetzet hi A.D. 200 hlanah tuah a si zo,” tiah a ti. Scrinever khalin, “Thil cang thei lo vek tla a bang nan ,Thuthlung Thar diklonak(corrupt) hi ngan `heh ihsin kum 100 sungah diklonak (corrupt) bese bik a tawng, tiah a ti ve (David Otis Fuller, True or False, p. 284).
          Alexandrian manuscripts pawl hi a hlunbik an si ti hi `ansan le rel uarbik mi a si. Asinan text thu zingzawinak ah manuscript hi ziangtluk hlun mi a si ti lam hnakin atirih ngan mi ihsin copy zianghmuah a feh hla ti hi thupi ih ruah sawn a si. Kum zabi 10 laiih copy mi manuscripts a si tiih ti mi hi atirih ngan mi (original autograph) ihsin copy pangannak tla a si thei. Cuvek `hiam`hiam in  kum zabi 3 lai ih copy mi a si tiih ti mi manuscript  hi copy zakhatnak tla a si thei ve. Manuscripts-pawlih suahkehnak hi rel ding a har ruangah kum hi thupibik a si lo. Curuangah a diklo mi (corrupt) kum zabi 3 manuscript  lole rintlak mi kum zabi 10 manuscript neih thei a si.
          ~himnakah: A ra lai ding mi kum 3000 ah 1970 ta a si tiih ti mi Mirang Bible hmuhsuah a si. Himi hi Bible hlun bik umsun a si ih kum 3000 ih an hman mi Bible thawn hmun tampi danglamnak, bangawklonak a um. Scientific critic-pawl ih tidan (methodology) thawn hi cu cahmai design tuahdanquality a `ha, ngunngaih zetih layout tuah mi a si, cahnah hman mi le binding tla a `ha, hlanlai ih hivek Bible cu tiin an lawm, an suang zet ding. Himi hlanlai cabu parah `humawin tulai `awngin Bible lehlin an thawk hnuah khristianpawl in an hmuhsuak mi cu an `humawknak version cu Jehovah’s Witnesses pawl ihNew World Translation a rak si ta riai tikah critic-pawl rel mi hi cu umzia nei lo, zum tlak lo a si ding(G.W.Aderson, What today’s Christians needs to know about the Greek New Testament, p.3 (pdf file).
          Manuscript  hlun lole tuanlai ih ngan mi Grik manuscripts-pawl in Received Text/TR a lungkimpi/`anpi (support) lo ti hi mipi thinlung nehtu zet a si. Manuscript hlun lole tuanlai ih ngan mi Grik manuscripts-pawl hi neta lam ta hnakin a `ha ih rinsan a tlak sawn ti a si. Asinan Grik Bible Textzingzawinak ah cun himi hi a dik thluh thei lo. Critical Text tawlreltu pakhat a si mi Professor Kurt Alandkhalin, “Manuscript hlun bik (oldest manuscript) hi a `habik mi text si a `ul lo ti thudik hi simsal a `ul lo. ~himnak ah P47 hi Thuphuan cabu zate tluk um mi a hlunbik manuscript a si nan a `habik a si lo. Cunmanuscript hlun tamsawn hi Izip ram ihsin ra mi lawnglawng an si. Ziangahtile Medditerranean peng ih nikhua (climate) hnakin Izip ram ih nikhua hi hlanlai ca ngan mi text rei daihnak hrangah a `ha sawn. Curuangah Izip ihsi ra mi manuscript hi a hlun sawn ih, a `hasawn tinak a si kherkher lo. Kurt Aland in,P75 le Codex Vaticanus (B) Izip ram ih remsal (revision) tuah mi an si a ti. Manuscript rinsan tlaknak hi a dang hnakin a hlun, tuandeuh ih ngan mi a si ti men in textual critic-pawl hmanin an ti dah lo. Curuangah a hlunsawn, tuan deuh ih ngan mi ti lawng hi zoh ding a si lo, » tiah a ti(David Otis Fuller, Which Bible,p 26-30).
          Byzantine text phun hi neta lamih suah mi a si lo. Eward Hills cun Papyri hlun (A.D. 300 lole cumi hlan) pawl hi Byzantine phun (Byzantine reading) an si. Wilbur Pickering khalin a sim mi cu H.A.Strutz inpapyri-pawl a zohhliah tikah hmuh thar mipawl hi Byzantine text phun, siardan an si a ti. Curuangah zo hmanin Byzantine text phun hi neta lam piih ra mi a si tiah an ti thei lo.
          A.D. 200-300 ih kawhhran palepawlih cangan mipawlih um mi Bible cang le catluan (verses and passages) pawl Alexandrean manuscript (A.D. 300-400) pawl ah an um lo. Culawng hman si loin hih cangan mipawl hi A.D. 500 hnu lamih manuscripts- pawlah an um. Tah`himnak pakhat cu Mark 16:9-20 hi a si. Himi hi  kum zabi 2 ih Irenaeus le Hippolytus ih cangan mipawl le A.D. 500 hnu lamih Thuthang`ha Mark manuscripts-pawl ah a um. Received Text/TR dotupawlih an rinsan zet mi Sinaiticus le Vaticanus ah cun an um lo (G.W.Aderson, What today’s Christians needs to know about the Greek New Testament, p.9, pdf file).
          Thuthlung Thar ngan laiah tla Pathian thu siatsuah, thleng, mai duhduh ih rem le bet duhtu an um zo vekin ngan `heh hnu khalah an um vivo lai ti hi hngilh hlah uhsi. Thuthlung Thar in diklonak(corrupt) bese bik a tawnnak cu Thuthlung Thar ngan `heh ihsin kum 100 sungah a si ti hi simsalbet ka duh(Fuller, True or False, p. 88).

RECEIVED TEXT/TR HI RINSAN TLAK A SI MAW?
        Received text/TR hi rinsan tlak a si.
(1)Manuscripts-pawlih theihpinak: Grik manuscript um mipawl hi cang (verse) Pahnih thum ihsin Bible pumhlum tiang an si. A kum in cu A.D. 200 ihsin A.D. 1600 lai tiang ta an si. Canamnak (printing) a um hnu in manuscript can a cem ti sehla a sual lo ding(Grady, Final Authority, p.27).  Hih Grik manuscriptum mi hmuahhmuah ihsin 90% hnak tam in KJV lehlinnak ih hman mi TR Grik Bible thawn an milaw ti cu theih a si ih, textual critic-pawl hmanin an pawm mi thu a si. KJV cu rinsan tlak lo (inferior) manuscripts-pawl thlunih leh mi a si tiih rak pawmtu hrangah cun mangbangnak a si ko ding. Grik Bible manuscript um mi hmuahhmuah lakih a tamsawn cu textual critic-pawl in rinsan tlak lo an ti mi Grik manuscripts-pawl an si ih an milawk tuk ruangah anmah ten group pakhat ah an cang thei(Fuller, Which Bible, p.26). Modern textual critic-pawl in himi hi Bayanzite text phun a si an ti. Ziangahtile Byzantine can (A.D. 312-1453) ih hman mi Grik Thuthlung Thar text a si tin textual critic-pawl hmanin an pawm. Cumi hlan khalih hman mi an si. Reformation a um hlanah Grik kawhhranpawl ah hih Byzantine text hi hman a si. Reformation hnu kum 300 lai protestant kawhhranpawl ih hman mi a si(Fuller, Which Bible, 89).
          Codex Vaticanus (B) le Codex Sinaiticus (Aleph) `antu Dr.Hort hmanin neta lamih GrikManuscripts-pawl hi mineh zet thei A.D. 400 hrawng ih Antiochian lole Graeco-Syrian text thawn milaw a si ti hi thusuh ding a um lo tiah a ti. Westcott  le Hort cun KJV lehlinnak ih hman mi Grik text hi an rinsan zet mi Aleph le B thluk a si ti an el thei lo. Hitiih a si theinak cu kawhhran ih fialnak lawngin a si thei tin theory  pakhat an suah. An ti mi cu Lucian hmangin An`iok khuaah church council (A.D. 250-350) a rak um ih, Grik manuscript remnak a um (Lucian Recension). Cumi ihsin Syrian text phun hi a ra mi a si tiah an ti. Asinan kawhhran thuanthu ih theihpinak a um lo lawlaw mi phuahcawp thu a si (Grady, Final Authority, P 32).
          Bible zumtu Khristianpawl in san khat hnu san khat an run hman vivo mi le a um lai mi manuscripts-pawl thawi milaw mi hi a `habik le rinsan tlakbik manuscripts an si. Received Text/TR  hi manuscripttamsawn in an (lungkimpi)support mi a si. Himi hi a diklo asile ziangruangah Pathian in manuscripttamsawn hi TR thawi bangawkter le manuscripts malte lawngin tulai textual critic-pawlih rinsan le hman mi text thawi bangawk a siang si pei? Manuscripts malsawn in le tulai textual critic-pawlih sim mi/zumdan a thlun fawn si!! Hih manuscripts TR hi a diklo mi asile, cui manuscripts-pawl cu Pathian in mipiangthar khristianpawl hmangter loin, zumtu dik tiduhdahtupawl hnenah a dik mi manuscript a pe ding maw? Hihi Pathian-ih mizia thawn a milaw mi a si ding maw? Kawhhran dik tiduhdahtu in manuscript dik a si mipawl an neih asile ziangruangah kum reipi lehlin ding an sen lo lawng si loin, mipi hnen ihsin an thupbet? Traditional manuscripts-pawl hi an diklo asile ziangruangah Pathian in thlawsuah a pe ih, himi hmangih lehlin mi Bible-pawl kawhhran thuanthu ah a thlawsuah si pei? (Thomas Holland, Manuscript Evidence, p. 25-26). 

(2)Hlanlai Bible-pawl ih theihpinak (ancient versions):         
     TR/KJV thu relnak ah khuahlan laiih  leh mi Bible thu hi tanta men a theih lo. Khristianpawlih hman mi le kilhim mipawl an si. TR/KJV sungih um mi a hlunbik manuscript (A.D. 400 ta a si mi Codex Sinaiticus le Codex Vaticanus) sungah a um lo an ti mipawl hi A.D. 200 laiih hman mi Syrian le Latin Bible sungah hmuh cingcing an si. A sau tuk ding ruangah tampi kan rel lo ding.
          Syrian mipawl hrangah version 4 a um. Cupawl cu Peshitta (A.D. 145), Old Syriac (A.D. 400),Palestinian Syriac (A.D. 450) le Philoxenian (A.D. 508) tla an si. Netabik ta hi A.D. 616 ah Thomas of Harkel in a remsal (revised) ih Harclean Syriac tin tla an ko. Hmaisa lamih leh mi a si lawng si loin, KJV hman mi Grik text thawi a milawk ruangah Peshitta hi hmanbik mi le mi kipih cohlanbik mi a si. Curuangah “Queen of the Versions” tiin tla an ko. Aleph le B hnakin a hlun sawn ruangah critic-pawl in A.D. 415 hrawng ta a si an ti.
          Uzup `awng ih hmaisabik leh mi Bible cu Gothic version a si. A.D. 330 ah missionary Ulfilas  in a timlam. Hi tla hi Aleph le B hnakih hlun sawn le TR thawi milaw an si. Sinaiticus le Vaticanus ra suah hlanpi ah Ulfilas cun TR/KJV ih um mi vek a rak hmu zo tinak a si. Ulfilas  in Gothic lehnak ih a hman mitext rinsan a tlak sawnnak pakhat te tarlang duh mi cu Mathai 6:13-nakih Bawipai thlacam khi a si. Kan theih cio mi ‘…ziangahtile uknak le huham le ropitnak cu a kumkhuain nangmai ta a si. Amen,’ ti hi critic-pawl ih a hlunbik tiih an zum mi manuscript ah a um lo. Asinan Gothic Bible ah cun a rak um.Gothic version hi kut ngan cazual/manuscript in pa 8 a um lai. Armenian Bible hi A.D. 400 hrawngahMesrob ih timlam mi a si. Atu ah copy 1244 a um lai. KJV thawn milaw mi a si ve.
          La`in `awng ih leh mi Bible cu “Old La`in” an tiih A.D. 157 hlan ih timlam mi a si. Himimanuscripts hi 50 tluk a um lai. Himi Itala Bible in rinsantlak tetti a pek mi cu TR thawi milaw zet an sinak hi a si. Lucian Recension ti mi a rak um hlanpi ta a si. Himi ruangah A.D. 382 ah Old La`in Bible cu rem dingin Jerome kha fial a si hi mangbang ding a um lo. Cumi cu Latin ‘Vulgate’ tiih theih mi a si ih, Roman Catholic pawl ih hman mi a si. Asinan Latin `awng hmang zumtupawl in a dik mi La`in Bible cu san khat hnu san khat an run hmang vivo/ kilkhawi vivo. Albegensen le Waldensian zumtupawlih hman mi Bible khal a si ih, thisen liam tiangih an kilhim vivo mi a si(Final Authority, p.33-36). A ngaingai ah cunJerome (A.D. 340-420) hlanah Old La`in Bible hi ‘La`in Vulgate’ tiih kawh a si zo. Catholic kawhhran inJerome  ih leh mi an Bible thar mipi ih cohlan ding an duh ruangah “La`in Vulgate” tin an ti ve. Cu mi hnu cun La`in Vulgate an ti asile a hlun si loin Jerome ih timlam mi an rel duhnak a si thlang. Jerome ih rem mi Bible le Westcott le Hort  in 1881 ih an rem mi Bible hi a bangaw ti hi thuanthu in tetti a pe. Grik le La`in thiam zet Dr. Nolan in kum 28 sung rori Received Text/TR hi apostolpawl san ta a si ti thuhla a zingzawi. Italic kawhranpawl ihsi rung um vivo Waldenses-pawlih Bible a zingzawi tikah Jerome ih rem mi La`in Vulgate hlan ta a si tiah a ti. Cuti a si ruangah KJV `humawknak TR text hi kum zabi  2 laiih leh mi Bible thawn a milaw a si tinak a si. Sinaiticus le Vaticanus hi himi can ah an ra suak hrih lo ti hngilh lo hi a thupi zet (Jasper James Ray, God wrote only one Bible, p.91-92).

(3) Kawhhran palepawlih theihpinak (Church fathers)):          
A.D.400 hlan ah Byzantine text phun a um lo an ti nan kawhhran palepawlih cangan mipawl in a um ti a nemnget. Hipawl hi Thuthlung Thar ngan `heh hnuih khristiannak karh vivo tertupawl an si. Sual nei lo le famkim an si tinak si loin, TR text nemhngettupawl an si. A.D. 200-300 ih kawhhran palepawl cangan mipawlih Bible cang tampi le catluan tampi cu Critical Text `humawknak Alexandrian manuscripts-pawl an um lo. Tah`himnak pakhat cu Mark 16:9-20 hi a si. Himi hi kum zabi 2 ih kawhhran pa Irenaeus le Hipolytus in an lasawng. Culawng si loin Mark Thuthang`ha hi A.D. 500 ih manuscripts-pawl ah a um thluh nan Vaticanus le Sinaiticus ah cun a um lo (Jeffrey Khoo, Kept Pure In All Ages, p.56). Kawhhran palepawlih hmin hrekkhat cu Justin Martyr (A.D.100-165), Irenaeus (A.D.130-200), Clement of Alexandria (A.D.150-254), Tertulian (A.D.160-220), Hippolytus (A.D.170-236) an si ih Byzantine texthi atu le atu laksawngnak (quote) an nei. Origen (A.D.185-254) hmanin himi text hi a cangan mi ah a hmang leuhleuh ti a si (The Lord Gave the Word, p.20). An cangan mipawl ah Cathianghlim vawi 30147 laksawngnak a um. An laksawngnakpawl hi zohliah tikah TR  thawi milaw mi a tamsawn ti a si. Hi kawhhran palepawl hi Sinaiticus le Vaticanus um hlan lole Lucian Recension um hlan A.D 20 -150karlakih thi thluh an si. KJV ih um mipawl nemhngettu an si(Final Authority, p.36). Byzantine text phun hi A.D. 400 hlanah a um lo an ti nan kawhhran palepawlih cangan mipawl lak ihsin 87000 pawl sungin Dean John Burgon in a tamsawn cu Byzantine text phun lam an si tiah a ti(The Doctrinal Chaos of The Translation, p. 67).

(4) Lectionaries- pawlih theihpinak: Manuscript 5000 hnak tam lai um mi ah 2000 hnakih tam cuLectionaries  ti mipawl an si. Hi manuscripts-pawl hi an thupi zet, ziangahtile hlanlai ta an si lawng si loin, Bible zumtu Khristianpawlih biakkawmnak mipi lakih an hman mi an si. Nitin siar ding mi lawng si loin, zumtupawl biakkhawm can ih mipi siar ding Cathianghlim hrekkhat (portion of Scriptures) tla a tel ruangah kawhhran hmaisapawl hrangah bawmtu `ha pakhat a si. Nitin siar ding mi cu Synaxarion tiin le ni sunglawi (easter, christmas) ti vekih siar mi cu Menologion  tin an ko. Himi lectionary-pawl ngansawngnak ah (copy) hi an ngansawngnak ta vek cekci si dingin ralring zetih tuah mi a si. Curuangah hiLectionary-pawlih tetti hi kawhhran dikpawlih tetti tinak a si. Zohfel `heh mi Lectionary-pawl hi mangbangza zetin milaw, bangaw in hmuhsuah an si. Simfiangnak umsun cu cohlan mi Lectionary text an si tinak a si. Zohhliah zo mipawl ah TR thawi milaw an si (Malcolm H.Watts, The Lord Gave the Word,p.18)

CRITICAL TEXT/ WERSTCOTT - HORT
          Hi text  hi Westcott-Hort Text, Neutral Text tiin le Electic Text  ti in tla an ko. Himi text aiawhtu textcu Kurt AlandMatthew Black, Carlo M. Martini, Bruce Metzger le Allen Wikgren ih rem mi United Bible Socities’s Greek New Testament (UBSGNT) le Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece (NANTG) hi an si (Jeffrey Khoo, Kept Pure In All Ages, p.50).
          Hi text `antupawl cun text  pakhat lawng a si an ti. Nestle Grik Text  hi vawi 27 le UBS Grik text  hivawi 5 (3rd edtion rem mi telin) lai rem mi an si. Himi ah kum zabi 19 ih TischendortWestcott - Hort ihtext-pawl tel loin a si. Hi text-pawl khal hi manuscript malte lawng hmang ih tuah mi an si. A um mimanuscripts tamsawn thawi bangaw lo mi, manuscripts um mipawl thawi bangaw lo mipawl lawng hmang ih tuah mi an si. Curuangah Received Text/TR ah khui mi edition hril khal le hlanlai le tutiang Grikmanuscripts um mi tamsawn thawi bangaw mi Thuthlung Thar a si thotho. Critical Text cu kha vek a si ve lo(D.E. Anderson, The Validity of the Received Text, p.1). Critical Text cu Traditional Text thawn hmun 5000 lai ah danglamnak/bangawklonak a um. Tulai version-pawlih hman mi Grik text ih hngahawknak bikWestcott - Hort ih suah mi Grik text in hmun 5604 ah Textus Receptus/TR a hnawng. Himi hmun 5604 ah hin Grik `awngfang bet mi, hlawn mi, thleng mi tivek in 9970 lai a um. Cucu Grik Thuthlung Thar text cahmai khat ah `awngfang15.4 lole a zaten cahmai 45.9 tinak a si. ~awngfang 140521 a um mi Textus Receptus/TR Grik Thuthlung Thar ih 7% a si(D.A.Waite, The Four-Fold Superiority of the King James Version, p.10, (pdf file).
          G.W. Anderson in Critical Text thu cu a hnuai lam vekin a rel. San thar Thuthlung Thar lehnak ih hman mi Grik Thuthlung Thar dang hi kum zabi 19 le 20 ih ra suak mi an si. Hi Critical Text  tiih kawh mi hi Traditional Text/TR thawn danawknak tampi a um. Received Text le cumi sirhsanih lehlin mi Bible-pawl ih um `awngfang tampi, cang tampi le catluan tampi hrelh a si. San thar Bible tampi hi kum zabi 4 ta Grik manuscript malte ihsi ra suak mi Grik Thuthlung Thar parah an `humaw. San thar scholar-pawl inByzantine text phun hnakih `hasawn tiih an ti mi pahnih cu Sinaiticus le Vaticanus manuscript (kum zabi 4 ta ih ruah mi) an si. Hipawl hi Alexandrian text phun tiih kawh an si (ziangahtile Izip ram ta an si). Hivek text phun hi Westcott leHort cun ‘Neutral Text’ an ti. Hi manuscript pahnih hi kum zabi 19 ihsi hman mi Critical Text tiih kawh mi Grik Thuthlung Thar ih hrampi a si. Hi text hi tuah`hat le rem`hat rero a si ih ‘electic text’ (a sullam cu manuscript dangdang zohkhawm vivo tinak a si) tin tla an ti. Asinan himimanuscript pahnih hi a hrampibik a si lai thotho(G.W. Anderson, What today’s Christian needs to know about The Greek New Testament, p. 2).
Kum zabi 18 le 19 ah Protestant scholar-pawl lakah rationalistic philosophy a `hanglian ih Bible tla cabu dang vekin milai ruahnak thawn hmang in zingzawinak a ra um. Hi critical philosophy hi Europe ram ah, ahleicein Germany ah a tam cuang ih, Bible donak (attack) a um (Bible ih um mi thuanthupawl, ngantupawl, text tivek rinhlelhnak le thilmakpawl thusuhnak a um). Himi hin Received Text dokalhtuCritical Text  ra suahnak in a karhzaiter sinsin.
A.D.1869-1872 kum ah Tischendorf’-ih vawi 8-nak Grik Text suah a si. Himi ah hmuhsuah thar mi Codex Sinaiticus (Aleph) hmangin Textus Receptus/TR ta thawn 3400 lai danglamnak a um. Hi khal hi Critical Text suahnak ih an hman mi a si ve.

(1) Codex Sinaiticus (Aleph)
          Codex Sinaiticus  hi cabu vekin saphaw (vellum) thawi tuah mi a si. Cahnah 147 le a hrek a um. Cahnah cu letmah 15 sau le 13 le hrek kau a si ih cahmai pakhat ah colum pa 4 le catluan 48 a um (Samuel C. Gipp, An understandable History of the Bible, p.67).
Codex Sinaiticus hi A.D.1844 May thla ah German Scholar Constantine von Tischendorf (A.D.1815-1875) in Sinai Tlang ih St. Catherine monastery ah hlanlai manuscripts-pawl a hawlnak ih a hmuh mi a si. Cui phungki tlawng laifang ah siar loih retkhawm (discarded parchment) mi cazualpawl Tischendorf  in a hmu. Phungki tlawng kiltupa in phungki tlawng ih meisa vannak ih ur mi a si a ti. Tischendorf  in `haten a zohliah tikah Grik `awng ih ngan mi Thuthlung Hlun cahnah 129 a si (hrekkhat in Septuagint a si an ti). A lungawi tuk ti pungki pa in a hmuh tikah cahnah 43 lawng lak a siang (ISansiarnak sungta hrekkhat, Jeremiah, Nehemiah le Esther). Germany ram, Leipzig ih Universtiy Library ih a ret hnuah Codex Frederico-Augustanus tiin suah a si. Kum 1853 ah Tischendorf cu St. Catherines phungki tlawng ah a tang lai mi cahnahpawl la dingin a fehsal nan a hlawhtling lo. Kum thum a rei hnu (A.D.1859) ah Russian Czar, Alexander II  thuneihnak thawn a tanglai mi manuscripts zaten a ngah thluhsal.
          Hmuhnak hmun suangin Codex Sinaiticus tin hmin sak a si ih, St. Petersburg ih Imperial Library ah ret a si. A.D.1933 ah British acozah in pound £100000.00 (Khai laiah US dollar $500000.00 hrawng) inSoviet cozah hnenin a lei ih, British Museum ih Manuscript department ah an ret. Neta lamah Scribes and Correctors of Codex Sinaiticus (Lodon,1938) ti hmin in ca an suah(Final Authority, p.99-100).
          Codex Sinaiticus (Aleph ti khalin an ko) ah Grik `awng ih ngan mi Thuthlung Hlun le Thuthlung Thar, cun ‘The Shepherd of Hermans’ le ‘The Letter of Barnabas’ tla a tel.  Thuthlung Hlun le Thuthlung thar a um ruangah Thuthlung Thar lawng kan zoh lo ding. Thuthlung Hlun ih Esther cabu cemnak ah a ngantuih simfiangnak a um. Cumi ah Codex a ra suahdan cipciar le felfai zetin a lang. Thuthup a si lo ih mahte phuanglangaw mi a si. A lang mi cu Codex hi Caesarea ih Bishop Pamphilus (A.D. 240-309) thu hnuaih timlam mi manuscript hlunpawl lakhawm in zoh`him mi a si. Cumi cu Origen-ih ‘Hexapla’ hmangin rem`hat (correct) mi a si ih cumi ‘Hexapla’ cu Origen-ih rem`hat mi a si. Sinaiticus hi ‘Origenicmanuscript a si ih Origen-ih Septuagint – Hexapla version a si. Origen-ih tlawngta Pamphilus hrangahcopy mi a si ih Sinaiticus suah dingin kawpi(copy) sawngsin mi a si. Curuangah Alexandria ih Origen hiCodex Sinaiticus ngantu (author) a si ti fiangten a lang(Stephen P.Westcott, Codex Sinaiticus, p.1-2).
          Grik scholar Dr. Scrivener in, “A Full Collation of the Codex Sinaiticus” ti mi cabu ah himanuscript hi thleng le rem a si thu a rel. Thlengnak tampi a um ih, a malbik mi pahra talih rem mi a si. Cumi cu cahmai kip tlukin a lang ih, remtupawl hi a hmaisabik ngantu san ih um ve an si. Asinan a hrek khat cu kum zabi 6 asilole 7 san mi an si tiah a ti(True or False, p.74-75). Dean John Burgon in hiSinaiticus (Aleph) hi manuscript  um mi lakih a pahnihnak rinsan tlak lo bik a si tiah a ti ve (David H. Sorenson, Touch Not The Unclean Thing, p.102).

(2) Codex Vaticanus (B)
          Codex Vaticanus khal himi cabu vek a si ih, saphaw (vellum) thawn tuah mi a si. Cahmai 759 a um ih letma 10 kau le 10 le a hrek kau an si. Cahmai pakhat ah column pa 3 le catluan 41 a um. Himi codex ah khristian thurin(doctrine) ih thupi zetzet mi thu an um lo. Sem.1:1 in 46:28; Sam 106-138; Mat.16:2,3; Rom 16:24; Paul-ih pastor cakuatpawl; Thuphuan le Hebru 9:14 hnu lam hmuahhmuah a um lo (An Understandable History of the Bible, p.68). Vatican Library ih hmuh mi a si ruangah Codex Sinaiticus tiih kawh a si. Pope Nicolas in A.D.1448 ah hi Library hi a din ih, A.D. 1475 ah Library cabu cazin ah Codex Vaticanus a tel zo ti a si. A.D. 1845 ah Mirang scholar Smuel Prideauz Tregelles (A.D.1813-175) ah kilhbet mi codex zohngah ding beisei in Rom a tlawng. Codex Sinaiticus  a hmungah nan zohhliah an siang lo. Rei deuh ka zoh le a kiltu pahnih in in laksak cingcing tiah a ti. A.D. 1866 ah Tischendorf cu nazi 42 sung zoh sian a si ih, cumi hnuah Codex B-03 tiin A.D.1867 ah a suah. A.D. 1889-1890 ah hi codex zaten mipi lakah photographic tuah in thehdarh a si (Final Authority, p.100-105). Himi codex ah Apocrypha an tel nan Meccabees I, II le prayer of Manasses a tel lo. Cafang le catluan tivek vawi hnih lai ngan nawn mi a si. Manuscript dang tamsawn pawl ihsin an danglam tuk ruangah himi siar thiamtu Erasmus cun hmang duh loin a hnawng.

(3) Codex Alexandrinus (A)
          ~hateih kilkhawi mi kum zabi 5 manuscript  hi Thuthlung Thar text hrangah Codex Sinaiticus leVaticanus sangtu a pahnihnak a si. Mihrekkhat in kum zabi 4 cemlam ta an ti ko nan, Izip ram Alexandriaih kum zabi 5 cangantupawl (scribes) tuah mi a si ding tiih zum  a si. Himi ah cahnah 773 a um ihMaccabees cabu pa 4, Baruch, letter of Jeremiah, Tobit, Judith, I  le II EsdrasSong of Songs, Wisdom, Sirach, I le II Clement, Sam 151 le Solomon -ih Sampawl tla an a tel. Codex Alexandrius hi fumfe zetih ngan mi a si lo tiah F.H.A Scrivener tla cun a ti(Final Authority, p.83-84).

Codex Sinaiticus (Aleph) le Codex Vaticanus (B)
          Aleph le B hi Thuthang`ha pa 4 lawng hmanah 3000 hnak tam bangawklonak a um. Herman C. Hoskier in, “Codex B and Its Allies” cabu sungah, Mathai-656+, Mark-567+, Luke-791, John -1022+ a si ih a zaten 3036 tin a ngan. Thuthang`ha pa 4 ah Traditional text thawn `him tikah Codex B ah 2877 hnakih tam `awngfang lakhloh a si. Codex Alelp ah cun 3455 lai a si (Final Authority, p.98-99). Codex Vaticanusah Received Text thawi danglamnak tampi a um. Cupawl cu `awngfang 2877 a um lo, `awngfang 536 bet a si, `awngfang 935 thleng (substitutes) a si, `awngfang 2098 umnak thleng (transpose) a si, 1132 lai rem (modifies) a si. A danglamnak 7578 a um. Codex Sinaiticus cu hi hnakin a bese lai. A par lamih rel mi vek pawl ah danglamnak 9000 hnak tam a um. Burgon tla cun, “Awlawksawngnak um loin kan rem asileCodex Beza (D) tel in hi kum zabi 4 manuscript Aleph le B pawl hi manuscript um mipawl ah a diklo(corrupt) bik an si,” tiah a ti (True or False, p. 78).
          Dean Burgon cun Aleph le B hi rinsan tlak lo a si a ti. Aleph le B hi a hlun tuk nan an dinhmun(quality) a `hat tuk lainak hi an `hatnak/tlinnak si loin an siatnak/tlinlonak langtertu sawn a si. Rinsan tlak mi rak si hai sehla siat thluh ko siar le hman an si ding. Rinsan tlak le `ha si hai sehla, Vatican Library le meisa ih ur dingah hnawm hlawnnak bawm sungih ret men ding an si lo ding. Aleph le B an hlun tuk, tuanlai ih ngan mi an sinak hi anmah bawmtu si loin dotu lala an si sawn a si. Kawhhran hmaisapawl in an hnawng ih an siar lo. Culo a si le siar le hman tuknak ah an `et ding ih an um nawn lo ding tiah a ti. Burgon ih eldan hi an duh lo nan el theih le a si fawn ta lo.
          Aleph and B, le D sungih a sual  a umnak san cu kum A.D. 200-300 ih zirhsualnak kengtu (heretics) pawl ruangah le zirsang Khristianpawl in, “Mai `ha tidan ih thleng” (conjectural emendation) hmannak in Thuthlung Thar remnak ruangah a si. Alexandria ih Khristianpawl hi zirhsualnak ih ciahneh mi an si cuang ti cu theih cio a si. Basilides, Valentinus le anmah dung thluntupawl…tvk. A larbik cu Origen a si. Origencun a rak cohlan mi Grik Bible cu duhtawk loin amai duhdan in a thleng thluh. Amah vek mi dang luarkai sawn tla an um ih Grik Thuthlung Thar text cu a diklo ko an tuah(corrupt ter) ih, cutin Aleph le B, anmah thawi milaw a dang a rak umnak a si,” tiah an ti( Which Bible, p.93-95).
          A.D. 313 ah Constantine cu Rom Emperor a hung si ih, khristiannak le Rom Empire biaknakpawl kawmawtertu a si. Origen hnuah Bible diklo ko tuahter (corrupt ternak) hi amai san ah a si. Nainganzi(politic) ruangah khristian rinnak a pawm ih, a mipi hrangah Bible tuah a duh. CuruangahOrigen-ih dungthluntu Caesarea ih Eusebius (A.D.260-340) cu fial a si. Eusebius hi Origen –ih Bible a si mi ‘Hexapla’ ih column pangannak remtu a si ve. Emperor Constantine in cumi cu copy sawmnga (50) timlam a fial. Emperor Constantine in hi mipawl hmang dingin kawhhranpawl thu a pek. Origen-ih ‘Hexapla’ hmangin Bible a tuah (Jeff Johnson, The KJV vs Modern Bibles, p.38). Aleph le B khal hi A.D. 331 ih Eusebius in Constantine hrangih a tuah mi sungta a tang lai mi an si titu tla an um. Jerome-ih La`in Vulgate, Vaticanus, Sinaiticus, Hexapla, Jerome, Eusebius le Origen tivek pawl hi `hen theih lo an si. Thil pakhat a si miih bangaw mi thilpawl hi pakhat le pakhat an bangaw (things equal to the same thing are equal to each other)(God Wrote Only One Bible, p. 16).
          Codex Sinaiticus le Codex Vaticanus siar lo, uncial  le cursive codex um lai mipawl ah Mark Thuthang`ha netabik cang 12 hrelhtu an um lo (himi thu ah a dang uncials 18 le cursives 600 lai tla zoh a si). Himi cang 12 um lonak in Codex Sinaiticus le Codex Vaticanus parih kan `humawknak a siatsuah sinsin(True or False,p.95). Curuangah tuan bik le rinsan tlak bik tiih an ti mi Codex Sinaticus (Aleph) leVaticanus (B) hi rinsan thlak lo lawlaw an si.

ALEXANDER MANUSCRIPT SUAHKEHNAK
          San thar version thar pawlih an `humawknak Critical Text hi kum zabi 4 ta a si mi Sinaiticus (Aleph)le Vaticanus a si. Izip ram Alexandria ta a si ti cu zokhal ih cohlan mi a si. Alexandria  khawpi hi B.C. 331 ah Alexander the Great  in Izip a tlawn laiih a din mi a si. Izip ram ah a si ko nan Grik calai le nunphung umnak khawpi a si. Plato hi Alexandria ah profet pakhat tlukih ruah a si ih, amah ruangahGnosticism zirhsualnak a ra suahphah. “Catechical School of Alexandria” ti mi tlawng ropi zet a um. A dintu cu Pantaenus a si ih neta lamah Clement in Sayakyi a `uansal. Alexandria hi Khristian zirhsualnak mak taktak thawkkehnak khal a si.

Origen
Doctrine lamih Bible text  diklo ko (corrupt) tuahtu siih theih larbik cu Origen tiih theihbik mi paAdamantius Origenes (A.D.185-254) hi a si. Izip ram Alexandria ih ‘Catechetical Tlawng’ ah kum 18 a si ah Sayakyi a `uan. Clement-ih tlawngta a si. Neta lamah Origen in Caesarea ah tlawng a din ih cutawkah amah khal a um cih. Kawhhran Pa pakhat tiih theih a si ko nan, amah duh le `antupawl khalin rinnak ah cun a felfai lo a si ti an pawm.
1. Plato-ih philosophy ih ciahneh mi le pawmtu a si.
2.Bible a hmuhdan cu, “Cathianghlim sungah a diklo mi tampi a um,  
    a cang thei lo mi le sullam nei lo tla tampi a um,” ti hi a si.
3.Thuthlung Hlun cu thilthup, theih har in a hrilhfiah. Thuthlung Thar  
    thawn a diklo zawngin (allegorize) a hrilhfiah `heu. A ti mi cu, “An
     ngandan vekih theithiamtu hrangah cun Cathianghlim hi malte
     lawng hman tlak a si,” a ti.
4.Semtirnak ih Adam le Eve sersiam ti a el.
5.Minung thlarau hi kumkhua in a um cia ti a zum.
6.Mi pakhat thlarau hi a thliti mi parah `humawin a thih hnuah a  
    thlengaw ih nunnak sang le niam ah a ceng tih a zum.
7.Misualpawl khal vancungmi in an zirhfiang hnuah le hrem hnuah
    rundam an si ding ti universal rundamnak a zum.
8.Taksa ih thawhsalnak a el.
9.Planets le arsi pawl khal in thlarau an nei ti a zum.
10.Setan, khawsiapawlpawl tla rundam an si ti a zum.
11.Pastor hi puithiam tiih titu hmaisabik le bishop-pawl khal sual  
      ngaidamnak ah an tel ve titu a si.
12.Baptisma co lo cu rundam an si lo tin a zirh.
13.Khrih cu kum 1000 uknak `heh ah a ra ding ti a pawm. Hlanlai
      kawhhran papawl cu kum 1000 uknak hlanah Khrih ratsalnak
      pawmtu an si thluh deuh.

Mi thinlung a nehnak bik cu a cangan mipawl hi a si. A nun sungah cabu 6000 lai a ngan. Bible sungih cabu tampi hrihfiahnak (commentary) a ngan. “De Principiss” ti mi a cabu hi ‘systematic theology’ cabu ti sehla a sual lo ding. A cabupawl lakih a thupibik cu column pa 6 um mi “Hexapla” Bible hi a si.Purgatory a um ti zirhtu hmaisabik khal a si. Arianism (Jesu Pathian sinak eltu) zirhsualnakih pa ti khalin kawh a si(Jack Mormoon, Forever Settled, p. 112).
Textual critic pawl in, “Conjectural amendation,” an ti mi, a sullam cu “a si ding ti na ruatnak parah textthleng aw” ti mi hmangin Thuthlung Thar hi atu le atu a rem leuhleuh. A theology cu zirsualnak (heritical) tin Alexandria ih Kawhhran Council A.D. 400 ah a an nemhnget. A ‘Hexapla’ hrangah a duhduh in Cathianghlim a thleng ruangah Dean Burgon tla cun ‘Origen ih tisual mipawl hi rel ding tla a si lo’ ti tiangin a ti.
  
WESTCOTT  LE  HORT (Critical Text ih papawl)
Cambridge University ih scholar a si mi Brook Foss Westcott (A.D. 1825-1903) le Fenton John Anthony Hort (A.D. 1828-1892) in Thuthlung Thar text rung feh vivo dan thu ah theory thar an suah. Hmuhsuah thar mi Alexandria text phun Codex Sinaiticus (Aleph) le Codex Vaticanus (B) hi a dang Grikmanuscripts-pawl hnakin a hlun mi an si ruangah a `habik, rinsan a tlakbik mi a si an ti. Cumi parah `humaw in critical Grik Thuthlung Thar an suah. Tulai textual critic-pawlih an `humawknak le an thlun bik mi cu anmah pahnih tuah mi Grik text hi a si. Byzantine text cu Syria ram An`iok ih mi zirlopawl in kum zabi 4 hrawngih an lakkhawm mi men a si an ti. Aleph le B ra suahnak cu a dik mi text ihsi rem mi a si (recension). An`iok ih Lucian (A.D. 312 ih martar ih thi) tla a tel ding an ti. Anmah pahnih hi san thartextual criticism pa tiih kawh an si.
Westcott  le Hort  ih saya pakhat a si mi cu German Higher Rationalism (Liberalsim) ih pa Johnann Salomo Semler (A.D.1725-91) a si. Modernism-ih pa pakhat a si mi Jakob Griesbach (A.D.1745-1812) cu Selmer zirhnak ih ciahneh mi a si. Selmer cun Bible hi minung tuahcawp mi cabu tin a zum. Westcott  leHort in Bible hi Pathian thawtkhum a si thu, Bible sualpalh thei lo (innerancey) a si thu an el. Pathian sersiamnak an hnawng ih, Darwin-ih evolution theory an pawm. Semtirnak 1-3 hi Bible sungih um ding a si lo an ti. Thuphuan tla suangtuahnak vekin an zirh. Jesu Pathian a sinak tla an el, falahim ih hrin le a vawi hnih ratsalnak tla an zum lo. Bible sualpalh thei lo tiih dinpitu le thusimtu Charles Spurgeon tla an do ringring. Vanram a um tla an zum lo. “The Ghostly Guild” ti mi dintu tla an si. Khawsiapawl thawn pawlkawmawknak nei duhtu an si.
Hort cu Roman Catholic pawlih ‘purgatory’ tla a zum. Jesu in minung hrangih a thihnak ih sualthawinak tla a zum lo. Roman Catholic pawlih baptisma ihsin rundamnak (baptismal regeneration) tla a pawm.Westcott cun Mawsi, David tipawl tla a ngaingai ih um ti a zum lo. Vanram ti tla hi a um rori ti an zum lo.Westcott in minung tla Pathian si thei in a zirh. Pathian hi mi hmuahhmuah ih Pa a si ti tla a zum. Jesui thilmak tuah mipawl tla a zum lo.
Westcott le Hort in Vaticanus le Sinaticus  manuscripts hmangin Grik text an ngan. Cui manuscripts pahnih te cu pakhat le pakhat 17000 lai an bangaw lo. Thuthang`ha pali lawng hmanah 3000 lai bangaw lo mi an si. A.D.1880 ah  Convocation of Canterbury ih English Bible rem (revise) dingih fial mi (appoint) kawmi`i member ah Westcott le Hort tla an tel ve. Westcott le Hort in an Grik text tuah mi cu nam cia in mipi hnenih thlen cu a si rih lo nan Mirang Bible remtupawl (revise) zaten an Grik text thar cu copy an pe thluh. A.D.1881 ih Thuthlung Thar Revised Version a suah tikah, Westcott le Hort ih Grik Text thar in Revised Version tuahnak ih kawmi`i (committe) member-pawl a ciahneh nasa ti hi a langfiang cih. Culawng si loin Thuthlung Thar Revised Version ah Westcott le Hort ih Grik Text hi thlun deuh a si ti tla hi a fiang ih el theih lo a si. Curuangah Resived Version ah KJV thawn bangawklonak tampi a umnak (Malcolm H.Watts: The Lord Gave the Word, p.24-25, David Cloud, For Love of The Bible, p.32 David H.Sorenson – Thouch Not the Unclean Thing. P.107-114).
 RECEIVED TEXT/TR 
Khirh thawhsal hnu kum zabi 1 sungah Pathian in Cathianghlim cu a mithianghlimpawl a nganter (2Pet. 1:21). Cumipawl cu mipi ih hman mi Grik ṭawng (Koine Greek-common Greek) ih ngan mi cakuat le cabu pawl an si ih atirih ngan mi Pathian Cathianghlim an si (original autographs). Hi mipawl hi an ngansawng(kawpi/copy ) vivo, copy mi cu copy an tuahsawng vivo ih an zemdarh. Cui copy sawnsin mipawl hi Thuthlung Thar manuscripts- pawl ti mi an si. Tui ni ah hivek Grik manuscripts hi 5000 hnak tam a um. Grik manuscripts tamsawn cu Byzantine text phun (Byzantine textual tradition) an si. Byzantinetinak cu cui san laiih Grik `awng hmangtupawl hnen ihsin a rat ruangah a si. Himi Byzantine manuscripts-pawl hi Thuthlung Thar Bible `humawknak an si. Syrian lole Antiochian text ti tla ih kawh an si. Canamnak (printing) suah hnuih himi Byzantine text phun aiawhtu (representation) cu Textus Receptus/TR hi a si. Textus Receptus/TR ti cu Latin `awng a si ih cohlan mi ‘Received Text’ tinak a si.
          Textus Receptus/TR hi A.D. 1500 hrawngin remtu (editor) dangdang in Byzantine manuscripts-pawl an lakkhawm mi a si. Himi hi Erasmus, Stephens, Beza, Elzevirs, Mills le Scrivener tipawl in an rem. Hih rem mipawl (editions) hi khat le khat maltete danawknak cu an nei nan text pakhatih pawm an si. Himi hiTydale, KJV lettu le Reformation laiih Bible lehlinnak ih hman mi a si.(What today Christians needs to know about the Grik New Testament, p. 1-2). Atu ih a um mi manuscripts-pawlih %90 hi TR ratnak Byzantine Text an si ti cu thei cio le el theih lo a si. Manuscripts 90% ihsin a tangsun 10% hi le pakhat le pakhat bangaw lo le kalhaw an si fawn. Critic-pawl in le Byazanṭine manuscripts hi a ṭha lo, rinsan a tlak lo an ti fawn. Critic-pawl in Byzantine text thu an simdan vek si bang sehla, 90% cu a diklo (corrupt) ih a tanglai mi 10% hi ziangtiih hman ding ti theifiangtu zo khal an um lo ti a si (True or false, p. 280). Textus Receptus/TR le tulai critical text ah 8000 lenglo lai danawknak/bangawklonak a um. Textus Receptus/TR ih um mi `awngfang 2800 lai Critical text ah cun a um lo. Himi hi 1 le 2 Peter thluk a si(David Cloud, Myths about the Modern Bible Versions, p.35, Touch not the Unclean Thing,p.8)
          Textus Receptus/TR hi Majority Text ti khalih kawh a si. 1985 kum ah Zane Hodges le Arthr Farstad in Majority Text tiin Grik Bible an suah ve. Cun 1991 kum ah Maurice Robinson le William Pierpont in Majority Text tin Grik Bible an suah ve lala (David H.Sorenson, Touch Not the Unclean Thing, p.15).

        Grik Thuthlung Thar: Ahmaisabik Grik Thuthlung Thar nam (print) mi cu: A.D.1516 ah tlangzarh a si. A vawi hnihnak cu A.D.1519 ah a si. Hmaisabik Grik Bible nam laiih um lo mi manuscripts zoh ding a nei. Vawi khatnak le vawi hnihnaknak ih namsual mi a um. Asinan text thlengnak ngaingai a um lo ti a si. A vawi thumnak cu A.D.1522 kum ah a si ih Comma Johanneum 1Joh. 5:7 a telcih. A vawi linak cu A.D.1527 ah a si. A vawi nganak cu A.D.1535 ah a si.
          Robert Estienne (La`in, Stephanus) in vawi li a suah (A.D.1546,1549,1550,1551). John Calvin aiawhtupa Theodore  Beza in A.D. 1565 - A.D 1604 ah vawi kua Grik Bible a namsuak. Stephanus ta sungah malte thlengnak a um. Beza ih A.D.1598 hi KJV lettupawlih hman mi a si tiah F.H.A in a ti. Stephanus edition Grik text hi American ah George Ricker Berry in Interlinear in a suah. “Greek-English Lexicon to the New Testament” le “New Testament Synonyms” tla a telhcih.
          Bonaventure le Abraham Elzevir in A.D.1624 le A.D.1678 karlakah edition pa 7 an suah. Anedition pahnihnak ihsin Textus Receptus /TR ti hmin a ra suak.. Europe ah cun Stephanus ih a vawi thumnak edition (A.D.1550) hi England  ah cun an hman bik mi(standard form of text) a si ih, Elzevir te unau-ih (A.D.1633) ih suah mi hi Europe continent pi ih hman mi a si. Stephanus edition  pa 3-nak (A.D1550) le Elzevir edition (A.D1633) ah 287 hmun laiah an dangaw tiah a ti.
          F.H.A.Scrivener (A.D.1813-1891) cu Cambridge University Press ih fialnak vekin KJV Bible ih hman mi Grik text a tuah. Beza edition a hmang nan TR edition dangdang 18 lai a zohkhawm. Scrivener le Beza (A.D.1598) ah danawknak 190 hrawng a um ti a si. TR edition danawknakpawl hi danawknak pipa an si lo. Himi danawknakpawl hi cafang /spelling, acents le breathing marks, word order le danglamnak tenau men an si. Critical Text le Textus Receptus karlakih danawknak 6000 lai thaw cun rel tlak a si lo. Himi Scrivener edition hi Trinitarian Bible Society in an suah. Bible For Today in tla an suah ve. Dr. Jack Moorman in Grik `awngfang a siar ih Textus Receptus ah 140521 a um tiah a ti (Dr. D.A. Waite, Fourfold Superiority of the KJV, p. 9).

ERASMUS :
                      Erasmus  hi A.D. 1466 ah a suak ih a kum 70 ah a thi. Switzerland ram ih Basel ah
Protestant  a si mi a rualpipawl lakah A.D. 1536 ah a thi. A pa cu Roman Catholic puithiam Gerhard  le a nu cu Margaret an si. Fapa pahnihnak a si. A.D.1492 ah puithiam ah ordain a si nan a `uan taktak ti hingankhumnak(record) a um lo ti a si(Edward Hills, The King James Version Defended, p.152-53, (pdf file) William W.Comb, Erasmus and The Textus Receptus, p. 2). Nauhakte a si laiah a nu le a pa an thi ih an pu in an unau hnih in phungki tlawng(monastery) ah a kuat hai. Roman Catholic do ringring tu a si.Hugh Pope tla cun, ‘Catholic zirh mi zate deuh thawin rinhlelhnak neitu a si,’ a ti. Pianthar hnu lawng ih baptisma co ding thu a zum. Rem`hatu LutherZwingli  le Tyndale pawl vekin Roman Catholic in a suak lo nan Bible Cathianghlim hi mipi hnenih thlen duhtu ringring a si. Cumi cu Roman Catholic pawlih duh lo mi bik a si. A cangan mipawl cu Roman Catholic pawl in an hnawng ih, Europe ram ah cun meisa in an urkang. England ah Erasmus ih cangan mipawl cu A.D.1520 May thla ah mipi mithmuh ah urkang a si.France ah Loius de Berquin in Erasmus ih cangan mipawl a leh ruangah a caleh mipawl urkang a si. Amah khal April 17, 1529 ah urkang a si. Spain ah cun rem`hatupawl (Reformers) ‘Erasmistas’(Erasmas dungthluntupawl) tiah an ti. Council of Trent (A.D.1545-1564) ah Erasmus cu zirhnak sual kengtu (heretic)tiin  a hna`uan khamsak a si. “Erasmus in ci a tuh, Luther in tidai a tawih, Setan in a `hangter,” ti ihCatholic apologist-pawlih ti mi hi theih cio mi a si. Roman Catholic pawl cun Erasmus hi ralih an ruah mi a si.
          Erasmus in Grik Thuthlung Thar a suah mi in Europe a fangsuak, Bible leh a si ih cutin kawhhran rem`hatnak (Reformation ) tla a ra suak. Erasmus san laiih Grik Thuthung Thar a tawlrel can le san tharCritical text /CT le Bible version dinhmun cu dangaw tak a si. Official ih tuah le bawmtu a nei lo. Roman Catholic ih do mi sawn a si. Asinan Roman Catholic in Critical text /CT le Bible version pawl a cohlang.Pope Paul VI  in UBSGNT thawi milaw mi La`in Vulgate thar suah dingin thu a pe. A.D.1987 ah Roman Catholic le United Bible Socities in lungkimtlangnak an nei. Cumi cu Roman Catholic  le Protestan Bible lehlinnak ah Critical Grik Text hman ding hi a si. United Bible Society pawlih hna`uannak ah Roman Catholic pawl an tel. Erasmus in tulai textual critic-pawlih tidan in Grik Text a suah ve lo. Mipi ih cohlan mi text a peksawngsin mi a si. Wescott  le Hort hmanin Erasmus in mipi ih cohlan mi siatsuah loin (without selection or deliberate criticism) a suah tiah an ti. Erasmus in Thuthlung Thar Grik text a timlam laiah a hman mi Grik manuscripts lawng si loin a dang tampi a hmang thei nan  a diklo mi an si ruangah a hmang duh hai lo. Manuscript hrekkhat cu a dik mi amai hman mi thawi bangaw an si thotho ruangah a si. Erasmus hi cuih san laiih Bible thiam (scholar) lakah mizir le mithiam bik pakhat a si ve ih a diklo (corrupt) mi manuscripts-pawl theithiam lo cu a si lo lawlaw (Hugo W.K. Schonhaar, King James Only Controversy –Answered, p.18).
          Erasmus in Grik text a suahnak ih a hman lo mi manuscripts-pawl an um ih,  cupawl cu a duh ah cun a hmang thei. Erasmus in Thuthlung Thar manuscripts-pawl a khawm ih a hliakhlai ih bangawk lonak tampi a um ti a hmu (Eldon Jay Epp, “Decision Points in New Testament Textual Criticism,” Studies in The Theory and Method of New Testament Textual Criticism, edited by Epp and Gordon Fee, p. 18; quoting Bentley 1983: 35, 138). Erasmus in khual a tlawnnak hmunkip ah manuscripts-pawl a hawl, a ngah theinak hmun kip ihta a hmang/ a zoh ti hi theih cio mi a si. Textus Receptus/TR hi Basel ih um mi manuscripts parah a `humawbik nan cumi lawng cu a si lo(Eward Hills, The King James Bible Defended, p. 15).
          Erasmus in tulai/santhar textual critic-pawlih theih mi, text ah bangawklonak tampi a um ti a rak thei zo. Grik Thuthlung Thar a suah laiah, John Reuchilin  hnenin Grik manuscript a ngah. Cumi cu Apostol san lai ihsi ra mi a si tiah Erasmus in a ti. Vatican Library ih Vaticanus a um tla a thei ih a rualpaBombasius in a hrangah a rak zingzawi (research Roman Catholich) sak. Asinan Received Text/TR thawn a danawk tuk ruangah a hnawng tiah Smith in a ti. Erasmus cu Vaticanus ihsin hril mi 365 readings lai pek a si. Erasmus in danglamnak tetepawl cu a langter thluh. Tulai/Santhar Critic-pawl in TR ah a dang an ti mipawl hi kum 460 hnak tam laiah a rak thei zo ih Grik Thuthlung Thar text kiangah hminsinnak/note a rak tuah zo. ~himnakah Bawipai thlacam (Mat.6:13), Mark 16:9-20 …tvk. Culawng si loin Erasmus zoh`him thei dingin hlanlai kawhhran palepawlih cangan mi le hlanlai Bible version tampi a rak um lai. Erasmus in Grik Thutlung Thar hrangah manuscripts malte lawng a hmang tiah an ti. An theih mi cu cumi manuscripts-pawl cu tulai ih a um mi Grik manuscripts tamsawn le lectionary  tamsawn thawn a milaw ti cu theih a si ih el theih a si lo. English Revised Vesion committee ih Chairman Charles Ellicott  in Erasmus ihmanuscripts malte hi Grik manuscripts tamsawn ta a si a ti. Himi ihsi lang mi cu Received Text/TR  ra suahnak (pedigree) hi Erasmus ih hman mi manuscript hlanpi in a si ti hi a si. Cumi ra suahnak cu hlanlaipi sinsin ihsin a si. Received Text/TR ih suahkehnak(ancestor) hi atu ih manuscripts um mi a hlun bik thawi khuk`hi an si hmanah, cumi hlanta a si tengteng ding tiah a ti(The Divine Original, Triniterian Bible Society, London, p. 9).

KHUI MI KJV BIK SO?
          Mirang `awng hi khuahlanpi ihsin a thleng aw vivo ih, A.D 1611 ih an suah mi KJV hnu khalah mirang `awng hi tui ni tiang a thlengaw vivo ti le print-nak tla atu vekin a awl in a `ha hrih lo ti hi Dr. Hre Kio in a thei lo ding ti cu ruah ngam ding tla a si lo. Mithiam kan neih mi a si. Tulai computer san, hna`uan awlsam tuk zo ti can hmanah canam sualnak a um ringring ti cu thei cio a si. Dr. Hre Kio in, “KJV version dangdang a um,” a tiih namsual mi, cafang kawmsual mi (printing errors le spellings) tivek rem mi hi version dang dang a ti a si pang pei maw? Cuti asile amah Dr. Hre Kio lehlin mi Falam Baibal Thianghlim tla a hmaisabik nam mi le atu ih nam mi a bangaw lo si khawh version dangdang ti a theih ding maw? ~ha sin seh tiih rem a si sawn.
          Leslie R. Keylock in “The Bible that bear His name”, Moody Monthly, July-August 1985, p.89- nak ah Jack Lewis ih sim mi a ngan mi cu, “KJV ah lehsual mi/textual palhnak (textual errors) thawng tampi a um ti hi mi malte lawngin an thei. A.D.1659 lai hmanah William Kilburne in KJV vawi 6 remnak (edition)ah a sual (error) 20000 lai a hmu,” tin a ngan. Norman L. Geisler le William E. Nix in “A General Introduction to the Bible” p. 422- nak ah A.D.1769 ih Dr. Blayney ih Oxford edtion ah KJV 1611 thawn a malbik danawknak 75000 a um tiah a ti (Final Authority, p.68-70).
          KJV hi A.D.1611 ah hmaisabik nam a si. “Sualnak” (errors) a um an ti mi hi a tlangpithu in namsual (printing) le cafang ngansual (spelling) an si. Asinan cumi `hehin remsalnak (revisions) a um vivo ih A.D.1629 ah `heh thluh a si. A.D. 1611 le A.D. 1638 karlakih rem mipawl hi namsual mi (printing errors) an si. KJV lehlinnak ih teltu Samuel Ward  le John Bois in a diklo mipawl (errors) an rem. Nam dingin tawlrelnak ah namtupawl in `awngfang lole catlang tivek an hrelh mi a um mipawl kha an rem thluh. ~himnak ah Sam 69:32 ah A.D.1611 ih nam mi ah cun “God” aiah “good” tin a lang. Hihi namtu ih tisual mi rori ti a fiang ih A.D.1617 ah rem`hatsal a si. A.D.1638 ih malte remsal ti lo cu KJV hi kum 1638-1762 tiang remsal ding ti a si nan tisuah a si lo.
          Netabik remnak cu A.D. 1762 le 1769 ah a si. A.D. 1762 ih remnak hi cafang ngandan (spelling) thu a si. ~himnak ah tuahtu (verb) hnu ih “e”, “v” aiih “u”, “f” aiah “s” tivek pawl hi modern spelling thawi bangaw dingin rem a si. ~himnak ah “feare” cu “fear”, “mooued”cu “moved”, “euill” cu “evil”le “alfo” cu “also …tivek.” Hivek Gothic le German spelling pawl hi Roman ngandan in thleng an si. A.D.1769 ah cun rit lam tah, tahnak dangdang le paisa (weights, measures and coins) tivek thleng an si.
          A.D.1769 KJV hi tulai ih print mi bik le hman mi bik cu a si. A.D. 1769 ih rem mi hi A.D.1611 ta thawn a thlangpi in a bangaw ti hi theih dingah a thupi. A.D. 1873 ah Scriverner ih KJV ih marginal notes, orthography, and cross references a tuah mi siar lo remnak pipa a um lo.
          KJV pahnih lole cuhnak tam a um lo. KJV pakhat lawng a um. Tui ni ih hman mi hi A.D 1769 ta a si bik (Jeffrey Khoo, Non-Ruckmanite Answer to Anti-KJV Question, p.4-5 le KJV Question & Answer, p.15-16). Hih thu hi fiangfai zetin  Dr. Reagan ih ngan mi “The King James Version of 1611 – The myth of Early Revision” ah a um. Cun New King James( NKJV- 1982) hi cu thu dang deuh lawlaw a si ih, Received Text/TR thlun ih leh mi thotho a si. Rinsan tlak zet mi a si. Dr. Glen Kerr, Chief Consultant, Bibles International, pa cun NKJV hi a English a awl, an thlun mi Greek le TR thotho a si ih, hman ding a si tiah tha a pe zet.
         
ZIANGRUANGAH KJV 1611 AH APOCRYPHA A TEL?
           KJV hlanih Bible lettupawl in Apocrypha hi an telh. Ziangtin elawknak um mi,hnawn mi hi Apocrypha cabupawl hi Bible leh thar miih teklh an si thei? Siangpahrang James amah rori ih a ngan mi ca ihsin Apocrypha a pawm lo thu a fiang zet. Sikhalsehla, Anglican Archbishop Richard Bancrof in Puritan-pawl in an do ko na cing le siangpahrang James a lungkim lo na cingin Apocrypha kha telh dingin thutluknak a rak tuah. Ziangah Apocrypha telh an duh lo tile Pathian thawtkhum miih pawm/ruah an si lo, Canon ih tahtling mi Bible cabupawl an leh vek khalin fumfe zet, strict zetin an let lo( Dr. Donald L. Braker with Shelly Beach, A visual History of the King James Bible, BakerBooks, Grand Rapids, Michigan, 2011, p. 147)
          KJV lettupawl in Apocrypha hi Pathian thawtkhum mi a si ti an pawm lo. KJV `heh hnu Westminster Confession of Faith (1643-1648) ah Pathian mipawl in Apocrypha hi Pathian `awngkam tin an pawm lo. Scrivener in, “Apocryhpa hi KJV 1611 remtu le an hlan ih `uantupawlih ngunngaihnak a tawng lo ti cu Bible scholar-pawlih theih cio a si. Apocrypha hi thleng le rem ciamco loin Coverdale in A.D.1536 ih Bible hrangih a tuah mi vekin a si thotho,” tiah a ti. A.D.1640 lawngah Geneva Bible ihsin Apocrypha lakhloh a si. Kum zabi 19 hrawng lawngin a si Apocrypha  hi Protestant  Bible-pawl ihsi lakhloh a si(Jeffrey Khoo, Non-Rumanite Answer,p.14).
          An telhnak san cu thuanthu sunsaknak men ruangah a si. KJV ah apocrypha a tel tiih titupawl in an rel duh lo mi cu tulai version thar pawlih an `humawknak bik a si mi Codex Sinaiticus le Codex Vaticanus ah apocrypha a tel ti hi a si. Dr. Hre Kio khalin Codex Sinaiticus le Vaticanus hi tuan lai ta le rinsan tlak bik an si a ti nan cumi pahnih ah apocrypha a tel ti cu a rel lo. Rel `ul a ti lem lo tla a si men thei.
TR/KJV hmang ih leh mi si lo, Bible dang in teh rundamnak co a theih maw?  Pathian fa si dingin, rundam mi si dingin Bible dang thawn tla a theih tuk pan teh. Thuthangṭha tel mi cate (Gospel tract) tivek siar ih rundamnak co tla an um ti cu theih cio a si. Theih ṭul mi cu Bible hi zumtu hrangah kan hriamhrei (weapon) a si (Heb.4:12, Job 40:19; II Tim.3:16) ih, kan ṭhanlennak dingih kan rawl khal a si (I Pet.2:2). Bible dang hmangih kan piangthar ruangah a dik bik, rinsan a tlak bik, a kim bik tinak a si hrimhrim lo. Bible Thiang a si lo tinak a si lo ih, Pathian kim lo mi a tam tuk, siatsuah mi, bet mi a tam tuk ih rinsan tlak lonak hmun a tam tuk tinak a si. A dik bik le rinsan tlak bik hmang dingin Pathian in a falepawl in duh.

TR/KJV SUNGAH UM MI HREKKHAT BET MI AN SI TI MI  SIMFIANGNAK
       
          TR/KJV ih a hleifuan, bet mi an si tiih ti mipawl simfiang cawk ding a si lo. Asian mallaite cu tarlang hnik sehla:

Mathai 6:9-13
Bawipai thlacam ih cang 13 cemnak, “Ziangahtile uknak le huham le ropitnak cu a kumkhua in nangmai ta a si. Amen.” hi TR ah a tel ih KJV ah a tel. Dr.Hre Kio ih ‘hmaisabik Grik Bible’ a ti mipawlCodex Sinaiticus le Vaticanus (kum zabi 4) ah a tel lo.  Cumi hlanih um Bible version dangpawl ah cu a um zo. ~himnak ah Gothic Bible A.D. 330 ih Ulfilas ih lehlin mi ah a rak tel zo(Final Authority, p. 34).Leitlun ih manuscripts um mi hmuahhmuah ah pa 9 siar lo ah himi a um thluh(True or False, p.108).Uncial Grik manuscript K ( kum zabi 9), L (kum zabi 8), W (kum zabi 5), D (kum zabi D), Q (kum zabi 9) le P (kum zabi 9) tivek pawl ah a um. Minuscules Grik manuscripts-pawl ah cun: 28, 33, 565, 700, 892, 1009, 1010, 1071, 1079, 1195, 1216,1230, 1241, 1242, 1365, 1546, 1646, 2174 (kum zabi 9-12) tvk pawl ah tla a um. A.D. 200-300 ta Syriac Peshitto ah tla a um. John Chrysostom in kum zabi 4 ih cakuat a ngan mi sungah a telh. Culawng si loin A.D. 100 hnu, A.D. 200 thawknak lam ta ti a si mi Apostalpawlih zirh mi ‘Didache’ ah tla a tel(Manuscript Evidence, p. 228-9).

1John 5:7 “Ziangahtile van ah thutheitu pathum an um. Cupawl tla cu: Pa, Thu le Thlarau Thianghlim an si. Cui Pathumpawl cu pakhat an si.”
          Dr. Hre Kio in ‘khui mi Grik Bible hmanah a um lo’ a ti mi hi theihngah lo mi a nei a si pang pei maw, a thei ko nan a rel duh lo the a si pei maw? Minuscule 61 (kum zabi 15) ah a um. Cun minuscule 88 (kum zabi 12), 629 (kum zabi 629), 635 (kum zabi 11) ah a tel. Old La`in manuscripts ah tla a um.Cyprian in A.D. 250 ih ca kuat a ngan mi sungih Cathiang a laksawngsin mi ah a tla a telh(Manuscript Evidence, p.256-57).
          Himi IJohn 5:7 thuhla hi Michael Maynard in kum 13 sung a zingzawi hnuah a dik tin thunet a tuah. Cumi cu a cabu “The Debate Over I John 5:7-8” ah tampin a ngan (KJV Only controversy –Answered, p.15)

Thuphuan 5:14
          Thuphuan hi cabu dang vekin Greek manuscripts tampi a um lo. Uncial manuscripts ah Thuphuan cabu kimih um pa 3 le a dang pa 3, Thuphuan bu tamsawn um mi manuscripts-pawl ah a um. A danguncial manuscripts-pawl ah cun bung khat lole bung hnih tivek um an si ih, cupawl hman Thuphuan bu kim thluh cu an si lo. Papyri ah cun Thupuan bu hrekkhat (portions of Revelation) tel mi P5 ah a um. Thu. 5:14 ih “Amah cu kumkhua in kumkhua tiang a nung” ti hi Dr. Hre Kio in khuitawk Grik Baibal sung hmanah a um lo’ a ti. Asinan Dr. H.C.Hoskier in Codex 57,137 le 141 ah a um tiah a ti(Thomas Holland, Manuscript Evidence, p.259).

Efesa 3:14 “Kan Bawipa Jesu Khrih” hi Dr. Hre Kio in ‘hmaisabik ngan mi Grik Bible le khuitawk Grik Bible sung khal ih a um lo’ a ti mi hi. P46 (A.D. 200), Vaticanus, Sinaticus le Codices A,B,C le P ah a um lo. Cun cursive manuscript 33, 81, 1739, 1962, 2127 le 2492 ah a um lo. Codex Sinaiticus  rem mi (c) ah cun a tel. Culawng si loin manuscript D, G, K le Y pawl ah a um. Cun cursive manuscript 88, 104, 181, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 629, 630, 1241, 1877, 1881, 1984, 1985 le 2495 ah a tel. Old La`in le lehlin mi Bible dangah a tel. Syriac Pesthitto Bible (A.D. 200 hrawng) ah tla a tel. Gothic Version (A.D. 400) le cumi san laiih Old Armenian version ah tla a tel. Ambrosiater (A.D. 400), Victorinus (A.D.362),Ephraem (A.D.373), Chrysostom (A.D. 407), Theodore (A.D. 428), Theodoret (A.D.466 ), Damascus John (A.D.749) le Photius (A.D.895) pawl in an cakuat ngan mi sungih Cathiang an vun laksawngsin mi ah an telh, an hmang. Pianthar hnu lawngah baptisma co ding a si ti zumhngettu Saint Basi (A.D.379) khalin a cakuat ngan mi sungah hi Bible cang thu hi a telh(Manuscript Evidence, p.256-57).

Rom 8:1 tisa duhzawng ih nung loin, Thlarau duhzawng ih a nungtu,”  hi Dr. Hre Kio in,“Hmaisabik Grik Baibal ah a um lo; curuangah kan Baibal ah kan telh lo,” tiih an ti mi hiMinuscules manuscript 33, 88, 104, 181, 326, 330, 451, 614, 630, 1241, 1877, 1962, 1984, 1985, 2492 le 2495 pawl ah an um. United Bible Societies Greek Text ah, minuscule manuscript sungah 1739 (kum zabi 10) le 1881 (kum zabi 14) ah a um ti a si. Asinan codex K (kum zabi 9), Codex P (kum zabi 9) ah tla a um. Culawng si loin, Codex Sinaiticus (kum zabi 4) le Codex Claromontanus ( kum zabi 6) ih rem mi margin khalah a um. La`in Vulgate ( kum zabi 4) ah tla a um. Syriac Peshito (kum zabi 2) ah a um. Theodoret (A.D.466 ) Ps-Oecumenius (kum zabi10) le Theophylact (A.D.1077) in an cakuat ngan mi sungah an telh. (Manuscrip Evidence, p. 249-51).

TEV “THISEN TEL LO BIBLE” (Bloodless Bible)

Today’s English Version (TEV) Thuthlung Thar hi 1966 ah Robert Bratcher ih leh mi a si ih American Bible Society in a suah. Cule 1976 ah Thuthlung Hlun le Thar kawm in an suah ih, Good News for Modern Man or Good News Bible (GNB) tiin hmin an peksal. Himi TEV/GNB in thil dang cu rel lo, Khrih thisen ti hi a do nasa. ‘Thisen’ ti aiah ‘thihnak’ tin hmun 10 hnak tam ah a thleng (Apo. 20:28, Rom. 3:25, 5:9, Ef.1:7; 2:13; Kol. 1:14, 20; 1Pet 1:19, Thuphuan 1:5; 5:9). Grik ih ‘haima’ ti hi ‘thihnak’ si loin thisen ti a si. Jesu thihnak hi thisen tell o a si ah cun sullam nei lo a si ding, ziangahtile, ‘thisen suah loin ngaidamnak a um lo’ (Heb. 9:22; 1Pet. 1:19). Curuangah TEV cu ‘Thisen tel lo Bible’ (the bloodless Bible) ti hmin tla a ngah. (Eward Hills, The King James Version Defended – 178)


GREEK BIBLE BANGAWK LONAK


Grik Thuthlung Thar text print mipawl ah bangawklonak a um ti cu theih cio a si. Thuthlung Thar ih zirh mi zianghman hnaihnawknak a um lem lo pi titu tla a um aw.
          United Bible Society New Testament Greek Bible thawi a bangaw mi Nestle Greek Text (26thedtion) zoh asile, TR thawn bangawklonak tampi a lang. Pathian hmin (names of Deity) hmun 200 lai ah hrelh (omitted) a si, Thumthlak Pathian (Trinity) thu ah 400 hnak tam danawknak, Thuthlung Hlun laksawnnak ah 45 danawknak, rinnak (doctrine) thuhla ah 40 danawknak (Bawipa Jesu Khrih Pathian a sinak, Rundamnak thuhla …tvk). Mirang `awng ih lehlin ding hmanah harsatnak a um mi 288 danawknak a um. Cumipawl cu UBSGNT hmangin lehlin asile, Received Text ih `awngkam thawn bangaw mi hman a si lo hmanah a sullam um dingin lehlin (paraphrase) men a `ul. Cu lawng si loin, sullam (meaning) danawkternak 481 danglamnak a um.
          UBSGNT hi original text a naihbik tin ti sehla, TR ihsin lehlin mi KJV ah, Bible cang pumhlum (verse) 17, cang hrekkhat 185, cun original manuscript ih um lo mi 1107 cang hrekkhat, TR ah um nan UBSGNT ah cun a sullam dang a si mi mirang `awngfang a malbik hmun 556 tla an um. Himi KJV sung um mi 1865 zat hi Pathian ih thawtkhum lo mi a si tinak a si ko lo maw?
          Phun dang in rel sehla, United Bible Society Greek New Testament hi original text naihbik a si tin ti hnik sehla, Received Text/TR ah Pathian thawtkhum lo mi `awngfang 2625 a um ih Pathian thawtkhum mi `awngfang 310 a sam, himi `awngfangpawl hi lehlinnak ih danglamnak umtertu an si. Himi vek a si ah cun KJV ah Pathian thawtkhum lo mi `awngfang 2600 a um ih Pathian thawtkhum mi `awngfang 300 lai a sam lai tinak a si.
          Cuti asile Pathian thawtkhum (Verbal inspiration) a zumtu hrangah UBSGNT zohfel ta loin cu khui mi `awngfang hi Pathian thawtkhum a si ti a thei lo ding. Hi tawkah Grik `awng thei lo hrangah cun UBSGNT text vek rori ih lehlin mi Bible a `ul nan kha vek Bible a um si lo. NASB lole NIV in tla mi a bawm thei ta lo. NASB in hmun 530 laiah UBSGNT a thlun lo. NIV in tla hmun 650 ah a thlun ve lo. TEV tla cu rel hman a `ul lo.

CUTI ASILE ZIANGTIN?
-        Received Text/TR hi a dang Grik text hnakin rinsan a thlak sawn. Mirawng `awng hmanin lehlin tikah harsatnak um mi `awngfang 288 lai a dang Grik text ah a um nan, TR ah cun a um ve lo. Himi vekah felfai ten lehlin a si thei lo ih, a umdan vekih lehlin a si dah lo.
-        TR in kan Bawipa Pathian sunlawihnak a pe sawn. Grik text dangah cun hmun 400 ah Bawipa sunlawih lonak a um. Grik text dang in Pathian hmin 210 lai an telh lo. Hmun hrekkhat ah cun Pathian hmin telh loin tla pawi tuk lo tla a si thei nan hmun 210 hi cu thil tenau men a si lo.
-        Received Text/TR hi Thuthlung Hlun laksawnnak ah tla a rinumsawn. Text dang ah cun Thuthlung Hlun laksawngnak ah hmun 45 in a tlasam.
-        Received Text/TR cun `awngfang hi bracket [ ] ah an ret lo. A dang text cun bracket pakhat lole pahnih in `awngfang tampi an ret ih rinhlelhnak a umter.
-        Received Text/TR le a dang Greek Text pawl ah danawknak nasa tak a um ti kan thei cio. Cupawl cu Westcott le Hort, Nestle le UBSGNT (Critical Text) tla an si.Thawtkhum thuhla tla rel zo a si.
-        Westcott le Hort, Nestle lole UBSGNT pawm le manuscript tamsawn ih kilhim mi TR pawm lo/hnawn tinak a si. TR thawn `him cun manuscript malte lawngih lungkimpi mi(support) mi duhsawn tinak a si.
-        Pathian Cathianghlim hi Bible ih zirhdan verkih cohlangtu cun siar ding, zir ding le Grik Thuthlung Thar zirnak ah hman ding a si.
-        KJV hi Received Text/TR ih a `humaw mi asile, a `habik lehlin mi Bible khal a si ih Westcott-Hort, Nestle, lole United Bible Socities’ Greek New Testment (UBSGNT) hnakin rinsan a tlak sawn a si(Everett W. Fowler, Evaluating Versions of the New Testament, (Published by Strait Street Incorporated, 44 West Cedarville Road, Cedarville, IL 61013) ah tampi a um.).
-        Dr. Hre Kio ih leh mi Falam Baibal Thianghlim hi UBSGNT Westcott le Hort Greek Bible lole Nestle Greek Bible lole UBSGNT Greek Bible, Critical Text parih `humaw ih lehlin mi a si ti cu amah ih cangan mi in a lang ih, theih cio a si. Kan Lai `awng te in TR/KJV le NKJV thlun ih an leh mi Thuthlung Thar cu a suak ve zo ih, Thuthlung Hlun thawn suak zang sehla ti hi duhthusam zet a si. Cule mipi in kan zoh`him vivo ding ih, mitvannak a suak vivo ding.
-        United Bible Society hin Critical Text ti khalih kawh mi Nestle-Alan le United Bible Society Greek New Testament hi a hmang ih, cucu kan Falam Baibal Thianghlim ih thlun mi cu a si. Himi Greek Bible duh lo, Received Text/TR rori let le namsuaktu Bible Society cak zetzet Triniterian Bible Society, Grace Way Bible Society, Bibles International Society tivek an um ti khal hi theih `ha a si.         
-        Dr. Hre Kio in Falam Baibal in lehsak ruangah minung hi zat Baibal kan siar, a sunglawi tuk, el ding a um lo. Kan Falammi hrangih pa pakhat a si hrimhrim. A parih kan lungawinak le kan upatnak hi kaa ih sim cawk a si lo. Hi hnakin Greek Bible Received Text/TR hi  rinsan a tlak sawn, a kimsawn ti kan tarlang mi thu a si.

Kan thunetnak ah, Charles Spurgeon in, “ Kiosa cu kilven a `ul lo, amah le amah kilveng aw seh, cuvekin Pathian Thu Bible khal amah le amah a kilvengaw thei a si,” a ti bangin rinsan a tlak mi Pathian Thutak Bible cu a langfiang vivo ko ding.



Abraham Ram Lian Uk                                                         January 8, 2012
Academic Dean
Biblical School of Theology
Yangon, Myanmar
 CABU RAWN MIPAWL
1.D.A.Waite: The Fourfold Superiority of the KJV
2.David Cloud: For the Love of the Bible
3.David H.Sorenson: Touch Not The Unclean Thing
4.David Otis Fuller: Which Bible?
5.David Otis Fuller: True or False?
6.Everett W.Fowler: Evaluating Versions of the New Testament
7.Eward F. Hills: The King James Version Defended
8.G.W. Anderson: What Today’s Christian Needs to Know About the   
     Greek New Testament
9.G.W. and D.E. Andernson: The Received Text (A Brief Look at   
            the Textus Receptus)
10.Hugo W.K. Schonhaar: The King James Only Controversy-
             Answered
11.Jeff Johnson: The KJV  vs. Modern Bibles (Spiritual   
             Deception In The Highest)
12.Jeffrey Khoo: Kept Pure In All Ages
13.Jeffrey Kho: Non-Ruckmanit Answered To Anti-KJV
               Questions
14.Jeffrey Kho: KJV Questions & Answers
15.Jack Moorman: Forever Settled
16.Malcolm H. Watts: The Lord Gave the Word
17.Samuel C.Gipp: An Understandable Story of the Bible
18.Stephen P.Westcott: Codex Sinaiticus
19.T.E. VanBuskirt: The Doctrinal Chaos of Translations
20.Thomas Holland: Manuscript Evidence
21.Thomas M. Strouse: Refutation of Dr. Daniel Wallace’s     
             Rejection of the KJV as the Best Translation
22.Unpublished Class Notes, Philippines Missionary Baptist
              Seminary, Philippines
23.William B.Combs: Eramus and the Textus Receptus
24.William P.Grady: Final Authority
                                                *****



__._,_.___




KING JAMES BIBLE THUANTHU
                                          Timothy Sui Lian mang
English Bible Version lakih lar zet KJV thuanthu malten lo zem ve ka duh. KJV thuanthu thei ding cun KJV hlanih English Bible thuhla theihta hin mit a vangter sinsin a bang. Curuangah KJV hlan ih English Bible thuhla tla kan zohta hnik pei.
 English Bible: English `awng in Bible let dingih `anlaknak hi a tam zet. Latin Bible ta Cathianghlim thu hrekkhat leh mi tete cu suah an si rero. Mirang `awng ih leh mi Bible hi a tam zet thlang. Hmaisa lamih an leh mi Bible-pawl le a langsar deuh mipawl tarlang vivo hnik sehla:
        (1) Caedmon: Hi hi cu leh mi Bible a si lo. Caedmon hi A.D. 680 ah a thi. Bible sung thu hi tam zet a thinlung ah a khawl, a byheart ih, cucu  awnmawi (harp) thawn hla in a sa `heu. Semtirnak le Suahlannak sung thu hrekkhat, Jesu Khrih thawhsalnak thupawl le a ratsal ding thupawl, vanram le hremhmun thupawl hla in a sak `heu. Ngan mi a si lo nan, mirangpawl in Bible khumdan `ha an neih hmaisa bikih siar a si.
(2) Bede (A.D. 674-735): Bede hi puithiam a si ih, thuanthu thei zet le Pathian thuthiam a si. Bible pumpi leh mi si loin, “ General Biblical Introduction’ ti mi a ngan. A thih ni tiangin Thuthang`ha John a leh mi cu a ceksal rero. Cau zetih a  um hnuah a ca ngansaktu pa in, “ Ka pu, bung khat te lawng  a tang nan, na cau tuk thlang fawn si,” tiah a ti. Bede cun, “ Na cafung la awla, hitin ngan aw,” tiah a ti ih dim teten a `awng ih, cutin a hnuk a cat lanta.
(3) Alfred Bible:  A.D. 870 hrawngih British siangpahrang Alfred cu Pathian duh zet le Bible ngaina zet a si. Mawsi Dan bu hmangin England acozah dan a tuah ih, cucu “ Alfred Doom” tiah an ti hngehnge. A thu suah mi maktak cu, “ England ram sungah zokhal English Bible siar an thiam hmaisa lo ah cun hna an hawl ding a si lo,” ti hi a si. Amah rori in Sam bu le Thuthang`ha bu pawl a let. A leh `heh hlanah a thi.
(4) Wycliffe Bible (A.D. 1380, 1384): English Bible thuanthu taktak hi cu Wycliffe (A.D. 1324 – 1384) ihsi thawk a si. English mi lakih Wycliffe hlanih hmuh mi Cathianghlim hi cu a bupi si loin Cathianghlim sung thu malte te Anglo Saxon le Frence `awng le English `awng ih ngan mi lawng hmuh a si.
Wycliffe San ih Thil Umdan: John Wycliffe san ah hin Rom in England le Zurup cu thir kianghrol thawn a uk. Kum zabi 7 ah Rom in England cu a uknak hnuaiah a ret. Pope uknak hnuaiah kum zabi 16 tiang an um, cucu kum 900 hrawng tinak a si. Cui can cu British-ih Khawthim San ti a si.
Siangpahrang John in ( A.D. 1199-1218 a uk) in Pope Innocent III ih thuneihnak kum zabi 13 thawk lamah do a tum nan, a hlawhtling lo. Pope in Siangpahrang John a dawi ih, siangpahrang a si nawn lo ih, England mipi khal a hnenih `uanvo an neih mi lak ihsin zalenter an si tiah thu a suah. Pope in France Siangpahrang Filip kha ralkap le lawng ralkap timlam tahratin John va do le va la dingin thu  a pe. Pope in John kan do ding, hi doawknak ih a tel pohpoh cu sual ngaidamnak le rallak thil an co ding tiah a tiamkam. Cutikah British Siangpahrang John cu Pope hnenah a kun, a peaw ih, England le Ireland cu Pope kutah a pe. Siangpahrang John in May 15, 1213 ah hitin a hmin`hu in Pope hnenah a peaw:
Kei, John, Pathian zangfahnak in, England le Ireland Siangpahrang hin ka sual man rulhnak ah, keimai duhnak rori in le thurawn i petupawlih ruahnak peknak in ka lalram England le ka lallukhum thuneinak dang hmuahhmuah thawn Rom kawhhran hnenah, Pope innocent le a ai run awhtupawl hnenah ka hlan a si. Kei cu Pope siahhlawh ka si thlang ding. Kei cu Pathian hnen, Rom kawhhran le ka bawi Pope hnen le a aiawhtu dingih hril mi hnenah ka rinum ding,” tiin.
Roman Catholic thuneitupawl in mipi kha an rekbet ih, Roman Catholic siar lo biaknak dang hrimhrim neih an siang  lo. Roman Catholic thu lung lo pohpoh cu an hrem, ram ihsin an dawn, an that. Pope hnuaiih dinmun neitupawl khan thuneihnak nasa zet an nei ih, acozah lam thuneihnak khal an kaicih. Bishop-pawl, puithiampawl, siangbawipawl khal mipi thawhhlawm, `henhra `hen khat, mithi thla an camsaknak ih an ngah mi sumpai, sual ngaidamnak certificate an zuar mi ihsi an ngah mi sumpai pawl tla thawn nuam zetin, lian zetin an khawsa.
Roman Catholic puithiam le rawngbawltu zokhal thil a tisual asikhalle acozah thu`hennak ih thu`hensak theih a si lo. An hrangah dan a  um lo, curuangah R.C rawngbawltupawl cu nunau-mipa sualnak lam khalah an bawrhhlawh zet. Roman Catholic kawhhran cun mipi in Bible an neih ding a duh lo.
A.D.1229 ah Toulouse council le A.D.1234 ih Tarragona council ah mipi Bible siar le Bible neih an kham. University pawl ah Pathian thu taktak Theology zirnak khal a um nawn lo. University pawl ah Latin Bible hman hmuh ding a har zet. A.D. 1353 ah puithiam mino pathum lai kha Ireland ihsin England ah Pathian thu zir dingin an ra ih, an kirsal. Ziangahtile Oxford University ah Bible hman ding, hmuh ding a rak um lo.
Wycliffe-ih Nun:  Wycliffe cu A.D.1324 ah Yorkshire ah a suak ih, Oxford University ah tlawng a kai. Merton College Fellow a si ih, A.D.1361- 1366 tiang Balliol College Master a si. A.D. 1372 ah Doctorate in Theology degree a ngah. Rawng a bawl tir lam ihsin R.C puithiampawl le Pope a do cih. A.D.1374 ah Siangpahrang Edward III hrangah Chaplain a `uan ih, Lutterwordth Rector ah an ruat.
A.D. 1377 thawk tirah Wycliffe cu Roman Catholic thuneitupawl in England ah Rom ih um Pope thinhengnak ruangah nasa zetin an tiduhdah. Wycliffe-ih Bible thurin kha Pope in a hua tuk.
A.D. 1381 ah Wycliffe cu R.C pawlih an Bawipa zanriah a pawm lo ruangah Oxford ihsin  an dawi. Wycliffe dungthluntupawl cu Lollards tiah an ko. Wycliffe hin cabu tam zet a ngan. A.D. 1380 ihsin 1384 karlakah Latin `awng in cabu 57 lai a ngan. Wycliffe cu December 31, 1384 ah a thi.
Wycliffe cun Latin `awng lawngih Bible nei ih, kawhhran hruaitu mimalte lawngih Bible an siar cu a duh hrimhrim lo. Thuthlung Hlun bu hrekkhat le Thuthlung Thar bu zaten a let. A.D.1380 ah Thuthlung Thar cu leh `heh a si ih, Thuthlung Hlun cu A.D.1382 Wycliffe a thih hlan kum hnih ah leh `heh a si. Wycliffe rualpa Nicholas hi himi Bible lehnak ah telih zum a si, a run remtu a si khal zum a si. Wycliffe hi Oxford University ih kum zabi 14 ih Pathian thu thiambik pakhat a si. Roman Catholic a do tuk ruangah kawhhran rem`hatnak hrangih deirel arsi (The morning star of the Reformation) tiah an ko. R.C in mipi Bible siar a sian lo ruangah mipi cu thlarau lam thimkawzing lakah an um.Wycliffe hi Mirang `awng ih Bible pumpi let hmaisabiktu a si. A leh mi Bible hi Hebrew le Greek Bible thlun ih leh a si lo, Latin Bible - Jerome ih Vulgate a let. Curuangah hrelh mi le a sual mi a rak tam zet
Pastor rual, Lollards tiih kawh mipawl in Wycliffe-ih leh mi Bible cu an siar ih mipi hnenah Pathian thu an sim.
Wycliffe ih leh mi Bible hi kum zabi 19 tiang nam a rak si lo. Tyndale ih leh mi hi mirang `awng cun Bible cabu ih nam hmaisabik mi a si. Wycliffe Bible leh mi cu Bible bu khat, bu hnih tete in copy tahratih zemsuah a si.
Wycliffe ih leh mi kut ngan Bible hi a man a rak khung zet. Nicholas Belward in Wycliffe-ih Thuthlung Thar a neih ruangah Pope hnen ihsin A.D.1429 ah harsatnak nasa zet a tuar.
John Wycliffe a thih hnu A.D.1415 – 1418 karlakah Constance ih Roman Catholic council an neihnakah Wycliffe cu thiamlo an coh. Cule a ruh phawrhsuak ih urkang dingih thu pek a si. Wycliffe a thih hnu kum 44 kim zikte A.D.1428 ah Wycliffe-ih ruh cu an phawrh ih, an urkang, cule a vutcam cu tiva fate sungah an hlawn. Cui tivate cu Lutterworth biakinn kiang lamah a luang.
(5) Tyndale Bible (1526) : Tyndale (A.D. 1494- 1536) hi English Bible thuanthu ah cun mipawimawh zet a si.Tyndale Thuthlung Thar (1525 ) hi English Bible Greek ihsi lei hmaisabik le nam hmaisabik a si. Wycliffe Bible khi cu Latin Bible leh a si ih, kut ngan kha an nam men, cabu vek ngaingai ih nam a si lo. King James Bible hi Tyndale Bible leh mi sirhsan ih rem le leh a si.
Tyndale San : Tyndale san khal hi kawhhran nasa zetih an tiduhdah can a si. Tyndale kum 13, 14 hrawng a si tikah zumtu mi 8800 hrawng urkang an rak si zo ih, mi 90000 hrawng thawng thlak an si. Tyndale a hung pitlin tikah Khristian `ha`ha pawl Bohemia, Italy le France lamah tiduhdah natsat an si.
Tydale suah hlan A.D.1453 ah Constantinople hi Muslim-pawl in an la ih, Greek scholar tampi Zurup nitlaknak lamah a man khung zet mi an Greek Manuscript-pawl thawn, Byzantine Greek Thuthlung Thar pawl thawn, an tlan. An tlanpi mi Greek manuscript-pawl cu kum 1000 sung lai kilhim a rak si.
Latin Bible hmaisabik cu A.D.1456 ah nam a si. Tyndale a suah tikah cun canamnakpawl hi London ah ret a si zo, Zurup khawpi hmun 120 laiah canamnak a rak um zo. Tyndale suah hlan te A.D.1488 ah Bohemia ram ah Bible nam a si.
England ah Roman Catholic cu acozah biaknak a si ih, Roman Catholic hnenah siah tam zet pek a si. Bible hi `awng dang ih leh sian a rak si lo. Mipi in Latin an siar thei lo. Curuangah Latin vulgate kha siar dingin an pan thei lo.Roman Catholic cun Latin vulgate pan ih siar cu a siang nan. Puithiampawl hman in Bible an thei lo nasa. A.D.1500 ih puithiampawl camibuai an tuahnak ah puithiam pakua pawl cun Sinai ih lungpheng parah thupek paziat a nganaw ti an rak thei lo. Puithiam 33 pawl in khai thupek pahra kha khui Bible ah a um ti tla an rak thei lo. Puithiam 34 pawl in Bawipai thlacam ngantu zo a si ti an thei lo.
Pope thuneihzia cu maktak a si. Roman Catholic cu Khristian diktakpawl parah a sual zet nan zumtu `ha`ha le zumtu dik an rak tam zet thotho. Cupawl cu Waldenses, Lollards, le midang John Wycliffe(A.D.1324-1384) san laiih zumtu rung um vivo an si.
William Tyndale hi A.D.1484 – 1489 karlakih suak a si. A suah kum le ni le thla hi theifeng a rak si lo. Zirnak `ha zet a nei. Magdalen College ah A.D.1506 ah a kai. Magdalen hi khaih laiah Oxford Univesrity kawmtu hlei hnih lakih pakhat a si. Thluak `ha zet a si ih, July 1512 ah B.A., July 1515 ah M.A a zir `heh. ~awng pa riat – Hebrew, Greek, Latin, Italian, Spanish, French, German, English plawl a thiam zet. ~awng dangdang khal theih `awk`awk mi cu a nei hnuaihni. Welsh `awng khal tawkfang zet a thiam ti a si. Khaih `awng pariat khi cu a thiam lawlaw. Oxford ah Pathian thu zirhtu `ha an um lo ruangah Pathian thu a zir ngah lo. Tyndale cu Oxford ihsin Cambridge University ah a feh ih Richard Croke hnuaiah A.D.1518 ah Greek a zir ti a si. Erasmus khal kha England ah a feh ih A.D.1509-1514 tiang a um ih, Cambridge ah Greek a zirh. Cambridge ih a zir laiah Tyndale hi a pianthar ti a si.
Tyndale Oxford University ihsi a graduate hnu A.D.1516 ah Greek Thuthlung Thar kha nam a si ih, cumi cu Martin Luther in German `awng in a let ih A.D.1522 ah nam a si.
William Tyndale hi Oxford University ah Hebrew le Greek a zir. Tyndale hin A.D.1524 ah Bible leh a thawk. Greek Bible le Hebru Bible hmang ih leh mi a si. A.D.1525 ah Thuthlung Thar a let `heh. Cumi cu copy 15000 an tuah ih England ah an zemdarh. Roman Catholic khawhhran thu hnuaiih um Church of England in English Thuthlung Thar siar an kham. Bible pumpi a leh kim `heh hlanah zirhnak sual kengtu tiin an kai ih atu san ih Belgium ti mi ah thawng an thlak, cule A.D.1536 ah meisa in an urthat. Meisa ih an ur laiah,     “ Bawipa, England Siangpahrang mit vangter aw,” tiih thla a cam mi Pathian ih a sanzia cu kum hnih hnuah a lang.
(6) Miles Coverdale Bible(1535) : Miles Coverdale (A.D.1488- 1569) hi Cambridge University ih tlawngkai a si, Augustinian puithiam a hung si. Kawhhran rem`hatnak cangvaihnak thu in a ciahneh ih, Roman Catholic ihsin a suak. England ihsin ramdang ah a tlan ih, a tlannak hmun ah Tyndale a tawng. Tyndale ih Bible leh a bawm. England kawhhran khawmpi A.D.1534 cun Mirang `awng ih Bible leh dan ding thu a ruat. Cui thu thlun in Miles Converdale ( neta ah Exeter Bishop hung si) cun nasa zetin Bible leh hna a `uan. A Bible lehnak ih a thlun mi Bible cu German Bible le Latin Bible a hmang (Tyndale Bible khal bawmtu `ha zetah a  hmang thotho). A.D. 1535 ah a let `heh ih October 1535 ah a hmaisabik English Bible cu Zurup ram ah an nam ih, England ah an kuat. Cui can hrawngah Matthew’s Bible, John Roger ih edit mi khal namsuah a si. A.D.1537 ah London ah James Nicholson in a namsal.
English Parliament in A.D.1534 ah Church of England cu Roman Catholic thawn `hencatawk a si pei ih, England Siangpahrang cu kawhhran lubik a si pei,” tiin thurelcatnak dan thar a tuah. Cutin England ah kawhhran rem`hatnak a lang detdo. Church of England thurin pahra cu A.D.1536 ah ngansuah a si. An thurin ah Roman Catholic thurin tampi a tang lai nain, kawhhran rem`hatupawlih zirhnak lam khal tawkfang zet a tel ih, khawvan lam a naih deuh hrethri. A.D.1538 ih acozah thupek casuak mi ah, “ Bible cu mipi hrangah biakinn hmuahhmuah ah hman theih dingin um seh; English Bible tumbik pakhat cu biakinn ah a remcannak bik hmun ih ret dingin...kawhhran rawngbawltupawl cu mi zokhal Bible siar  thanauter lo dingin.. cuhnakin Bible siar dingin tha mi pe sawn ding,” ti a si.  Siangpahrang Henry VIII in Coverdale Bible le Matthew’s Bible cu a nemhnget. Neta lamah cun Tydale’s leh mi khal nemhngeh a si. Cutin Tyndale-ih thlacam cu a famkim. English mipi in anmai `awng te in Bible an siar thei, siar ding an nei thlang.
 (7) Matthew Bible ( A.D.1537): Thomas Mathew hi Tydale-ih rualpa a si. A hmin pakhat cu John Roger(1500-1555) a si. Cambridge University ih tlawngkai a si. A.D.1534 ah Antwerp ah, cutawkih Tyndale a um laiah a `hawn ih English sumdawngpawl hnenah chaplain  `uan. Tyndale an kaih hlan kum khatah cutawk hmun a thleng. Bible lehnak ah Tyndale Bible le Converdale Bible a hmang. A.D.1538 ah Germany ah a `hawn ih Meldorf ah pastor a `uan. Cutawkah Lutheran-pawl thawn an `uantlang. A.D.1547 ah England ah a kirsal. Siangpahrang Henry VIII a rak thi ih, a fapa Edward VI, kawhhran rem`hatupawl parih zangfahnak nei a si, siangpahrang a `uan. Tyndale thawng sungih a um laiah Roger hin Tyndale-ih Thuthlung Hlun a leh `heh mi kut ngan ca cu ziangmawtiti in a rak ngah. Tyndale a thih hnuah Roger in Thuthlung Hlun cu a `heh.
Matthew’s Bible ti mi hrangah Roger in Tyndale-ih a rak leh `heh cia mi Thuthlung Thar le Thuthlung Hlun Semtirnak ihsin 2Sansiarnak le Jonah a hmang. Culo a dang a tang lai mi Thuthlung Hlun hmuahhmuah cu Coverdale Bible a rem`hasal. Job thawknak ah cun a thar rori ih a leh mi tla a um. Matthew Bible cu Zurup ih nam a si ih, a hrek an nam `heh tikah London ih canamnak cet pahnih kawpaw in an nam `heh.
Matthew (Roger) hin Bible a let lo ih, Tyndale leh mi le Coverdale Bible kha a rem`hasal ih Bible pakhat ah a kawm. A.D.1538 ah namsuah a si. Siangpahrang cun a ram sungih kawhhran hmuahhmuah in hmang seh tiah thu a suah.
The Great Bible (1539): A.D1539 ih an nam mi the Great Bible ti mi cu Matthew’s Bible an nam mi hmin a si. Matthew Bible cu the Great Bible ti khalih kawh a si. Ziangahtile a Bible bu a tum le a man a khuni ruangah a si.
(8) Geneva Bible (A.D. 1557, 1560) :  Siangpahrang nu Mary-ih tiduhdahnak ruangah mi tampi cu Geneva khawpi ah an tlan. Cutawk ah mithiam palipawl in Bible an let. Siangpahrang Elizabeth siangpahrang a hung si tikah khan mitlanpawl cu England ah an kirsal. A ra kirsalpawl khan hi Bible hi an run keng ih, siangpahrang nu Elizabeth hnenah an run hlan. Hi Bible an leh laiah Protestant-pawl tiduhdah an tuar lai a si bangin, Geneva Bible sirah Roman Catholic dik lonak tampi ngancih a si. Geneva Bible hi Bible cang tete tuah thawknak a si ih, siar a awlter ngaingai. Alettu Whittingham hin Textus Receptus(Stephanus’ edition) a hmang. KJV an leh tik khalah Tyndale Bible zawngah hi Geneva Bible hi an zoh le an rawn zet mi a si.
Hi Geneva Bible ih simfiangnak note tete an tuah mi hi Calvin thurin le Roman Catholic donak a si. Hi Bible a hminthannak le mipi ih an hman zetnak san pakhat cu a man a khung lo ih, a fate fawn.
(10) Bishop Bible (A.D. 1568): Leh zo mi Bible tampi a rak um ko nan, Bishop-pawl in leh mi Bible `ha hleice neih duhin an tiamaw ih, hi Bible hi an let. Alettupawl cu Archbishop Matthew Parker le a dang Bishop pakuapawl an si. Geneva Bible a suah hnu kum riat ah A.D.1568 ah an suah ve. Bishop Bible cu Siangpahrang nu Elizabeth I in Geneve Bible sirih note tete telh nawn lo dingin thu a pe. Bishop Bible in kawhhran sungih mipi Pathian biakkhawmnak ah Great Bible ih hmunram a luah nain, a lar taktak lo. Neta lamih King James Version revision tuahnak ah an hmang.
(11) Rheims-Douai Bible ( A.D. 1582): Hi Bible hi Pope in England ram pumpi Roman Cathlic zirhnak dotupawl nehnak dingih a tum mi Bible a si. Asinan a hlawhtling lo riai cu a si hi. An lehnak ih hotu pahnih cu William Allen le Gregory Martin an si. Footnote ah Roman Catholic thurin humhimnak a um.
(12) King James Bible (A.D. 1611):  Hi Bible hi kawhhran rem`hat can ih suah Bible hminthangbik le mi nehtubik a si. Hi Bible hi King James Bible asilole King James Version tiih kawh a si, ziangahtile 1603 – 1625 tiang England uktu Siangpahrang James I in 1604 ah hi Bible hi tuahsuak dingih thu a pek mi, a nemhngeh mi a si. United Kingdom ah Authorized Version tiah an ko tam.
Thuanthu mallai zohta hrih hnik sehla: James Stuart (1566-1625) cu a siangpahrang Mary (a nu, Roman Catholic) kha a laltohkham ihsin `hawnter a si tikah, July 1567, kum 13 lawng  a si laiah Scotland laltohkham ah toter a si. England Siangpahrang James I a si hlanah Scotland ah siangpahrang (James IV) a rak si zo. Siangpahrang James-ih pa hi James a suah hnu rei lote ah mi in an that. A nupi Mary hi a thattu lakah a tel ve tiin a thang. Mary cu England ah  a sungkhat unau nu siangpahrang Elizabeth hnenih bawmnak dil dingih a tlan tikah thawng an thlak. Kum 19 a rei hnuah Elizabeth that dingih tawlrel thuptu lakah Mary a tel ti an theihsuah ruangah, siangpahrang rak `uan ve dah kum 44 mi Mary cu 1587 ah Fortheringhay Castle an an that.
Pasal nei lo - fa nei lo siangpahrang Elizabeth-ih sungkhat naibik James cu a unau nai zet Mary-ih fapa a si ruangah, Elizabeth a thih tikah James cu March 1603 ah England siangpahrang ah a cang. Cutin James cun England le Scotland cu a kawm.
James I in Denmark mi Anne cu nupi ah a `hit. Fa pariat an nei nan, pathum lawng upa tiang an nungdam: Henry cu Prince of Wales (1594-1612) sinak pek a si, Elizabeth Stuart (1596-1662) le siangpahrang James a thih tikih a pa aiawhtu Charles tla an si.
James I cu Zurup ram ih uktu lakah cathiam sangbik ih theih a si. A thluak a `hatzia, zamrang zetih thil a zir theihzia hi a hminthannak pakhat a si. Grik le Latin le `awng dangdang khal a thiam tuk. Taksa famkim lo a si na cingin a khawruahnak le a thluak hi cu a `ha tuk lawmmam. Kum 7 te lawng a si laiah  ralring cia riai loin Latin `awng ih ngan mi Bible kha Frence `awng in a let zurzo, cuisin English in a let lala. Kum 20 a ti hlanah Sam bung 30 hla `awng in a let ih, Thuphuan bu khal hrilhfiah phun in a let zo ti a si. 1604 ah kuak `hat lo thu cabu khal a suah ( David Cloud, The Glorious History of the King James Bible, Way of Life Literature, cahmai 126). 
James I cu Elizabeth a thih veten England siangpahrang a hung si ih, a rei hlanah Scotland ihsin England lam panih a feh laiah, Corpus Christi College President John Reynolds in Puritan-pawl a ho ih siangpahrang James cu thawngkhat ngennak (Millennium Petition) ti mi thawn an pan. Minister (kawhhran rawngbawltu) 1000 in an hmin an `hut ruangah hi mi hmin a putnak a si. Cui ngennak ca ah cun Puritan-pawlih Church of England parih an riahsiatnak an tarlang. Siangpahrang James cu Scotland mi Presbyterian a rak si ko nan, an rak beisei vekin Puritan-pawl parah zangfahnak a rak nei lo, ram thuhla ah Puritan-pawl in a duhdan an bahlahter ruangah a si. Puritan-pawlih an lungawilonak an tarlang mi ah, “ Pathian pawlnak cabu (thlacamnak cabu) kha an sia le `ha theihnak `ha thawi an hman theih lo thu, ziangahtile cui cabu sungah a dik lo mi leh mi Bible (Great Bible) vekih a um ruangah,” ti thu  a tel. Hampton Court 1604 ah Church of England sungih hmuhdan, ruahdan bangaw lo thu cu tifel dingin an rel. Cui khawmpi ah cun, “ Bible pumpi lehsal si seh, a `awng hrampi Hebru le Grik vek rori in a can thei sung leh si seh. Cui Bible cu simfiangnak thu zianghman tel loih nam si seh, cule cui Bible cu Pathian biakkhawmnak i kipah kawhhran pumpi ih hman si seh,” ti mi siar lo cu an tifel thei.
Bible a thar ih lehsal si seh ti ngennak cu Dr. John Reynolds in a hei hlan (1549-1607). Cui thurawnnak/ngennak cu council member tampi cu an lung a kim nan, London Bishop Richard Bancrof ( a rei hlanih archbishop si ding) cun a do, Bible leh cem ti a um lo ding tiah a phunzai (Paul D. Wegner, The Journey from Texts to Translation, Baker Academic, Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1999. Cahmai 308). Asinan siangpahrang James cun cui thurawnnak cu `ha a ti ih a lungkim. Bible thar leh ding siangpahrang a lungkimnak san pakhat cu Geneva Bible lungkim lo mi a neih ruangah a si tiah an ti. An edit mi Geneva Bible in bulpak hman ding lam uar deuh in an tuah. Hi Geneva Bible hin siangpahrang thuneihnak a niamter tin a ruat ih, cui Bible cu, “A hrekkhat lawng a si…,a dik lo…, siangpahrang a do…” tiin a ko. F. F. Bruce in siangpahrang James in Geneva Bible  a duh lonak san cu hipawl ruangah a si a ti:
“ A duh lo mi ih lang hrilhfiah an tuah mi pathumpawl tla cu: Suah.1:19 note an tuah mi ah khan, Faraw in nausen mipapawl that dingih midwives thu a pek mi an el mi thu thawn pehparawin: ‘Thu an lun lonak cu a dik a si.....’ ti kha a duh lo mi a si. Siangpahrang thu lun lo kha a duh lo. 2Sph.9:33 note an tuah mi ah, Jezebel kha a tukvirh ihsin hlawnthlak ding ih Jehu-ih thu a pek mi “….mi palbet ih mi uktu siangpahrang  hmuahhmuah  parih Pathian thu`hennak zoh`him ding mi a si..” ti kha a duh lo. Cun Geneva Bible siartu mi hrekkhatpawl in 2San. 15:16 simfiangnak an ngan mi an siar tikah a thi zo mi a nu Scotland siangpahrang nu Mary kha cu vek mi a si ve tin an ruat pang ding ti a phang,” (Paul D. Wegner, The Journey from Texts to Translation, Baker Academic, Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1999. Cahmai 308).
Cui 1000 ngennak relkhawm dingin ni thum sung thurelkhawmnak khawmpi cu HAMPTON COURT ah January 1604 ah an nei. Cui khawmpi ah King James Bible suah dingih relcat a si. A thar ih Bible lehnak cu University zirhtupawl in an tuah pei ih, bishop-pawl in an zohsal ding, cule cumi cu siangpahrang in nemhnget dingih thusuah a si.
King James Version hi Siangpahrang thupek ih suah mi a si maw?
Hi thusuhnak hi Donald L. Brake in hitin a sang:
A tlangpi ih King James Vesion kawhnak hmin cu Authorized Bible (Thupek ih suah mi Bible) ti a si. Siangpahrang James I in hi Bible hi kawhhran hman dingah thu a pe ngaingai maw? Official taktak ih thupeknak capi taktak cu atu ah hmuh ding a um lo. Asinan siangpahrang James in Bible lettu ding pawl hril dingin le let ih tuahsuak vivo dingin thu a pe ti cu thufiang a si. King James Bible cu official rori ih let dingih thupeknak capi cu hmuh ding a um lo nan, siangpahrang-ih malsawm cu a um a si. Authorized Version tiih kawh hi a sualnak a um hrimhrim lo (Donald L. Brake, A Visual History of the King James Bible, BakerBooks, Michigan, 2011 cahmai 91).
          Siangpahrang James cu King James Bible let dingih lungkimtu le lettu ding tawlreltu ah nasa zetin a tel ih, a lettu ding kha laiih Pathian thuthiam maktara mi 54 hril mipawl cu a nemhnget. Bible leh an thawh taktak hlanah mi hrekkhat an thih ruangah le hnukkirawksalnak ruangah mi 47 lawng an hmin a lang. An hril mi lo khal hi Bible leh hnapi ah hin a tel khal an um ko. Bible lettupawl kha group pa ruk ah an `henaw. Group pahnih kha Westminster Abbey (London) ah an let ih, member 17 an si; a dang group pahnih kha Cambridge University ah an let ih, member 15 an si; a dang group pahnih kha Oxford University ah an let ih, member 15 thotho an si. Khaih Bible lettupawl an zaten Bible lam degree an nei `heh ih, an zate mi 47 lakah 39-pawl cun Doctor of Divinity degee ngah an si. Khaih san ih Doctor of Divinity Degee hi cu degree sang lawlaw le thiam lawlaw pawl an si.  An zaten pastor maw, thusimtu maw, theology zirhtu professor maw an si `heh. Mirang `awng ih Bible leh mi hi a tam zet thlang ih, KJV lettu tluk ih mithiam lawr `angkhawm hi a um nawn lo tiah Dr. David Sorenson cun a ti. Bible lettu ding Group ciar kha leh ding mi Bible bu an zemaw. 1604 cem lam in leh an thawk ih, 1608 ah draft an `heh. 1609 ah hril mi komi`ipawl cu Stationer’s Hall, London ah an tawngkhawmaw ih, thla 9 sung an leh mi a thawkin a cem tiang an zohsal. 1610-1611 ah Miles Smith le Thomas Bilson in nam dingin tiar tiang ko an tuahfel.
King James Bible an leh tikah thlun ding mi dan tuah mi tawkfang zet an nei. Thlun ding mi dan # 1-nak ah cun hi Bible revision tuahnak ah hin Bishops Bible( 1602) hman a si pei ti a si nan, dan # 14-nak ah cun Bible lettupawl kha leh mi Bible dangdang: Tindoll Bible, Matthew Bible, Coverdale Bible tivek tla Greek Text thawi a dik sawn, a milawk sawn a si ah cun hman sian a si. King James Version ah hin Bishops Bible hi zakhat ah pariat (8%) hrawng telih zum  a si. Thuthlung Hlun Hebru Bible Masoretic le Thuthlung Thar Greek Bible Receptus Text siarhsan/thlun in revision tuah le leh a si. Bible lettupawl in Latin Version pahnih (Arius Montanus in 1579 ih Antwerp Polyglot ih a print mi le Immanuel Tremellius ih 1579 ih print mi), Septuagint, Targums, Syriac Peshitta le Olivetan Frence Bible, Diodati Italian Bible, Spanish Bible pawl tla an zoh/rawn.
          An leh mi Bible sung thu `hen kha vawi li an zohnawnsal ih,  vawi 14 cekfelsal a si. Goup an `hen mi pakhat cio kha leh ding mi covo an peaw. A hmaisabikah group pakhat ih member pakhat cio khan an leh ding mi covo kha an let ciar. “Cui an covo an leh cio mi kha bung khat maw bung khat hnak tam maw kha a lettu in vawi tam pi a zohsal, a remsal, `ha a ti bik mi a thlen hlan lo…”(dan # 8).
Cutiih a rem`hatsal rero mi cu an group pi in an zohsal, an ceksal. “… an leh `heh tikah zohkhawm dingah an zaten hmun khatah an tawngkhawmaw pei ih, an group ih leh mi hi an duhtawkin a `ha a si ti thei ding tiangin an zoh pei,” (dan # 8).
Cutiih an zate tawngkhawmaw ih an zohtlang tik khalih har an ti mi cu “ ram sungih um mithiam hnenah zohfel, cek dingih kuat dingin thupek an si” (dan # 11). Cui dan an thlunzia cu KJV lettu lakih pakhat William Eyre, Fellow of Emmanuel College, Cambridge in, mino James Ussher, neta lamih Bible Scholar hung si hnenih ca a kuat mi ah a lang. Cui an cakuatawk mi sungah Bible lettu dingih official ih hril si mi Nicholson cun Dublin, Ireland ih um Ussher le Daniel pawl khal hi hnapi ih an telzia a langfiang. Group pakhat ih an leh `heh mi hmuahhmuah kha an cek dingah an hei kuat ih, William Eyre in Ussher hnenah khapawl kha in kuat thlang aw tiah a hei cah. Group dang pawl khal in kha tiih an tuah ve zum a um.
Bible lettu komi`i ih tel lo mithiam zetzet pawl khalin komi`ipawlih rawn le suh lo khalin an ruahdan bur ve dingih sawm an si(dan # 12).
Group khatin an leh dingih an covo an `hehfel tikah a dang group pangapawl hnenah cek thluh dingin an kuat (dan # 9). Cutin group tin ih an leh mi kha group dang pangapawl in an zohfelsal thluh. Cutiih an zohfel tikih thu harsa deuh le ruahsal `ulih an ruah mi cu an hminsin ih, netabik zohfel le remtu ding komi`i, member 12 um komi`i (group khat in an hotu bikbik 2 ciar), hnenah an ap ( dan # 10).
AN LEH MI ZIANG KHAL A MALBIK VEI 14 TAL AN CEKFELSAL. Bible lettu kha group paruk ah an `henaw ih, group khat ah mipum 7 in 10 an um. An leh mik kip hi vei 14 ceksal mi a um ih, vei 15, vei 17 an ceksal mi khal a um. Hebru Bible le Greek Bible hleiah Bible dangdang thawn an zohfelbet rero. An leh mi kha a dik maw dik lo ti an cek lawng si loin siar tikah ngai a nuam maw ti khal an cekfel. English thlum le mawi, siangpahrang hna khalih thlum le mawi ding mi `awngfang an hawl, an ruat.
KING JAMES BIBLE LETTUPAWL
A.  Thuthlung Hlun Lettu Group-pawl
               Westminster Abbey Group I:
               (Genesis ihsin 1Chronicles tiang lettupawl)
1.     Dr. Lancelot Andrews (1555-1626): Fellow of Pembroke College, Cambridage a si. Andrews hi a tlawngkai thawknak cu Free School le Merchant Taylors’ School ah a si ih, cu tawk ihsin khuahlan `awng (Anciant language) hi a zir nasa tuk zo ih, a thiamzia cu Pembroke Hall, Cambridge ih scholarship dintu Dr. Watt rori ih mitheih a si. Cui College ah B.A a zir ih, mithiambik ih hril a si. Master degree a zirbet ih, Divinity lam a zir ih, zirhtu thiambik hril mi lakah a tel. Andrews hi Pathian mi tuk tiih theih mi a si. Siangpahrang James khalih zah le upat zet mi a si. Andrews hi Queen Elizabeth-ih Chaplain a si, Dean of Westminster khal a si ih, netabikah Chichester Bishop a `uan. Thusim huham nei zet a si. A thusimnak ah Roman Catholic tam zet an piangthar. Andrews hi “Thusimtu langsar”( Star of the preachers) tiih kawh a si. Thusimtu no deuhpawl hin a thusimdan an cawng, a thusim mi an simsawng sin. Nitin nazi tam zetzet amahteih Bible siar le zir, thlacam nun nei tiih theih a si. A ruang vui khawmnak ah Dr. Buckeridge in Andrews minasa a sizia a simnak ah: “Latin, Grik, Hebru, Chaldee, Syriac le Arabic bak ah a dang `awng 15 a thiam bet,” tiah a sim.
2.     Dr. William Bedwell (1561-1632): Hi pa hi St. John’s College, Combraidge ih M.A degree ngah a si. Arabic `awng thiam lamih hminthang zet a si. England ram ih Arabic thiam bik an ti mi pa a si. Cambridge University hi a zirnak hmun bik a si. Mithiam, upat mi, mihminthang rura a si.
 3.     Dr. F. Burleigh, B.D. 1594, D.D 1607, Fellow of King James’ College, Chelsea.
 4.     Dr. Richard Clarke, D.D., Fellow of Christ’s College, Cambridge a si. Canterbury ih thusimtu paruk lakih pakhat a si. Zirsang, thusimthiam hminthang zet a si.
 5.     Prefessor Geoffre King: Cambridge University ih Hebru zirhtu a si.
 6.     Dr. John Layfield : Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge 1585 a si ih, Cambridage University ih Greek zirhtu 1593 a si. Insak lam/ architect lam hi a thiam zet ih, Biakbuk le Temple zingzawi le simfiang a thiam zet.
 7.     Dr. John Overrall (1560-1619), Fellow of Trinity and Master of St. Catherines’ College, Cambridge a si. 1596 ah Cambridge University in Doctor of Divinity a ngah. Dean of St. Paul’s le Coventry Bishop khal a si.
 8.     Dr. Anfrian Saravia (Hadrian a Saravia ti khalih kawh a si 1531-1613): Leyden University ih Theology zirhtu le Canterbury le Westminster ih Prebendary a si. Belgiam ram suak a si, Holland ih `hanglian a si. A Spanish `awng le Dutch `awng a thiamnak hi Bible lehnak ah a `hahnem zet. Hebru `awng le ca khal a thiam zet. Flanders le Holland ah pastor a rak `uan dah, Guernsey le Jersey ah missionary `uan in a feh. Cule evangegelist khal a `uan. ~awng dangdang khal a thiam, cathiam hminthang a si. Gloucester, Canterbury le Westminster ih prebendary khal a si.
 9.     Dr. Richard Teigh: Archdeacon of Middlesex, Rector of All Hallows a si. ~awng zirnak lam thiam ‘ linguist’ a si.
 10.             Richard Thomson, M.A., Fellow of Clare College, Cambridge, B.D. 1593. Mihminthang, mithiam a si. Italy, France le Germany lamah a lar zet.
 Cambridge Group I
( 2Chronicles in Song of Soloman tiang an let)
 1.     Dr. Roger Andrews, Fellow of Pembroke, Master of Jesus College, D.D., brother of Lancelot Andrews.
 2.     Professor Robert Byng (1574-1651), Fellow of Peterhouse, Cambridge le Hebrew professor a si.
 3.     Dr. Laurence Chaderton (1546-1640): Fellow of Christ’s College, D.D., Master of Emmanuel a si. Puritan a si ih, Pathian mi lawlaw tiih hminthang a si Roman Catholic ihsi thutak theih ruangih Puritan ih ding hnget a si. Latin, Greek le Hebrew a thiam lawlaw. Thusim thiam ti khalih hril a si. Bible lettu kawmi`i lak khalih hotu callang a si.
Kum 50 sung St. Clement’s, Cambridge ah sun hnuih lecture petu a si.
4.     Francis Dillingham (1625), Fellow of Christ’s College, Cambridge. M.A. 1590, B.D. 1599. Fuller in, “Hi pa hi `awng zirnak lam mithiam linguist le mithuel thiam zet a si,” a ti.
5.     Dr. Thomas Harrison (1555-1631), St. John’s College, Cambridge, B.A. 1576, Fellow, Tutor and Vice- Master of Trinity, D.D., Hebrew thiam lawr a si. Professor W.F.Moulton in History in the English Bible ti mi a cabu sungah Dr. Thomas Harrison hi Greek thiam tuk mi a si tiah a ti. Puritan mi, Pathian mi zet a si.
 6.     Edward Liveley (1545-1605), Trinity College, Cambridge, B.A. 1568, M.A. le Fellow 1572, Hebrew Professor 1575 mithiam sang a si. 1605 ah a thi.
 7.     Dr. John Richardson, Fellow of Emmanuel College, D.D., Theology Professor 1607, Master of Peterhouse and Trinity a si.
 8.     Prefessor Robert Spalding, Fellow of St. John’s College, Cambridge. Edward Liveley a thih tikah a aiawhtu, Hebrew Professor a si.
 Oxford Group Thuthlung Hlun Lettu Group
     (Isaiah ihsin Malakhi tiang an let )
1.     Dr. Richard Brett (1560-1637), Fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford, D.D., Latin, Greek, Hebrew, Chaldee, Arabic le Ethiopic `awng thiam hminthang a si.
2.     Richard Fairclowe, Fellow of New College, Oxford.
 3.     Dr. John Harding, Magdalen College President, Hebrew Profssor a si. Hi mi group hotu a si.
 4.     Dr. Thomas Holland, Oxford University ihsin B.A. 1570, M.A. 1575, B.D. 1582, D.D.1584, Master and Regius Professor of Divinity 1589 a si. Zirnak lamah hminthannak tampi a hmu, English Scholar lakih ngaisan lawng si loin, Europe ram ih University-pawl lak khalah hminthang a si. Pathian thuthiam, hrilfiah le sim thiam zet a si. Pathian duh zet, Pathian mi a si. A thih zawngih a thlacamnak ah, ‘ Ra aw, ra aw, Bawipa Jesu, Nang Zianglam Arsi! Ra aw, Bawipa Jesu; nangmah hnenih um ka duh a si!’ tiah a ti.
 5.     Dr. Richard Kilby (1561-1620), Lincoln College, Oxford, B.A. 1578, M.A. 1582, B.D. le D.D 1596 le Regius Professor of Hebrew 1610 a si.
 6.     Dr. John Reynolds(Rainolds; 1549-1607), Doctor of Divinity 1585, Regius Professor of Divinity, neta lamah Dean of Lincoln, Corpus Christi College President 1598 a si. Hampton Court Conference ah Puritan-pawl aiawhtu hotu a si ih, Bible a thar ih letsal dingih ngentu a si. Hebrew le Greek a thiam tuk, Bible a cinken theihzia hi khawruahharza a si. 1607 a thih tiang Profet cabupawl a let. A thih hlanah Oxfort University ih Bible lettupawl hi zarh khat vawi khat a mai umnak inn ah an leh mi khaikhinsal ding reltlang dingah an tawn aw `heu.
 7.     Dr. Miles Smith, M.A., D.D., Corpus Christi and Brasenose Colleges and Christ Church, Oxfort, Gloucester Bishop 1612. Bible lettupawlih thuhmaihruai mipi siar dingih ngantu khal a si. Hebrew thiam tuk a si ih, Chaldee, Syriac le Arabic khal amai tappi `awng tluk in a thiam. Bible lehnak a thawk ihsin a net tiang `an latu a si. Bible lettupawl in a netabik an cek thluh hnuah Bilson le Miles Smith te hin an ceksalbet.
 Thuthlung Thar Lettupawl
 (Oxford ih Thuthlung Thar Lettupawl in Thuthang`ah pali, Apostol
     cabu le Thuphuan an let)
 1.     Dr. George Abbot (1562-1633):  Balliol College, Oxford ah 1578 ah a zir thawk, Calvinism le Puritan hnget zet tiih theih a si.1593 ah B.D., 1597 ah D.D a ngah ih, cui kum thotho amai kum 35 ah Master of University College a si, a rei hlanah Chancellor ah a hung cang. Church of England ah sinak sang zet nei a si. 1609 ah Lichfield Bishop a hung si ih 1611 ah Canterbury Archbishop a si. Church of England sungih Puritan luban ih ruah a si. Bawipai Ni ih leknal tivek tuah siannak siangpahrang ih a than tik khalih do ngamtu a si.
 2.     Dr. Richard Eedes: Dean of Worcester.
 3.     Dr. John Harmar (1555-1563), M.A., New College, Oxford, Professor of Greek 1585, Headmaster of Winchester 1588, Warden of St. Mary’s College 1596. Latin le Greek thiam lawr pakhat a si.
 4.     Dr. John Perin, Fellow of St.John’s Colege, Oxford. Greek Professor a si.
 5.     Dr. Ralph Ravens, Fellow of St. John’s College.
 6.     Dr. Thomas Ravis (1650-1609), Christ Church, Oxford, B.A. 1578, M.A. 1581, B.D. 1589, D.D, Vice Chancellor 1597. Dean mi paruk Hampton Court Conference 1604 ih lakih pakhat a si. 1609 ah a thi.
 7.     Sir Henry Savile (1549-1622), Brasenose College, Oxford, Fellow of Merton College 1565 and Warden 1585, Provost of Eton 1596, Tutor to Queen Elizabeth I. Oxford University ih Mathematics le Mathematics scholarship dintu a si.
 8.     Dr. Giles Thompson: Dean of Windsor, Gloucester Bishop a si. Pathian thuthiam hminthang le thusimtu a si.
 Westminster Abbye ih Thuthlung Thar Lettupawl
             (Cakuatpawl  an let)
 1.     Dr. William Barlow: St. John’s College, Cambridge, B.A. 1583, M.A. 1587, Fellow of trinity 1590, B.D. 1594, D.D. Anih hi Hampton Court Conference ih Church of England lam aiawhtu a si. 1605 ah Rochester Bishop dinhmun a co. Hih dinhmun cotu lakih mino bik a sinan, cathiam thei bik, zamrang zetih thil zir thei bik tiih an ruah mi a si. Neta lamah Lincoln Bishop a si leh.
 2.     Professor William Dakins, Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, M.A. 1594, B.D. 1601, Trinity College ih Greek zirhtu le Gresham College ih Theology zirhtu 1604 a si.
 3.     Dr. Roger Fenton (1565-1616), Fellow of Pembroke College, Cambridge, D.D. Amai san ih thusim lamih hminthang zet a si. Bishop Felton in, “ Pembroke Hall ah Roger Fenton vekih zirthiam an um hrih lo,” tiah a ti.
 4.     Dr. Ralp Huchinson (1553-1606), St. John’s College, Oxford President a si. Oxford University ihsin B.A. 1574., M.A. 1578, B.D. 1596, D.D 1602 ah a ngah.
 5.     Michael Rabbett, St. Vedast, Foster lane Rector a si.
 6.     Dr. Thomas Danderson, All Hallows Rector a si.
 7.     Dr. John Spenser (1559-1614), Corpus Christi College, Oxford President a si.
 Group Pahnihnak Cambridge University ih Letpawl in Apocrypha an Let
1.     John Boys (Bois.. 1561-1644): Fellow of St. Jonh’s College, Cambridge, cu tawkah Greek a zirh. 1561 ah a suak, a nauhak lai ihsin `awng dangdang zir hi a paih zet. A kum 5- ah Hebrew ca a siar thei zo, kum 14 ah St. John’s College, Cambridge ah a lut. Cutawk Greek thiam tiin a hmin a thang. Greek zirhtu ah a rung cang. A dang sinak sang tampi a run `uan.
2.     Dr. William Branthwaite, Fellow of Emmanuel College, Deputy Margaret Professor of Divinity, neta lamah Master of Gonville and Cairus College.
 3.     Professor Andrew Downes (1549-1628): St. John’s College, Cambridge, B.A. 1567, Fellow 1571, M.A. 1574, B.D. 1582, Regius Professor of Greek 1585. Greek Professor kum 40 lai a `uan. Amai san ih Greek Professor `ha bik an ti mi pa  a si. Miles Smith thawn Bible lettupawl in an let `heh, an cek `heh hnu a netabik ceksal thluhtu an si.
 4.     Dr. John Duport, Jesus College, M.A. le Fellow before 1580, Master of Jesus College, `um li rori University Vice Chancellor.
 5.     Dr. Jeremiah Radcliffe, Fellow of Trintiy College, Cambridge.
 6.     Dr. Samuel ward, Fellow of King’s College, Cambridge, D.D., Chichester ih Prebendary a si.
 7.     Dr. T. Ward, Emmanuel College, Cambridge, D.D., Master of Sidney Sussex College and Lady Margaret Professor.
  Hi KJV lettupawl hi letsual thei lo, mifamkim an si tiin zokhal in an ti ngam lo ding, ziangahtile Pathian lawng thilsual tuah thei lo mifamkim a si ti cu zokhalih theih a si. Asinan KJV lettupawl hi mithiam lawr hril an si ih, an lehdan le an ngunngaihdan pawl hi rinsan tlak zet a si. Pathian malsawm ropi khal an leh mi Bible ih a rahsuah ah a lang.
 KJV Namsuah Hmaisa lampawl
Kum 5 sung an leh hnuih an `heh mi cu 1611 ah cahmai 1500 codex. Letmah 3 sah, phek tin letmah 10.5 by 16.5 in a langsuak. Cumi cu siangpahrang James hnenah:
“Siangpahrang thupek vekin Holy Bible, Thuthlung Hlun le Thuthlung Thar kim: A thar in `awng hrampi ih leh mi le leh hmaisa mipawl thawi `ha zetih `him le rem mi, Kawhhran hmuahhmuah ih siar dingih ruat a si.”
                   tiih ngan mi thawi hlan a si.
          Hi Bible leh thar hi mipi lam ihsin ngennak a nasa tuk ih bu thawngkul (20000) suah thei lohli dingin canamnak pahnih hman a si, ziangahtile canamnak pakhat in bu kha zatzat suah theinak lamzin a um lo. Hmun hnih ih namsuah mi KJV thu MacGregor in hitin a simfiang: “A hmun hnih in an `ha(standard) veve,  asinan cahnah tin ah bangawk lonak a um ih, hi te pahnih karlakah danglamnak tampi a um,” tiah a ti.
Hmun hnih ih print mi KJV veve hi danglamnak a tam zet. ~himnakah Ruth 3:15 hi pakhat sawn cun, “ he measured six measures of barley, and laid it on her: and hee(Boaz) went into the city” tiin a um ih, pakhat sawn ah cun,              “she(Ruth) went into the city,” tiin a um ve thung. Curuangah hi hmun hnih ih namsuah mi KJV hi “the Great He Bible” tiin le pakhat sawn kha “ the Great She Bible,” tiin an ko `heu. “The Great He Bible” khan Mat. 26:36 ih “ then cometh Judas” ti ding kha “then cometh Jesus” tiih namsual a si. The “Great She Bible” malte a zia um deuh ti a si. Exo. 14:10 ta kha vawi 20 lai a nawlhsal. Kha tiih namsual mi tete kha lehhnu lam tiangin an run rem vivo. 1613 ih KJV an suahsal tikah a hmaisabik ta thaw hin hmun 300 hnak tamah a bangaw nawn lo ti a si. An namsual mi `awngfang tete ruangah hmin `ha lo zetzet tla an sak hngehnge.
1611 print mi ah Mawsi thupek pasarihnak ah khan “thou shalt commit dultery” tiih namsual a si ih, a namtupawl kha archbishop in pound 300 a cawh hai. Curuangah the Wicked Bible ti ih kawh a hlawh.
1653 print mi ah 1Kor. 6:9 ah “the unrighteous shall inherit the earth” tiin “righteousness” ti ding kha an namsual. Curuangah “the unrighteous Bible” tiah an kawh phah.
1702 print mi ah “Printers have persecuted me” tiin Sam 119:161 kha Princes ti ding kha an rak print sual. Curuangah“the Scribes’ Bible” tiih kawh a si.
1717 print mi ah an namsual mi a um hnuaihni ti a si. Luke 20-nak ih “The parable of the Vinegar” tiin “Vineyard” ti ding kha an namsual ruangah The Vinegar Bible tiah an ko.
1795 print mi ah Mark 7:27 ih “Let the children first be killed’’ tiin “filled” ti ding kha an namsual. Curuangah the Murderer’s Bible an ti.
1805 Print mi ah – Cambaridge University Press ih nam mi a si. Proof reading tuahtupawlih hminsinnak anmai hrangih an ngan mi “to remain” ti kha Gal. 4:29 ah “him that was born after the Spirit to remain,” tiih print a si. Cui print sual mi cu 1806 le 1819 ih an print-nak khalah an rak telh pang lala.
          A.D.1611 ih KJV print hmaisabik mi ah Puritan-pawl in an do nasa nan, Apocrypha a tel. Cutiih do nasa tuk an um ruangah 1616 ah Archbishop Abbot in KJV namtu zokhal in Apocrypha tel loih namtu pohpoh cu kum khat thawngthlak ding a si tiah thu a suah. British and Foreign Bible Society in KJV an nam tikah Apocrypha an telh nawn lo.
  ZIANGRUANGAH KJV 1611 AH APOCRYPHA A TEL?
           KJV hlanih Bible lettupawl in Apocrypha hi an telh. Ziangtin elawknak um mi,hnawn mi hi Apocrypha cabupawl hi Bible leh thar miih teklh an si thei? Siangpahrang James amah rori ih a ngan mi ca ihsin Apocrypha a pawm lo thu a fiang zet. Sikhalsehla, Anglican Archbishop Richard Bancrof in Puritan-pawl in an do ko na cing le siangpahrang James a lungkim lo na cingin Apocrypha kha telh dingin thutluknak a rak tuah. Ziangah Apocrypha telh an duh lo tile Pathian thawtkhum miih pawm/ruah an si lo, Canon ih tahtling mi Bible cabupawl an leh vek khalin fumfe zet, strict zetin an let lo( Dr. Donald L. Braker with Shelly Beach, A visual History of the King James Bible, BakerBooks, Grand Rapids, Michigan, 2011, p. 147)
          KJV lettupawl in Apocrypha hi Pathian thawtkhum mi a si ti an pawm lo. KJV ttheh hnu Westminster Confession of Faith (1643-1648) ah Pathian mipawl in Apocrypha hi Pathian ttawngkam tin an pawm lo. Scrivener in, “Apocryhpa hi KJV 1611 remtu le an hlan ih ttuantupawlih ngunngaihnak a tawng lo ti cu Bible scholar-pawlih theih cio a si. Apocrypha hi thleng le rem ciamco loin Coverdale in A.D.1536 ih Bible hrangih a tuah mi vekin a si thotho,” tiah a ti. A.D.1640 lawngah Geneva Bible ihsin Apocrypha lakhloh a si. Kum zabi 19 hrawng lawngin a si Apocrypha  hiProtestant  Bible-pawl ihsi lakhloh a si(Jeffrey Khoo, Non-Rumanite Answer,p.14). An telhnak san cu thuanthu sunsaknak men ruangah a si.
King James Bible Mipi ih Pawmnak
KJV cu a tling mi Bible tiih pawm a si ko nan, kum 50 tiang hrawng cu Geneva Bible hmangtu ziangmawzat an um lai. 1631 ah Bishop Laud in Geveva Bible suah nawn lo dingin thu a suah. KJV hi vawi tamtuk an namsalnak ihsi hin mipi pawm tuk mi a sizia a langter. The British and Foreign Bible Society pawlih an thuanthu cabu Historical Catalogue ti mi ah 1611-1644 karlakah KJV hi vawi 182 nam a si ih, Geneva Bible cu vawi 15 lawng nam a si tiin a um.
Cutiih KJV hlir hman a si laiah KJV ngaisang lotu khal cu an um ve. Ram thar hawltu prilgrim pawl in ram thar an hmuh mi ah Geneva Bible an keng ve thung, KJV hi siangpahrangpawlih thuneihnak a uar deuhaw tiin an hnawng ve.
Dr. Hugh Broughton, mithiam hminthang zet si ve mi, KJV lettu dingih hril ve lo, a thintawi tuk ruangah a si men ding tiih zum, pa hin KJV hi a do zet. Geneva Bible hi a rem rero ih a `heh hlan 1612 ah a thi hngehnge.
KJV hin dotu tete cu a run nei ve vivo nan, nehnak a co vivo tiah Dr. S.L. Greenslade cun a ti. KJV ih hman mi mirang `awngfang hi theih a har, khuahlan English a si tiih donak a um.
KJV ~hangso dingih Zuamnak
KJV hi 1611 ih an nam hmaisabik vek si nawn loih remnak a tam zet thlang. A bik takin English `awngkam hman mi a dang vivo, English Calai a thlengawk vivo vekin rem`hat vivo tumnak nasa zet a um `heu.
-Broughton in KJV nam hmaisabik 1611 hin famkimlonak a nei tam zet ih, remsal a `ul a ti ih 1629 ah revision tuah a si.
-1638 khal ah revision tuahsal a si lala.
-1653 ah revision tuah dingin komi`i in revision tuahsal ding a tum lawk nan, tuahsuak a si lo lala.
-1729 ah Daniel Mace in Greek Bible cu khat lam phek ih amai rem mi KJV thawn a suah.
- 1768 ah Johnn Wesley in KJV hi a revise ve ih, hmun thawng hleihnih lai a danglamter ti a si.
-1762 ah Cambridage Bible of the Authorized Version tiin Dr. Thomas Paris in `anla nasa zetin a edit ih, a rem, spelling pawl a rem, simfiangnak 360 lai tla ngan a si. Cucu standard edition ah a hung cang.
-1768 ah Edward Harwood in duhtawk ih zalen zetih Bible lehdan in nasa ngaingai in KJV hi a rem. Bawipai thlacam khal Greek Bible ta hnakin a let thum sau in a let. Hi pai thilti mi hi mipi in an pawm lo nasa.
-1769 ah Dr. Benjamin Blayney, Regius Professor of Hebrew at Oxford, in KJV hi a revise lehsal ih, rih lam tahnak, tahnak phunphun, paisa tivek felfai zetin a tuah. E.J. Goodspeed in hi tifelnak KJV hi 1611 thawn thawng sawmsarih le thawng nga (75000) laiah a bangaw nawn lo tiah a ti. Asinan a sung thu pipa thlengnak cu a um lo, thil fate te, spelling, punctuation, hmin, tahnak tivek an si. Cui KJV cu Oxford Standard Edition tiih theih mi tui ni ih kan hman zet mi hi a si.
KJV Faknakpawl
David Cloud in KJV hi Hebrew le Greek zohfel ih leh mi a si ih, English `awngkam an hman mi hi tluk rual a si lo. “ The Miracle of English Prose” tiih kawh mi a si. English `awngkam mawi tuk a si tinak a si.
Dr. Leland Ryken, Wheaton College ih English Professor, ih cabu “The Word of God in English: Criteria for Excellence in Bible Translation”( Wheaton: Crossway Book, 2002) sungah KJV a mawizia, upat tlak a sizia, huham a neihzia a faknak pawl amai ngandan cekci in mal lai tarlang hnik sehla:
-“ peerless literary masterpiece” (p. 270)
- “unquestionably the most beautiful book in the world” (p. 267)
“the noblest monument of English prose” (p. 258)
“Incomparably the best English translation in its rhythm” (p. 259)
“when it comes to stylistic range anf flexibility, the King James Bible is     peerless (p.227)
“the touchstone of effective power” (p. 206)
“Matchless in its literary qualities among all English translations” (p.188)
“The supremely literally English translation” (p 163)
“Immseasurebly superior” ( p 163)
“The touchstone of literary excellent” (p.62)
“Stylisticall the greatest English Bible translation ever produced” (p 51)
Roman Catholic pawl khalih hua le do zet cingin KJV hi an fak thotho.
Alexander Geddes: “Bible `habik a si,” ( Excellent Version, the most excellent) a ti ve.
Frederick William Faber: English mawi tuk Protsetant pawlih Bible hi hna ah awnmawi vekin, kawhhran darawn vekin hngilh theih loin a cam ringring….
Jonathan Swift, 1712: Kan Bible in lehsaktupawl hi English hmandan style hrimhrim hi an thiam tuk…
Adam Clark, 1810:  “Zurup ram ih `awng dangdang ih leh mi Bible `awng hrampi thawi khaikhintupawl cun siangpahrang James I kaihhruainak hnuaiih leh mi Bible hi a `habik in a rinum bik a si an ti cio….”
William Muri, Our Grand Old Bible, 1911: “KJV in kan sakhua le kan calai a ciahnehdan hi cu rel uar luan tuk ti a um thei lo ding….”
Sir Arthur Quiller-Couch: Sawiseltu scholar a si, 1913: “ KJV ih lamzin hi ding zetin  a hlanih Bible lettupawl, hminsin tlak zet William Tyndale tivek pawl in, an rak tuahsak cia ti ka lo sim ngam a si. Tyndale cu midik, rinsan tlak, mithiam a si ih, a hlanih Wycliffe khal midik, mithiam, rinsan tlak a si. KJV lettu mi 54 pawl in Tyndale ih leh mi Bible sirhsan ah hmangin an let. An lehdan, an `uandan zingzawi tikah rinsan tlak hrimhrim a si. KJV hi khawruahharza Bible a si tiah ka ti duh a si. Kan University ah English text book hrangah cabu bu thum ka hril ding asile, King James Bible, Shakespear le Homer ka hril ding….”
John Livingston Lowes (1867-1945): Amerikan Scholar of Literature, 1936 a si. King James Bible cu “ The Noblest Monument of English Prose,” a si tiah a ti.
Arthur Clutton-Brock, essayist, critic, and journalist, 1938 pa in, “The Authorized Version of the Bible is a piece of literature WITHOUT ANY PARALLEL IN MODERN TIMES,” tiah a ti.
Henry Louis Mencken (1880-1956): Thuthangca suahtu hminthangbik, cabu faksel thiam, politic lam thu rel thiam zet a si. Cu pa in, “Bible leh mi hmuahhmuah lakih a `awng fehdan, a ca hrimhrim khalah a mawibik, Leilung tlunih cangan mi hmuahhmuah lak khalah a mawibik a si men ding…..”
Jonathan Yardley, Washington Post: “ The King James Bible is THE GREATEST WORK EVER WRITTEN IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE PERIOD.”
David Daniell, 2003: “ Thuanthu lam ihsi kan zoh tikah khaikhin ci si lo khawpih King James Bible a dam rei zia, mi a nehzia hi cu thil mak rori a si. Kan umnak Leilungpi thuanthu ah KJV ih  mi a nehzia hi tuak theih a si lo. An `awngkam hman mipawl tla hi a thlumzia a cuai thei lo…..”
King James Version hi English `awng hmang mi thawng tampi ih duh le ngaisan a si. San thar Bible Mirang `awng in a suak ciamco thlang ih, kum 100 lenglo a si thlang. San thar Bible kan ti mi hi Critical Greek Text thlun ih leh mipawl tinak a si. Cuticing khalin 1990 tiang ah cun KJV hi an zuar khawng bik mi a si lai thotho.
1994 ih an suah mi The King James Bible Word Book ti miih an ngan mi ah: “KJV hi Bible Version dang hnakin kum tin zuar tam bik a si,” tiah an ngan.
David Cloud in, “1995 ah Bible namtu lakih cakbik Thomas Nelson Publishers pawl hnenah ziang English version hi zuar khawng cakbik a si? tiah ka suat hai ih, USA ah cun KJV hi a si,” tiah in let tiah a ti.( David Cloud, The Glorious History of the king James Bible, cahmai- 193).
1995 ih zingzawinak ah Amerikan mi zate zikte in Bible version pakhat tal cu an nei ih, cumi lakah pathum ah pahnih cu KJV a si tiah Thomas Holland in a ngan( Thomas Holland, Crowned with Glory, cahmai-7).
King James Bible in Leitlun Pumpi a Nehzia
England ram khi KJV suahnak a si bangin, KJV hin a ciahneh zet, thlarau lam rem`hatnak a suakter ih, leitlun hmun kipih missionary thlahtu ah a cangter.
King James Bible hi Amerika Ram dinsuahnak khalah nasa zetih hman a si ih, a rampi thlarau lam mitvangtertu khal a si. Amerika Ram hi England le Zurup ram lam ihsi tiduhdahnak ruangih tlanpawl in sakhua zalennak dingih Bible zumtupawlih dinsuah mi a si. King James Bible hi Amerika Ram dintupawl nasa zetih ciahnehtu le kawhhran thawngza tampi khal KJV parih rak din, nun felfainak lam le thlarau lam nun khal KJV parih rak din mi a si.
King James Bible hi English `awng hmangpawl lakah kh nasa zetin a lut. An hman mi `awngkampawl tla hi KJV Bible rori ta hman a tam zet. English `awng ih `awngtupawl in King James Bible ihsi ra mi a si ti thei loin an `awngsuak mi a tam zet.
King James Bible `awngkam hrekkhat English `awngih hman mi mallai tarlang hnik sehla: “ lick the dust,” land of the living,” “for strength to strength,” “ pride goeth before a fall,” “ the skin of his teeth,” “ a thorn in the flesh,” “ salt of the earth,” “ fight the good fight,” ‘ turn the other check,” “ the pride of life,” “labour of love,” “ root of all evil,” “ a soft answer,” “ the fat of the land,” “ a land of milk and honey,” tipawl hi King James Bible ihsi ra `awng mawi zetzet an si.
King James Bible hin kum zabi 17 ihsin 20 tiang missionary cangvaihnak ah nasa zetin hmun a la. English missionary-pawl zate deuh thaw in kum zathum le a hrek lenglo cu KJV rori hi an hman mi a rak si. Leitlun hmun i kipih thuthang`ha an simnak ah KJV hi an hmang. Ram tampi ah tla cun missionary an va `uannak ram ih Bible an leh tikah KJV thlun in an let.
Kum zabi 21-nak khalah leitlun hmun zakip ih kawhhran thangza tampi in le missionary thawng tampi in KJV hi an rak hmang. Ram dang `awngih Bible lehnak khalah KJV hmangtu an rak tam lai thotho. Tu baite ah KJV thlun in Korea `awng, Nepali, Thai, Manipuri, Simte, Paite, Dorlong, Falam, Hakha, Matu, Mizo, Tedim, Zotung, Buakkhaw le `awng dang tampi ih leh rero a si.
King James Bible English Bible Lakih a ~habik a si hrihnak san David Cloud in  a san 9 a hnuai lam vekin a rel:
King James Bible hin famkimlonak cu a nei ve ko nan, English Version lakah a `ha bik a si hrih thotho. Kum 400 lai upa KJV hi a dang English Bible pawl hnakih `ha a sinak sanpawl tla cu:
1.     KJV lettupawl hi anmai san ih tluk lo Hebrew, Greek le Bible lehnak ih `ul mi `awng thiam cungcuang an si.
2.     KJV lettupawl hi Pathian mi taktak, Cathianghlim hi Pathian thawtkhum mi a si ti zumtu hlir an si.
3.     A English hrimhrim hi kha laiih English mawi le thlum nasa ngaingai ih an hawlsuah mi a si.
4.     KJV hi rinsan a tlak mi Greek Bible Received Text/TR thlunih leh mi a si. Critical Text/TC thlun a si lo.
5.     An lehdan khal hi hrilhfiah zawng si loin, cangfang ih a duhsan rori vekih lehdan an hmang (Word for Word translation method).
6.     English `awngkam an hman mipawl hi Pathian Bible `awngkam hrangih a tling mi le a mawi mi hawlih tuah a si.
7.     English Bible hmuahhmuah lakah KJV hi kawhhran rem`hatnak ih hman mi Bible umsun a rak si.
8.     Thlarau lamih kan palepawl tampi cu King James Bible hi Pathian `awngkam tiin an zah, an upat ih, cumi hrangah cun tuar le thih khal an ngam, an nun an thap ngam.
9.     English `awng hmang mipawl lakih khuahlan ihsi hman mi Pathian `awngkam tiih pawm mi Bible a si.
KING JAMES BIBLE THU IH THUSUHNAK HREKKHAT SIMFIANGNAK
THUSUHNAK: King James Bible hi let dingih thupek (Authorized)                                           
                                  ngaingai a si maw?                                                        
SANNAK:  Hi thusuhnak hi KJV dotu/huatu pawl in nasa zet le `awngkam mawi lo zetzet tiang hmang ih an el mi a si. Siangpahrang in let uh tiih thu a peknak official ca document hmuh a si lonak san pakhat cu Privy Council A.D.1600-1613 ih an ca/document hmuahhmuah hi A.D.1619 ih meikang in a kangral `heh (David Cloud, The glorious History of the KING JAMES BIBLE, Way of Life Literature, 2006 – cahmai 203).
Siangpahrang James ih thupek ih leh mi a si ti theinak san pali a hnuaiah tarlang sehla:
(1) Hampton Court Conference 1604 ah Siangpahrang James I in Biakinn kipih hman ding Bible leh thar mi nemhnget dingin thutitluknak a tuah. A cui thutitluknak cu Siangpahrang thupeknak le fimkhur zetih kilkhawinak ih suah a si. William Barlow-ih Hampton Court conference report a ngannak ah (Barlow hi KJV lettu lakih pakhat a si ih, 1604 ih an neih mi Hampton Court ih tel ve mi a si) thutitluknak cu Bible thar leh ding lawng si loin, “a siangpahrang thuneihnak hmang ih lungkimnak tuah ding, cule a kawhhran pumpi cu cui Bible lawng hmang ding, a dang hmang lo ding,” ti mi a tarlang (Barlow, The Sum and Substance of the Conference, reprinted in Alfred Pollard, Records of the English Bible, cahmai. 46,47). Barlow-ih report ngan mi cu siangpahrang nemhngehnak in a namsuak.
(2) England Siangpahrang in KJV a hramthawk ihsin copyright a nei.
(3) King James Bible nam hmaisabik mi thutlangpi ngan mi cahmai ah,
     “ Biakinn kip ih siar dingih ruat a si,” ti a cuang.
(4) Siangpahrang in 1616 ah King James Bible lawng England ah print ding   
          a si tiah thu a pe.
      (David Cloud, The glorious History of the KING JAMES BIBLE,   
               Way    of Life Literature, 2006 – cahmai 203-204).
 Khaikhawm hnik sehla, KJV cu Siangpahrang thupeknak ih semsuak a si, England Siangpahrang thuneihnak hmang ih namsuah a si ih, Biakinn  hmuahhmuah ih siar dingih ruat a si fawn. “Cutiasile thupek dang a `ul bet nawn lem mawsi? Kha tluk kha cu siangpahrang thupek ti a theih ko lo sawm?” tiah David Cloud cun a ti.
THUSUHNAK:  King James Bible hi copyrighted a si maw?
SANNAK: King James Bible cu British Lallukhum thuneihnak hnuaiih suah a si ih, England lallukhum in neitu sinak a nei le copyrighted a nei.
British acozah in namsuah a si dingin thuneihnak a nei lai atu khalah. Oxford University le Cambridge khalin copyright an nei ve.
Asinan United Kingdom leng ah cun copright a um ve lo thung. USA khalah an duhduh in an print rero men.

THUSUHNAKSiangpahrang James hi homosexual(tawkahur) a si maw?
SANNAK:  Siangpahrang James hi homosexual (tawka hur) a si tiih puhnak hi `ha tei a thuhla zingzawi a `ul. A huatupawlih puhnak men a si a zum um. A taktak ah cun Siangpahrang James hin fate 8 a nei. A nupi hnenah a duhdawtnak ca a kuat `heu, a nupi thawi umtlang hi nuam a ti zet. “Nuam zetih ittlang `heu…” ti tla a cakuat pakhat ah a telh hngehnge( Gustavus Paine, The Men Behind the King James Vewrsion, P.4).
A fapa Henry hrangah James in cabu a ngan mi (A King’s Gift) ah nunau-mipawl pawlawknak thu ih thianhlim athupitzia hitin a ngan:  
“Malsawm hrampi cu Pathian ngaihsak le nupi `ha`hum na neih mi parah a `humaw…na titsa ih titsa, na ruhih ruh a si bangin..neihawknak hi leilung tlunih a nuam bik mi a si (cahmai 43)
Na nupi hnenih na taksa na hlna tikah thianghlim shla, bawrhhlawh hlah seh. Na taksa a bawrhhlawh a si ah cun ziangtin na nupi virgin(him) hnenah na kawp thei ding(cahmai 44).
Nupi na neih tikah Pathian hnenah thutiamkam tuah aw(cahmai 45).
Fihnungza a si mi uiretnak kha hrial aw. Nan neihawk laiih Pathian hnenih nan thukamawknak kha cing ringring aw” (cahmai 54).
Siang James in homosexual (tawkahurnak) hi langfiang zet a do thu a ngan.
“Ahleicein nunau vekih umnak hi hrial aw” (Basilikon Doron, cahmai 46)
“ Thil tisual ngaidam lo ding mipawl tla cu, khawsia thawi hna`uan, mithat  hrim, pa le fa tivek neihawknak, sodom sualnak tivek..”(cahmai 48)
   Siangpahrang James homosexual a si tiih puhnak hi Siangpahrang dotupawl an si ih, a thih hnu lawngih thusuak mi a si. Stephen A. Coston, Sr. ih ngan mi “King James I Unjustly Accused” ti mi cabu sungah Siangpahrang James tawka hur a si tiih puhnak hi cu thuphan a si ti fiangten a um(KONIGSWORT Inc., St. Petersburg, FL.,1996). Hi tiih puh hmaisabiktu hiAnthony Welden a si, amah hi a office ihsin Siangpahrang James in politic tu ruangih a dawi mi a si, phuba ka sam leh ding tiah thu a tiamta. Welden cun Siangpahrang James lawng a hua lo, Scottish mi hmuahhmuah hi a hua.
Siangpahrang san ah hin homosexual hi a common lo nasa. King James hi homosexual a si lo ti hi kan zum hnget. Mi`ha famkim a si tinak cu a si lo. Acozah kawhhran(State Church) thu lung lo Baptist tampi le Khristian dangdang kha a tiduhdah. England ih mi pahnih nung laiih an urthat mi khal King James ih  auk laiah a si. Mi tampi Bible an zumnak ruangah thawng sia zet ah an thlak ih, an nunnak a cem lanta. King James uk laiah Puritan tampi England ihsin an tlan ih, Amerika lamah an feh 1607, cucu Pilgrims pawl in an thlun 1620.
Athupi mi cu Siangpahrang James I ih ziaza le nuncan hi King James Bible thawn sungmuril thuthawn pehparhawknak a um lo. Bible let dingin a loung a kim, thu a pe ko nan, alettu ah a tel lo, lehdan ding dan khal a tuah lo, sumpai khalin a `anpi lo.
THUSUHNAK: King James Version hi an revise rero ih hmun thawng tampi ah thleng a si maw?
SANNAK: Thleng mi thawng tampi a rak um ngai, asinan thil tenau tete an si. Bible namtupawlih namsual mi, canamnak cet ha remnak, spelling thlengnak ti vek tete an si. Cutiih remnak British KJV namtupawl in an tuah.
1613 -1639 karlakah KJV an namnak ih tisual mi rem`hatnak(revision) an tuah. Rem`hatu lakah Samuel Ward le John Bois ( KJV lettu ah an tel veve) an tel.“ KJV nam hmaisabik ah printing press tisual mi a tam zet, netaih Siangpahrang Charles I in Dr. Ward le Mr. Bois ih rem mi( cathiam zetzet Dr. Thomas Goad, Mr. Mede le mithiam dangdang khalin an bawm) Cambridge ah 1638 ih a print-sal tik khalah a sual mi a tam thotho. Leh sual mi si loin, cafang sual tivek khi an si( Alexander McClure, The Translators Revived, 1855). Cambridge University in rem`hat mi cu 1629 le 1638 ah an namsal lala.
1762-1769 karlakah a dang rem`hatnak tuahsal a si. Cui `um khalah canamtupawl ih tisual mi tete remsalnak, spelling rem`hatsalnak/spelling tidanglamnak, italics pawl si she, cang reference-pawl si she, simfiangnak note tete si she tuah a si. A Bible bu khal malte an tumter deuh ih, cangkang deuh ih tuah a si. Cui rem`hatnak cu Cambridage ih Dr. F.S. Paris in 1762 ah a thawk ih, Oxford University ih Dr. Benjamin Blayney in 1769 ah a `heh(“ The edition in folio and quarto, revised and corrected with very great care by Benjamin Blayney, D.D., under the direction of the vice-Chancellor of Oxford, and the Delegates of the Clarendon Press, in 1769) ( Alexander McClure, The Revision Revised, 1855). Hi rem`hanak ah hin Oxford University le Cambridge University ih 1611 le 1701 ih an namsuah mi zohkhawm, khaikhin tahratih rem a si.
KJV remsalnak an tuah ah hin thil tenau tete rem a si ringring.
Canamtupawlih tisual mi rem a si:
Kum 28 sungih rem`hatsalnak an tuah tinteih an rembik mi a si. Malten tar lang hnik sehla:
Sam 69:32—“seek good” tiih 1611 ih namsual mi kha 1617 ah “seek God” tiih rem`hat a si.
Thusimtu 1:5—“the place” tiih 1611 ih namsual mi kha 1617 ah “ his place” tiih rem`hatsal a si.
Mat. 6:3—“thy right doeth” tiih 1611 ih namsual mi kha “thy right hand doeth” tiin 1617 ah rem`hatsal a si.
Italic/ a sir te ih ngan mi an tuahnak hin KJV a mawiter sinsin.
Italic te ih an tuah mi kha a `awng hrampi Hebrew le Greek ih um lo, a sullam cu sisi, kha mi telh lo cun sullam langsuak thei si lo, Bible lettupawl ih an bet mi a si. Bet mi a si ti langfiangternak an tuah mi hin KJV a man a khungter sinsin.
Spelling le punctuation rem`hat a si.
        ~himnakah khuahlan English ah cun verb hnuah “e” a um (feare, blinde, sinne, borne tivekin), “f ” hi `awngfang netabik siar lo ah cun “s” hi an hmang (`himnakah “also” ti ding kha “alfo” tiin), cun “u” hi “v” aiah an hmang (evil ti ding kha euil tiin). 1611 ih KJV ah 1Kor. 14:9 hi hitiih ngan a si: “So likewise you, except ye vteer by the tongue words easier to be vnderstood, how shall it be knowen whast is spoken? For ye shall speak into the aire.” Genesis 1:1-2 kha hitiih ngan a si: “In the beginning God created the Heauen, and the Earth. And the earth was without forme, and voyd, and darkenesse was vpon the face of the deepe: and the Spirit of God mooued vpon the face of the waters.”
Cafang tum hi 1611 KJV ah cun hman tam zet a si ih, neta ih rem mi ah cun cafang fate ih thlengnak a tam zet.
Thimnakah Altar, Ark, Court, Hanging, Mercy-seat, Noble, Priest, Sabbath, Statutes, Tabenacle, Cedar-wood…
Simfiangnak note tete le Bible cang ference hi bet a si. Cuvek khal cu mihrek in KJV an rem tiah an ti mi ah a tel. Ceimawi vivo a si sawn.
Dr. D.A.Waite, Th.D.,Ph.D., Bible For Today dintu pa in 1611 KJV le tulai ih hman bik mi Scofield Bible ih an hman mi Oxford ih 1917 ih print mi KJV a khaikhin thluh. A bangaw lo mi hmuahhmuah, an thleng mi hmuahhmuah a siar thluh, a hminsin `heh. Thlengaw tambik cu spelling a si(`himnakah, “blinde” ti kha “blind” ah tivek phun), thil thupi an si lo ruangah kha vek kha cu a siar tel lo. King James Bible ah `awngfang zaten 791328 (words) a um ih, cumi lakah awsuah danglam thei mi thlengaw mi 1095 lai a hmu. ~himnakah “towards” ti kha “toward” tiin, “burnt” kha“burned” tiin, “amongst” ti kha “among” tiin, “lift up” ti kha “lifted up” tiin, “you” kha “ye” tiin thleng an si. A taktak ah cun hiti vekih thleng mi khal hi thil thupipa cu an si lo, pawi khawih thei mi a nei lo.
Dr. Waite in 1611 KJV le tu laiih hmanbik mi 1917 KJV a khaikhin tikah hmun 136 ah tidanglam mi, pawi khawih thei mi a hmu. Cupawl cu 1611 hmaisabik hnu kum 28 sungah Bible namtupawlih tisual mi an rem canah an thlengsal thluh.
Dr. Waite in KJV 1611 le KJV 1917 a khaikhin tikih bangaw lo a hmuh mi 136 thleng mi cu 1769 ih rem`hatsal `umih tuah a si, a tamsawn cu namsual(printing error) an si.
1Sam. 16:12.. “requite good” ti kha “requite me good” tiin,
Esther 1:8..“for the king” ti kha “for so the king” tiin
Isai. 47:6..“the” ti kha “thy” tiin,
Isai. 49:13..“God” ti kha ”Lord” tiin
Isai. 57:8..“made” ti kha “made thee ” tiin
Ezk. 3:11 ..“the people” ti kha “the children of thy people” tiin
Nahum 3:17..“the crown” ti kha “thy crown” tiin
Acts 8:32..“shearer” ti kha “his shearer” tiin
Acts 16:1..“which was a Jew” ti kha “which was a Jewess” tiin
1Pet. 2:5..“sacrifice” ti kha “sacrifieces” tiin
Jude 25.. “now and ever” ti kha “both now and ever” tiin thleng an si.
New King James Version(1982 hi Ziang a si?
Leilung tlunih Bible tambik namsuaktu Thomas Nelson Corporation President Sam Moore in Amerikan mipi tawmsawn hin King James Bible hi an duhbik tiin a hmu ih, KJV hi tulai English ih rem dingin thurawn a tuah. KJV hi khuahlan English a si ruangah theih a har ih tulai English hmangin KJV ih an leh mi Greek le Hebrew hmang tho siin le an lehdan thlun tho siin mithiampawlih tawlrel mi a si. NKJV cu KJV an rem net 1769 ihsin a hmaisabik remsalnak a si ih, KJV remnak zate cun a vawi ngannak a si tiih phuan a si.
Hi NKJV lehnak ah hin Evangelical mithiam 130 hnak tam telih rel a si(Paul D. Wegner, The Jouney from Texts to Translations, The Origin and
      Development of the Bible, Baker Academic, 1999). Thuthlung Thar lehnak ih Executive Director cu Dr. Arthur Farstad( Dallas Theological Seminary) le Thuthlung Hlun lehnak ih Executive Director cu a thawkah Dr. William White a si ih, neta lamah Dr. James D. Price 9Temple Baptist Theological Seminary) a si. Alettupawl in anmai leh mi Bible bu cio hi anmahten an let ih, an `heh tikah an Executive Director hnenah an ap. An leh `heh mi pohpoh cu English Editor William H. McDowell hnenah gramma, calai mawidan, siar nuam a si lo si lo tipawl cek dingin an ap. Anetabik zohfel/cekfelnak cu komi`i dang in an tuah. Cumi zohfelnak ah thleng duh mi le `ul mi a um asile, a tamsawn vote in an tuah. KJV Bible ihsi peng si loih, tui san English ih hun rem le tuah ding hi thil har zet a si tiah alettupawl in an ti. English an hman mi hi Amerikan tlawngih phun 9 tlawngtapawlih zir mi English a si ih, King James Bible English kha cu Amerikan tlawngta phun 12 pawlih zir mi English a si ti a si. An leh mi Hebrew Bible le Greek Bible hi KJV an lehnak ih an hman mi Text a si ruangah kannih English `awng hmang lopawl cun hman dingah a `ha in a awl deuh ngaingai. Asinan footnotes an tuahnak ah khan Nestle-Aland Greek Text an hman ruangah KJV `antu mi tampi in an do phah.
Bibles International ih translation Chief Consultant Dr. Glen Kerr cun NKJV hi Received Text/TR thawn ka khaikhin nasa ih, NKJV rimsan tlak a sizia ka hmu rori tiah a ti.

King James II Version (1971) hi teh ziang vek a si?
        Hi KJV II hi Jay Green tawlreknak ih an suah mi a si. KJV 1611 ih an hman mi Hebrew Bile le Greek Bible hi rinsan a tlak bik ti zumtu a si ih, cuih Bible parah `humaw in KJV an rem ti a si. KJV an thleng mi a um hnuaihni. ~himnakah 1Samuel 6:19 ih KJV in “fiftie thousand and threescore and tenne men”(50,070) an thi ti mi kha KJV II cun “seventy men – fifty chief men” tiih thleng a si. Zakha. 9:9 ah KJV ih “ upon an ass, and upon a colt” ti mi kha KJV II ah cun “ on an ass, even a colt” tiih thleng a si. KJV II hi KJV hnakin a English khal a har sawnnak a um. ~himnakah  Luke 2:7 kha KJV in “ wrapped him in swaddling clothes” ti mi kha KJV II cun “ navel-band” tiin a thleng. Luke 2:9 KJV in “ pondered them in her heart” ti kha KJV II cun “ keeping them afresh in her heart” tiin a thleng. Hi KJV II (1971) hi mi in an hmang tuk lo tiah Dr. D.A. Waite in January 8, 2012 zingah hi cangantu hnenah email in a sim.
KJV 1611 le tui sun ih hmanbik mi KJV bangawk nawn lonak ih
athupitnak  ziang a si?

A pakhatnakah, KJV hi nasa ngaingai ih thenfainak ah a lut rero ih rinsan tlak deuhdeuh a si ti kan hmu thei.
A pahnihnakah, KJV hi thawtkhum a si tiih ruahnak/zumnak kha thil si thei a si lozia a langter. 1611 ah khan thawtkhumnak ih KJV hi Pathian ih pek si sehla cu remsal rero a `ul lo ding.
King James Bible thu ih thukharnak: King James Bible hi Bible Version dang vek men a rak si lo. A thuanthu rung um vivo dan hi a danglam hrimhrim. Tiduhdahnak sung ihsi suak a si, `hangphawknak le rinnak san ih suak, tluk ci si lo lehlinnak ih suak a si. An leh mi Greek Bible hi khuahlan pi ihsi kawhhran hmaisapawlih an rak hman mi rung feh vivo rinsan tlak Received Text/TR a si.
Cabu Rawn mipawl:
1. D.A.Waite, DFENDING THE KING JAMES BIBLE, The Bible for   
    Today Press, Collingswood, New Jersey 08108, 2002.
 2. David Daniell, The Bible in English, Yale University Press, New Haven,
      London, 2003.
 3. David Cloud, The Glorious History of the King James Bible, Way of
      Life Literature, 2006.
 4. G.W. Anderson & D.E. Anderson, The English Bible Its Origin,
       Preservation and Blessing, Trinitarian Bible Society, London.
 5. The Learned Men, The Translators of the Authorized Version of the
      Holy Bible in English A.D. 1611, Trinitarian Bible Societ, London.

6. Donald L. Brake with Shelly Beach, A Visual History of the King James
       Bible, BakerBooks, Grand Rapids, 2011.
 7. Paul D. Wegner, The Jouney from Texts to Translations, The Origin and
      Development of the Bible, Baker Academic, 1999.
 8.Andrew J. Browb, The Word of God Among All Nations, A Brief
       History of the Triniterian Bible Society 1831-1981, Trinitarian Bible
       Society, 1981.
 9. Jeffrey Khoo, The KJV- NIV Dabate, An Annotated Syllabus, Far
       Eastern Bible College, Singapore, 1998.
*****

_._,_.__,_._,___



NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION(NIV)
KA HMAN NAWN LONAK SAN

                                                             Timothy Sui Lian Mang

Hi cangantu khal hin New International Version (NIV) hi kum 4 sung a rak hmang dah. A English theih a awl, siar a nuam, Bible hmuahhmuah cu an `ha thluh ko, mah le Pathian karlakah dik phawt sehla tin a rak ruat dah. Asinan can a rung heraw vivo ih zirnak ruangih a theih suah mi cu rinsan tlak Bible a um a `ul. English `awng in Bible version hi 150 lai a um thlang si khawh, bangaw lo hnuaihni an si. Ziangruangah si pei tiin a khawruah a har `heu. A zirnak ruangih a theihsuah mi cu Greek Bible phun dangdang ruangah a si ti hi a si. Asile le ziang Greek Bible hi rinsana tlak bik pei, ziangruangah? Ti hi theih `ul le zingzawi tlak thu cu a si. Received Text/TR hi rinsan tlak bik a si ti hi cangantu ih a dinpi mi cu a si. NIV hi TR Greek Bible thlun ih leh mi a rak si lo ruangah TR/KJV/NKJV sungih um mi um lo a rak tam lu tuk hi a si. A English cu ziang tluk ih  awl in siar nuam va si hman sehla, a sungih Pathian `awngkam a kim nawn lo cun English a har khalle Dictionary thawi zoh `heu in rinsana tlak mi Greek Bible Received Text/TR thlun ih leh mi KJV le NKJV hi hman a `ul tiah a ruat ih a hmang. TR/KJV/NKJV ih um mi NIV ih um lo mi hrekkhat tarlang ka duh:
1.    A cang pumpi um lo hi 17 lai a um ih, hrekkhat in tarlang sehla:
Mat. 18:11; 23:14.
Mar. 7:16; 9:44,46; 11:26; 15: 28.
Luk. 17:36; Joh. 5:17.

2. Bible cang khat sungih thu pawimawh zetzet um lo mipawl 
     hrekkhat tarlang leh hnik uhsi:
      Mat.5:22, 27;9:13,35; 10:3,8; 12:35; 15:8; 18:29; 19:20; 20:7;
      Mat. 22:13; 32:3; 27:35.

      Mar.1:2, 14; 2:17; 3:5,15; 4:4; 6:11,26; 7:2; 9:29,45,49;
      Mar. 10:24;11:10;12:4,30,33; 14:19,27,70

      Luk.1:28, 29,79; 4:4,8,18,41; 5:38; 6:10, 45; 7:10,31; 8:45,54.
      Luk. 9:54,55,56; 10:35; 11: 2, 4,11,29,44,54; 17:3,9;
      Luk. 19:5; 20:23, 20; 22:30,31, 64,68; 23:23,34,38.

    Joh. 3:13,15; 4:42; 10:26; 11:41; 5:3, 16; 6:11,22,47; 8:9,10,59.
     Joh. 9:10; 12:1;17:12; 19:16.

    Apo. 2:23; 7:30, 37; 9:6; 10:6,21; 15: 24; 17:5; 18:21; 21:8,25;
    Apo. 22:9,20; 24:6,8,15,26.

     Rom. 1: 16; 3:22;  8:1, 26;  9:31; 10:15;  11:6;  14:6, 21.
 IKor. 5:7; 6:20; 9:18; 10:23; 11:24, 29; 15:47.
 IIKor. 8:4; 12:11; 13:2.
 Gal. 3:1,17; 4:7;  Kol. 3:9, 14; 4:17; 5:30; IThess. 1:1;
IIThess. 2:4; ITim. 2:7; 3:3,16; 4:12; 5:4,16; 16:5,7.
IITim. 1:11; Heb. 1:3; 2:7; 3:6; 8:12; 10:9,30; 11:1,13; 12:20.

James 4:4; IPet. 1:22; 4:1, 24; IJoh.2:7; 4:3; 5:7,13.
Thuphuan 1:8,11; 5:14; 11:1,17; 14:12; 15:2; 16:4,5,7; 19:1; 21:24;

*A tlun ih Bible cangpawl hi cang khat sungih thu pawimawh zet
      zet TR/KJV/NKJV le Kawl Bible sungih um naih, NIV ih
      um lo mi an si. Tarlang lo mi thawn a zaten hi 180 lai a um.
*Cun Jesu, Pathian, Bawipa, Khrih ti NIV ah vawi 173 lai a um lo
      fawn.
*Cun TR/KJV/NKJV le Kawl Bible thawn tah`him tikah NIV ah a  
     sullam, a duhsan danglam pi suak mi 229 lai a um fawn.
NIV hi Pathian `awngkam famkim um lonak a si tariai aw. Celfel ve hnik awla, hi tluk ih Pathian `awngkam sunglawi zetzet um lonak Bible hi rinsan tlak a si thei ding maw ?


Everett W. Fowler in “EVALUATING VERSIONS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT” ti mi a cabu sungah a hnuai lam vekin report a ngan:
*Greek Bible Received Text/TR ih um mi Greek Baibal Bible Society  
   Text 3rd Edition) sungih um lo `awngfang  3602 a um ih cucu 41.5%
                tinak a si.
*Greek Baibal Bible Society Text (3rd Edition) sungih um Received 
   Text/TR sungih um lo `awngfang  976 a um ih, cucu  11.2% tinak a
                 si.
*Hi Greek Bible pahnih `awngfang dangaw……3146…. 36.3% a um

Received Text/TR/ KJV sungih um Westcott & Hort Greek Bible,
Nestle Greek Bible le Bible Society Greek sungih um lo zat:
                                                                                                                                                                 
                                                                        WH           N         BS
Bible Cang pumpi um lo mi……………… ...........    18          20          17
Bible cang khat sungih thu pawimawh….............     193        191        185
       hrekkhat um lo mi  
A dang um lo mi tete....…………………. ...........    1244     1220        1107
Pathian hmin hrelh mi …. ......................................221       230         212                                    
Pathian hmin aiawhtu pronoun um lo mi.................  183      192          157
Bet mi……………....................................... .......  173       156         161                     
Sullam danglampi neiter `awngfang………. ............. 1821     1773        2018           
Greek `angfang um lo mi zat……………............      2824     2987       2632                
Greek `awngfang bet zat............................. ......     347       306         317               

Rundam si hi a har maw?
Mark 10:24 ah khan KJV cun, "Jesus answered again, and said unto them, Children, how hard is it for them that trust in riches to enter into the Kingdom of God,"(Jesu in a sangsal hai ih an hnenah, “Falenuh, lennak a rinsantupawl hrangah cun Pathian uknak sung luh cu ziang tlukin so a har) tin a um.

NIV ah cun, "Jesus said again, Children, how hard it is to enter the Kingdom of God,"(Jesu in a sangsal hai ih an hnenah, “Falenuh, Pathian uknak sung luh cu ziang tlukin so a har) ti lawngin a um. Thusimtu pahnih in Mark 10:24 hmangin thusim veve hnik hai sehla, pakhat in KJV a hmang ih pakhat in NIV a hmang. KJV hmangtu pa cun na lennak rinsan hlah, Pathian rinsan ding na si tiin a sim ding. NIV hmangtu pa cun rundamnak co cu a har a si ti bak sim ding  nei lo. Ziangahtile NIV in hih Bible cang ih a laimuril cu a tanhlo. Rundamnak cu ngah theih lo phun ah a cang aw. Bible Version hmuahhmuah an bangaw thluh, an `ha thluh ti men ding cu thil cang thei a si lo.
Vawi khat cu mithi vuinak ah cangantu hi thusim dingin can an pe. Thihnak lam thu sim dingin a timlamawk rero laiah Bible bangaw lo zet a hmusuak. Cucu Sam 116:15 hi a si.
TR/KJV/NKJV/Kawl Bible ah cun, “Precious in the sight of the Lord is the death of his saints.”(A mithiangpawl thihnak cu Bawipai mit a a sunglawi a si) tiin a um.
TEV ah cun, “ How painful it is to the Lord when one of his people dies.”(Amai minung lak ihsin pakhatkhat an thih tikah bawipai hrangah ziang tluk in so a nat)” tiin a um. Sermon phun hnih a suak thei tariai. Ziangtin na ruat?

*********

KJV, Pathian Thlawsuahzetmi le Hmanzetmi
By: Caleb Laltinhrem


Ziangahtile, thurin ziktluak an ngai paih lo can a thleng lai ding;
an hna a za dingih, an hiar zawng zirhtu an ko khawm ding;v3

Asinan nang cun, thil ziangkimah fimvar ten um awla, harsat tuar ṭenṭo aw,
Thuthangṭha nung sim hna ṭuannak in na rawngbawl hlen suak aw.v5

Doawknak ṭha ka dongah, tlan zuamawknak cu a tawp tiang ka ṭheh,
rinnak ka kil ngah…v7
2 Tim. 4: 3,5,7


Thuhmaihruai: KJV le versions dangdang thuthawn pehparawin TEXTs thu le hrilfiahnakpawl ka hlanih nganzopawl in an ngan celcel zo ih ka ngan duh nawn lo ding. Hrekkhat cun Pa-Lap zetin an run ngan.  Fumfe ten Stand an nei lo si ding, a pawizet. Bible tlukih buaipi tlak leitlun ah ka thei lo, cutlukih thupimi cu ziang Bible  version ka hmang ding ti khal ruat thiam lo Pastor, Rev. kan si lai ding ka phangzet.

King James Version: KJV hi 2011 ah kum 400 a kim ta riai. England ram hmun tampiah Trinitarian Bible Society (TBS) tla cun KJV sunlawihnak ah KJV thu zirhnak thlatin a rak tuah vivo. England siangpahrang James I ih thupeknak vekin 1604 kum ah Bible thiam hleice mipum 54 in an rak let thawkih 1611 kum ah an run ṭheh suak. Curuangah zingzawitu pakhat khat in KJV thu a rel a si ahcun KJV-1611 a si tengteng ding.

Kum 400 rei zo hman sela leitlun khawmual tinah KJV hi a cuai thei hrih remrem lo. Dotu a neih tam poh le Pathian in a cawisang in a thlawsuah deuhdeuh. Pathian thutak hlirhlang umnak le kilhimnak Bible version KJV kilhimtu ding an pung suak deuhdeuh. Curuangah, KJV dotu tamtak khalin KJV an do rualrual in KJV hi Pathian ih thlawsuah a pek zia le a hmanzia an vun theiih an sup-aw sal ṭheu. Pathian thutak thuziktluak pawmtu le phuangtupawl zoh tikah KJV kai ṭeṭe hlir an si. Pathian thu a si lo pipi'n zir ih zum, sim le zirhpawl cu do ih thutak kilhimtupawl kan zoh asile khal-le KJV Bible hmang felfel an tam sawn. Zirhtirnak dik lo do ih thutakṭantupawl lakah fundamentalist pacang ṭha rual an si tlang pi. Amen. Atu kan san khal ah Fundamentalist asilole KJV in Pathian thutak an kilhimbik ti cu el theih rual a si lo.

Tuisun ni-tiang ah Pathian thutak duhih kilkhawitu mipi poh cun KJV hi an duhbik, KJV hi Bible version zuar khawngbikmi lakah a tel. Leitlun pumpi huap in kan sim asile KJV tlukih milai thinlung latu, belhcian dawlmi le Pathian ih thlawsuah pekmi le hmanmi English Version (EV) ah an um hrih riai lo.

Trinitarian Bible Socieity in EV (English Version) dang hnakih King James a ṭhatsawnnak san pa 5 lai hitin an langter; {1}KJV cu Hebrew le Greek Bible ṭhasawn ihsin lehmi; {2} KJV cu lehdan diksawn a si; {3} KJV cu mirang ṭawng mawi theibik ih nganmi a si (Dr Edwin tla cun, "Mirang ṭawng thiam taktak na duh asile KJV ṭhate'n siar aw); {4} KJV cu Khrih Jesu ih Pathian sinak a sim ṭhabik in a fiangbik; {5} Mirangṭawng ih lehmi Bible dang lakah KJV cu STANDARD ih rak DING ṭhemṭhem a si. Amen. (Hsn: Himi pa 5 hi simfiangzotu an um zo ruangah ka ngan nawn lo)

Bible Sia/Ṭha Tahfung: {1} BIBLE an rak leh tikah an hmanmi Hebrew le Greek cu rinsan tlak an si maw? {2} A lettupawl Pathian thu pawmdan a dik maw, a dik lo maw, Pathianmi an sinak zawn le an thiamnak lam-ah thlarau thianghlim umpimi le a tlingmi an si maw? {3} Lehdan a dik maw? {4} An leh ṭhehmi ṭawnghram thawn a dengaw maw, Jesu a cawisang maw? Himi pa 4 thawn vun tah tikah KJV cu EV lakah a ṭhabik, belhcian dawlbik ih a tlinnak le rinsan tlakbik a sinak a si. Amen. (Hsn: Ka hlan ngantupawl in an ngan zo, ngan nawn lo ding) 

Bible Siar Nuam Timen A Ngahlo: Chin pacang ṭha Dr le Th.M rual tamzet cun KJV cu siar le theih a har, NIV le TEV hi siar a nuam, theih a awl ih ka hmannak a si an ti. An Pathian thu hawldan cu a puan lang nasa timi a fiang ih thin an ti nuam lo zet. A nuam le awlsam zawngin Pathian thuthuk, thutak hlirhlang an hmu thei dah lo ding. Bible ṭha leṭha lo hi siar nuam le nuam lo vek menin tah ci siin ka ngai lo. Chinmi hrangih siar har, theih har Mirang, Hebrew le Greek cu Bible ṭha lo ah an cang kei, kan Bible lehnak ih kan sirhsanmi Mirang, Hebrew le Greek hnakin kan siar nuam le theih awl kan Chin Bible versionpawl hi an ṭha sawn kan ti thawn a bangaw. Thil cang thei lomi a si. Thu hi sau deuhih ruat a ṭul. Ca ṭha le ca sia tahnak ah siar a nuam maw nuam lo ti'n an tah lai ka thei dah lo. Chin pacang Pathian hnaṭuantupawl lawngin ca sia le ṭha hi siar nuam le nuam lo zawngin an tah, mang an ti bang. KJV hi siar har in theih-har hman sehla Pathian thutak, Thisen thu, Jesui Pathian sinak thu, Virgin Fapa a sinak thu le thilmakpawl tuisan zumtupawl hnenih simfiangtu dingah Amah Pathian in thlawsuah a pekzetmi le a hmanzetmi a si ruangah Pathian hmin ka thangṭhat (Version dang thu pakhat te hman ka rel miah lo, version hmuahhmuah lakih rel tlak umsun KJV thu lo bak..).

Anti Fundamental=Liberal: Liberal in Pentecostal, Charismatic le Evangelical hnakin FUNDAMENTAL cu a ralpi zohin a zoh. Cumi lakah Protestant (Pure Baptist:Fundamental) thawn Khristian sakhuanak ih danglam aw verver Roman Catholic sakhua cu Liberal pacang ṭha tampi cun an pawlkom thei sawn, an compromised tinak. Fundamental cun "Bible hi Pathian ṭawngkam, thupek a si"an ti rero laiah, Anti Fundamental=Liberal cun "Bible ah Pathian thu hrekkhat a um" an ti daih. Liberal cun Virgin birth an zum lo tikah Jesu Khrih hi nangmah le keimah vek fangah an can lo maw! a cuih ka thin! Bible sungih thilmak an zum duh fawn lo. An thluak ruahnak ih cang thei lomi cu an zum duh lo lawlaw. Cucun Thlarau Thianghlim le Jesui Thisen hnaṭuan zianghman ah an neih loih an tluak an rinsan sawn tinak. Corinthians ah cupawl cu Ningzak ko ka tuah ding a ti. Thlarau hlo an kai ciamco ti nan thei dah maw? Thlarau hlo kai dah lo khi ziangvek in Pathian hna khal ṭuan khal sehla "Thlaraulam ih ka/kan pa" ti theih an si lo lawlaw.Politics, Leadership, Globalization and Popularity lam cu an veizetmi a si, an ṭha lo ka ti lo, an ṭha tuk, asinan, thlarau lam pa an si thei lo dan ka simfiang duh.

Missionaries: Kan ram ih ram dang ihsin siangbawi(missionary) in ra tuan saktupawl kan zoh tikah Fundamental Baptist background le KJV keng ih rak lettu an si tlangpi. Satan cun nasa takin Pathian kawhhran siatsuah ding in a cangvai ve-ih Khristian hmin kengpawl hmang tahratin Khristian sakhuanak ah a lem a suah ter vivo. Atu ahcun kan siangbawipawl ih rak fehpimi Bible teaching method cu an te le fa in kan thlun nawn lo. Fiangten rel sehla kan 'Liberal' thluh thlang. Kan siangbawipawl a tu ah hung dam kir bang hai sehla, "Na rin um, ka lo fak, na ti ṭha, ka lo zirhmi Pathian thu na kenkawlh in na kilhim" an ti dingmi Rev, Pastor, Evengelist and so-called Siangbawi kan um tam ding ka zum lo. Ziang thei lo mipi cu hruaitupawl thlun in an feh hmurhmo si. Bible in mipi hnakin hruaitupawl in thuṭhennak a let in an tawng ding a ti.

Anti KJV: Dr. Jacob L Chelli in, Anti KJV Anti  Christ a rak ti dah. Zingzawitupawl in KJV tlukih rinsan tlak an hmuh lo tikah Anti KJV Anti Christ an tinak a si. Anti-Fundamental cu Liberal a si vekin KJV dotupawl cu NIV le TEV hmang rerotupawl an si (Liberal ka ti lo). Ka professor pakhat cun 'NIV and TEV are Anti-KJV' a ti cuteh. Zo an/nan si khal le NIV le TEV na hmang a si ahcun Pathian thutak um kimnak le himnakbik KJV  na hnawl sawn tinak a si.

Ka Zahpi lo: Paul in a renmi a theihfiang tikah "ka zahpi lo" a timi kan thei cio. Kei khalin Liberal ziang a si ti ka theihfeng lawng si loin Fundamental hi ka theihfeng ve ruangah Fundamental thurin hi ka zahpi lo, "You are a fundamentalist" titu ka neih lo hi ka ning a zak sawn. Mai sinak zahpi, rel ngam lole stand hmunhma neilopawl khi hruaitu dingah na hril pang pei. Lo fehpinak ding lamzin an thei hla taktak lo ding. Liberal pacang (Bible zum thluh duhlo) sihnak in Fundamental pacang (Bible hi Pathian ṭawngkam a si titu) si ka hril sawn.

Fundamental le KJV: Fundamental-pawl cun KJV an hmangbik ticu zo cio khalih el theih rual a si lo. Ih, Fundamental le KJV cu feh tlang ringring, nupa vek an si an rak tinak a si. An ṭhen aw thei lo. Asinan, tulai kan ram Fundamental ka si tiawpawl zoh rero tikah KJV hmang an um tuk loih Fundamental si an duh tuk nan an si taktak thei fawn lo ti'n hrekhat cun an hmu. Fundamental a si taktak mi cun a zumnak, a tuahsernak le a hmanmi Bible Version khalah a sinak a langter ngam ding. NIV le TEV hmangbik rengreng Fundamental a si thei lo lawlaw. Kaa lawng ih Fundamental an si. Kaa cun ZUU ka in lo a ti, asinan, a taktak ahcun zuu a in fawn. Cucu zuu in lo a silo, zuu inmi a si. Cubangin kaa lawngin Fundamental an tiaw ih a taktak ahcun KJV hmang loin NIV, TEV an hman ruangah cupawl cu Fundamental ti an si lo lawlaw, anmah le anmah an ti awk khal le zum ding an si lo. Zoh liam hai men ding. Liberal pacang in TEV le NIV a hmang cu a hman ding rori a si, uar a um lawlaw, rel ding dang a um lo. Nan, Fundamental ka si tiaw si KJV hmang loin TEV le NIV hmang sehla Liberal ka si ti'n a tiaw duh ding fawn lo, uar um lo bikpawl an si. Stand nei lo milai mi pitling ngaignai hmuh ding an har. Liberal ka si ti len an tiaw duh fawn lo. Cuvek cu hrekkhat in Pa-lap an si an ti ka thei culci thlang. Kei ka hmuhdan ahcun Liberal lam deuhin TEV le Liberal hi an uar ih Fundamental in KJV kan duh cunco. Na duhmi le na ei-thawtmi in zo na si timi a langter. Curuangah, KJV le Fundamental a ṭhen aw thei lo. (Hsn: Himi ka relmi hi EV hman thu ah a si)

Bible Theihkauhnak ah: Bung zate kawm ah 1189, cang zate kawm ah 41173, Thuthlung Hlun bung 929, Thuhtlung Thar bung 260, Thuthlung Hlun cang 33,214, Thuthlung Thar cang 7959, Thuthlung Hlun ṭawngfang umzat 593,393, Thuthlung Thar ṭawngfang 181,253, ṭawngfang zaten 774,746. Cang saubik Esther 8:9, cang tawi bik Jn 11:35, bung saubik Sam 119, bung tawibik Sam 117.

Bible ngan hmaisabik ah bung-cang ṭhen a rak si lo. Bung ṭhen hmaisabiktu cu Stephen Langton (Kum zabi 12 neta lamih Canterbury ih Archbishop). Cardinal Hugo in tui ṭawng dangih lehmi Biblepawl ih kan neih vekin kum zabi 13 ah Thuthlung Hlun bung a rak ṭhen. Thuthlung Thar cang cu Robert Stephanus, 1551 a um.

Dr John R Rice in, "I'm a Fundamentalist, so what" a ti bangin le Midum pakhat in "What is Wrong Being Black," a ti bangin Pathian thu hmundan le pawmdan dangdang neitu lakah keikhal I'm a fundamentalist ka tiaw ngam lo asile Fundamental ka si lo tinak.

Mai' sinak zahpitu cu mipi tamsawn rinsan an hlawh dah lo.

Lungawi!
Lalpa'n Stand nei ko lo tuahve hram seh,
Ngantu

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
KJV IH THLUN MI RECEIVED TEXT/TR HI  KHUAHLAN PI IHSI RUNG                   
                              UM VIVO MI A SI

                                                                             
                                                                                   Timothy Sui Lian Mang

TEXT  THU RELNAK IH HMAN MI TAWNGFANGPAWL SIMFIANGNAK
             (Basic Terminology of the Textual Debate)

Kut ih ngan mi(manuscripts) Tawngfangpawl Simfiangnak

Manuscript = Bible kha an kut roriih ngan a si, cumi cu Manuscript tiah an ko. Cui kut ih ngan mi pakhat hnakih tam cu a tawi zawngin MSS an ti ih, pakhat lawng a asile MS tiah an ti.
Autograph = Bible ngantu ih a ngan mi rori pakhat te (original manuscript) kawhnak a si.
AutographaBible ngantu ih kut ih ngan mi pakhat hnak tam (original manuscripts) le  tampi kawhnak a si.
Apograph = A hrampi kut ngan kawhnak asinan, atu ah original hmuh ding a um nawn lo tikah, atu ih kut ngan hmuh thei mi (manuscripts) relnak ah hman a si.
Extant =  A um mi (existing) tinak a si. Extant manuscript ti cu atu ih a um mi kut ngan cazual (existing manuscript) tinak a si.
Codex = Latin tawng a si ih, cangan mi keh lam ihsi vawrh lamih cazual a si. Thuthlung Hlun le Thuthlung Thar hi cazual parih ngan a si. Can a rung feh vivo tikah ca ngan mi hi cabu ih ngan a si thlang. Cazual tam relnak ah cun codices ti a si.
Codex Vaticanus = Vaticanus cazual tinak a si.
Codex Alexanrinus = Alexanrinus Cazual tinak a si.
Lectionaries = Bible manuscripts cu an si lo. Asinan Cathiang sung thu an ngan mi lakkhawmnak cabu a si ih, an thupi zet. Lectionaries hi Greek Orthodox Kawhhran in a khawmawknak cabu ah an hmang. Tui san ih hla bu a dung lamih Bible siar ding a um bangin, lectianaries cu  siar ding mi thu tampi ngannak cabu pawimawh zet a si. Lectionaries a zate zikte in Received Text an hmang.
Majuscules = Maniscripts hlunbikpawl cafang tum hlirih kut ih ngan mi Bible a si. Uncials ti khalih kawh a si.
Miniscule = Cafang fate hlir ih kut ih ngan mi manuscripts relnak a si. Cursive ti khalih kawh a si.




Received Text thawi a pehtlaiaw mi Tawngfangpawl Simfiangnak
     (Terms Related to the Received Text)

Received Text (RT) =Kum zabi rung feh vivo ih Kawhhran tamsawn asilole
                                   Kawhhran zate  deuh thaw ih cohlan mi, pawm mi, hman mi Bible  cu mirang tawng in Received Text (a sullam cu cohlan mi text  tinak a si) tiih kawh a si. A tawi zawngin RT ti a si. Cui Received Text(RT) cu hmin dangdang a nei. Cupawl tla cu:
Textus Receptus (TR) = Latin tawng a si ih, Received Text tinak a si.
                    Kum zabi 17 laifang hrawng ihsin Greek Bible an nam tikih  kut ngan cabu hlun asilole cazual hlunolder manuscripts or scrolls ) kawhnak ah Textus Receptus ti tawngfang hi a rung lar vivo. A tawi zawngin TR ti a si theu.
Traditional Text = Hlanhlai pi ihsin Bible zumtupawl ih run hman vivo mi Greek Biblerelnak a si ruangah Traditional Text ti hi mi hrekkhat cun an duhbik sawn. A sullam khal hlanlai ihsi hman mi Text tinak a si.
The Historic Text = Received Text kawhnak hmin pakhat an hman mi thotho a si. Kawhhran hmaisabik ihsi Bible zumtupawl ih run hman vivo mi a sizia a sawhkhih.
Byzantine Text = Atu ih um Received Text ih hman mi manuscripts tampi hi Greece ram Byzantium (Constantinople) peng ih copy mi an si ruangah Byzantine Text an tinak a si. Greek Orthodox Kawhhran cun san rung feh vivo ahGreek tawng an hman ruangah Greek Thuthlung Thar hi an tawng ih leh                             a tul ve lo. Asinan an hman kumkhua mi Bible hi Received Text thawn a bangaw, Received Text a si tinak a si. Byzantine ti mi cun Greek Orthodox Kawhhran a sawhkhih, an Headquarters kha Byzantium (Constantinople) khawmpi ih a um ruangah a si.
The Ecclesiastical Text =  Kawhhran remthat ihsi rung suak Kawhhranpawl in an hman  mi Bible a si ruangah himi hmin khal hi a hmangtu an um.
Preserved Text: Pathian in a thu a humhim tiin, Kawhhran hmaisabik ihsi run hman vivo mi Text a si ruangah mi hrekkhat cun Preserved Text tiah an ko.
Syrian Text: Kawhhran hmaisabik Syria ram ih umpawl ih hman mi a si ruangfah Syrian  Text tiih kawhnak a si.
Antiochian Tex:  Antiok kawhhran pawlih hman mi text a si ruangah hitiih an kawhnak a si.
Majority Text = Received Text hmin dang pakhat a si.  Atu ih a um mi 
                          Manuscripts tamsawn ngaingai in Received Text thawi an bangawk, an sakhat ruangah Majority Text an tinak a si. Majority Text hmin hin mi a buaiter, ziangahtile san thar ah Majority Text ti mi pahnih a suak. Pakhat cu Arthur Farstad le Zane Hodges te ih zohfel (edit)mi a si. Pakhat sawn cu Maurice Robinson le William Piepont te ih zohfel(edit) mi a si. Hi Majority Text pahnih hi Received Text thawn an bangaw zet, mal takte lawng bangawk lonak an nei. Himi sirhsan ih leh mi Bible hi a um lem lo. Received Text ti khalih kawh hman a duh lo an tampi thlang. Zirnak ah hman deuh a si (David H.Sorenson, Touch not the Unclean Thing; cahmai 40). 1982 hlanah cun Majority text ti cu Received Text, Textus Receptus, Tranditional Text, Byzinetine Text tipawl thawi bangaw ih hman a sinan, 1982 ah Majority Text ti hmin in Greek Thuthlung Thar a suak tikah Majority Text ti hi Received Text thawi bangaw ih hman a si nawn lo(Charles L. Surrett, Which Greek Text?: Surrett Family Publication, NC. p.4).
Cuiruangah Received Text cu: Textus Receptus, Traditional Text,Historic
Text, Byzintine Text, Ecclesiatical Text, Majority Text, Preserved Text.
Syrian Text ti khalih kawh a si. Kan run zir vivo nak ah cun Received
Text/ TR tin kan hmang vivo ding.

Critical Text thawi a pehtlaiaw mi Tawngfangpawl Simfiangnak
(Terms Related to the Critical Text)

Critical Text: Received Text pawmlotu, dotupawl in Greek Text dang an hmang ih, an hman mi Text cu Critical Text tiih kawh a si. Ziangahtile hi hlan ihsin Bible Text sawiseltupawl in an rak remkhawm rero mi a si ruangah Critical Text tiih kawh a sinak san a si. Critical Text cu cawkcawrawi mi manuscripts a si ih, a cancanah cun tahthim ci si lo, bangaw lo lawlaw a um hnuaihni.
Ecletic Text : Critical Text hi Ecletic Text ti khalih kawh a si. Text dangdang ta lakhawm vivo tinak a si.
Westcott and Hort Text: Critical Text hi Westcott and Hort Text ti khalih kawh a si. Ziangahtile Westcott le Hort ih tuah mi ihsi rung um vivo a si. Critical Text/Westcott and Hort Text hi cu Alexandrian Text types Vaticanus le Sinaiticus parih thumaw a si. Hmun hnih khat ah Received Text ta thawi bangaw a theraw. Critical Text cu Vaticanus le Sinaiticus Codices parih ding a si.

Nestle-Aland = Nestle-Aland Greek Thuthlung Thar relnak a si
UBSGNT = United Bible Society Greek New Testament tinak a si.
Modern Text:   Critical Text hi kum zabi 19 neta lamih suak a si ruangah Modern Text  (San Thar Text) ti khalin an ko.
Critical Text cu Eclectic Text, Westcott and Hort Text, Modern Text ti khalih kawh an si, pakhat relnak a si. Vaticanus, Sinaiticus (B le Aleph) tipawl khal hi Critical Text relnak an a si.
BVaticanus cu “B ” tiin hmin an sak.
AlephSinaiticus cu Aleph tiin hmin an sak.


Bible Thu ih Tawngfang Hman Mipawl Simfiangnak

Version = Leh Mi Bible
Canonization = Kawhhranpawl in Cathiang tiih Cathiang bupawl
                             nemhngehnak

Atawi zawngih Ngandan Hrekkhat
CT = Critical Text
W-H = Westcott and Hort
KJV = King James Version
NKJV = New King James Version
MT =Nasoretic Text (Hebrew Thuthlung Hlun)
NASV = New American Standard Version
NIV = New International Version
RSV = Revise Standard Version
TEV = Today’s English Version
RT = Textus Receptus
RT = Received Text
MS = Manuscript (Pakhat relnak)
MSS= Manuscripts (Pakhat hnak tam relnak)

KHUAHLAN BIBLE LEH MIPAWL IN RECEIVED TEXT/TR HI KHAUHLAN IHSI       
                              RUN HMAN VIVO MI A SIZIA A NEMHNGET:

Critical Text(CT) cawisangtupawl in Editor-pawl (Bible remkhawmtupawl) an um ih, cupawl cun manuscripts-pawl hmun dangdang ihta lakhawm tahratin Greek Text an tuah men mi a si tiah an zum.  Received Text/TR cu kum zabi 4 hlanah hmuh ding a um lo ih, zohman in an hmang lo. Curuangah Received Text/TR Thuthlung Thar Bible an ngan hmaisabik (original) run aiawhtu a si thei hrimhrim lo tiah an ti. Cuhnakin Westcott le Hort in, “ Alexandrian text sawn hi Bible kut ih ngan mi hmaisabik aiawhtu, naih biktu a si sawn,” tiah an ti(Brooke Foss Westcott and Fenton John Anthony Hort, Introduction to the New Testament in the Original Greek with Notes on Selected Readings, (London: Macmillan & Co., 1882; reprint, Peabody, Mass: Hendrickson, 1988, cahmai 115).
Khuahlan Kawhhranpawl in Greek Thuthlung Thar hi anmai tawng in an let
nasa. Cui an leh mi Bible cu Greek Manuscripts an leh mi an si, cui an
Bible-pawl cu Erasmus ih run khawm mi TR Greek Bible thawi a bangawk a
si ah cun TR hi hlan laipi ihsi an run hman vivo mi Greek Bible a si/ an
bangaw ti nemhngettu a si. Cutiih an leh mi Bible cu atu ah an um maw?  Um
tuk lai e.


1. Itala Bible:    Ruahsual theu mi cu Latin ti le Italy ti pohpoh hi cu  Roman Catholic thawi hmunkhat si dingih zum hi a si. Italy sak lamah khin kum zabi pahnih lai ihsi khan Kawhhran a rak ding ih, Italic Kawhhran tiih kawh an si. Roman Catholic thawi pehtlaihawknak nei lo lawlaw an si. Cui hmunih Kawhhran rung um vivo cu neta lamah Vaudois tile Waldenses tiih kawh le theih an si. A sullam cu an umnak hmun cawi in ‘Phaikuam minungpawl’ tinak a si. Cui Kawhhranpawl cun A.D. 120 ah Thuthlung Thar an suah ih, Received Text ihsin an leh mi a si. (Frederick Henry Scrivener, A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament, 2d ed.(Cambridage, Deighton, Bell & Co., 1874), 2:43)). John Calvin-ih hnatuanpi Theodore in khaih Italic Kawhhran hi A.D. 120 ih ding a si tiah a ti (McClintock and Strong, Encyclopedia, s.v. “Waldenses”). Athupi mi cu himi Itala Bible hi Received Text ihsi leh mi a si. (Kenyon, Our Bible and yhe Ancient Manuscripts, New York: Harper Brothers, 1895, 19510, cahmai 169-171). Cucu Kawhhran thuanthu thiam hminthang Frederick Nolan in a nemhnget ve. (Frederick Nolan, An Inguiry into the Integrity of the Greek Vulagate: or Received Text of the New Testament (London: F.C.& J.Rivington, 1815, xvii, xviii).
Hi Bible an leh kum cu Thuthlung Thar Bible ngantupawl in an ngan theh hnu kum 100 hman kim lo deuh ah an let tinak a si. Curuangah Received Text hi Kawhhran hmaisapawl hin an hmang zo ti a fiang. Hman a tlak lo mi Manuscripts cu an let hrimhrim lo ding ti khal zum lo ding rual a si lo.

2. Peshitta Bible: A dang khuahlan leh mi Bible  cu Syrian Peshitta
                             Thuthlung Thar a si. Syria Antioch ah khan dungtluntupawl kha Khristian tiih kawh an si kha kan cing cio ko ding. Cuitlunah Paul le Barnabas missionary ih thlahtu Kawhhran khal an si, Apo. 13:1-4. Kum zabi pakhatnak le a hrek hrawng tiang hi Antioch Kawhhran hi leilung tlunih Kawhhran langsar le cak an si. Syria ram ih Kawhhran tampi dinsuaktu Kawhhran pi an si. Syria Thuthlung Thar hi A.D. 150 ih leh mi a si (Westcott and Hort, Introduction to the New Testament, 143). Hi an leh mi hi ‘the Peshitta Version’ tiah an ko. Hort khal in hi leh mi Bible hi Received Text thawi bangaw a si tiah a ti (David H. Sorenson, Touch not the unclean Thing, Northstar Baptist Miunistries, 2002, cahmai 80). Hi Bible hi Syrian Kawhhran hmuahhmuah ih an hman mi Bible a si. Cumi cu Greek Manuscripts-pawl thawi naiaw zet a si. Received Text thawi a bangawk ruangah himi khuahlan Bible Peshitta version hin Received Text cu khuahlan pi ihsi hman mi a sizia a nemhnget. Critical Text cawisangtu lakih pakhat Burkitt in Peshitta Version hi cu kum zabi panga lam lawngih an leh mi a si tiah tan a la nan, Syria ram ih Kawhhranpawl in Peshitta Bible hi hlanlai pi ihsi an rak hman zozia cu el theih a rak si lo (David Sorenson, p 81))

3. Gothic Bible:           Gothic Bible khalin Received Text/TR hi lehhnuhpi
                               ih hmuhsuahcawp le ngan neta men a si lo ti a langfiangter ve. Goths-mipawl hnenih missionary tuan Bishop Ulfilas in Gothic hi A.D. 350 ah Greek ihsi a leh mi a si. Gothic tawng hmangtupawl hi German mi hrekkhat an si ih, Zurup laili ih um an si. Frederic Kenyon in 1912 ah, “Gothic Bible sung thu hi Greek Majority Manuscripts vek a si tiah a ti. A ti duhsan cu Received Text sirhsan ih leh mi a si a tinak a si (Frederic Kenyon, Handbook to the Textual Criticism of the New Testament, 2d ed. Grand RapidsL Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1951, cahmai 240). Curuangah Received Text/RT hi neta lamih suak men si loin khuahlanpi ihsi um zo, hman zo mi a si ti a fiang. Dr. D.A.Waite in Received Text/TR hi rin tlak a sizia, khuahlan ihsi rung um vivo le tawng dangdang ih an leh mi Bible a sizia tanfung 37 in a hnuai lam vekih a tarlang mi hi mitvangtertu pakhat a si.

A.       Apostol San ah Received Text an hmang(A.D. 33-100):
(1)       Apostol Kawhhran hmuahhmuah in Received Text an hmang.
(2)       Palestine Kawhhran hmuahhmuah in Received Text an hmang.
(3)       Antioch Syrian Church in Received Text an hmang.

B.       Kawhhran Hmaisapawl in Received Text an hmang (A.D 100-312).
          (4) Peshitta Syriac Version (A.D. 150) hi Received Text leh mi a si.
          (5) Payrus #66 hin Received Text a hmang.
(6) Italy sak lam ih Italic Kawhhran(A.D. 157) in Received Text an
                    hmang.
(7) France ram thlang lamih um Gallic Kawhhran (A.D. 177) in
                Received Text an hmang.
(8) Great Britain ih Celtic Kawhhran in Received Text an hmang.
Ziangah Italy, France le Great Britain ih Kawhhranpawl khan Received Text sirhsan in Bible an let a si pei? Ziangahtile rinsan tlak mi Pathian thu a si ruangah a si, cucu an rak thei. Khaih Kawhhranpawl kha A.D 150 hrawng mi an si. Thuthlung Thar cu A.D. 90-100 ah an thehfel zo. Kawhhran hmaisapawl cun a original rori khal an siarngah, an ngansawngsin mi ziang a dikbik, rinsan a tlak bik ti khal an theifiang. Curuangah a dik le rin tlak mi lawng an hmang ih, an let.
(9) Scotland le Ireland Kawhhran in Received Text an hmang.
(10) Waldension Kawhhran hlanih mipawl in Received text an
                   hmang.
(11) Waldensian (A.D. 120 le neta lam khalah) in Received Text an  hmang.

C.       Byzantine San ah Received Text an hmang(A.D. 312-1453)
 (12) Gothic Bible (kum zabi 4) hi Received Text sirhsan ih leh mi a si.
 (13) Kum zabi 4 asilole 5 ih Codex of Matthew hi Received Text a si.
           (14) Kum zabi 5-nak ih “Codex A” ih Thuthangtha pali pawl hi
                   Received Text a si.
(15) Atu ih a um mi Greek Manuscripts tamsawn hi Received Text a si(The vast majority of extant New Testament manuscripts all used the Received Text).
                        Leitlun ih Greek manuscripts a um mi hmuahhmuah ih za ah
                        sawmkua le pakua (99%) cu Received Text a si. Manuscripts 5255 a um ih, cumi lakah 5210 cu bangaw Received Text an si tinak a si.
(16) Greek Orthodox Kawhhran in Received Text an hmang. An
                 thurin hi lungkimpi thluh an si lo nan, an Kawhhran pumpi
                 in kum 1000 sung Received Text an hmang.
(17) Tui san Greek Kawhhranpawl khalin Received Text an hmang
lai thotho. Dr. Waite in Israel ka tlawn tum ah Greek Orthodox Kawhhran ah ka khawm ih, an hman mi Greek cu Received Text a si.  Westcott le Hort teh nan thei maw? tiah ka sut hai ih, thei e, rinsan tlak a si lo ih kan hmang duh lo, Received Text hi kan hmang tiah in ti a si.

D.       San Thar Kawhhran San ah Received Text hman a si.
(18)      Kawhhran remthat can ih Kawhhran hmuahhmuah in Received Text an hmang.
(19)     Eramus Greek New Testament (1516) in Received Text a hmang.
(20)     Complutension Polyhlot (1522) in Received Text a hmang.
Hihi Roman Catholic Cardinal Ximenes in a edit, asinan Roman Catholic-pawlih an hman zet mi Westcott le Hort hi Greek Text sirhsan ih leh mi a si lo
(21)     Martin Luhar German Bible (122) in Received Text a hmang.
(22)     William Tyndale Bible (1525) in Received Text a hmang.
(23)     Oliveton-ih Frence Bible in Received Text a hmang.
(24)     Coverdale Bible (1535) in Received Text a hmang.
(25)     Matthews Bible (1537) in Received Text a hmang.
(26)     Yaverners Bible (1539) in Received Text a hmang.
(27)     The Great Bible (1539-1541) in Received Text a hmang.
(28)     Stephenus Greek New Testament (1546-14551) in Received Text a hmang.
(29)     Geneve Bible (1568) in Received Text a hmang.
(30)     Bishop Bible (1568) in Received Text a hmang.
(31)     Spanish Bible (1569) in Received Text a hmang.
(32)     Beza Greek New Testament (1598) in Received Text a hmang.
Himi Beza Greek New Testament 1598, 5th Edition hi King James Bible an leh laiih an sirhsan mi Greek Bible cu a si.
(33)     Czech Bible (1602) in Received Text a hmang.
(34)      Italian Diodati Bible (1607) in Received Text a hmang.
(35)     King James Bible (1611) in Received Text a hmang.
(36)     Elzevir Brothers’ Greek New Testament (1624) in Received Text a hmang.
(37)Thuthlung Thar Received Text hi Received Text a si-Bible an ngan
                      ihsi peh vivoih rung um Received Text a si. Bible ngantupawl ih an ngan mi original naibik cu received Text hi a si (D.A.Waite, DFENDING THE KING JAMES BIBLE, The Bible for Today Press, Collingswood, New Jersey 08108, 2002, cahmai 44-48).

San Thar can ih Zurup Ram ih Received Text Sirhsan ih leh mi Bible hrekkhatpawl:
                        Awedish Uppsala Bible 1514,
                        Danish Christian Bible 1550,
                        Icelandic Thuthlung Thar 1584,
                        Slovenian Bible 1584,
                        Irish Bible 1685
                        Frence Geneva Bible 1588
                        Welsh Bible 1588
                        Hungarian Bible 1590
                        Italian Diodati Bible 1607
                        Dutch Statenvertaling Bible 1637
                        Finnish Bible 1642
                        Syrian Bible 1645
                        Armenian Bible 1666
                        Romanian Bible 1688
                        Latvian Bible 1689
                        Lithuanian Bible 1735
                        Estonian Bible 1739
                        Georgian Bible 1743
                        Portuguese Bible 1751
                        Gaelic Bible 1801
                        Serbo Croatian Bible 1832
                        Albanian Bible 1827
                        Slovak Bible 1832
                        Norwegian Bible 1834
                        Russian Bible 1865
                        Yiddish Bible 1821
                        Turkish Bible 1827
                        Bulgarian Bible 1864
     (David H. Sorenson, Touch not the unclean thing, Northstar Baptist Ministries, Duluth, MN 55811-1878, 2002, cahmai 84)

Received Text sirhsan ih American Indian Bible Leh mipawl Hrekkhat

A hnuaiih North American Indian miphun tawng dangdang in Received Text hi  leh a si.
                        Pequo Bible 1663
                        Mohawk Bible 1787
Eskimo Bible 1810
Delaware Bible 1818
Seneca Bible 1819
Cherokee Bible 1829
Ojibway Bible 1842
Dakota Bible 1839
Ottawa Bible 1841
Shawnee Bible 1842
Pottawotomi Bible 1844
Abenaqui Bible 1844
Nez Perce Bible 1845
Choctaw Bible 1848
Yupik Bible 1848
Micmac Bible 1853
Plains Cree Bible 1861
Muskogee Bible 1886
(David H. Sorenson, Touch not the unclean thing: Northstar Baptist Ministries, Duluth, MN 55811-1878, 2002, cahmai 84).

Asia ram le ram dang hrekkhat ih Received Text sirhsan ih leh Mi Bible hrekkhat

A hnuaiih tarlang mi tawng dangdang ih leh mi Bible hi Received Text sirhsan ih leh mi an si:
Malay Bible1734
Persian le Arabic Bible 1800
Kawl Bible (Judson leh mi) 1835
Bengali Bible 1809
Oriya Bible 1815
Marathi Bible 1821
Kashmiri Bible 1821
Nepali Bible 1821
Sanskrit Bible 1822
Gujarathi Bible 1821
Panjabi Bible 1825
Bihari Bible 1828
Kannada Bible 1831
Assamese Bible 1833
Hindi Bible 1835
Urdu Bible 1843
Telegu Bible 1854 a dang India tawng 35 in Received Text leh a si.
Sierra Leone Bible 1816
Pakistan ih Saraiki Bible 1819
Faloe tikulh ih Faroe Bible 1823
Suriname ih Stranam Bible 1829
Indonesia ih Javanese Bible 1829
Bolivia ih Aymara Bible 1829
Indonesia ih Malay Bible 1835
Tuluk ih Manchu Bible  1835
Madagascar ih Malagasy Bible 1835
Gambia ih Mandinka Bible 1837
Hawaiian Bible 1838
Mongolian Bible 1840
                        Criea Tlang ih Karaite Bible 1842
Russia ih Azebaijani Bible 1842
Cameroon ih Subu Bible 1847
Kawl Ram ih Mon Bible 1847
Maltese Bible 1847
Russia ih Udmurt Bible 1847
Belize Nicaragua ih Garifuna Bible 1847
Russia ih Ossete Bible 1848
Equatorial Guinea ih Bube Bible 1849
Guyana ih Arwak Bible 1850
Cook Tikulh ih Maori Bible 1851
Indonesia ih Tontemboan Bible 1852
Somoan Bible 1855
Africa ih Sesotho Bible 1855
South Africa ih Setswana Bible 1857
Spain ih Basque Bible 1857
Nigeria ih Hausa Bible 1857
Africa ih Nama Bible 1866
New Zealand ih Maori Bible 1858
                        Indonesia ih Dayak Bible 1858
South Africa ih Isixhosa Bible 1859
Kawl Ram ih Karen Bible 1860
Izip ih Nubian Bible 1860
Nigeria ih Igbo Bible  1860
Nigeria ih Efik le Yoruba Bible 1862
Tibetan Bible 1862
Ghana ih Ga Bible 1866
Africa ih Tonga Bible 1862
Ghana ih Twi Bible 1863
Africa ih Isizulu Bible 1865
Tonga ih Niuean Bible 1866
New Caledonia ih Dehu Bible 1868
Africa ih Benga Bible 1871
Africa ih Ewe Bible 1877
Indonesia ih Batak Bible 1878
Thai Bible 1883
A tlunih tarlang mi Bible-pawl hi Received Text sirhsan ih leh mi an si theh, asinan ziangmazawt cu neta lamah Critical Text thlun ih run rem mi an um (David H. Sorenson, Topuch not the unclean thing: Northstar Baptist Ministries, Duluth, MN 55811-1878, 2002, cahmai 84).

Zurup Ram ih hmaisa lamih Bible leh mipawl hi Received Text an si
France thlang lam ih Gallic Kawhhran (A.D. 177),
Great Britain ih Celtic Kawhhran,
Scotland le Ireland Kawhhran,
Kum zabi pali asilole panga ih Codex W Mathai,
Kum zabi panga laiih Codex A thuthangtha pali,
Atu ih a um mi Greek N.T manuscripts tamsawnpawl (A.D. 312-1453),
Kawhhran remthat can ih Bible hmuahhmuah,
Erasmus Greek Thuthlung Thar 1516 le a neta ih a suah mi khal,
Luther German Bible,
Olivetan ih French Bible 1535,
Coverdale Bible 1535,
Matthew’s Bible 1537,
Taverner’s Bible, 1557-1560,
Bishop’s Bible, 1568,
Spanish Bible, 1569,
Beza-ih Greek Thuthlung Thar, 1598 le a dang a run edit-bet mi khal,
King James Bible, 1611

Pathian in a thu a kilhim, a humhim ih kum 1500 sung hmuahhmuah hi Received Text/ TR lawng tawng dangdang in leh a siang ti hi a fiang. Tlaikhawhnupi ih rung suak mi Critical Text hi Received Text hnakih hlun sawn a si ih, rinsan tlak sawn a si ti zumdan hi cu thil cang thei a si lo. TR hi rin tlak lo, corrupt text si sehla Thiang Thlarau in 1500 kum sung hmuahhmuah a thu lehter a siang hrimhrim lo ding.

Ni suahnak lam Kawhhranpawl in Received Text hi an ngansawngsin vivo

Rom Empire pi cu a kau vivo ih, Ni tlaknak lam, an khawpi cu Rom tiin le Ni suahnak lam, an khawpi cu Constantinople tiin an thenaw. Neta lamah cun cui Ni suahnak lam cu Byzantium tiih theih a si ih, “Byzantine” tiih kawh a si. Byzantine san Kawhhran cu netabik ah Greek Orthodox Kawhhran ah an rung cang. Lunglutza a si mi cu Greek Orthodox Kawhhran hin tuini tiangin Received Text hi an hmang. Cuiruangah Received Text hi Byzantine Text ti khalih kawh a si. Byzantine Empire pi hin, Byzantine Kawhhran thawn, A.D. 453 – 1453 sung Constantinople (Byzantium) ihsin a uk. Byzantine uknak ram cu Islamic Turks in 1453 ah a do ih a lak. Asinan, Byzantine uknak can kum 1000 sungah Ni suahnak lam Orthodox Kawhhran in Greek Thuthlung Thar manuscripts tampi an rak ngansawngsin, tuini ah an ngansawngsin mi cu hmuh ding tampi a um (David H. Sorenson, Touch not the unclean thing; cahmai 88)

Received Text/TR hi rinsan tlak a sizia, Kawhhran hmaisabik ihsin an hman mi a sizia Fiangtertu Thu 3:
(1)       Manuscripts (Kut ngan capawl)
(2)       Leh Mi Khuahlan Bible-pawlpawl (Ancient versions)
(3)       Kawhhran palepawlih cangan mipawl

1.Manuscripts (Kut ngan capawl) in an fiangter.
                        Chester Beatty Papyri kha (1933-33) ah nam a si ih, cui kum     
zabi 3 laiih kut ngan ca lakkhawm mi in Received Text/TR a lungkimpi,  a
nemhnget. Zuntz (1953) in a hliakhlainak ih a hmuhsuah mi hitin a ngan: “Thlai
khawhnupi ih run lakkhawm mi a si ding tiih rak  ruah mi ‘Byzantine hmun
tampi ta, a zate deuh thaw in Papyri 46 ah cun an um tariai.” A simbet hrih mi
cu, “A rualpi Manuscript Papyri 45 khalah cuvek a si thotho; thimnak ah, Mat.
26:7 le Apo. 17:13,” tiah a ti (The Text of the Epistles, G. Zuntz, London: Oxford University Press,
1953, Cahmai 55). 1956-1962 ih nam mi Bodmer Papyri khalah cuvek a si thotho.
Birdsall in 1960 ah, “John-ih Bodmer Papyri (Papyrus 66) ah Byzantine Text
sung thu hi malte men a um a si lo,” tiah a ti (D.A. Waite, The King James Version Defended;
cahmai 171). Metzger in 1962 ah Papyri 45, 46 le 66 pawl in Received Text
(Byzinetine) an lungkimpizia zohthim ding thu 23 lai a tarlang. Papyri 75
khalah hmun tampi ah Received Text a lungpizia a um (Lucian and the Lucianic
Recension of the Greek Bible,” by B.M. Metzger, NTS, Vol.8, (1962), Cahmai
202-203). Atu ah leilung tlunah Greek Bible kut ngan mi (Greek Manuscripts)
hi 1967 vekin 5255 a um/ hmuh a si). Cui manuscripts-pawl cu:
(1)   Papyri  (2) minuscules (3) cursives (4) lectionaries an si.



  (a) Papyri Manuscripts- Papyrus parih kut ngan Bible :
                    Papyri manuscript hi atu ah leiltun ah 88 hmuh ding a um ih, zakhat ah hleinga (15%) lawng in “B” le “Aleph”, Westcott le Hort Greek Text (Critical Text) thawn an bangaw.  Tamsawn zakhat ah sawmriat le panga (85%) cu Received Text/TR thawi bangaw an si (D.A.Waite, DFENEDING THE KING JAMES BIBLE, The Bible for Today Press, 2002, cahmai 54).

Sinaitic Syriac Manuscript
Sinaitic Syriac Manuscript hi nunau unau pahnih Mrs Lewis le Mrs Gibson te in phungki inn St. Catherine Sinai Tlang ih an hmuhsuah mi a si. Curuangah a hmin khalah hitiih an saknak a si. Cui Manuscript ah text hlun zet a um. Thimnak ah Received Text/RT sungih um mi Luk. 2:14 Vancungmi hla kha a um. Sawiseltupawl in kum zabi pathumnak hrawngta a si ding tiah an ti. Cuti a si ah cun TR hi khuahlanpi ihsi hman mi a si ti a fiang.
                                   
Codex WHihi Freer Manuscripts of the Gospels (Freer-ih Gospels Manuscripts tinak a si). Cutiih kawh a sinak cu C.L.Freer in 1906 ah Cairo kiang Gizeh ih a lei mi a si ruangah a si. Atu ah Freer Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C ih ret a si. Cumi cu 1912 ah H.A. Sanders in a edit ih, nam a si. Cui cabu sungah Thuthangtha Mathai le Luke Thuthangtha neta lam thenthum thenkhat cu Received Text thawi bangaw rori a si. Doden in 1906 ah Received Text hlunbik a si tiah a ti. Codex W sungih Received Text um mi hin, hi Received Text/TR hi khuahlan Text, kum zabi pali hlanah Izip ram ih an rak hman zo mi a si ti a fiang (The Washington Manuscript of the Four Gospels, by H.C. Sanders, New York: Macmillan, cahmai 41).
 Codex A : Received Text sawiseltupawl hrangih pawimawh zet le tansan zet mi a si ih, kum zabi 5th hrawng ta siih zum a si. Cui manuscripts cu England Siangpahrang hnenah Constaninople khawpi pa ih ruah mi Cyril Lucar in 1627 ah a pe ih, cumi cu Thuthlung Thar manuscript hlunbik si ih kum tampi sung ruah a si. Codex A sungih Apostolpawlih Cangvainak Cabu le Cakuatpawl cu Alexandrian TextA le Aleph thawi bangawknak a tam zet. Asinan, Thuthangtha pali pawl ve thung ah cun Received Text/TR thawn an bawngaw. Cuti asile Codex A cu Received Text/TR hi khuahlan ihsi um zo a sizia fiangtertu pakhat a si lala.

(b)Uncial Manuscripts – Cafang naihaw theh in cafang tum hlir ih ngan mi Greek Manuscript a si. Punctuation a um lo ih, cafang karlak hlatawknak um riai loih ngan mi a si. Uncial Manuscript hlun zetzet khal a um ih, a thar khal tampi a um. Atu ah leilung tlunah Uncial manuscripts 267 a um ih, cumi lakih 9 lawng hi Critical Text/W-H Text thawi bangaw mi an si (3% tinak a si). Cui 267 lakih 258 cu Received Text/TR thawn an bawngaw (97% tinak a si).

(c)Minuscules Manuscripts – Hipawl hi cafang peh thluh ih kut ih ngan mi an si. Cursive Manuscripts ti khalih kawh a si. Cui Manuscript cu atu leitlun ah 2764 hmuh a si ih, cumi lakih 23 lawng hin Critical Text/W-H Text thawn an bangaw (1% tinak a si). A dang 2741 pawl cu Received Text/TR thawn an bangaw (99%) tinak a si.

(d) Lectionary Manuscript Greek Bible le Latin Bible dung lamih siar dingih an ngan mi Kawhhran biakkhawmnak ih an siar theu mi a si. Tui sun ih Hla Bu net lamih siar dingih ngan mi Bible thu vek khi a si. Thupi zet an si ve. Atu ah leilung tlunah Lectionary 2143 hmuh a si. An zate deuh thaw hin Received Text/TR thawn an bangaw. Critical Text/ W-H Text lungkimpitu pakhat hman an um ve lo. Khuahlan Kawhhranpawl hin rinsan tlak lo mi Greek Bible cu an hmang lo ding si khawh, cui Lectionary 2143 zate deuh thaw ih a lungkimpinak hin Received Text rinsan tlak a sizia a langfiang. Pakhat te tal khalih Critical Text/W-H Text lungkimpitu a um lozia hin rin tlak a si lozia kawhhran hmaisa khalin an thei tinak a si.

 2. Leh Mi Khuahlan Bible-pawl in an fiangter.
 Khuahlan ih an leh mi Bible-pawl hi Greek Bible ihsi an leh mi an si. Peshitta Syriac Bible hi (A.D. 150) hi Received Text leh mi a si. Italy sak lam ih Italic Kawhhran (A.D. 157) in Received Text a hmang. France ram thlang lamih um Gallic Kawhhran (A.D. 177) in Received Text a hmang.A tlun tampi kan tarlang zo.

   3. Kawhhran Palepawlih Cangan mipawl in a Fiangter.
            Kawhhran Palepawl kan ti mi hi Kawhharn hmaisa ih Kawhhran hotu, rawngbawltu rinum zetzet Bishop, Pastor an si ih, kawhhranpawl hnenah ca an kuat theu. Cakuat an ngan tikah an Greek Bible le an Latin Bible sung thu vun la tahratin ca an ngan theu. Cui Bible sung thu an vun lakta mi ihsin ziang Bible an hmang ti a fiangter. Critical Text/ W-H Text maw, Received Text/TR an hmang ti fiangtertu tha zet an si ve.
Dean Burgon in Kawhhran Palepawl ih Bible sung thu an
cakuatnak ih an telh mi a lakhawm ih 86000 lai a si. Cui cabu cu atu khalah British Museum Library ah a um. Cui cabupawl cu Volume 16 lai a si. Cui cabupawl cu kut ngan in an si lai. Cui cabupawl ah cun A.D. 100-300 karlakih Kawhhran pale 100 hrawng ih ngan mi a um. A.D. 300- 600 karlakih Kawhhran pale 200 hrawngih ngan mi a um. Cui Kawhhran pale 300 hrawngih ngan mi ca ihsi hin an kut ah ziang Bible a um, an hmang ti a fiangter. Cupawl lakah mi 76 pawl cu A.D. 400 hlanih thi an si. Edward Miller in cui cabu pi sung thu a zingzawinak ih a hmuhsuah mi cu cui Kawhhran pale A.D 400 hlanih thipawl ih Bible sung thu an lak mipawl tamsawn cu Received Text/TR ta an si ti thu a si. Critical Text/ W-T Text sung ta khal cu a um ve ko. A.D 400 hlanih thi Kawhhran palepawl mi 76-pawl ih an cakuat ngan mi ih Cathiang an lak mi 4383 lakah 2630 (60%) cu Received Text/TR ta a si ih, 1753 (40%) cu Critical Text/W-H Text ta a si. San Thar sawiseltupawl in Received Text hi kum zabi 4 hlanih ca ngan mi ah an telh lo lawlaw an ti mi cu thuphan a si ti a fiang. Dr. Moorman in A.D. 110–397 karlak ih thi Kawhhran palepawlih cangan mipawl ihsin Cathiang an lak mi 401 a khaikhin tikah 279 cu Received Text/TR an lungkimpi ih, 114 asilole 122 cun B le Aleph (W-H Text le Nestle/Aland) an lungkimpi ti a hmusuak (D.A.Waite, Defending the King James Bible, cahmai 58).

ManuscriptsB” le “Aleph” Zohfelnak

Westcott le Hort dungtluntupawlih sirhsan mi manuscripts pahnih cu B le Aleph 
hi a si. B cu Vatican manuscript a si ih, Aleph cu Sinai manuscript a si. Cupawl
cu cafang naiaw thluh (uncials) ih ngan mi kum zabi 4 ta siih zum a si. Dr. D.A
Waite in, “A neitupawl in hmang lem loih an ret men mi a si a zumum tiah a ti.
Hman lem lo mi a si a zumnak san hitin a rel, ‘Hi manuscripts neitupawl in
rinsan tlak lo, zirhtusualpawlih cawhrawi thluh zo mi a sizia an thei. Westcott le
Hort le anmai pawmdan thluntupawl in B le Aleph hi rinsan tlak, a cungnung mi
a si, ziangahtile manuscript hlunbik a si ih, an dikbik tiah an ti. A taktak ah cun
a hlunbik le a dikbik an si hrimhrim lo. Zirhtusualpawl ih diklo ko rak tuah
(corrupt) mi an si. Hi manuscripts-pawl siat loih a himnak san a pakhatnak cu
Izip ram nikhua in a humhim. A pahnihnak cu Kawhhranpawl in hman tlak loih
an ruah ruangah an hmang lo. Hmang hai sehla a siat thluh tengteng ding,’” tiah
a ti (D.A. Waite, Cahmai 58).            
Vatican Manuscript (“B ”) cu Vatican Library ih ret a si. Sinai Manuscript
(Aleph) cu St. Catherine phungki umnak inn cahnah siava hlawnnak bawm
sungih sar a si. Thlatang khawsik hlumawkternak ding meisa sungih hlawn
dingih ret mi an si. German-mi Tischendorf in cui manuscripts cu St.Catherine
phungki umnak inn ihta cu a lei. Zirhnaksual kengtupawl ih rak thleng,
danglamter zo mi a si. Tischendorf cu a umnak khua ah a tlung ih cui
manuscripts hmang in a Greek Bible edit zo mi cu hmun tampi a thlengsal.
Tischendorf ih B le Aleph thu a report pek mi Cecil J. Carter in The Oldest
and the Best Manuscripts—How Good Are They? ti mi a cabu sungah hitin a
ngan, “15000 thleng mi a um a si,” tiin (D.A.Waite, cahmai 59). Cuti a si ah cun
Bible ngantupawlih ngan vek si nawn lo, 15000 lai thleng mi um mi cu rinsan
tlak a si thei ding maw?
         
Hi mi B le Aleph hi bangawk lonak (kalhawknak) Thuthangtha pali sung vial
hmanah 3000 lai a um a si tiah Hoskier cun a ti (D.A.Waite, cahmai 59). Hort in an
Greek Bible thar 1881 thuhmaihruai ah B le Aleph an pahnih an bawngawk asile
a dik a si tiah kan pawm. An bangawk lo asile B thawi bangaw mi manuscript
dang pakhat kan hmuh le cucu a dik ah kan pawm lala. Cun B thawi bangaw
manuscript dang kan hmuh lo asile B lawng kha a tawk ko tiah kan ruat tiah a ti.
Cuti asile B kha an duhsawn, an hrilsawn cia tinak a si. “B” a diksawn ti
nemhngettu a um cuang lo. Cuvek manuscripts cu a rinsan tlak lo tinak a si.
Ziangruangah B kha an ring cuangsawn a si pei? A san nemhngettu tling tha a
um lo. 

Westcott le Hort cu Vatican manuscript (B) parah an thumaw. Cumi cu A.D
350-375 karlak ih ngan mi siih zum a si. Hi rori hi tiin an hlir ciamco. Burgon le
Miller te in Kawhhran Palepawl ih an cangan mi ih Cathianghlim an telh mi
86000 an lakkhawm mipawl a tamsawn cu B le Aleph hlan ta an si. “A hlunbik
hi a thabik a si,” tiih Westcott le Hort ih an pawmdan hi a dik asile, anmai tuah
mi Westcott le Hort Greek Text cu a thabik lo tinak a si. Anmai pawmdan lala
in anmai Greek Bible tuah mi thiam lo a coter. Ziangahtile kum zabi 4 hlanih
Kawhhran palepawl in an cangan mi ih an lak mi Cathianghlimpawl hi B le
Aleph sung ta si lo, Received Text/TR ta a si. B le Aleph hi a hlunbik khal an si
lo ti a fiang. Ignatius cu A.D 110 ah a thi. A cangan mipawl sungih Cathiang a
lak mi pathum cu Received Text/TR ta an si. Westcott le Hort le an
dungtluntupawl in Received Text/TR cu neta lamih an ngan mi a si, khuahlan
laiih an hman mi a si lo ruangah a tha lo, rinsan tlak lo mi a si tiah an ti.
Cuitlunah A.D. 400 hlanah cangan mipawl ah Received Text/TR sung ta lak mi
an um lo tiah thuphan rori an rel fawn. Cutiih an ti mi a diklozia cu a tlunah kan
fiangter zo.King James Version in an leh mi, an thlun mi Greek Received
Text/TR hi Kawhhran hmaisabik ihsi an run hman vivo mi a sizia fiangtertu le
nemhngettu tampi nei hi rinsan tlak bik le a thabik, Pathian ih a humhim mi a
tawngkam a si.

The “Jesus Papyrus”( Magdalen GR 17):

A hlun bik le tha bik le rinsan tlak mi manuscripts cu Vaticanus le Sinaiticus codices an ti tiah Critic-pawl in an ti theu. Hi te pahnih hi Bible ngantupawlih ngan mi aiawhtu Greek hlun bik leitlun ih um a si tiah an tang. Cui pawmdan  thudik a si lozia cu Magdalen GR 17 tiih an kawh mi an hmuhsuah thar papyrus in a fiangter. Magdalen GR 17 cu atu ah Magdalen College, Oxford University ih ret a si.  Cui thu report peknak fiangfel zet cu December 1996 ih the Baptist Reformed Fellowship Journal ah a um. Weidenfield-Nicolson(England) le Doubleday (Newyork) teih namsuak mi “ The Jesus Papyrus” ti mi cabu sungah Dr. Carsten Peter Thiede ih ngan mi thu hitin a um, “Magdalen GR 17 hi ‘Jesu mit rori ih hmutu san ta a si…. Curuangah Magdalen papyrus GR 17 hi Greek Thuthlung Thar manuscript hlun bik le Leilung tlunih manuscript thupibik ah a cang,” tiin. Tawng dangih kan sim asile hih papyrus hi A.D. 60 hrawng ta asilole cuhnakih hlan ta a si thei tinak a si. Kum zabi 1-nak laifang hrawngih Qumran hmun ih hmuhsuah mi manuscript ih kut ngandan thawn an bangaw, tiah a Tibet. Cuitlunah cui papyrus hmai lam le dung lam ah kut ih ngan a si, cu cu kum zabi 1-nak hrawngih ca an ngandan a si.
            Magdalen GR 17 ah papyrus phek parih kut cangan mi phek tete 3 a um ih, cumi cu Mat. 26:7-8,26:10,14-15, 22-23, 31-33 tla an si. Kha Bible cangpawl thu siar tikah Received Text/TR thawn an bawngaw ta riai. The Baptist Reformed Fellowship Journal in “ Papyrus Magdalen RG 17 le Received Text/TR thu hitin report a ngan:
“ GR 17 zohfeltupawl in fiang zetih lang lo zohnak laser-scanning microscope thawn an zoh, an tawlrel tikah zingzawitupawl in papyrus parih cangan mi Greek ca cu fiangter an hmusuak thei. Cui Greek Bible ngan mi tetepawl cu Westcott – Hort Greek Bible, Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece 27th Edition thawn an khaikhin/thim tikah an bangawk lozia a fiang tuk lawmmam.
Cabu suahtu Thiede le D’Ancona te in manuscript GR 17 parih um Mat. 26 :22 Greek tawngfang 4 te lasuak tahrat in Westcott-Hort Greek Bible le a tefa Critical Text dang Nestle-Aland le United Bible Society Greek New Testament pawl  thawi an bangawk lozia an tarlang. Greek Bible phun hnih Westcott-Hort le received Text/TR thawn Papyrus GR 17 parih ngan mi cu khaikhin hnik sehla a bangawk lozia cu a fiang zet.
              
                                Mat. 26 :22 netabik tawngkam pa 4 te

Westcott-Hort …….legein auto heis hekastos)
Papyrus GR 17…….( legein auto hekastos auton)
Textus Receptus…...( legein auto hekastos auton)

Papyrus GR 17 hi kum zabi 4 hrawngih hmuhsuah mi, a hlun bik le a rinumbik a ti mi hnakih hlun sawn Papyrus GR 17 cu Received Text/TR thawn an bangaw tariai. Cucun Received Text/TR rinsan a tlak sawn zia, cumi thlun ihn leh mi Bible rinsan an tlak sawn ti nemhngettu pakhat a si
(Dr. Jeffrey Khoo, The KJV-NIV Debate, Far Eastern Bible College Lecture Notes, Singapore, 98, p. 28).












Sinai le Vatican manuscripts-pawl hi kum zabi 4 hlanih kawhhranpawl ih an
rak hnawn mi, rinsan tlak lo a si tiih an siar lo mi aiawhtu manuscripts malte
an si. Pathian ih a thu a kilkhawi le kilhimnak hnuaiah hipawl hnakih
manuscripts rinumsawn cu karhter, san khat hnu san khat kawpi (copy) vivo
a si. Atu ih a um mi manuscripts tam sawn (bangaw, lungkimpiaw, cucu
Received Text hi a si) hi rinsan tlak text sersuah mi, cucu Byzantine san
(A.D. 312-1453) Grik kawhhran pumpi ih nemhngeh mi a si. Cui Text cu
Erasmus, Stephens le kum zabi 16 ih Greek Thuthlung Thar khawmtupawl
ih neih mi manuscripts-pawl (an neih sunte) in a aiawh a si. A umzia cu an
neih mi kha hlanlaiih an rak hman mi Bible a si tinak a si. Cui rinsan tlak mi
Greek Bible cu King James Bible lettupawlih an rak tlun mi Bible a si. Kan
ram ah cun Kawl Bible, Mon Bible, Karen Bible hi a si ih, kan Lai tawng
khalin siar ding tha nei sehla ti hi duhthusam a si e. Atu ah Bibles
International pawlih hohatnak in Hakha tawng, Matu tawng, Zotung tawng,
Bual Khaw tawng pawl in Thuthlung Thar an let rero ih, 2012 sungah
namsuak ding mi tla an um. Tedim tawng le Hakha tawng cun Thuthlung
Thar a suak zo ih, mipi ih hman rero a si. Atu ah Tedim tawng le Falam
tawng in Thuthlung Hlun tawlrel rero lai a si ih, Thuthlung Thar khal remsal
rero a si. Atu ah Rawang tawng le Akha tawng khalih let dingin an tawlrel
rero laifang a si.























BIBLE PHUN HNIH RUNG UM VIVO DAN

Pathian Tawngkam run ngansawng(copy) Vivo Dan

W-H TEXT                               KUM(A.D)                RECEIVED TEX/TR
        *                                                                                    *
        *                                           100………………….Kawhhran Hmaisa               
        *                                           200…………………..Peshitta Bible
        *                                           300                                   *
Sinaiticus/Vaticanus………...     400                                   *
        *                                           500………………….CD Alexandrinus
        *                                           600………………….CD Basiliensis
        *                                           700……………….Maniscript
Manuscripts                                  800                            tampi
   malte                                          900                      hmuhsuah a si
hmuhsuah a si……………..        1000……….Manuscripts 1997 hmuhsuah a si
      *                                             1100                               *
      *                                             1200                               *
      *                                             1300                               *
      *                                             1400                               *
      *                                             1500………….Erasmus, Stephanus
      *                                             1600………….Beza, KJV, Elzivirs
      *                                             1700                               *
Tischendorf……………….         1800                               *
W-H, Nesttle-Aland, UBSGNT  1900                                *
 ASV, RSV, NASV,NIV,TEV..  2000...............NKJV
UBS Hakha Baibal.....................         ...........BI Tedim Thuthlung Thar
UBS Falam Baibal…………….          ……..BI Matu Thuthlung Thar
UBS Tedim Baibal…………….          ……..BI Mizo Thuthlung Thar
UBS Bible Dangpawl…………          …….  BI Falam Thuthlung Thar
 …………………………………        ……   BI Bible Dangpawl
United Bible Society……………       ………Trinitarian Bible Society,
·                                                                                                                 ……  Bibles International
·                                                                                                                               *
(Manuscripts 400 hrawng……….       …   (Manuscripts 5250 hmuhsuah mi
  lawng hmuhsuah mi                                       parih thumaw a si)
    Parih thumaw  a si)
  
       





THUTHLUNG THAR GREEK TEX PHUN HNIH

RINUM LO BIBLE                                                    RINUM MI BIBLE
 (Corrupted Text)                                                           (Preserved Text)
                                        
              *                                                                              *
ALEXANDRIAN TEXT………                ………..BYZANTINE TEXT
              *                                                                              *
KUM ZABI 4 HRAWNGIH…..                                          *
           HNAWN                                                                    *
              *                                                   …………PAWM MI LE                                                                                  
              *                                                             NGANSAWNGSIN(COPY)
  CODEX SINAITICUS &............                                   MI
      CODEX VATICANUS                                                *
    HMAN LO IH RET MEN……….            ............. MINUSCULES
              *                                                                            *
              *                                                         ………..RECEIVED TEXT/TR
              *                                                                            let
              *                                                         …………KJV (1611)
1860 hrawngah Codex Sinaiticus……                                *
             Le                                                                            *                      
Codex Vaticanus Hmusuak…………..          …….             *
Westcott & Hort in Cawisang………..           …….            *
             *                                                                               *
Nestle-Aland Text……………………            …..KAWL BIBLE (1635)
            Le                                                                              *
UBS Greek Text thumawknak……….            …..MON BIBLES(1847)
            let                                                          ….KAREN BIBLE(1860)
            *                                                                                *
ASV, RSV, NASV,NIV,TEV……….           ............NKJV
UNITED BIBLE SOCIETY…………       …TRINITARIAN BIBLE SOCIETY                                                                                   
                                                                    … BIBLES INTERNATIONAL
                                                                                   










BIBLE  THU IH THEIH THA TETE

TR                   =   Received Text/TR, 1976
WH                 =   Westcott and Hort, 1881                          
N                     =   Nestle, 23 edition, 1957
BS                   =   Bible Society, 3rd edition, 1976
KJV                 =   King James Version, 1917
RSV                =   Revised Standard Version, 1952
NIV                 =   New International Version, 1973
TEV                =   Today’s English Version, 1976

Everett W. Fowler in “EVALUATING VERSIONS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT” ti mi a cabu sungah a hnuai lam vekin report a ngan:

KJV ih an thlun mi Received Text/TR Greek Thuthlung Thar ih um mi Greek Bible dang Critical Text ih um lo mipawl:

*Westcott/Hort Greek Thuthlung Thar ah Bible Cang 18 a um lo.
*Nestle, 23rd edition, 1957 Greek Thuthlung Thar ah  Cang 31 a um lo.
*Bible Society, 3rd edition, 1976 Greek Thuthlung Thar ah  Cang 17 a um lo.
*Revised Stand Version Thuthlung Thar ah Cang 46 a um lo.
*New International Version Thuthlung Thar ah Cang  17 a um lo.

Bible cang pakhat sungih thu pawimawh hrekkhat Received Text/TR/KJV sungih um mi Greek Bible dang pathum le English Bible pahnih ih um dan cu hivek in a si:

*Westcott/Hort Greek Thuthlung Thar ah hmun 193 um lo.
*Nestle, 23rd edition, 1957 Greek Thuthlung Thar ah  hmun 191 um lo.
*Bible Society, 3rd edition, 1976 Greek Thuthlung Thar ah  185 um lo.
*Revised Stand Version Thuthlung Thar ah 187 um lo.
*New International Version Thuthlung Thar ah 180 um lo.

 *Received Text/TR ih um mi, Bible Society Text (3rd Edition) sungih um lo  
     tawngfang 3602 a um ih, cucu 41.5%  tinnak a si.
*Bible Society Text (3rd Edition) sungih um mi, Received Text/TR sungih um lo
        tawngfang  976 a um ih, cucu 11.2% tinak a si.
*Hih Greek Bible phunhnih ah tawngfang dangaw 3146 a um ih, cucu 36.3%  
       tinak a si.
   



Received Text/TR/ KJV sungih um Westcott & Hort Greek Bible, Nestle Greek Bible le Bible Society Greek sungih um lo zat cu a hnuaiah kan tarlang hnik pei:
                                                                                                                                                          
                                                                   WH                     N                           BS

*Bible Cang pumpi um lo mi….………..   18                      20                          17
*Bible cang khat sungih thu
  pawimawh hrekkhat um lo mi..……..   193                    191                        185
*A dang um lo mi tete..……………….  1244                  1220                      1107
*Pathian hmin hrelh mi   ……………..    221                    230                        212
*Pathian hmin aiawhtu
  pronoun hrelh mi……………...……..    183                    192                        157
*Bet mi   ………………………………   173                    156                        161
*Sullam danglampi neiter tawngfang...  1821                   1773                     2018
*Greek tangfang um lo mi zat   ……….  2824                   2987                    2632
Greek tawngfang bet zat ......................     347                    306                       317
(Everett W.Fowler: Evaluating Versions of the New Testament, Maranatha Baptist Press,Wisconsin,1981)

 ENGLISH BIBLE VERSION         LEH MI GREEK BIBLE                 LEH KUM       
King James Verson……….            Received Text/TR  …………       1611, edition 1769
Revised Standard Version...            Nestle-Aland Text …   …….       1952
New International Version.               Electic Text   ……………..       1978
Today’s English Version ...            United  Bible Societ’s Text  ..      1976
New King James Version..             Received Text/TR   …………      1982

KAWLRAM BIBLE HREKKHAT PAWL           
Kawl Bible (Judson leh mi)            Received Text/TR……………..      1835      
Mon Bible  ……………….            Received Text/TR……………..      1847
Karen Bible  .……………..            Received Text…………………..    1960
UBS Hakha Bible……………      Critical Text……………………       ?
UBS Falam Bible ……………      Critical Text……………………      ?
UBS Tedim Bible……………       Critical Text…………………...       ?
BI Tedim Bible……………          Received Text/KJV/NKJV………
BI Falam Bible……………          Received Text/KJV/NKJV……….2009
Bi Matu Bible……………..          Received Text/KJV/NKJV………
BI Hakha Bible…………..            Received Text/KJV/NKJV………    Let lai
BI Zotung Bible.………….           Received Text/KJV/NKJV…………Let lai
BI Bualkhaw Bible…….               Received Text/KJV/NKJV……  Nam rero lai
*****


    Cabu Rawn Mipawl:

1. D.A.Waite, DFENDING THE KING JAMES BIBLE, The Bible for  
    Today Press, Collingswood, New Jersey 08108, 2002.
2. David H.Sorenson: Touch Not The Unclean Thing
3. David Otis Fuller: True or False?
4. Everett W.Fowler: Evaluating Versions of the New Testament
5. Eward F. Hills: The King James Version Defended
6. Thomas M. Strouse: Refutation of Dr. Daniel Wallace’s Rejection of the
    KJV as the Best Translation.
7. Brooke Foss Westcott and Fenton John Anthony Hort, Introduction to the
    New  Testament in the Original Greek with Notes on Selected Readings,
     London:Macmillan & Co., 1882; reprint, Peabody, Mass: Hendrickson,
     1988.
8. Kenyon, Our Bible and the Ancient Manuscripts, New York: Harper
     Brothers, 1895, 19510.
9. Frederick Nolan, An Inguiry into the Integrity of the Greek Vulagate: or
    Received Text of the New Testament (London: F.C.& J.Rivington, 1815.
10. Frederic Kenyon, Handbook to the Textual Criticism of the New
      Testament, 2d ed. Grand RapidsL Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1951)
11. The Washington Manuscript of the Four Gospels, by H.C. Sanders, New
      York:  Macmillan.
12. David Daniell, The Bible in English, Yale University Press, New Haven,
      London, 2003.
13. David Cloud, The Glorious History of the King James Bible, Way of
      Life Literature, 2006.
14. Charles L. Surrett, Which Greek Text? The Debate Among 
      Fundamentalist, Surret Family Publication, Kingsa Mountain, 1999.
15. Wilbur N. Pickering, The Identity of the New Testament, Thomas Nelson 
       Publishers, Nashville, 1980.

16. G. W. Anderson, The Greek New Testament Text, Trinitarian Bible
      Society, London.
17. The Divine Origin, Trinitarian Bible Society, London.
18. G.W. Anderson & D.E. Anderson, The English Bible Its Origin,
       Preservation and Blessing, Trinitarian Bible Society, London.
19.G. W. Anderson & D.E. Anderson, Why 1John 5:7-8 is in the Bible,
       Trinitarian Bible Society, London.
20. Phil Stringer, In Defense of 1John 5:7, Landmark Baptist Press,
       Haines City, 2001.
21. The Learned Men, The Translators of the Authorized Version of the
      Holy Bible in English A.D. 1611, Trinitarian Bible Societ, London.
22. Donald L. Brake with Shelly Beach, A Visual History of the King James
       Bible, BakerBooks, Grand Rapids, 2011.
23. Paul D. Wegner, The Jouney from Texts to Translations, The Origin and
      Development of the Bible, Baker Academic, 1999.
24. Timothy Tow & Jeffrey Khoo,  Theology for Every Christian, Far
       Eastern Bible College Press, Singapore, 1998.
25. Thomas M. Strouse, The LORD GOD hath SPOKEN, A guide to
       Bibliology, Emmanuael Baptist Publication, Connecticut,  2007.
26. Andrew J. Browb, The Word of God Among All Nations, A Brief
       History of the Triniterian Bible Society 1831-1981, Trinitarian Bible
       Society, 1981.
27. Jeffrey Khoo, The KJV- NIV Dabate, An Annotated Syllabus, Far
       Eastern Bible College, Singapore, 1998.


                           ************
TEV Hnakih KJV Thatsawnnak 5

Jedidya Lal Lian Zual

Bible thuhla ah hin elawknak a phunphun a suak theu. Bible text le
version thuhla cipciar takih zingzawi ding cun subject tum takih  hman
a tul ding ih cahmai 300 tlun lam daih a si ding. Asinan tui tumah cun
canngantui tithei tawk le dinghmun, siartui tuldan ih zirin cahmai
pahinh khatih pawhtawi kan tum ding.

Hi thu ngan tikah mi pakhatkhat simaw, pawlkawm pakhatkhat simaw,
kawhhran pakahtkhat simaw eltainak, simsiatnak le hlawnthlak duhnak
lam si loin( cuvekzawng khalin zohman ruat lo sehla) Pathian thu
conservative takih tannak lamah ngai sawn sehla. Cumi cu cangantui
thinlung khal a si. Laimi, a hleicein Falammi cu malte kan si ruangah
thu lakdan thiam loin kan hak sual pang theu. Curuangah hruaitu zahum
deuh tla cu Book Review hman tuah ngam a si lo. An kawhhran le an
uifim pawlin in keuthat pang ding ti tluk a si. Mirang le ramdang cu
hun tanta sehla kan hmuanthlang Mizoram hmanah Presbyterian kawhhran
veve khal thu cuhaw-in an elaw tuito theu. Cucu a thangso le fim
pawlih mizia a si.

Cutivek thinlung kau le tluangtlam kan put thiam ding tikcu hngak
phahin fimkhurten kekar phahin Pathin Thu ih Conservative Evangelical
dinhmun in hihi ka rawn thawh ve a si. Pathian thu cu a nung ih huham ih khat a si. Sersiamtu a si ih nun
petu khal a si. Curuangah cabu dang vek men ih tham ding a si lo. Thu
thianghlim le zahum a si. Cuih thu cu King James Version hin a kilhim in a dinpi bikin a lang.
Cuti ka ti theinak 5 te hun tarlang sehla....

  1. Text Thasawn (Superior Text) Kut ngan cabu hi tampi a um ih
Greek le Latin lephei cun a thawng tel a um ngai. Asinan Textus
Receptus (TR) hi rin tlakbikah Bible zumtupawl cun an pawm. Jerome in
Latin vulgate a leh ihsin kawhhran san a pehpeh –Martin Luther in
German tawngih a leh tiangin Receipt Text (Hlansawngawk mi casual)
rori hi hman a si. Cu cu Wycliff  le William Tyndale pawl khalin an
rawn hmang vivo ih Geneva Bible, KJV, NKJV tiang hman vivo a si.
Judson ih Kawl ih a leh tik khalah hi thotho hi hman a si. Asinan
Today English Version cu West Cott le Hort ih ngansawn mi text hman a
si. Hi text hi United Bible Society in a pawm ruangah UBS text ti
khalih kawh a si ih Evangelical pawl cun critical text an ti theu.
Critical text ( Sawisel Ca) an tinak san cu a tlun ih ngansawngtu mi
pahnih khi Liberal tuk thilmak tampi zumlotu le falahim hrin(virgin
birth) tiang zumlotu an si ruangah a si. Tahthimnak pakhatte hun la
sehla Isaiah 7:14 ih falahim a rai ding ti khal khai nuno note timi
hman a si. I Kor 15:31 ih “I die daily” nitin ka thi ti ding hman khi
“Nitinte thihnak ka tawng zikte theu” tiin an kawpi sawng a si. TR ah
cun an tisual hinh khat cu a um ve ko ding nan uluk takih kawpi a si
ruangah a let tampiin a thasawn hrimhrim.
  2. Theology Thasawn (Superior Theology) KJV theology ih a
thatsawnnak hi rel hman tul loin a lang cia. TEV hmun tampi ah thisen
timi um loin hlawn a si. Cun hrekkhatah  thisen ti aiah thihnak tiih
leh a si. Theology na zir cun THISEN le THIHNSK ih danglamnak cu na
thei mai ding. Cun TEV ah cun remawksalnak (reconsilation) ti tawngkam
khal hman a si lo. Cun thiamcoternak (justification) ti mi theology
thupi tuk khal hman a si lo. TEV thasawn vekih reltupawl hin Theology
zirnakah an hmang dah lo ti a siang. TEV ah cun Mirinum ti khal a um
lo hokhaw. Rinsan tlak tiih hman a si. Mi rinum le rinsan tlak lawng
hman Bible tlawngta hrangah cun zir tham a si. Hivek hi hmun
thawngkhat leng lo khih ding a um.

  3. Lehdan Thasawn( Superior Transilation Technology) Bible lehdan
hi phun tampi a um.  A. Literal transilation= a tican vek ciah ih a
sinak ciah leh. B. Dynamic Equivalent =A duhsan zulh ih leh. Hi hi
thazet vekin a lang nan Bible lehnak hrang a tihnung tuk. C.
Paraphrase = Simfiang phun ih leh. Hi hi Bible lehlindan ih dinhmun
niambik a si.

           KJV lettupawl cun A nak khi an hmang ih TEV lettupawl cun
B le C kawm an      hmang. KJV lettupawl cun cafang kip, grammar kip
le a tican kip ah a san peng lo          dingin an let nan TEV
lettupawl cun an nuainam men theu. Thimnakah Tirhthlah     2 thu ih
Miricle, sign and wonder ti mi hman khi hminsinnak le mangbangza
an ti men. Thilmak, hminsinnak le mangbangza ti sehla akim ding nan.
Cun Jesu             kawhnakih an hman Lord, Master, Sir, Teacher
tipawl khal khi Bawipa le Sayapa           ti in cawkpawlh thluh a si.
Leviticus lamih thil rawng phun 7 tivek khal phun li        lawngih
leh a si.  An rak tuanbangnak cu zahum zet khal sehla Pathian Thu hi
an    dekcawk deuh maw ti ding a sinak lai tampi a um.

  4. Lettu Thasawn( Superior Translator) Bible Version le text thu
rel tikah Bible lettupawl nun hi zoh tel lo theih a si lo. TEV (UBS)
text kawpi sawngtu West Cott and Hort tei nun zingzawi tikah Anglicak
pastor, piangthar lo, liberal emem, Pathian thilti mak khal zum mumal
lo an si. Asinan KJV lettupawl kan zoh tik( KJV cu William Tyndale
leipawlih lehcia rem kan ti zo kha) Wycliff= thih ngam, William
Tyndale= Bible leh ruangih Martar, Geneva ih kawhhran tuahthatupawl=
Pathian thu ruangaih tiduhdah le hrem tuar raltlan an si. Cun KJV
buaipitu mi 50 hrawng nunnak zoh tikah Puritan san tiangih Pathian
hrangih serhhrangaw, nun thianghlim uar, rinnak ih kekartu le Bible
Pathian thu buaipi le thih ngam an si. Curuangah a lettupawl ih nun hi
a tanaw tuk lawlaw.
  5. Thuanthu Thasawn (Superior History) KJV le TEV cu an thuanthu
cio zoh tik khalah an tanaw tuk. KJV hmangtupawl hi Pathianmi deuh
hlir an si ih TEV hmangtu leitlun huap mi hminthang thuahthu ah a lang
an um lo. TR ihsin KJV ah a hmangtupawl cu Jerome, Augustine, Martin
Luther, Calvin, George Whitefield, John Wesley, Baptist thusim
hminthang Supergion, DL Moody, Jonathan Edward le mi tampi. Tu lai
sanah Rev. Rick Warren in “Keimah cun KJV ka siar theu nan mipi hmaiah
cun NIV khal ka siar. A san cu mino pawl hrangah theih a awl.” A rak
ti dah. John McArthur, Ryrie, Paul Enns, Bob Jones, Warren Wersbe,
Billy Graham le mi tampi.

Curuangah KJV lawng Pathian thu lole thawtkhum kan ti lo nan Version
dang thawn cun khaikhin ci a si lo. Peter Ruckman vekin KJV hi
advanced revelation(Original manuscript ih um lo KJV ah a kim ti
zumnak) ti khalin kan pawm lo nan a cungnung sawn ti cu el rual a si
lo.  Pathian thu hi palbet in zozo simaw kan cawisan pang cun Setan a
lungawi tuk ding. Ziangah Bible ttha neih cu kan dodal ciamco ding?


------------------------------------





TEXTUS RECEPTUS LE KING JAMES VERSION HI
RINSANTLAKBIK AN SI KO E!:
DR HRE KIO IH CAHRAM “FALAM BAIBAL THIANGHLIM HI
RINSAN A TLAK NGAINGAI MAW?” ZOHHLIAHSAKNAK











BY

BIAK LAWM THANG












YANGON, MYANMAR
JANUARY 2012



A SUNG THU
THUHMAIHRUAI .....................................................................................................  3
       Saya Hre Kio ih Pawmdan Langfiangternak ........................................................  3

ZOHHLIAHSAKNAK ...............................................................................................  5

       Grik Bible ..............................................................................................................  5

              Kutnganca “Tuan” pawl hi An ~hadeuh taktak maw? ..................................  5
              Kutnganca “Tuanbik” pawl An ~hatbiklozia Langternak ..............................  7
              Bible Thiam Hmuahhmuah ih Pawm mi? .....................................................  13
              Erasmus le Textus Receptus ..........................................................................  14
                     “Beetmi”? ..............................................................................................  14
                     “Telh lomi”? ..........................................................................................  16
                     Desiderius Erasmus ...............................................................................  17
                     Erasmus ih Hman mi Grik Kutnganca ...................................................  18
                     Erasmus le Grik Kutnganca lakih Bangawklonakpawl .........................  19
                     “Textus Receptus” timi Hmin hi “Kyaw-ngianak” men a si maw? ......  19

       King James Version .............................................................................................  21

              Ziangruangah KJV An Let? .........................................................................  21
              Leh mi maw Rem mi deuh? .........................................................................  21
              “Khuimi KJV bik?” ......................................................................................  22
              Ziangah KJV ah Apocrypha a Tel? ..............................................................  22
              KJV le Fundamentalist Lungput ..................................................................  23
              KJV ih Rinsantlak Sinak ..............................................................................  23

THUNETNAK ...........................................................................................................  25

ENDNOTES ...............................................................................................................  26

THUBET ....................................................................................................................  30


THUHMAIHRUAI

            December 5, 2011 ah Saya Hre Kio in, “Falam Baibal Thianghlim hi rinsan a tlak taktak maw?” timi, Saya Sui Lian Mang ih “Bible Dangdang Khaikhinnak” fakselnak a rak ngan.[i] Hi ca hi `haten siar tikah, Saya Sui ih cahram fakselnak lawng si loin, King James Version (KJV) le Textus Receptus (TR) rinsantlaklo ih thlakniamnak thu a si ruangah, Saya Hre Kio le Saya Sui karlak thu men lawng a si lo. Zumtu hmuahhmuah ih buaipitlak le buaipi ding “Khuimi Bible rinsan a tlakbik?” timi thu sawn a si. An pahnih karlak thu men a silozia Saya Hre Kio ih `awngkam ah hitin a lang, “Hitawk ih ka langter duhmi cu: Dr Sui Lian Mang ih a thlunmi Mirang Baibal King James Version hi rinsan tlak bik a si lo, tile Grik Baibal a thlun mi Textus Receptus khal hi rinsan tlak bik a si thotho lo, (a kim lo mi a um ih beetmi tla a um) tihi ka langter duhmi a si” (2); “Hih ka nganmi cahram hi Falam Baibal a hmangtu hrang lawngah a si lo; Hakha Baibal a hmangtu siesh, Saya Thang Hup ih lehmi a hmangtu, Saya Sui Lian Mang ih lehmi Baibal siartu le Mizo Baibal a hmangtu pawl khal siseh, an siar ciar ve dingah ka duhnak a si. Cule Kawl `ong in Baibal lehmi – Judson Version siartu khal in an siar dingah ka duhsak a si” (12). Hivekin Saya Hre Kio in duhsaknak kau a neih ruangah, thil umdan taktak cuai kan thlai thiam ih, thudik kan hmuhfiang thei ding beisei in tui ca hi ngan ve a si.
Curuangah, tui ca ahcun bulpak thu ah va lut loin, Saya Hre Kio ih KJV le Textus Receptus rinsantlakbik an si lo a ti mi le Falam Baibal hi “a tuanbik lamih nganmi Grik Baibal thlun ih lehhmi a si. Rintlak a si” (11) a ti mi hi a dik taktak maw, evidence hngetkhoh a um taktak maw, timi sawn hi kan hmuitin ding mi cu a si.[ii] Cumi rualin Textus Receptus le King James Version ih rinsantlakbik si sawn zia langfiangter phahphah a si fawn ding. Zoih zirh/sim/ngan mi a si khalle, bih ciamciam ta zet lo cun pawm/hnawl mai loin, a thu umdan ciamciamten zoh ta tahratih evidence cuai thlai ngah ta hnu lawngah pawm/hnawl sawn ding a si, ti le minung pakhat le pakhat hi doawk a `ul lo, asinan zoih zirh/sim/ngan mi khal asile, an dik le diklo hniksak ih a dik mi pawm dingah zumtu hmuahhmuah in mawhphurh kan nei, ti kan theihhngilh lo ding hi ca ngantu in a cahawk hmaisat duh mi a si (siar Tirh 17:11; 1 John 4:1).


Saya Hre Kio ih Pawmdan Langfiangternak

            Saya Hre Kio in KJV le a hram Grik Bible Textus Receptus rinsantlakbik ih a hmuh ve lo thu a ngan mi hi tui `um lawng a si lo, vawi hnih thum lai a ngan zo.[iii] Cui a ngan zo mipawl le tui `um ih a ngan mi ahhin a thu fehpidan an bangaw, an luang khat thluh. Theih awl ding zawngin a hnuai lam vekin khaikhawmsak theih a si:

1.      KJV hi Mirang Bible lakih rinsantlakbik a si lo, tlaksamnak (limitations) ziangmawzat a nei mi a si. KJV ih sirhsan mi Grik Bible Textus Receptus (TR) khal hi Grik Bible dangdang lakah rinsantlakbik a si lo, cu hnakih `hasawn an um. Curuangah Bible `awng dang ih lehnak ah KJV le TR hi sirhsan ih hman dingah a tlingbik mi an si lo.

2.      KJV le Textus Receptus rinsan an tlaklonak san ziangmawzat a um. Cupawl lakih a thupibik cu an sirhsan mi Grik kutngancapawl (manuscripts [MSS]) rinsantlak an silonak hi a si. Grik kutngancapawl lakih rinsantlakbik cu KJV ih sirhsan mi, kutnganca “tlai” pawl (late manuscripts) si loin, kutnganca tuan pawl (early manuscripts) sawn khi an si. ~awng dangin kan sim asile, kutnganca cu a kum a upat le, rinsan a tlak, a `hadeuh ih, a kum a nauhak le, rinsan a tlak lo, a `halo deuh tinak a si. Cui Grik kutnganca kum upadeuh rinsantlakbik pawl lakih hrekkhat cu, (1) Codex Sinaiticus [], (2) Codex Alexandrianus [A]), (3) Codex Vaticanus [B]), (4) Codex Ephraemi, le (5) Codex Bezae tipawl an si. Hihi “Baibal thiam, Baibal thuhla zingzoitu pawl zozo khal in a dik an ti thluhmi thu a si” (6).

3.      Bible `awng dang ih leh mi thu ah, Grik kutnganca tuan pawl sirhsan ih leh mi Bible, `himnak ah, Good News for Modern Man ti khalih kawh mi Today’s English Version (TEV) ihsin lehsin mi “Falam Baibal Thianghlim” (FBT) tivekpawl khi, kutnganca tlai pawl sirhsan ih leh mi KJV, New King James Version (NKJV) tivek sirhsan ih lehsin mi “Thuthlung Thar” [TT] (Saya Sui ih leh mi), Textus Receptus sirhsan ih leh mi Kawl Bible [KB] (Adoniram Judson ih leh mi) tipawl hnakin rinsan an tlak sawn. FBT, le Bible dangpawl ih Bible cang, catluan, le `awngfang um kim lo mi, KJV, NKJV, TT, le KB sungih um kim thluh mipawl khi, Grik kutnganca `hasawn ih um lo mi, Grik kutnganca tlaideuh pawl ngansawngtu le zohfeltupawl (editors) ih bet cawp men mi an si. Hiti a si ruangah Falam “Baibal Thianghlim hi a tuanbik lamih nganmi Grik Baibal thlun ih lehmi a si. Rintlak a si” (11).

A ca ngan mi siar tikah Saya Hre Kio hi faktlak zet a sinak a um, cucu, a thu pawm mi khi ziangruangah a pawm timi a thei ih, cui a pawm mi cu ral`ha zetin a aupi ngamnak ahhin a si. Asinan a pawmdan a dik maw diklo ti lawngte cu, thil um taktak mi evidence thawn cuai thlai ta ciamciam ih zohhliah `ul mi a si. Hiti kan zohhliahnak ah a hnuaiih thusuhnak pahnih hi a hleicein kan hmuitin ding: (1) KJV lehnak ih hman mi Grik Bible Textus Receptus hi rinsantlaklo a si taktak maw? timi le (2) KJV hi rinsantlakbik a si lo taktak maw?




























ZOHHLIAHSAKNAK

GRIK BIBLE

            Saya Hre Kio in KJV lehnak ih hman mi Grik Bible Textus Receptus hi Grik Bible dang lakah rinsantlakbik si thei loih a hmuhnak san thupibik cu, kutnganca tlaideuh pawl sirhsan ih suah mi a si ruangah a si, ziangahtile “. . . Tuan ih nganmi (early manuscripts) hi a `ha ih rintlak an si; tlai ih nganmi cabu cu rintlak an si lo, . . .” (6). Ziangruangah “tuan” ih ngan mi cu “tlai” ih ngan mi hnakin “rintlak” a si deuh? A san cu, tuan ih ngan mipawl ahcun “palhnak a mal deuh. Netalam ih nganmi (Late manuscripts) pawl cu palhnak a tam deuh; beetmi an neih phahphah `heu ruangah!” tiin simfiangnak a pe. Cuitlunah hi pawmdan hi “Leilung tlun ih Baibal thiam, Baibal thuhla a zingzoitu pawl zozo khal in a dik an ti thluhmi thu a si” (6), tiin amai hmuhdan cu leitlun Bible thiam hmuahhmuah ih hmuhdan hmel a putter. Hi zawnah kan zohhliah dingih thupi mi cu: (1) kutngnca hi a kum a upatdeuh ruangah kum nautadeuh hnakin “rintlak” a si deuh taktak maw? (2) hihi Bible thiam hmuahhmuah ih “a dik” an ti thluh mi a si taktak maw? ti le (3) Textus Receptus hi Grik kutnganca tlaideuh pawl vial sirhsan ih suah mi, rintlaklo a si taktak maw? tipawl an si.


Kutnganca “Tuan” pawl hi An ~hadeuh taktak maw?

Grik kutnganca (manuscript) thu thawn pehparin khuimi rinsan a tlakbik timi thu ah, Saya Hre Kio ih pawmdan hi thu pakhat par lawngah `humaw in a lang – cui a `humawknak cu, kutnganca “tuan” pawl khi a “tlai” pawl hnakin rinsan an tlak sawn timi ah a si. Amah roriin hihi thupibikih a ruah thu “Palitnak hi a thupibik” tiin a langter (6). Thu dang a ngan mipawl khi himi lungphum (foundation) parih hram bun mi an si. Curuangah, kutnganca “tuan” khi a “tlai” pawl hnakin rinsan an tlak sawn lo, ti langfiangter theih a si ahcun, langfiangter theih a si fawn, a inn sak mi cu amahten a cim cih ding mi a si. Asile, “tuan” ih ngan mi Grik kutnganca hi “tlai” ih ngan mi hnakin rinsan a tlak sawn taktak maw?
Hi zawnah Grik kutnganca “tuan” pawl hi “tlai” pawl hnakin rinsan an tlak deuh timi ruahnak ra suah thawknak thuanthu malten vun bih duak a duhum ding. Thuthlung Thar Grik kutnganca hi, a bu pumin siseh, a bulcawng tetein siseh, tui san ih hmuh theih ih um lai mi (extant manuscripts) ah 5000 lenglo a um, ti a si.[iv] Cui Grik kutngancapawl ahcun pakhat le pakhat bangawklonak tete an um tikah, khuimi in a tirih ngan mi (autographs) a ngankhum (copied) dikbik ding ti thu hliakhlainak cu “textual criticism” asilole “lower criticism” (Bible denfelnak) tiih kawh a si ih, a hliakhlaitupawl cu “textual critics” lole “textual scholars” tiih kawh an si.[v] Cuvekih hliakhlainak ah Saya Hre Kio ih kutnganca “tuan” cu kutnganca “tlai” hnakin “rintlak” a si deuh a timi ruahnak rak thehlartu le an hnuih mithiam tamtak in an thlunbik mi cu 1881 kum ih Grik Bible The New Testament in the Original Greek suahtu Cambridge mithiam Brooke Foss Westcott le Fenton John Anthony Hort an si. Westcott le Hort thu kan lut thuk hlanah, an khawruahnak rak ciahnehtu mithiam hmaisa pawl thu tawiten vun thailang duak sehla thil umdan a feng phah deuh ding.
Bible denfelnak (textual criticism) thu ih “a tuandeuh cu rintlak a si deuh” (older reading is better) timi ruahnak ci rak tuh hmaisatupawl cu German mithiam J J Griesbach ([1745-1812] liberal theologian) le Karl Lachmann ([1793-1851] German rationalist), England mithiam Samuel Prideaux Tregelles (1812-1875), le German mithiam Constantine Tischendorf ([1815-1874] higher rationalism ih ciahneh mi) tipawl an si.[vi] Griesbach cu German rationalism ih pa tiih ruah mi Johann Salomo Selmer ih tlawngta liberal theologian a si. 1774 le 1806 kum karlakah Grik Bible pathum a suah. Bruce Metzger cun Griesbach hi “Thuthlung Thar Grik text thu ih neta lam ca ngan mi hmuahhmuah lungphum (foundations) rak phumtu” a si ih, KJV ih sirhsan mi Textus Receptus pawm loih Grik Bible thar suah hmaisabiktu a si, a ti.[vii] Lachmann thu ah Metzger ih simdan vek a si le, Textus Receptus hnawng thla bepbep hmaisabik tu le leitlun cabu dang denfel tikih thlun mi danpawl (principles of textual criticism) thlun tahrat ih Bible dengfel ih suah hmaisabik tu a si.[viii] Curuangah amai suah mi Grik Bible hi (1831 ah first edition, 1842-50 ah second edition) “critical text” hmaisabik a si. 1857-79 kum sungih Grik Bible suahtu Tregelles hi cu Griesbach le Lachmann vek cun zumnak lamah a bese lo, asinan an khawruahdan le theory pawl a thlun thotho tu a si. 1857-79 karlakah Grik Bible a suah ve. Tischendorf hi Grik Bible vawi riat (eight editions) rori suahtu a sinak le Sinai tlang par phungki tlawng ih Grik kutnganca Codex Sinaiticus () hmusuaktu, Vatican library ih Grik kutnganca Codex Vaticanus (B) mipi theih ih langtertu a sinak zarah, theih lar zet mi a si. Amah hi “German higher rationalism” ih rak zirh mi le ciahneh mi (trained and influenced) a si. Hipawl hi an thiamnak lam ah faktlak hlir an si ko nan, Bible thu ahcun an zumnak a dawr zet mi, leitlun cabu dang denfel (criticism) vek fangih Bible dengfel men tu (rationalistic/natuaralistic approach), le an khawruahnak sung muril ah Bible thawtkhumnak le kilhimnak thurin (inspiratioan and preservation) a thunlut ngaingailotu an si, tihi hi zawnih hminsin ding thupi mi a si.
Hipawl ih zirhnak parah hram thla tahratin Westcott le Hort cun Thuthlung Thar kutnganca thu hliakhlainak ah theory an run phuah.[ix] Cui theorypawl ih `humawknakbik pahnih cu: (1) kutnganca a hlunbik mi (oldest reading) khi a dikbik le rinsantlakbik an si, (2) a tawideuh mi (shorter reading) khi a saudeuh hnakin an `hasawn, timi a si.[x] Hivek ruahnak an neih ruangah, tui san hmuh theihih um Grik kutngancapawl lakih kum upabik Codex Sinaiticus () le Codex Vaticanus (B) khi rinsantlakbik ah an ruat ih, cumi thlunin Mirang Bible Revised Version ih sirhsan mi Grik Bible The New Testament in the Original Greek an rak suah. Hi ruahnak hi, riahsiatza zetin, kum zabi 19nk, 20nk, le 21nk ih mithiam tampi khalin thudik ah an ruat ih an run thlun vivo. Westcott le Hort cun Codex Vaticanus hi rintlakbik ah an ruat ih, Codex Sinaiticus hi a sangtu ah an ret.[xi] Hivek lungput thawn cui hlanih Bible leh mi hmuahhmuah deuhthaw ih rak thlun mi Grik Bible Textus Receptus cu an hnawl thla bepbep ih, kum sawmthum sung hivek thu zingzawi ih hna an `uantlang hnuah, a tlunih kan tarlang zo mi Grik Bible thar kha 1881 kum ah an run suah. Hi an Grik Bible thar hi (a tawizawngin W&H Text kan ti ding) lehhnuih United Bible Societies ih run suah mi The Greek New Testament (a tawizawngin UBSGNT; tu ahcun 4th edition tiang a thleng zo) le Nestle-Aland ih suah mi Novum Testamentum Graece (a tawizawngin NANTG; tu ahcun 26th edition tiang a thleng zo) ih sirhsan mi bulhrampi a si. Hi UBSGNT le NANTG hi United Bible Societies cun Bible lehnak ih sirhsan dingah tha a pek mi an si (cf 6). Hi zawnah hmuhfiang dingih thupi zet pakhat cu, “Falam Baibal Thianghlim” le santhar Mirang Biblepawl (modern Versions; `himnak ah, theih lar deuh mi NIV, NASV, TEV tvk) ih sirhsan mi Grik Bible UBSGNT le NANTG hi rinsan an tlak maw tlak lo timi cu an pa W&H Text le an pu Codices Vaticanus le Sinaiticus (kutnganca dang mallai khal rawn cih an si nan, hi pahnih hi an thlunbik mi a si ruangah) rinsan an tlak maw timi parah tampi a `humaw, timi hi a si.


Kutnganca “Tuanbik” pawl An ~habiklozia Langternak

            Westcott le Hort ih textual theory `humawknak thupibik – a tawizawngin “hlunbik `habik” – Saya Hre Kio in mithiam hmuahhmuah ih pawm mi thudik vekih a sim mi hi dik vekih a lang theinak lai a um, asinan a taktakah a dik lo mi a si. ~awng dangin kan sim asile, Grik kutnganca thu ahcun hlunbik le `habik hi kut kaiaw in an fehtlang kher lo, tinak a si. Cui thu cu a hnuai lam vekin a tawizawngin langfiangter theih a si.

            1. Pakhatnak ah, Bible cu ngan `heh a si hnu kum rei lo te sungah rinum zetih ngansawngtu le kilhimtu an um laiah, tisiattu asilole tibawrhhlawhtu (intentioanal corruption) an rak um thawk ve zo ruangah kum upa ti men cun rinsantlak sinak a pe thei lo. Fuller in Bible tibawrhhlawhnak rak suahnak thu ah hitin a ngan,

Tirhthlahpawl an thih hnu kum zakhat sung lala ah, Irenaeus in Gnostic zirhnak pawmtu Marcion thuhla ah hitin a sim, "Cuiruangah Marcion le a dungthluntupawl khal Cathianghlim tibawrhhlawh dingin an pumpeaw ih, cabu hrekkhat cu an pawm lo lellel, thuthang`ha Luke le Paul ih Cakuatpawl cu tawite ah an can ih, cuti an titawi mi cu, hipawl lawng hi a dik tiih pawm tlak (authentic) an si, an ti."[xii]

Burgon khalin hitin a ngan ve, "[Bible] tibawrhhlawhnak cu tikcu tuan zet ihsin a rak thawk zo a bang. . . . kawhhran ih nunnak (the life of the church) a rak thawk hmaisatbik lai ihsin a diklo mi (errors) a thupten an rak lut rero zo siin a lang."[xiii]
Bible ngan `heh hnu kum rei lote sung lala ihsin tibawrhhlawhtupawl an rak um zo hi mangbang ding cu a si lo, ziangahtile Setan in Thu Nung (the Living Word [Jesuh]) a do neh thei lo ruangah, a hmuitin mi cu Ngan Thu (the Written Word [Bible]) lamah a `hawn. Curuangah Bible ngansawng vivonak thu ahhin tiva bangawlo pahnih an luang tinak a si: (1) ngansawngdan dik (normal/faithful transmission), le (2) ngansawngdan diklo (abnormal/unfaithful transmission). An ngansawng mi cu Pathian thawtkhum mi Cabu a si ti zum hngetin rinum zetih rak ngansawngtu an um laiah (hipawl ih ngan mi hmanah tipalh “unintentional corruption” a um thei laiah), minung cabu menmen vekah ruat tahratih dawngdah zetih ngansawngtu asilole tisiat hrim tumtu (intentional corruption) khal an rak um ve. Hi ruangah kutnganca dik/rintlak, le diklo/rintlaklo an rung suahnak a si. Hivek thil `ihnung thleng ding an rak hmuh cia ruangah zirhtu diklo pawl lakah ralringtei um dingin tirhthlahpawl cun zumtupawl vawi tampi ralrinnak an rak pe (siar Tirh 20:27-32; Gal 1:6-12; 2 Tim 3:1-4:4; 2 Pet 2:1-2; 1 John 2:18-19; 2 John 7-11; Jude 3-4, 16-19; Thup 22:18-19).
Kutnganca hlunbik an `habik timi ruahnak hi UBSGNT le NANTG an pahnih zohfelnak ih rak tel ve tu Kurt Aland hmanin a hnawl zo mi a si:

Kutnganca hlunbik in a sung thu (text) a nei `habik kher lo tihi cu tarlang rero hman a `ul lo. ~himnak ah, P47 cu Thuphuan bu (Apocalypse) a bu pumin asilole a bu pum zikte tel kutngancapawl lakah kum upabik a si, asinan a `habik cu a si lo lawlaw.[xiv]

Trinitarian Bible Society ih Bible thuhla tam zet ngantu Anderson ih thu`himnak pek mi hin tui kan rel rero mi thu hi a fiangter zet:

Kum 3000 ah Mirang Bible pakhat sar a si ih, cucu kum 1970s ih ngan mi a rak si ti bang sehla. Hi Bible hi sar a si laiih Bible um mipawl lakah a hlunbik a si ih, hi Bible hi kum 3000 hrawngih Khristianpawl ih hman mi Bible thawn hmun za tam takah an dangaw si bang sehla. Bible dengfeltu thiam tak pawl cun an tidan (method) `ha taktak hmangin, hi Bible hi a khuahlan zet zia, a cahmai umtudan ihsin a `hatzia, a cahnah an hman mi le a pianzia an tuahdan ihsin an rak fimkhur le uluk zet zia, a kawm an tuah `hatdan, tipawl nasa takin an simfak ko ding ti cu suangtuah theih mai a si. Asinan, hi khuahlan cabu sirhsanin tulai `awng phun dangdang ah Bible an vun let thawk ngaingai tikah, Khristianpawl in hi Bible hi Jehovah Witnessespawlih "New World Translation" a rak si tariai ti an vun hmuhsuah tikah cun an `ansanpawl (arguments) cu an cim sadarh thluh ding.[xv]

A tlunih tarlang mi ihsin a fiang mi cu, kutnganca “tuan” pawl khi an kum upatnak lawng rori zohin rinsantlakbik ah ret an theih lo, timi a si. Hiti ti tikah an kum upat thu hi thupitnak nei lo vekih hnawl thlak pumhlum ding tinak a si lo, thu dangdang zoh cem cih tengteng a `ul, tinak sawn a si. Kutnganca rinsan tlak le tlaklo tahnak ah, Westcott le Hort san laiih mithiam Burgon ih rak sim mi hi tuisun ni tiang khalah a dik ringring lai:

(1)   Grik kutnganca dang in an lungkimpi maw (Copies)?
(2)   Khuahlan ih rak leh mi Bible dang in an lungkimpi maw (Versions)?
(3)   Khuahlan kawhhran palepawl ih ca ngan mi in an lungkimpi maw (Fathers)?[xvi]

Cipciar deuhin hitin a simfiang bet:

(1) An khuahlan maw (antiquity or primitiveness)?
(2) Lungkimpitu/theihpitu an nei maw, a tam maw (consent of witnesses, or number)?
(3) An dikzia langtertu dangdang an um maw, asilole, leitlun huapih hman mi an si maw (variety of evidence, or catholicity)?
(4) A lungkimpitupawl cu rintlak an si maw, asilole, an cuai a rit maw (respectability of witnesses, or weight)?
(5) Hman peh vivo mi an si maw, asilole, a cat lo mi thuanthu an nei maw (continuity, or unbroken tradition)?
(6) A cahlawm pumpi asilole a kiangkap thu in an dikzia a nemhnget maw (evidence of the entire passage, or context)?
(7) A sung thu ah teh umzia nei mi a si maw (internal considerations, or reasonableness)?[xvii]

Hi tahfungpawl thawn tah tikah, Westcott le Hort in siseh, mithiam dangdang in siseh, an kum upat ruangih rinsantlakbik ih an ruah mi Codex Vaticanus (B), Codex Sinaiticus (), Codex Alexandrinus (C), le Codex Bezae (D) (Alexandrian texts) tipawl hi an sam thla lawlaw ih, khat lamah Textus Receptus ih sirhsan mi kutngancapawl Byzantine texts cu an tling ta lawlaw, ti a lang.

2. Pahnihnak ah, hlunbik an `hatbik lo thu hi a pawnleng menih thlirnak si loin, a sung thu taktak zoh tikah a langfiang mi a si. Saya Hre Kio in kutnganca phun dangdang thu a ngannak ah kutnganca “`habik,” “tuanbik” le “rinsantlak bik” ih a ret mi cu: (1) Codex Sinaiticus, (2) Codex Alexandrinus, (3) Codex Vaticanus (4) Codex Ephraemi,  (5) Codex Bezae, le a dang mallai an si (7-9). Hi panga hi “tuanbik” an si a ti mi thu ahcun el ding a um lo; an zaten kum zabi 4nk-5nk ih ngan mi hlir an si. Asinan “`habik” le “rinsantlak bik” an si a ti mi thu hi cu amai pawmdan men a si ih, a tlunih kan tarlang zo mi tahfungpawl thawn tah tikah a diklo mi a si.
Hi kutnganca panga ngunngaih zetih rak zohtu (a taw-lu rak lettu) Burgon cun “rinsantlak lo bik” ah a ruat ve thung. A hleicein Codex Sinaiticus le Codex Vaticanus hi an besebik a ti.[xviii] A ti dik maw? A dik tiah kan ruat. Wescott le Hort san laiih textual scholar langsarbik lakih tel ve Scrivener khalin Codex Sinaiticus hi `haten a zohhliah hnuah 1864 kum ah A Full Collation of the Codex Sinaiticus timi cabu a suah ih, hi Codex hi rem rero zo mi, cahmai kip ah a malbik minung pahra laiih remnak kutneh a lang mi kutnganca a si, a ti.[xix] Burgon in hi Codex panga pawl a zohfiang thluh hnuah a ti bet mi cu, hi Codexpawl hi tui san kutnganca hmuh theih ih um hmuahhmuah lakah za ah sawmkua le pakua tlukin an lungkimpi lo ih, cuitlunah anmah le anmah lala khal an lung a rual thei lo. A hleicein Sinaiticus le Vaticanus ih bangawklonak thu ah, “a ngaingai ahcun hi pahnih ahhin a sangsangten cang hnih ti thlepthlepih an bangawknak hnakin, a sangsangten cang hnih an bangawklonak hmuh a awl sawn,” a ti.[xx] Hoskier khalin hi Sinaiticus le Vaticanus hi a zohtawn (compared) vivo ih, Thuthang`ha pali sung lawng hmanah hmun 3,000 lenglo ah an dangaw, a ti ve.[xxi]
Hi thu hi fiangsin dingah Burgon ih tah`himnak pek mi pakhat ten vun sang sehla. Saya Hre Kio ih “`habik” le “rinsantlak bik” a ti mi Codex Sinaiticus (), Codex Alexandrianus (A), Codex Vaticanus (B), Codex Ephraemi (C), le Codex Bezae (D) hi Burgon in a rak zoh depdep thluh zo ih, rinsantlak an si lo zia langternak ah Luke 11:2-4 ih “Bawipai Thlacam” thu hi tah`himnak a pe. Hi cang thum te sungah (Falam Baibal thawn zoh`him hnik):

(1)   D in “midangpawl bangin umzia nei lo mi sal nawlh rero hmang hlah uh: ziangahtile mi hrekkhat cun tampi an sal ruangah theihsak si cuang dingah an ruat. Asinan nannih cun thla nan cam tikah . . . “ timi Matt 6:7 ta a bet.
(2)   B le  in “kan,” le “vancung ih um mi” timi `awngfang 5 an hlawn.
(3)   D in “hmin” timi hlanih definite article “the” a hrelh ih, “kan parah” timi a bet ih, “na uknak” timi a umnak a `hawn.
(4)   B in “van ih na duhnak tuah a si bangin, leitlun khalah tuah si ve seh” timi a hlawn. Hi `awngfangpawl  in a nei kim thluh nan “khal” (also) hmaiah “cutin” (so) a bet, “leitlun” timi hmaiih definite article “the” a hrelh ih, hi zawn ah A, C, le D thawn an bangaw.
(5)    le D in “pe” timi hi a form an thleng.
(6)    in “ni tin” timi hmaiih definite article “the” a hrelh.
(7)   D in “day by day” aiah “this day” a ret, “sual” aiah “leiba” a thleng, “ziangahtile kanmah rori khal” (for we ourselves) timi aiah “kannih khalin” (as also we) a ret.
(8)    in `hen thum `hen hnih tluk D a lungkimpi ih “as also [we] ourselves” a ti ve.
(9)   D cun “kan parih lei batu hmuahhmuah” (every one that is indebted to us) aiah “lei in batupawl” (debtors) a ti.
(10  ) B le  cun a netabik ih “thil `halo lak ihsin in hum aw” timi hi an hlawn ih, hi zawnah A, C, le D an kalh.[xxii]

Hi kutnganca “tuanbik” panga hi hi cang malte sung hmanih an thurual thei lo zia hin, thu dang rel tel lo hmanah, rinsantlak an si lo zia fiang tukin a langter a si. Hi tlunah, Burgon ih sim mi a tlunih langter zo bangin, Grik kutnganca hmuahhmuah lakih za ah sawmkua tlunin an lungkimpi fawn lo! Curuangah thil um taktak mi evidence cun a tlunih kutnganca hlun panga pawl hi “tuanbik” si khal hai sehla “`habik” le “rinsantlak bik” an si thei hrimhrim lo timi a khihhmuh a si.
            Tah`himnak pakhatten vun bet hrih sehla. Tubaite kum rei tuk hrih lo ah Magdalen College, Oxford University ih um kutnganca hlun an sar mi a um. A hmin ah Magdalen GR 17 an ti. Hi thu hi Baptist Reformed Fellowship Journal in 1996 ah a than. Hi kutnganca hi an mit rori ih Jesuh Khrih rak hmutupawl (eyewitnesses) san laiih ngan mi, AD 60 lole cumi hlanih ngan mi a si ding, tiah mithiampawl in an zum. Hi kutnganca hi a bulcawngte a si ih, Matt 26:7-8, 26:10, 14-15, 22-23, 32-33 lawng a tel. Mithiampawl in `haten an zoh tikah, Textus Receptus thawn phun khat a si ih, kutnganca “tuan” (a tlunih tarlang zo mi) thluntu NANTG thaw cun an dangaw lawlaw, ti a si. A hleicein Matt 26:22 ih `awngfang netabik pali ih W&H Grik Bible le Textus Receptus thawn an zohtawn tikah, GR 17 le Textus Receptus hi an bangaw thlepthlep ih, GR 17 le W&H cu an lungrual thei lo ti a lang: GR 17 – legein auto hekastos auton; TR - legein auto hekastos auton; W&H – legein auto heis hekastos.[xxiii] UBSGNT khalah W&H vek cekciin a um. An danawknak hi Grik zir lo hrang khalah hmuh theih mai a si. Hi kutnganca GR 17, kum zabi 1nk ih ngan mi cun, “kutnganca tuan” “rintlak bik” tiih mi hrekkhat ih an ruah mi kutngancapawl (a tlunih tarlang zo mi) thlun ih suahmi Grik Bible hnakin Textus Receptus a lungkimpi sawn tariai. Hi hin khat lamah Textus Receptus ih rintlak sizia a hngetter sinsin ih, khat lamah kutnganca “tuan” pawlih rintlak silozia a langfiangter deuhdeuh.
            Cuitlunah, theihtlak zet thil pakhat leh cu, hi kutnganca panga le a dang mallai (Alexandrian manuscripts) thlun ih suah mi UBSGNT le NANTG (TEV, NIV, NASV pawlih sirhsan mi) le kutnganca tamsawn (Byzantine texts) thlun ih suah mi Traditional Text ti khalih kawh mi Textus Receptus (KJV ih sirhsan mi) hi hmun tampi ah an dangaw, timi hi a si. Jack Moorman in NANTG (26th edition) le KJV lehnak Textus Receptus bangawklonak hi a zaten a siar thluh ih, hmun 8,000 ah an bangaw lo a ti. Curuangah a cabu hmin ah “8,000 Differences between the NT Greek Words of the King James Bible and the Modern Versions” a ti.[xxiv] Hi bangawlo a timi hi a hrekkhat cu a `awngfang bangaw nan a ngandan bangawlo tete tla an si ih, a hrekkhat cu a tican dangaw viarviar, Bible cang/catluan/`awngfang kim lo viarviar tivek tla an si. Hi hin kan khawruahnak ah thu ziangtal in sim thei lo maw?

            3. Pathumnak ah, kutnganca “tuan” pawl hin nemhngettu an tlasam. “Nemhngettu” kan ti tikan kan sim duh mi cu: (1) Grik kutnganca ih lungkimpinak, (2) Bible rak leh hmaisat mipawl ih lungkimpinak, le (3) kawhhran palepawl ih lungkimpinak tipawl hi a si.
Thailang zo bangin, tui san ah Grik kutnganca 5,000 lenglo a um. Cupawl lakah Saya Hre Kio ih kutngaca “tuan” le “`habik” a ti mi Alexandrian text type lungkimpitu cu malte ngaingai (a small minority) an si ih, Textus Receptus rung suahnak Byzantine text type lungkimpitu cu a tamsawn ngaingai (the vast majority) an si.[xxv] Grik kutngancapawl hi a tlangpithuin an suahkehnak le a sung thu zohin mithiampawl in phun li laiah an `hen.[xxvi] Asinan a taktakah thupiih an ruah mi le an buaipi mi cu Byzantine text-type le Alexandrian text-type hi an si. Hi kutngancapawl hi ca namnak khawl a suah hnu ahcun khawl in an run nam ih, cumi ah Byzantine text-type aiawhtu cu Textus Receptus a si; Alexandrian text-type aiawhtu cu W&H Text, UBSGNT, le NANTG an si. D A Waite ih hliakhlaidan vek a si le, Grik kutnganca (papyrus, uncials, cursives, lectionaries telin) 5255 lakah Textus Receptus lungkimpitu cu 5210 an si laiah, W&H (UBSGNT le NANTG khal a huap cih) lungkimpitu cu 45 lawng an si.[xxvii] Hihi zatek in kan `uat asile, Textus Receptus lungkimpitu 99%, W&H lungkimpitu 1% tiah a suak.
Cuvek thothoin, khuahlan ih Bible rak leh mipawl ah siseh (a hrekkhat tla cu Codex Sinaiticus le Codex Vaticanus tipawlin khawvang an hmuh hlan khuapi ih rak leh mi an si), khuahlan kawhhran palepawl in ca an rak ngan mi sungih Bible cang an lak mi, asilole, an khihhmuh mipawl khalah siseh, W&H, UBSGNT le NANTG hnakin Textus Receptus in lungkimpitu a nei tamsawn ngaingai ti a takram ah a lang. ~himnak ah, Codex Sinaiticus le Codex Vaticanus leitlun ih an pian hlanpiih (hi pahnih hi 350-400 AD hrawngih ngan mi an si) `awng dang ih rak leh mi Bible, Peshitto Syriac Bible (150 AD hrawngih leh mi), Old Latin asilole Vetus Itala Bible (kumzabi 2nk ih leh mi), Curetonian Syriac (Aramaic) Bible (kum zabi 3nk ih leh mi), Gothic version (kum zabi 4nk ih Ufilas ih leh mi) tipawl hin a tlangpithuin Textus Receptus an lungkimpi.[xxviii]
Cuitlunah, kawhhran palepawlin an ca ngan mi sungih Bible cang an hman mi le an khihhmuh mipawl khalah Textus Receptus lungkimpitu hi a tamsawn an si thotho.[xxix]  ~himnak ah, kutnganca “tuan” pawl an suah hlanih ca rak ngan zo tu Justin Martyr (100-165 AD), Irenaeus (130-200 AD), Alexandria khaw mi Clement (150-215 AD), Tertullian (160-220 AD), Hippolytus (170-236 AD) tipawl hin Textus Receptus thawn a bangaw mi Bible an rak hmang.[xxx] Burgon in kawhhran palepawl ca ngan mi sungih Bible cang hman mipawl (quotations) a khawngkhawm ciamco ih, cabu ih a suah man hlanah a thih ruangah a rualpi Edward Miller in a run suahsak. Cumi ah Miller in 400 AD hlanih Grik le Latin kawhhran palepawl ca ngan mi sung ihsin Byzantine text (KJV suahnak) lungkimpitu hi 2,630 a si ih, a dang pawl (Alexandrian, Western le Caesarian) lungkimpitu cu 1,753 lawng a si a ti. Cuitlunah Bible cang thupideuh sawmthum a zoh tikah Byzantine text lungkimpitu hi 530 an um laiah, khat lam lungkimpitu cu 170 lawng a si.[xxxi] Himi ihsin a fiang mi cu, khuahlanpi ihsin Byzantine text (TR le KJV suahnak) hi zumtu a tamsawn ih rak hman rero zo mi, lalnak rak cotu Bible a si, timi hi a si.
Curuangah mi hrekkhat ih kutnganca “tuan” le “rinsantlak bik” an ti mipawl hin Grik kutnganca tamsawn (overwhelming majority) ih lungkimpinak, Bible leh hmaisat mipawl ih lungkimpinak, le kawhhran palepawl ih lungkimpinak an nei mal, an tlasam ngaingai a si. Hihi rinsantlak an silonak langtertu a si lo ah ziang a si ding?

4. Palitnak ah, kutnganca “tuan” pawl hi 1800s hlan kulh sung hmuahhmuah ah leitlun huap zumtupawl ih rak hman mi an silonak hi “rinsantlak bik” an si theilonak a si. Saya Hre Kio in “`habik” le “rinsantlak bik” a ti mi Grik kutnganca panga pawl hi kum 1800s AD hnu lawngih leitlun huap zumtu mipi siar theih ih rung suak fang an si. Hipawl hi “rinsantlak bik” an si ahcun, cui hlan zumtupawlin “rinsantlak lo” Bible lawnglawng an rak hmang tinak a si ding ih, cucu Pathian ih Bible in peknak san thawn siseh, a taktak ih thil rak cang mi thawn siseh, a kalhaw mi a si. Pakhatnak ah, Bible cu minung hnenih Pathian phuansuahawknak netabik le famkim, zumnak le nuncan thu ih thuneitu sangbik a si ruangah, zumtu a falepawl in kan neih, kan siar, kan theihthiam, le kan nunpi ding hi Pathian ih duh mi a si, ti cu sim tam hman `ul lo mi a si (siar Matt 24:35; 1 Pet 1:23, 25). Hi hin Bible kan kut ih a um a `ulzia a langter. Pathian in a tirah a Thu hi thawtkhum in (2 Tim 3:16; 2 Pet 1:21) a mipawl hnenah a rak pe lawk nan, cucu himten kilkhawi vivo loin, kum zabi 18 sung lai a diklo mi Bible a mipawl a hmangter ih, 1880s kum hnu lam lawngah a dik mi a hmangtersal timi hi cu a ruah men khal ruah ngam ding ci a si lo. Asinan hi cekci hi Saya Hre Kio ih thu fehpidan in a khihhmuh mi (implied) a si fawn! Pahnihnak ah, leitlun huap zumtu mipi vangtlang in san a pehpeh ah an rak hmanbik mi Bible cu kutnganca “tuan” pawl (Alexandrian texts) si loin, Textus Receptus rung suahnak kutnganca “tlai” (Byzantine texts), tui san ih hmuh theih kutnganca tamsawn pawl (the vast majority) hi an si sawn tihi thuanthu ah el theih loih a lang zo mi a si. ~awng dangin kan sim asile, kutnganca “tuan” pawl cu 1800s kum hnu lam lawngih run hman phahphah an si laiah, kutnganca “tlai” pawl cu tikcu tuan zet ihsin tuisun ni tiang san a pehpeh ih rak hman tluansuak mi a si.[xxxii]

5. Pangatnak ah, kutnganca “tuan” pawl hi `etsiat loih an dam ringring mi hin rinsantlak an sinak hnakin rinsantlak an silonak a langter sawn. Bible ngansawng vivonak ah a ngansawngtupawl in an ngan `heh tikah an zoh`him mi a hlun cu an tisiat ta `heu, tihi Bible thu hliakhlaitupawl ih hmuhsuah mi a si. Cuti an tisiat lawng si loin, an hman tam mipawl cu an `et cingcing ih, cutin a thar an ngansawng vivo. Curuangah zumtu hmaisa pawlin rinsantlak ih an zum mi an ngansawngsin vivo mipawl cu kum upa ngaingai um loin, kum note deuh lawnglawng an umnak khal a si. Khat lamah rinsantlaklo ih an ruah mi kutngancapawl cun siar le ngansawng vivo an hlawh ve lo; tikcu ziangmawcan sung cu an hung lar lawk `heu nan, a rei tikah hnawn le hngilh in an um.[xxxiii] Hi ruangah hin a si Alexadrian text type kutnganca hlun pawl hi tui san ih hmuh ding an malnak. Curuangah, a netnak ahcun, Pathian ih lamhruainak in, rinsantlak le a dik mi kutngancapawl in nehnak an co sawn ih, cutin tui san tiangah tampi hmuh theih le hman reroin an um lanta.
Ruah bet ding um lai mi cu, hlunbik an sinak lawng rinsantlakbik ih ruattu cun Bible ih mizia a ngainep tuk, timi hi a si. Leitlun calai menmen fehdan ahcun hlunbik `habik timi hi dik vekih a langnak a um, ziangahtile a hlundeuhpawl in a thardeuhpawl hnakin a tirih ngan mi an ngankhum dikdeuh `heu ruangah a si. Asinan hi thu hi Bible ngansawngnak thu ah laklut thluh a theih lo tihi a Bible ih mizia lala in fiang tukih in sim mi a si. Cui umzia cu, leitlun cabupawl cu Pathian ih thawtkhum mi, Pathian in zumtupawl hrangih lo theih loih an neih `ul mi ih a pek mi an si lo ruangah kilhim vivo dingin thu a kam lo; asinan Bible cu Pathian ih thawtkhum mi (2 Tim 3:16; 2 Pet 1:21; Matt 5:18), amai hmin hnak hmanih a cawisan sawn mi (Sam 138:2) a si ruangah le zumtupawl hrangah lo theih loih kan `ul mi kan zumnak le nundan tahawknak le thuneitu sangbik a si ruangah, hloral loih kilhim (preserve) kumkhua dingah thu a kam mi a si (Sam 12:6-7; Matt 5:18; 24:35).
Cuitlunah, a ngaingai ahcun kutnganca hliakhlainak ah “tuan” vs “tlai” tiih khaikhin hrimhrim hi a dik tawk lo mi a si. Westcott le Hort lam rak `ang, Revised Version lehnak ih chairman rak `uantu Bishop Ellicott hmanin Textus Receptus (TR cu “Received Text” ti khalin kawh a si) thu ah “Received Text cithlahtu hmaisabik cu tui kan neih mi kutnganca lakih upabik pawl [Sinaiticus le Vaticanus tvk] hnakin a upatsawn lo hmanah, a si lo bikah khukhri tal cu a si hrimhrim,” a ti.[xxxiv] Curuangah thu umdan taktak sawn cu, Trinitarian Bible Society ih an ti vekin, “tuan” le “tlai” ti si loin (“not between an ancient text and a recent one”), “tuan” veve phun hnih (“two ancient forms of the text”), phun khat cu rak hnawl zo mi le tampi ngansawng lo mi, a dang phun khat cu kawhhran in a rak pawm ih a kilhim mi, tampi a ngansawng mi le a hman peh vivo mi, ti sawnin khaikhin ding a si.[xxxv]




Bible Thiam Hmuahhmuah ih Pawm mi?

            “Tuan ih nganmi” (early manuscripts) hi a `ha ih rintlak an si; tlai ih nganmi cabu cu rintlak an si lo . . .” timi hi “leilung tlun ih Baibal thiam, Baibal thuhla zingzoitu pawl zozo khal in a dik an ti thluhmi thu a si,” tiah Saya Hre Kio in a ngan (6). Kutnganca “tuan” pawl khi rintlak an si timi ruahnak a rak suahdan, le cui ruahnak a diklo thu cu tawiten a tlun lamah kan langter zo. Hitawkah kan zoh bet duh mi cu “Baibal thiam” hmuahhmuah ih pawm mi a si maw? timi hi a si.
            Ngan zo bangin, kutnganca thu ah “hlunbik `habik” timi ruahnak hi Westcott le Hort hlan ihsin a rak thawk zo nan, a vawrhlartubik taktak cu anmah pahnih an si. Westcott le Hort ih ruahnak hin an lehhnuih Bible thiam tamtak a run ciahneh. Liberal sungkua lakah hi ruahnak in ram a lak hi cu mangbang ding a um lo. Asinan riahsiatza zetin, hi ruahnak hi B B Warfield in conservative sungah a luhpi ih, cumi cu Presbyterian ah J Gresham Machen, Southern Baptist ah A T Robertson, Dallas Theological Seminary ah Lewis Sperry Chafer, Bob Jones University ah Charles Brokenshire tipawl hmangin a darhzaisin vivo. Cutin santhar mithiam tamtak a ciahneh (influenced) vivo. Asinan hivek ruahnak hin Westcott le Hort san lala ihsin dotu a rak nei zo. ~himnak ah, culai san ih (kum zabi 19bk) textual scholar langsarbik lakih tel, Westcott le Hort khalin an upat zet mi F H A Scrivener le John William Burgon, Edward Miller, Herman Charles Hoskier tipawl hin Westcott le Hort ih thu fehpidan hi an rak pawm lo zo, thil um taktak mi evidence thawn fehtlang theiin an hmu lo. Burgon ih Westcott le Hort a elnak cabu The Revision Revised tla cu zohman in an letkir thei lo; a kawk vekin an rak kawk nan, evidence a pek mi le a `ansan taktak (arguments) an rak el neh thei lo, tuisun ni tiang a hmun lai.
Hipawl san hnu ahhin Textus Receptus humnak malte a dai deuh lawk. Asinan Burgon ih ca ngan mipawl hin lungphum a rak phum hnget tuk zo ruangah, cuti dai lanta thei ding a si lo. Harvard mithiam Edward F Hills in Textus Receptus humnak cabu “The King James Version Defended” le “Believing Bible Study” 1956 le 1967 kum ih a suah hnu ihsin “TR Revival” a rung suak thar sal ih, cucu tuisun ni tiang a dai nawn lo. Mithiam langsar zetzet David Otis Fuller, Alfred Martin, James Jasper Ray, David Cloud, Dell Johnson, J Michael Bates, Theodore P Letis, Peter Van Kleeck, David W Daniels, Dean Burgon Society ih D A Waite le Jack Moorman tipawl, Trinitarian Bible Society ih G W Anderson, D E Anderson, le Malcolm H Watts tipawl, Timothy Tow, Jeffrey Khoo, Paul Ferguson, Ian R K Paisley tvk pawlin (hi ca ih ngan thluh cawk lo midang tampi thawn) “hlunbik `habik” timi ruahnak ih diklozia le W&H/UBSGNT/NANTG ih rintlak silozia an run hmufiang deuhdeuh ih, Textus Receptus le KJV nasa takin an run hum. TR le KJV humnak video, online, cabu le cahram hi siar cawk lo khawpin a tam. Leitlun Bible lakah TR le KJV tlukih thikse zetih humnak calai nei tam Bible an um zik lo. Curuangah TR le KJV hi Pathian ih a pek mi laltohkham ihsin hnuhthlak tumtu khuahlan ihsin an suak `heu nan, tui san tiangah hlawhtling zetin an hnukthla ngaingai thei lo.


Erasmus le Textus Receptus

            Textus Receptus thu thawn pehparin a tlunih kan ngan mi ah rinsantlak a sizia ziangmawcan a fiang zo. Hitawkah Erasmus thu kan zoh hlanih malte vun thailang bet duh mi cu, Saya Hre Kio in Textus Receptus sungih um mi Bible cang hrekkhat pawl hi rinsantlakbik kutnganca ih tel lo lehhnuih run “beet” cawp men mi an si a ti mi, le “KJV ih thlunmi Grik Baibal lakah AD 1000 hlan ih nganmi pakhat hman an um lo” a ti mi hi a si (6-9).
            Textus Receptus sungih Bible cang/`awngfang hrekkhat pawl hi “beet” cawp men mi an si timi thu thawn pehparin ruah dingih thupi mi cu, a tirih ngan mi (autographs) zoh`him ding a um nawn lo tikah, mi hrekkhat ih “beet” cawp an timi khi anmai ruahnak men (pure speculation) a si ih, khat lam ah “beet” mi an ti mipawl khi a diksawn mi an si thei ih, a kim lo mipawl khi ngansawng hrelh mi a si thei ve, tiin ruah theih ve (equally reasonable) a si. Curuangah “beetmi” siih zum ruangah, asilole, “hrelh mi” siih zum ruangah rintlak/rintlaklo tiin thu thlu mai loin, cui “beet” le “hrelh mi” ah khuimi deuhin nemhngettu (witness) an nei hngetkhohdeuh timi sawn hi kan zawtfel `ul mi a si. Hi thu ah a tlun lamih kan ngan zo mi in “a phi” (answer) a pe zo – Textus Receptus cu Grik kutnganca za ah sawmkua hnakih tamin an nemhnget, Bible rak leh hmaisat mi tamsawn in an nemhnget, khuahlan kawhhran palepawl ih ca ngan mi tamsawn in an nemhnget, tiin.

“Beetmi”?

            Tu ah Saya Hre Kio in “beetmi” le “telh lomi” rinsantlaklo ih a thlak mi Bible cangpawl hi tawiten vun zoh duak hrih sehla (cf 9-10).

(1)   Matt 6:9-13“Uknak le huham le sunlawinak cu a kumkhua in nangmai ta a si. Amen.” Hi thu ah Saya Hre Kio in “hmaisabik le a `habik timi Grik Baibal pawl ah a um lo. . . . a tlailam ih nganmi Grik Baibal sung lawngah a tel; a tuanbik Baibal sungah a tel lo. Curuangah kan lehmi Baibal ah kan telh lo” a ti (9). UBSGNT le NANTG khalin an telh ve lo. Saya Hre Kio cun “hmaisabik le a `habik timi Baibal pawl ah a tel lo” a ti nan (`habik a ti mi hi `habik kan tipi ve lo ti thu cu tanta hrihin), Edward F Hills[xxxvi] cun, “Hi Bawipai Thlacam cemnak hi kutnganca W (kum zabi 4nk lole 5nk ih ngan mi) le Sigma le Phi (an pahnihin kum zabi 6nk ih ngan mi) telin Grik Thuthlung Thar kutnganca zate deuhthaw ah hmuh a si (Legg ih simdan vek cun, a zate hmuahhmuah lakah pahra lawngah a tel lo). Kum zabi 4th ih ca Apostolic Constitutions timi khalah a tel ih, hi thu simfiangnak a tuah `heu tu Chrysostom (345-407) le hi thu a lasawngtu (quotes) Pelusium khaw mi Isidore hnen ihsin nemhngetnak a um bet fawn,” a ti.[xxxvii] Cuitlunah, Syriac Version pathum Peshitta, Harclean, le Palestinian khalah a tel, a ti.[xxxviii] Grik kutnganca lakah hi thu a telhlotu cu Aleph, B, D, S, le minuscule kutnganca paruk lawng an si, tiah Legg cun a ti.[xxxix] Curuangah a tlunih thupawl sirhsanin Matt 6:13b thu hi Textus Receptus le KJV ih a tel vekin a dik mi a si.

(2)   Tirh 9:6 – “cule khur phah le mangbang in Paul cun, ‘Bawipa, ziangso tuahter i duh?’ tiah a sut.” Hihi tui san ih hmuh theih Grik kutnganca sungah a tel lo timi hi a dik. Erasmus in Latin Bible Vulgate ihsin a leh mi a si thu hminsinnak a tuah. Asinan hi ruangah a diklo mi ih thlak mai ding a si maw? Hills cun hi thu hi Latin Vulgate le khuahlan theihpitu hrekkhat ih a tel thu a thailang ih, hi cang lawng si loin hivek phun cang dang hrekkhat thu thawn kawmin hitin ruahnak a pe: “Erasmus in Textus Receptus sungih a telh mipawl hi a diklo mi an si rori maw? Hitin thu fehpi ding kan si hrimhrim lo. . . . Latin Vulgate sungih ta Textus Receptus sungih telh mi malte pawl hi Latin `awng hmangtu Kawhhran hmangih kilhim mi a dik mi (genuine readings) an si.”[xl] Tui san ih hmuh theih Grik kutnganca ah a um lo nan Vulgate sungih a um ruangah, Jerome in Grik kutnganca ihsin a rak let, ti khal hi ruah tel ding mi a si.

(3)   1 John 5:7 – “Vancung ah Pa, Thu le Thlarau Thianghlim an um: hi pathum hi pakhat an si.” Hi thu ah “Grik Baibal khui hmanah a um lo. Erasmus ih beetmi a bang” (10) a ti mi hi cu amai zumhmang thil men a si ih, a diklo lawlaw. Metzger hmanin 1 John 5:7-8 hi kum zabi 12nk ih Greg 88, kum zabi 16nk ih Tisch w 110, kum zabi 14nk ih Greg 629 tipawl ah an tel a ti.[xli] Hills khalin kutnganca 61 (15nk lole 16nk ih ngan mi) ah siseh, Codex Rabianus ah siseh, 88 le 629 ah siseh, a tel thu a tarlang.[xlii] Jeffrey Khoo khalin hi thu hi “Grik kutnganca um lai mi pariat ah hmuh a si ih, a si lo bikah cupawl lakih panga tal cu kum zabi 16nk hlan ih ta an si,” a ti ve.[xliii] Cuitlunah Tertullian (AD 155-220) le Cyprian (AD 200-258) tipawl ih rak hman mi Latin Bible Old Latin khalah a tel.[xliv]

(4)   Thuphuan – Thuphuan cabu thu ah Saya Hre Kio in hitin a ngan, “Erasmus ih hmanmi Grik Baibal Thuphuan cabu cu 1100-1200 AD ih nganmi a si ih cumi cabu pakhatte (only one manuscripts) lawng a nei. Cuih cabu sungah Thuphuan cabu ih netabik caang ruk a um lo. Thup 22:15 tiang lawng a um.) Curuangah amah Erasmus in Latin Baibal Vulgate sung ta kha Grik ah a let ih cumi cu Textus Receptus sungah a telh” (10). Hi zawnah theih dingih thupi mi cu, Thuphuan kutnganca hi a tam lo hrimhrim, a tamsawn cu a kimih um lo mi a bulcawng tete an si, timi hi a si. Curuangah Bible bu dang vekin duhthusam ih kutnganca rawnkhawm ding a um lo hrimhrim. Saya Hre Kio in Erasmus ih Thuphuan kutnganca hman mi cu kum zabi 12nk ta a si, a ti mi khal hi a dik. Asinan ruah tel ding mi cu, Erasmus in hmun kerkawm phungki tlawng tivek le hnawmpung sung vekih hman loih rak um ringring men mi kutnganca “tuan,”[xlv] Pathian in leitlun huap zumtupawl ih hman theih ih a ret mi si lo pawl hmang loin, culai san zumtupawl hman theih ih rak um Grik kutnganca a hmang sawn, timi hi a si. Thuphuan cang netabik paruk Latin ihsin Grik ah a let timi thu ahcun, a rak let ngaingai a si hmanah, hi thu hi ruah cem cih a thupi ding: Erasmus san lai ahcun thu thei deuh cin Khristianpawl cun a tirih rak ngan mi Bible cu Pathian in a pakhatnak ah culai san ih hman mi Grik Bible ah, a pahnihnak ah culai san ih hman mi Latin Bible ah a kilhim (providentially preserved) a si, tihi an rak zum tlangpi mi (common faith) a si; Erasmus khal kha himi zumnak in a ciahneh ih, cucu Grik Bible a suahnak ah Pathian in a hmang a si, tihi.[xlvi] Cuitlunah, Hoskier cun Latin ihsin Grik ih leh hnakin Erasmus in Grik kutnganca 141 a hmang a si sawn ding, tiah a ti.[xlvii]

(5)   Thup 5:14 – “Amah cu kumkhua in kumkhua tiang a nung. Hi thu hi Saya Hre Kio cun “khuitawk Grik Baibal sung hman ah a um lo” a ti nan, Hoskier cun Codex 57, 137, le 141 ah a um, a ti.

(6)   Efesa 3:14“Kan Bawipa Jesuh Khrih.” Hi thu ah Saya Hre Kio in, “Hmaisabik nganmi Grik Baibal le khuitawk Grik Baibal sung khal ih a um lo ruangah kan Baibal ah kan telh lo,” a ti (10). “Hmaisabik nganmi Grik Baibal” a ti mi hi a simfiang lo nan, rinsantlaklo a si mi Alexandrian text-type sungih Codex Sinaiticus, Codex Vaticanus, le A, B, C tipawl an si a zumum. Hipawl rinsan an tlaklo thu cu a tlun lamah kan ngan zo. “Khuitawk Grik Baibal sung khal ih” um lo vekih a sim mi hi cu a diklo pumhlum mi a si. UBSGNT (4th revised edition) hmanin cahmai hnuai lamih “textual apparatus” ah kutnganca 2, D, F, G,  075, 104, 424, 436, 459, 1241, 1852, 1881, 1912, 2200, 2464, le Byzantine texts pawlih a tel thu, le khuahlan kawhhran palepawl ih ca ngan mi khalih a tel thu a tarlang.[xlviii] Cuitlunah khuahlan Bible leh mipawl ih nemhngetnak tampi um bet lai fawn. Curuangah hihi Grik kutnganca ih um lo Erasmus ih “beet” cawp men mi a si hrimhrim lo; TR le KJV sungih a um vekin, Grik kutnganca, Bible leh hmaisat mi, le kawhhran palepawl ih nemhngetnak a nei mi, a dik mi (genuine reading) a si sawn, tiah kan zum.

(7)   Rom 8:1 “Tisa duhnak thawn a feh lotu, asinain thlarau duhnak thawn a fehtu.” Hi thu ah Saya Hre Kio in, “Hmaisabik Grik Baibal ah a um lo; cu ruangah kan Baibal ah kan telh lo,” a ti hnuah a zaten khaikhawmin, “Hipawl hi Grik Baibal ah a um lo nain Erasmus ih telhmi hrekkhat pawl an si,” a ti (10). Hi Bible cang thawn pehparin, “Hmaisabik Grik Baibal ah a um lo” a ti mi hi khuimi cekci a si ti a simfiang lo. Ziangkhal va si sehla, “hmaisabik” asilole “tuanbik” Grik kutngancapawl khi rinsantlak an sibik lo, timi a tlun lamih evidence thawn kan langfiangter zo mi, kan vung mangsal a si ahcun, hi `ansan (argument) hin ruah a fawm tel lo ti a lang. Cuitlunah, hi Bible cang sungih cahlawm hi UBSGNT (4th revised edition) hmanin Grik kutnganca 2, D2,  33vid, 104, 424, 459, 1175, 1241, 1912, 1962, 2200, 2464, le Byzantine kutngancapawl, Bible leh hmaisat mi hrekkhat le kawhhran palepawl ih ca ngan mi hrekkhat ah TR le KJV ih a tel vek cekciin a tel thu a tarlang.[xlix]

“Telh lomi”?

(1)   Matt 24:36 “Fapa in siseh.” Hi thu ah Saya Hre Kio in, “Hmaisa bik ih nganmi sungih a tel ruangah kan Baibal ah kan telh”; asinan KJV lettupawl cun “an taanta, an telh lo,” a ti (10). Hi cahlawm hi Grik kutnganca Aleph, B, D, Theta tvk ah a tel ko nan, Grik kutnganca tamsawn ih a tel lo ruangah kutnganca nemhngettu a hlawhsam zet mi a si. Cuitlunah, TR in Bible sungih um taktak lo mi “beet” phun vekih an sim mi hi, hi zawn ahcun kutnganca “tuan” pawlin an “beet” si sawn ding a bang, ziangahtile “Fapa in siseh (a thei lo)” timi hi Mark 13:32 thawn thurual dingih “beet” cawp mi si ding a bang sawn. “Curuangah, hihi Traditional Text [asilole TR] ih bet mi si loin, Aleph B D Theta tvk pawlih aiawh mi Western le Alexandrian texts pawlih culrual mi (harmonization) a si sawn ti a fiang,” tiah Hills cun a ti.[l]

(2)   Tirh 4:25 “Thlarau Thianghlim hmangin.” “Grik Baibal a tuanbik ih nganmi sungih a tel ruangah kan Baibal sungah kan telh,” tiah Saya Hre Kio in a ti (10). Hi zawnih theih `ul mi cu Textus Receptus, Majority Text, le kutnganca tamsawn ahcun a tel lo mi a si, tihi a si. Curuangah hrelh mi hnakin fiang seh tiih “beet” mi a si thei sawn lo maw? A thu umdan zoh tik khalah hiti zawng a hawi sawn lo maw?

(3)   Tirh 16:7 “Jesuh . . .” Hitawk khalah Saya Hre Kio ih “a tuanbik ih nganmi Grik Baibal” a ti mi hi rinsantlak an si thei lo tiih kan langter zo mi , A, B, C, D tvk pawl kha an si. Erasmus le KJV lettupawl ih hrelh men mi si loin, Textus Receptus, Majority Text,[li] le kutnganca tamsawn ih tel lo hrimhrim mi a si. Fiang dingih “beet” mi a si thei thotho lo maw?

(4)   Rom 8:28 “Pathian cun . . .” Hitawkih Saya Hre Kio in, “Hmaisabik lam ih nganmi Grik Baibal ih a um ruangah kan Baibal ah kan telh,” a ti mi hi thudik siin a lang lo. Ziangahtile UBSGNT (4th revised edition) hmanin “Pathian cun” timi telhtu kutnganca cu P46, A, B 81, tipawl lawng an si ih, Saya Hre Kio in hmun dangih a rinsan zet mi B, , C, D tipawl hmanin hi zawn ahcun Textus Receptus le kutnganca tamsawn lungkimpi in “Pathian cun” timi an telh lo thu a tarlang.[lii] Curuangah “Pathian cun” timi tel lo mi hi a dik mi a si sawn ih, tel mi sawn khi fiang seh tiih “beet” mi a si thei sawn lo maw?

(5)   1 Pet 2:2 “. . . rundam mi nan si ding.” Hi khal hi Saya Hre Kio cun, “. . . hmaisabik le a `habik timi Grik Baibal sungih a um ruangah kan Baibal ah kan telh,” a ti thotho (10). Hi thu ah UBSGNT (4th revised edition) cun zianghman hminsinnak a pe lo. Asinan tubaiteih suak thar Grik Bible pakhat cun “rundam mi nan si ding” timi telhtu kutnganca cu Codex Vaticanus a si thu a tarlang.[liii] Hi cahlawm hi Codex Vaticanus, UBSGNT, le NANTG ahcun a tel nan, Textus Receptus, Majority Text, le kutnganca tamsawn ahcun a tel lo, tihi hi zawnih theih ding thupi a si.

A tlunih tarlang mi Bible cangpawl khal ahhin Textus Receptus le KJV sungih ta vek hi kutnganca “tuan” pawlah tel lo hmansehla, kutnganca dang tampi ah a tel mi, Bible leh hmaisat mipawl le khuahlan kawhhran palepawl ih ca ngan mi khalih nemhnget mi an si ruangah, zumtupawl in khuahlan ihsin an rak siar rero mi lakih tel an si ti a lang ih, rinsantlak an si.



Desiderius Erasmus

            Erasmus thu hi mawi lemloin Saya Hre Kio in a ngan (cf 6-7). Mi zo cio khalin tlinlonak kan neih cio ruangah, thu dang a rel mi hi cu tanta hrihin, Grik kutnganca thuhla ih Erasmus nun ih kan zoh ding thupi sawn mi cu, Grik Bible zohfeltu dingah (edit tuahtu dingah) mitling (qualified) a si maw, timi hi a si. Mitling si ding cun Bible a zumnak ah rinhmaih ding um lo mi a si a `ul ih, a thiamnak in a tlin a `ul fawn. Hi thu pahnih ah Erasmus cu sawisel ding um lo mi a si. Amah duhlotupawl hmanin a thiamnak thu ah sawisel ding an thei lo. Tulai “mithiam” hrekkhat bangih Bible sawisel hnuaihni le Bible ah “palhnak a um” ti pawl a si fawn lo. Fimkhur zetih hna`uantu a si thu a `uan kutneh ah a lang. “[K]hawl ih nam mi Grik Thuthlung Thar zohfelnak (editing) hna`uan `uan dingah Erasmus hnakih mitling (better prepared) Europe pumpi ah zohman an um lo,” tiah Hills cun a ti.[liv] Curuangah hi hna`uan thupi `uansuaktu dingah Pathian in a hril ih a hman mi a si tihi thu kan fehpitdan ding a si sawn lo ding maw?
Erasmus ih tlin le tlinlo thu ah sawiseltupawlih an sawh `heu mi cu, “humanist” a si, ti le Roman Catholic a si, tihi a si. Humanist a si ti hi el ding a um lo. Asinan cui a humanist sinak cun Grik Bible a zohfelnak a tisiat maw ti hi ngai thupit sawn ding mi a si. Hi thu ah Hills cun thulai hawlin hitin a ngan, “[Erasmus hi] humanist a si tihi thu tampi ah a dik, curuangah a khawruahdan ah a Khristian tluansuak ringring lo, asinan Thuthlung Thar Bible a zohfel taktaknak ah `halo khawpin a humanism in a tibuai (affected) ti langter theih mi a um lo.”[lv] Roman Catholic a si, ti thu ahcun, 1516 kum ih Grik Bible hmaisabik a suah laiah Protestant Kawhhran Tuah`hatnak (Reformation) a rak thawk hrih lo ruangah (ziangahtile Kawhhran Tuah`hatnak cu kum 1517 ihsi rung thawk lawng a si) zo cio khal Roman Catholic an rak si cio. Martin Luther ih kawhhran tuah`hatnak dung a rak thlun lohli thei lo lawk nan, sung lam ihsin Roman Catholic rak dotu a si ih, a netnak ahcun Kawhhran Tuah`hatnak dung a run thlun, tihi a thuanthu ah a lang.[lvi] Erasmus in 1517 kum Kawhhran Tuah`hatnak hlan te 1516 kum ngelcel ih Grik Bible a rak suah man khal hi thil cang hruak “accident” men si loin, Pathian ih “providence” a si sawn, ti khal hi ruat tel cih phah dingih thupi mi a si. A san cu, Kawhhran Tuah`hatnak ih `ulbik mi cu Pathian Thu Bible a si ih, cui Bible lakih rinsantlakbik mi cu `awng dangih leh mi si loin `awnghram Grik Bible a si fawn.


Erasmus ih Hman mi Grik Kutnganca

Hi thu ah Saya Hre Kio in Erasmus ih “hmanmi Grik Baibal hi AD 1000 hlan ih nganmi pakhat hman a tel lo,” a ti (7). Ngan zo bangin, hihi “rinsantlaklo” le “`awn`ai” ih a thlaknak san khal a si. Thuthlung Thar text thu rori thlur ih ThD tiang Harvard ihsi rak ngahtu Edward F Hills cun thuanthu dang deuh a nei. A hnuaiih ta hi cumi khaikhawm mi a si.[lvii]
Erasmus cu Grik Thuthlung Thar zohfel dingih Basel a ra thlen tikah, a hman theih ih rak um cia Grik kutnganca panga a hmu. Cupawl cu: (1) 1 (kum zabi 11nk ih ngan mi), (2) 2 (kum zabi 5nk ih ngan mi), (3) 2ap (kum zabi 12nk-14nk ih ngan mi), (4) 4ap (kum zabi 15nk ih ngan mi), le (5) 1r (kum zabi 12nk ih ngan mi) tla an si. Hi panga lakah a pahnihnak hi kum zabi 5nk ih ngan mi a si ti hminsin aw. Kutnganca dang teh a hmang maw? A hmang ti khihhmuhnak (indications) a um. Erasmus hin Grik Bible a suah hlan 1505-6 ah Latin `awng in Bible a rak let zo. Hi `um ah Grik kutnganca a hman mi thu theih a si lo nan, a rak hmang ih, hminsinnak tete (notes) a rak tuah tiih zum lo a theih lo. Grik Bible suah dingih Basel a feh tikah hi a hminsinnak tuah mipawl hi a ken a zumum. Cuitlunah Erasmus hin a khualtlawnnak kip ah Grik kutnganca a hawl phah vivo ih, a san (borrow) thei mi pohpoh hnen ihsin a sang vivo, tihi theih cio mi a si. Curuangah a Grik Bible suah mi Textus Receptus cu Basel ih a hmuh mi kutngancapawl sirhsanbik ih suah mi a si ko nan, a ngah theinak hmun kip ihsi a rak lak cia mipawl a hmang tel cih.
Cuitlunah, hi zawnih ruah tel ding mi cu, a hmaisa lamih langter zo bangin, Erasmus ih hman mi kutngancapawl kha “tlai” khalsehla an suahkehnak (ancestor) taktak cu tulaiih kutnganca “tuan” ti mipawl hnakih kum nauta cuang lo a si ruangah, “tlai” ti menin “rinsantlak lo” ih thlak theih lo mi a si, tihi a si.

Erasmus le Grik Bible lakih Bangawklonakpawl

            Kum 1800s hnu lamih run hmuhsuah mi kutnganca “tuan” pawl kha Erasmus kut ah a rak thlen man hrih lo ruangah, “rinsantlak” le “`habik” um cingih hmang man lo, le “rinsantlak lo” le “`awn`ai” pawl lawng hman vekin Saya Hre Kio in a ngan (7-11). Hihi thudik tluansuak si theiin a lang lo. Ziangahtile, cui kutnganca “tuan” pawl cu a hman theihin an rak um hrih lo nan, cui kutnganca “tuan” pawl le “tlai” pawl lakih bangawklonak um mi tete pawl (variant readings) hi a rak theih zo thu a Grik Bible suah mi dung lamih simfiangnak a pek mi ah a lang. Cui simfiangnakpawl cu Grik Bible a suah hlan ihsi a rak timlam cia mi a si fawn. ~himnak ah, kutngancapawl lakih bangawklonak um mi thubuaideuh Matt 6:13 ih Bawipai Thlacam (tlunih kan simfiang zo mi), Matt 19:9-20 ih milian tlangvalpa le Jesuh’i biakawknak, Mark cemnetnak thu (Mark 16:9-20), Luke 2:14 ih vancungmipawl ih hla, Luke 22:43-44 thu, John 7:53-8:11 ih uiret lai kaih mi nu thu, 1 Tim 3:16 ih Jesuh Khrih ih Pathian sinak thu, tivek thubuaipawl hi Erasmus in a rak buaipi zo ih, fimkhur zetin simfiangnak a pe.[lviii] Hivek simfiangnak hmanah a fimkhur zet a si ahcun, Bible sung thu taktak ahcun a fimkhur sinsin ti rinhmaih ding a um lo. Himi ihsin a lang mi cu, Erasmus in Textus Receptus a suah laiah kum 1800s hnu lam lawngih rung lar thar kutnganca “tuan” pawl (kutnganca malte lawngih lungkimpi mi) a hmang lo nan, hi kutnganca “tuan” pawl le Byzantine texts pawl lakih thubuai um mipawl thei cia cingin Byzantine texts pawl (kutnganca za ah sawmkua hnakih tam ih lungkimpi mi) a rak thlun sawn thotho, timi hi a si.
Cuiruangah, kerkawm ah hman loih kum zabi 18 sung lai rak um ziar men mi, 1800s hlanah zumtu mipi kut ih rak um lo, cui hnu lam lawngih run hman phahphah fang men mi, kutnganca tamsawn thaw khalih lungrual thei lo, kutzung siar tham tluk fangih mal kutnganca “tuan” pawl hi “rinsantlakbik” le “`habik” an si tiih zum hnakin, an kum nauta hmansehla an thuanthu Tirhthlahpawl san tiang zawt vivo a theih mi, san a pehpeh ah leitlun huap zumtu mipipawl in an rak hmanbik mi, tui san tiang khalih cuai thei lo, kutnganca tamsawn ngaingai khalih lungkimpi mi Textus Receptus hi rinsantlakbik a si, tiih zum hi thil um taktak mi evidence in a khihhmuh mi le thil awm-angsawn (more reasonable) hrimhirm a si lo maw?
           

“Textus Receptus” timi Hmin hi “Kyaw-ngia” nak men a si maw?

“Textus Receptus” hmin ra suahnak thu ah, Saya Hre Kio cun thu dang tel lo “kyaw-ngia” nak menmen ihsi ra suak phunin a ngan (11-12). Hihi kil khat lawng zoh ih sim mi awkam a si. Khat lamah “kyaw-ngianak” a tel tihi rinhmaih ding a um lo, asinan khat lam lala ahcun a dik ve hrimhrim mi a si. Hiti kan ti tikah mi hmuahhmuah pakhat hman hrelh loin an pawm thluh tinak a si lo. Hi Grik Bible pawmlotu an um ve ko ding. Asinan hi Grik Bible hi Elzevir in “Textus Receptus” timi hmin a pek hlan ihsin cui san mipi ih rak pawm tlangpi mi (commonly accepted) a si ih, cui hnu khalah, langter zo bangin, Westcott le Hort in 1881 kum ih Grik Bible an run suah hlan kulh sungah nehnak cotu bik a si peh vivo thotho. Elzevir khan thil rak si rero zo mi zohin hmin a pe a si sawn. Cuiruangah “kyaw-ngianak” rim a namnak lai um khalsehla, khat lamah a tlangpithuih a dik ve hrimhrim mi a si ruangah Pathian ih “providence” in a si, tiih ruah ding a si ko. Cuitlunah zumtu pakhat in “kyaw-ngia” duh ruang menah Bible sungah thu diklo a ngan ngam (ti palh pang dah ti lo) tiih ruah hrimhrim hi khawruahdan dik a si thei ding maw?
KING JAMES VERSION

            “King James Verion” timi thuhlu hnuaiah Saya Hre Kio in KJV suah thawknak thu le KJV ih “tlaksamnak” a ti mi ziangmawzat a ngan. Cumi lak ihsin pahnih thum te vun cung tahratin zohhliahsaknak kan neih duh mi cu: Ziangruangah KJV an rak let?, Leh mi maw rem mi deuh? Khuimi KJV bik? Ziangah KJV ah Apocrypha a tel? tipawl hi an si.

Ziangruang KJV An rak Let?

            KJV an rak lehnak san thu ah Saya Hre Kio cun Bible tampi a suah zo ruangih “hnok hnuaihni mi reh seh, ti duhnak” ih leh mi siin a rel (3). Hihi a diknak lai a um nan, a kimcang deuh lo ih, KJV lehnak san taktak a langfiangter fawn lo. KJV let dingih thurawtnak a rak suahnak taktak cu, “hnok hnuaihni mi reh seh, ti duhnak” men lawng si lamlam loin, a rak um zo mi Mirang Biblepawl `awnghram Hebru le Grik thawn tah`him tikah duhthu an sam tawk lo ruangah `awnghram thawn a dengaw mi Bible neih duh ruangah a si sawn. Hihi Hampton Court ih thu reltlangnak an neih `um ih Siangpahrang James hnenih KJV let dingih thu rak bur hmaisabiktu Puritan John Reynolds ih `awngkam ah siseh, thutitluknak an tuah mi ah siseh, Bible leh tikih an thlun ding dan an tuah mi ah siseh, fiangten a lang mi a si.
Pakhatnak ah, John Reynolds ih `awngkam cu: “. . . a pariatnak Henry le a paruknak Edward in ram an uk laiih [hman] an sian mi [Bible] pawl cu a `halo mi (corrupt) le ~awnghram (Original) thawn a dengaw lo mi an si ruangah, Bible thar let dingah . . .” (Hihi theih awl ding zawngih leh mi a si. A Mirang vek cekci cun hitin a si: “. . . there might be a new translation of the Bible, because those which were allowed in the reigns of Henry the eight, and Edward the sixth, were corrupt and not answerable to the truth of the Original.”).[lix] Pahnihnak ah, thutitluknak an tuah mi ah hitin a lang: “~awnghram Hebru le Grik thawn a rualaw theibikin Bible pumpi let dingah; . . .”[lx] Pathumnak ah, KJV leh tikih an thlun ding dan hleinga sungih pakhatnak ah Bishop Bible thlunbik ding an ti nain `awnghram Bible thawn an thurualawk lawngah (as the Truth of the original will permit) timi in ramri an khang.[lxi] Hihin KJV an rak leh laiih an tumtah mi taktak cu `awnghram Hebru le Grik thawn a dengaw mi Mirang Bible `ha neih an duh ruangah a si, theih hawi ding um loin a langfiang zet.

Leh mi maw Rem mi deuh?

            “KJV lettu pawl in a zatein KJV Baibal hi a thar in an let thluh, tiah mi tampi ih kan ruah `heumi cu a dik lo. . . . A thar teih lehmi Baibal, tin a phaw ih an nganmi cu a dik lomi a si. Mi in KJV hi lei hai seh ti duhnak ih nganmi a si” (3). KJV an leh laiah a hlanih rak um zo mi Biblepawl an rawn, an thlun phahphah ti cu theih cio mi a si. A hleicein William Tyndale ih leh mi tla cu za ah sawmriat tlun an thlun. Asinan hiti Bible um cia an thlun phahphah ruangah KJV hi a thar ih leh mi a si lo lamlam lo. An leh mi taktak cu `awnghram Hebru le Grik a si ih, cui `awnghram le Mirang Bible rak um cia pawl an bangawknak (an rak leh diknak) lawngah an thlun fang a si. Hi ruangah “a thar ih leh mi” a silonak ding san a um hrimhrim lo. Mirang `awng ih Bible rak um hnuaihni zo mi hin KJV `hasin dingin a bawm men sawn a si. Cuitlunah, KJV phaw ahhin “a thar tei leh mi” ti lawngin an ngan lo, “Bible leh hmaisat mipawl thawn ngunngaih zetih zohtawn le rem mi” (“. . . & with the former Translations diligently compared and revised, . . .” ) ti an telh.

“Khuimi KJV bik?”

            KJV hi vawi ziangmawzat rem mi (revised) a si ti thu ah el ding a um lo. Ruah ding mi sawn cu, hi “rem” timi hi ziangvek remnak a si, timi hi a si. KJV an rak remdan phun hnih a um: (1) khawl ih nam sual mi rem mi (printing errors), le (2) Mirang cafang kawmdan thlengawk (changes in the English language) ruangih rem mi, tiin. ~himnak ah, Saya Hre Kio in cahmai 4 ih KJV “tlaksamnak” a tarlang mi Matt 26:36 ih “Jesuh” aiih “Judas,” Exodus 14:10 vawi thum ngan mi, Exo 20:14 ih “lo” hrelh mi, Matt 25 ih “Fala pahra tah`himnak” aiih “Cabit tah`himnak” tipawl hi leh sual mi si loin, khawl ih nam sual mi (printing errors) men hlir an si, ti a fiang. Hivek tipalh mipawl hi KJV lettupawl lakih pahnih Samuel Ward le John Bois in an rak rem. 1617 kum ah an rem `heh. A phun hnihnak cu, cafang ngandan rem mi a si. Khuahlan ahcun verb dungah “e” bet an hmang, “v” aiah “u” an ngan, “s” aiah “f” tvk. ~himnak ah, tulaiih “fear” cu 1611 KJV ahcun “feare,” “moved” cu “mooued,” “evil” cu “euil,” “also” cu “alfo” tvk. Hivek Gothic le German cafang kawmdan danglam pawl hi 1762 kum ah an rem thluh ih, 1769 kum ah khing rih lam thu reldan (weights, measures, coins) khal an rem (updated) thluh. [lxii] Hi khawl ih nam palh mi le cafangkawmdan thleng mi tete vek hi a tican danglam thluh koih thleng mi, asilole leh sual mi vek phunin uak tukih rel ding ci an si lo.
Saya Hre Kio in KJV ih “palhnak an remmi thawngkul (20000) a um” tiah William Kilburne in a ti (3), a ti mi, le American Bible Society in “thawng kul hluanli (24000)” bangawklonak a um,[lxiii] an ti, a ti mi khal hi 1611 KJV le tulai KJV a thawk ihsin a cem tiang tah`him thluh tu D A Waite ih hmuhsuah mi thaw cun a bangaw lo zet. Waite cun Semtirnak ihsin Thupuan tiangah hna ih ngai tikih awsuah dangawlo (`himnak ah, “blind” le “blinde”) tel loin, hna ih theihtheih cin ah KJV ih `awngfang 791,328 sungah 421 lawng thleng mi a um; himi sung khalah a tamsawn cu awsuah danglamter thei cafang kawmdan thleng mi men (`himnak ah, “toward” ihsin “towards” ah, “burned” ihsin “burnt” tvk) an si ih, thleng titlak ngaingai cu 136 lawng a um, a ti.[lxiv]
A tlunih kan tarlang mi vek KJV remnak hmuahhmuah cu 1769 kum ah `heh thluh a si ih, hihi tui san ih kan hman mi KJV a si. Danawknak pipa a um lo. Curuangah tui san ih KJV hi 1611 ih KJV thawn a sung thu taktak ah a bangaw mi an si, ti theih a si. “Khuimi KJV bik?” tiih buaipitlak ngaingai a tling lo.

Ziangah KJV ah Apocrypha a Tel?

KJV an leh laiih Apocrypha an rak leh tel le an run suah mi khalih an telh thu hi Saya Hre Kio cun KJV ih “tlaksamnak” pakhat siin a hmu. “An leh tikah Roman Catholic Kawhhran ih Baibal “Apocypha” khal an telh; Protestant Baibal hnakin cabu 15 a tam deuh. (RC Kawhhran hotu pakhat Jerome hman in AD 420 hrawngah Latin Baibal Vulgate a leh tikah hi Apocrypha hi a telh lo mi a si.)” (4).
Hi zawnih ruah tel ding thupi mi cu, Apocrypha rak telhtu hi KJV lawng a si lo, culai san ih Bible, `himnak ah, Wycliffe Bible le Geneva Bible tivekpawl khalin an rak telh ih, Protestant Bible hmuahhmuah ihsin Apocrypha telh nawn lo hi tidan tlangpi (norm) a rung sinak cu kum zabi 19th lawngin a si, timi hi a si. Cuitlunah KJV lettupawlin Apocrypha hi thawtkhum mi (inspired) Bible ah an ruat hrimhrim lo, an leh tik khalah fimkhur zetin an let lo. Curuangah Scrivener cun, “Apocrypha cun 1611 ih Bible remtupawl le an hlanih mipawl hnen ihsin fimkhur zetih ngaihsaknak a hlawh lo ti cu Bible thiam (Biblical scholars) pawlih theih cio mi a si . . .” a ti.[lxv]

KJV le Fundamentalist Lungput

            KJV thu a ngannak a thawk lamah Saya Hre Kio in, “’Fundamentalist’ hrekkhat lungput cu, ‘KJV siar lo, Baibal dang siar ding a si lo, KJV lawng hi a dikmi, Pathian thawtkhum mi a si”; “anmah pommi le hmuhmi ih tlun ah midang hmuhmi cu an pom lo lawng a si lo; Satan ta tluk ah an ruat. . . . An lungput hi phundang deuh a si,” tiin fundamentalist lungput a hmuhdan a tarlang (2). Cuitlunah fundamentalistpawl cun Bible urkang an hmang ti tla a telh ih, “cuti ih lungput le nun cu Khristian lungput le nun ah Fundamentalist hrekkhat pawl cun an ruat. Pathian ih fialmi tluk ah an ruat,” a ti bet (3). Hi zawnah thu pahnih tawiten thailang duh ve mi a um.
Pakhatnak ah, fundamentalism thuanthu zoh tikah, fundamentalist hrekkhat pawl cu an feh luantuk `heu ngai. Hihi el ding a um lo. Asinan hivek luantuk lungput le fehdan hnihkhat hi fundamentalist hmuahhmuah lungput a si hrimhrim lo ih, fundamentalist dang pawl lala ih pawmpi lo mi le pawi ti zet mi a si, ti hi cu hmuhsakawkpi sehla a `ha zet ding. Fundamentalist lakah thil umdan ciamciamtei zoh ih cuai thlaitu, evidence hngetkhoh zet sirhsan ih pawmtu tampi an um. Fundamentalist lungput ngaingai cu ziang thu hmuahhmuah ah, zumnak le ni tin nun thu ah siseh, thuneitu sangbik, thutawp simtu, tahawknak ding cu sualtheilo le sualtello Pathian Thu Bible lawng a si, timi hi a si.
            Pahnihnak ah, “KJV lawng hi . . . Pathian thawtkhum mi a si” an ti, a ti mi te hi. Hi zawnah theih dingih thupi zet mi cu, ziangvek Bible, ziang `awng ih leh mi khal va si sehla, leh mi (translation) pohpoh cu, ziangtlukih `ha le Pathian hman mi a si khalle, Pathian ih thawtkhum mi an si lo, tihi a si. Bible ih zirh mi thawtkhumnak cun a tirte ih Pathian pek mi `awnghram Hebru le Grik (autographs) lawng a huap (2 Tim 3:16), `awng dang ih leh mi a huap thei lo. Curuangah `awng dang ih leh mi, `himnak ah KJV tivek hi “Pathian thawtkhum mi a si” titu cu mi hnihkhat te ngaingai, Peter Ruckman le a hopawl vial an si ih, pawmdan diklo a si. Fundametalist le KJV `antupawl lala in hihi an do rero mi a si.[lxvi]


KJV ih Rinsantlak Sinak[lxvii]

            Leitlun ih Bible leh mi tamtak um mi lakah khuimi khi rinsan a tlakbik ti khaikhinnak ah thil a sinak ngaingai hmufiang thei ding cun, asilole thudik pem thei ding cun, lo theih loih zoh tel ding mi thil a malbik ah pali a um. Cupawl cu: (1) Bible lehnak ih hman mi Hebru le Grik Bible (the underlying texts), (2) Bible lettu[pawl] ih tlinnak (qualification of the  translator[s]), (3) Bible lehdan (method of translation), le (4) Leh suak taktak mi (final product) tla an si. Hi pali hi `hen theih loih sihcihaw thluh an si. Bible lettu cu ziangtlukih mithiam le tling siin lehdan dik thlun khal sehla, a sirhsan mi Hebru le Grik (asilole Mirang Bible) rinsan a tlak lo ahcun, a lehsuak mi cu Bible `ha le rinsantlak a tling thei lo ding. Cuvek thothoin, a sirhsan mi Hebru le Grik Bible cu ziangtlukin `ha khalsehla, a lettu cu mi tling lo a si ih, lehdan dik a thlun lo a si ahcun, a lehsuak mi cu ziangti hmanin Bible `ha le rinsantlak a si thei lo ve ding. Hi cuailung pali thawn cuai thlai tikah, KJV cu Mirang Bible lakah a cuai a ritbik mi, Bible `ha le rinsantlak a si, ti a lang. Ziangahtile KJV cu, a tlun lamih langter zo bangin, a sirhsan mi Hebru le Grik Bible a `ha, a lettupawl cu England ram pumpi ih mithiam filawr hlir an si lawng si loin Pathian mi an sinak ah le Bible thurin an pawmdan ah sawisel ding um lo hlir an si ih, an lehdan ah lehdan dik (verbal/formal equivalence) an thlun fawn tikah, an lehsuak mi cu Bible `ha maksak “ro tling” lawlaw a si.
            KJV a suahnak hi tu cun kum 400 a luan zo. 2011 kum kha kum 400 a kimnak a si. Cumi sunlawihnak ah England ram ih Trinitarian Bible Society tla cun 2011 kum sung hmuahhmuah KJV thuhla simnak hmun dangdang ah thla tin an nei vivo. Cabu le cahram khal tampi an suah. America khalah Dean Burgon Society in Collingswood ah KJV kum 400 kim lungawi thu simnak a tuah. Ram dangdang khalah kawhhran dangdang in hivek an tuah hnuaihni. American Congress pi rori hmanin KJV hi America rak hngawr neh zet tu a sizia an theihpinak le an lungawinak ca an suah (2011 kum ih 112th Congress thu suah mi “thubet” ah siar aw). KJV cu a suah thawk ihsin tuisun ni tiang dodaltu tam zet lakah le a lalnak cuh tumtu Bible tam zet lakah Pathian in a humhim ih, dinhmun danglam zet a pek mi, mangbangza ih thlawsuah a pek mi, le minung thawng tamtak nunnak hngawrtu ih a hman mi Bible a si ringring lai.




THUNETNAK

            A tlunih kan ngan mi ihsin a langfiang mi cu, tui san ih hmuh theih Grik kutnganca “tuan” pawl khi a “tlai” pawl hnakin rinsantlak an si sawn lo, tihi a si. Kutnganca “tlai” ti mipawl khi an suahkehnak thuanthu zawt vivo tikah kutnganca “tuan” ti mipawl hnakin an “tlai” taktak cuang lo. Cuiruangah kutnganca “tuan” le “tlai” tiih khaikhin hrimhrim hi a dik tawk lo mi a si. Cuhnakin kutnganca “tuan” veve, phun bangawlo, tiin khaihin sehla an sinak dik a lang sawn. Cuitluanah, Grik kutnganca cu an kum upat le nauhak men lawngin zoh loin, Grik kutnganca dang ih nemhngetnak, Bible rak leh hmaisat mipawl ih nemhngetnak, le khuahlan kawhhran palepawl ca ngan mi ih nemhngetnak tipawl thawn zohtawn sawn ding a si ih, hitin cuaithlai tikah Grik kutnganca kum upa mallai sirhsan ih suah mi (khawl ih nam mi) Grik Bible W&H Text, UBSGNT, NANTG tipawl (Falam Baibal rung suahnak) hnakin Grik kutnganca kum nauta le a tamsawn sirhsan ih suah mi Textus Receptus hi rinsantlaksawn ngaingai a si, ti fiangten a lang. Himi in (thu dang rel tel lo hmanah) “Falam Baibal Thianghlim hi rinsan a tlak ngaingai maw?” timi thusuhnak “aphi” (answer) a pe cih tiah kan ruat. KJV cu, hi rinsantlak Grik Bible Textus Receptus ihsin zohmanih zuam theih rual loih dik le mawi in rak leh mi a si ruangah, Mirang Bible lak ahcun rinsan a tlakbik mi Bible a si. Cuvek thothoin, hi Textus Receptus le KJV ihsin `awng dang ih leh mi Bible khal, a lettu(pawl) in dik zetin a(n) let a si ahcun, rinsantlak a si ve fawn ding. A tawinak cun, Grik Bible ah Textus Receptus a `habik ih, Mirang Bible ah KJV a `habik. Cucu thu hngetkhoh (strong evidence) in a nemhgnet mi a si. Hivek Bible `ha Textus Receptus le KJV ihsin dik le mawi zetih leh mi kan `awng in suak thei lohli hram seh, tihi zumtupawl in kan zuam ding le kan thlacam ding a si lo ding maw?
            A siartu hmuahhmuah Pathian in malza lo sawm cio hram seh.


January 28, 2012
Yangon, Myanmar






























ENDNOTES

[i] Stephen Hre Kio, “Falam Baibal Thianghlim hi rinsan a tlak ngaingai maw?” (PDF), http://chinlandtoday.info/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Falam-Baibal-Thianghlim-hi-Rinsan-a-tlak-ngaingai-maw.pdf  ah siar theih a si. Hi ca hi December 5, 2011 ih a rak ngan zo mi a si nan, tui ca ngantu cun January 11, 2012 lawngah a siar ngah. Saya Sui Lian Mang ih “Bible Dangdang Khaikhinnak” khal hi November 26, 2011 ih a rak ngan mi a si hmang nan, tui ca ngantu cun January 12, 2012 lawngah a siar ngah. A netadeuh hi online ah siar theih a si: http://chinlandtoday.info/2011/11/bible-dangdang-khaikhinnak/ Hi ca pahnih hi tui ca ngantui kut a thlen tlaideuh ruangah duh vekin tui ca hi a suah lohli thei lo ih, cumi ah theihthiamsak dingah zangfah a lo dil duh.
Hmin kawhawkdan thu ah Kawlram ahcun Pathian hna`uantu cu “Saya” tiin kan kawhawk tlangpi ruangah, hi ca sung ahcun “Saya” ti lawng hman vivo a si ding. Phun dang ah ruah ding a si lo.
[ii] Falam Baibal rinsan a tlak taktak le taktak lo thu kimcang deuh ih siar duhtui hrangah tui cangantui ngan mi Mirang `awng in siar ding a um: Biak Lawm Thang, Examination and Evaluation of Falam Chin Revised New Testament under the Textus Receptus and King James Bible, ThM Thesis (Singapore: Far Eastern Bible College, 2008).
[iii] Stephen Hre Kio, Baibal Leh Daan (Guam: np, 1995); “Is King James Bible the Best English Version?” Zomi Theological College Annual Magazine (1998): 41-48; “Falam Baibal sungah ‘Caang Pumpi Hrelhmi’ A Um Maw?” Vankau Arsi (2002): 33-39.
[iv] Hihi theih awl ding zawngih ngan men mi a si. Kutnganca hmuhsuah mi hi a karh vivo ih, Grik kutnganca paziat a um ti thu ah mithiampawl in an zohsobik mi, kutnganca nasa zetih hliakhlaitu (textual critic) German mithiam Kurt Aland le Barbara Aland cun 1967 kum ah 5,255 a um an ti lawk nan, 1989 kum ahcun 5,488 tiang hmuhsuah zo siin an rel. Kurt and Barbara Aland, The Text of the New Testament: an Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism, 2nd ed, 1989, cited by Malcolm H Watts, The Lord Gave the Word: A Study in the History of the Biblical Text (London: Trinitarian Bible Society, 1998), 17. 1983 kum ih United Bible Societies ih suah mi The Greek New Testament (4th edition, Introduction, 5-22) cun 5,490 umin a tarlang. Hi kutngancapawl hi a bu pum hlir si loin a bulcawng tete tivek an si ih, an pian khal a bangaw thluh hai lo.
[v] Mi hrekkhat in Grik kutnganca 5000 lenglo um mi hi pakhat hman a bangaw mi an um lo an ti `heu. Hihi uar luan tuk thu (overstatement) a si, ziangahtile zovek mithiam hmanin a zate ngaingaiih zohtawn (compared) thluhtu an um lo. A taktak ahcun a bangaw cekci mi (identical) khal an um ve. Kutnganca thu nasa zetih hliakhlaitu Wilbur Pickering in amah rori ih hmuahsuah mi ah bangaw thlepthlep an um thu hitin a ngan: “Down with carnards! In graduate school (theology) I was taught that no two MSS of the NT are identical in text. If we consider a book at a time, which I take to be the only reasonable demand, the statement is not true. Taking only the MSS that I myself have collated (copies in my possession), I have fourteen with an identical Text for Philemon, seventeen for 2 John, sixteen for 3 John, twelve for Jude, five for Titus and 2 Thessalonians, three for Galatians, Colossians and 1 Thessalonians, and two for Ephesians, Philippians, James and 2 Peter. As I collate more MSS these numbers can only go up. The shortest books have the highest scores because the copyists didn’t have time to get tired or bored. For all that, the care with which the monks did their work is impressive. I invite all who read this to join me in exposing this canard,” online at http://evangelicaltextualcriticism.blogspot.com/. Cited in Jeffrey Khoo, The Bible Stands: Textual Reception or Textual Criticism? unpublished lecture note (Singapore: Far Eastern Bible College, 2008), 139.
[vi] Hi zawnah Germany ram hi, Pathian ih phuansuakawknak Bible cu zumnak le nuncan thu ih tahawknak dik umsun le thuneitu sangbik a si timi, Bible ih dinhmun diktak, a laltohkham ihsin a hnukthlatu liberalism le rationalism (minung khawruahnak le fimnak rori thupibik ih rettu) rak keuhsuahnak bupi a si ti kha hngilh lo sehla, thil umdan kan hmuhfiang bet phah a zumum.
[vii] Bruce M Metzger, The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration, 2nd ed (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1968), 119, 121. Hipa hi tulai mithiam tampi in an hlirso zet mi a si ih, hi a cabu khal hi Bible tlawng tampi ah textual criticism thu ih “standard” tluk deuhthaw hialih an hman zet mi a si. Saya Hre Kio tla cun hipai ca ngan mi A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament cu “Khuimi so a hmaisabik ih nganmi  . . . a si tiih an zingzoinak le cuai an thlaimi pawl fianternak ah cabu an ngan mi lakih a `ha bikmi” a ti. Stephen Hre Kio, Khristian Thupom (Yangon: Falam Baptist Pawlkom, 2006), 13, footnote. Asinan Metzger hi mithiam pakhat cu si khal sehla, rinsan a tlak ngaingai lo mi a si. ~himnak ah, 1 John 5:7 thu thawn pehparin, Erasmus in Textus Receptus a rak suah laiah, hi Bible cang tel mi Grik kutnganca pakhat hman a neih lo ruangah a rak telh lo lawk nan, lehhnuah hi Bible cang tel mi Grik kutnganca pakhat te sarsuah a si ahcun telh leh dingin thu a rak kam; cule cuvek kutnganca cu run hmuhsuah a si – asilole a telh ding duh tuk ruangah midang in an tuah hrim, tiin thuanthu a phuah. Hihi mi hrekkhat cun thudik ah an ruat ih, an aupi ciamco. Curuangah santhar Bible tampi ah, Falam Baibal telin, hi cang hi an telh lo. Asinan Erasmus thuhla thei zettu (Erasmian expert) Leiden University ih Henk J de Jonge in a ca ngan mi “Erasmus and the Comma Johanneum” timi ah Metzger ih thuanthu phuah mi hin sirhsan zianghman a neih lo thu fiang tukin a run ngan. Curuangah Metzger in lehhnuih a suahsal mi 3rd edition ahcun a cabu sungah a rem duh lo nan footnote (p 291) ah Erasmus le John 5:7 thu hi “rem a `ul ding” (needs to be corrected) tiin a rak tisual thu a run phuang. Cf Jeffrey Khoo, “Bruce Metzger and the Curse of Textual Criticism,” The Burning Bush 15/1 (January 2009): 41-45.
[viii] Ibid, 124.
[ix] Cf J Harold Greenlee, Introduction to New Testament Textual Criticism (Grand Rapids: Wm B Eerdmans, 1964), 77. Westcott le Hort cun “intrinsic probability,” “transcriptional probability” tivek theory an phuah. Asinan hi theorypawl hi zumhmang thil (pure guesswork), thil um taktak mi in a lungkimpi lo mi an si.
[x] A pahnihnak khal hi a dik mi a si thotho lo. Asinan hi thu cu Saya Hre Kio in a ngan tel lo ruangah hi ca ah kan dai tel lo ding.
[xi] An zumdan hitin an ngan: “. . . it is our belief (1) that readings of B should be accepted as the true readings until strong internal evidence is found to the contrary, and (2) that no readings of B can safely be rejected absolutely, . . . especially where they receive no support from Versions or Fathers.” B F Westcott and F J A Hort, Introduction to the New Testament in the Original Greek (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1882), 225. Cited by George Skariah, The Biblical Doctrine of the Perfect Preservation of the Holy Scriptures, ThD dissertation (Singapore: Far Eastern Bible College, 2005), 37.
[xii] David Otis Fuller, ed, Which Bible? (Grand Rapids: Institute For Biblical Textual Studies, 1990), 2.
[xiii] John William Burgon, The Causes of the Corruption of the Traditional Text, cited in D A Waite, A Brief Summary of the Causes of the Corrupton of the Traditional Text (Collingswood NJ: The Bible for Today Press, 1997), 3.
[xiv] Kurt Aland, "The Significance of the Papyri for Progress in New Testament Research," The Bible in Modern Scholarship, ed J Philip Hyatt, 333, cited in Fuller, Which Bible?, 27, footnote.
[xv] G W Anderson, What Today's Christian Needs to Know About the Greek New Testament (London: Trinitarian Bible Society, 1994), 4.
[xvi] John William Burgon, The Revision Revised: A Refutation of Westcott and Hort’s False Greek Text and Theory (Collingswood: Dean Burgon Society Press, reprinted, nd), 8-10.
[xvii] Cited by Edward F Hills, “The Magnificent Burgon” in Which Bible? ed, Fuller, 92.
[xviii] Amai ngandan vek cekci cun, “ B . . . are . . . most scandalously corrupt copies extant: – exhibit the most shamefully mutilated texts which are anywhere to be met with: – have become by whatever process (for their history is unknown), the despositories of the largest amount of fabricated readings, ancient blunders, and intentional preservations of Truth: – which are discoverable in any known copies of the Word of God.” Burgon, Revision Revised, 16.
[xix] Cf Jeffrey Khoo, Kept Pure in All Ages: Recapturing the Authorised Version and the Doctrine of Providential Preservation (Singapore: Far Eastern Bible College Press, 2001), 49-51.
[xx] Burgon, Revision Revised, 16.
[xxi] Cited by D A Waite, Defending the King James Bible: A Fourfold Superiority (Collingswood: The Bible For Today Press, 2002), 59.
[xxii] Burgon, Revision Revised, 34-6.
[xxiii] Cited in Khoo, Kept Pure, 67-68.
[xxiv] J A Moorman, 8,000 Differences Between the NT Greek Words of the King James Bible and the Modern Versions (Collingswood: The Bible For Today, 2006).
[xxv]Kutnganca thuanthu zoh tikah, Textus Receptus asilole Traditional Text ti khalih kawh mi rung suahnak Byzantine texts pawl hin kutnganca phun dang pawl (Alexandrian, Western tvk) lakah khuahlan lai ihsin lawn theih lo mi dinhmun, asilole nehnak laltohkham an rak co tihi el theih loih a lang mi a si. 1800s laiih Textus Receptus rak hua zettu Westcott le Hort cun hi thu hi a simfiang ngaihnak an theih lo ruangah “Syrian Recension” asilole “Lucan Recension” timi thuanthu an phuah. Kum zabi 4nk ah Antioch asilole Antioch kiangah kawhhran hruaitu palepawl tawnkhawmawknak an nei ih, cui `um ah kutnganca dang pawl cu hnawl thluhin Textus Receptus lungkimpitu Byzantine kutngancapawl lawng an pawm ih kawhhran ih hman ding “official text” ah an can; hi ruangah hin a si tui san ih um lai kutnganca tamsawn khi Byzantine texts an sinak, tiah an ti. Asinan hi thuanthu ih thubuai um mi cu, kawhhran thuanthu ngankhumnak khui hmanah hivek a rak um dah thu ngan mi a um lo, timi hi a si. ~awng dangin kan sim asile, hi thuanthu hin “historical evidence” a tlasam, tinak a si. Hihi thil danglam zet cu a si ding, ziangahtile kawhhran palepawlin cutlukih a thupi mi (ziangahtile Khristiannak ah Bible hnakih thupi a um lo) thu an rak rel si sehla, ngankhumnak (record) um hrimhrim dingih mawi a si, a san cu kawhhran ih thupi hlapi dang relkhawm mipawl ngankhum ih an um thluh ruangah. Hivek nemhngettu nei lo thuanthu an rak phuahnak hi Textus Receptus huatnak le evidence hlawhsam zet cingih Alexandrian kutnganca (Aleph, B tipawl) hramhram ih `an an duh ruangah siin a lang. Curuangah santhar mithiam tampi cun hi zawnah Westcott le Hort ih thu hi an pawmpi thei nawn lo. Burgon tla cun hi thuanthu hi Hort ih “mang man mi” men a si, a ti phah hngehnge.
[xxvi] A dang pahnih cu: (1) Western text type, le (2) Cesarean text type an si.
[xxvii] Waite, Defending the King James Bible, 56.
[xxviii] Ibid, 56.
[xxix] Ibid, 56-58.
[xxx] Watts, 21.
[xxxi] Edward Miller, “The Antiquity of the Traditional Text” in John William Burgon, The Traditional Text of the Holy Gospels Vindicated and Established (London: George Bell and Sons, 1896), 121. Cited in Watts, 22.
[xxxii] “Phahphah” ka tinak cu, 1800s hnu lam khalah a hmanglotu an tam tuk lai ruangah a si. Textus Receptus hi Tirhthlahpawl san ihsin tui san tiang hman peh vivo a si thu D A Waite in “historical evidences” 37 a pe. Cf Waite, Defending the King James Bible, 44-48.
[xxxiii] Edward F Hills, Believing Bible Study, 2nd ed (Des Moines IA: Christian Research Press, 1984), 34.
[xxxiv] The Revisers and the Greek Text of the NT by Two Members of the NT Company, 11, 12, cited in The Divine Original (London: Trinitarion Bible Society, nd), 9. Paranthesis added.
[xxxv] Ibid.
[xxxvi] Edward Freer Hills hi America ram ih tlawng hminthangbik lakih tel Yale University ihsin “Latin and Phi Beta Kappa” dinhmun tiangih degree rak ngahtu a si lawng si loin, Bible tlawng ih ThM a ngah hnuah “New Testament text criticism” rori zirin ThD tiang Harvard ih rak ngahtu a si. “Latin and Phi Beta Kappa” timi cu kan `awng cun “thiam filawr cungcuang” ti tluk a si ih, rampi in a tlawngkainak hmuahhmuah cawm thluh ding tiangih an duh mi tinak a si.
[xxxvii] Edward F Hills, The King James Version Defended (Des Moines IA: Christian Research Press, 1984), 146-7. Hills in hi thu hi Grik kutnganca hrekkhat, Bible leh hmaisat mi hrekkhat le kawhhran palepawl hrekkhat ih an telhlonak san kimcang deuhin 147-150 ah a simfiang.
[xxxviii] Ibid, 148.
[xxxix] Cited in Ibid, 149.
[xl] Ibid, 200-1.
[xli] Metzger, 101-2.
[xlii] Hills, KJV Defended, 209.
[xliii] Khoo, Kept Pure, 87.
[xliv] Ibid. 1 John 5:7-8 thu thukdeuh ih hliakhlai bet duhtu hrangah 1 John 5:7-8 humnak cabu `ha maksak cu, Michael Maynard, A History of the Debate Over 1 John 5:7-8 (Tempe AZ: Comma Publications, 1995) a si.
[xlv] Kutnganca “tuan” tiih mi hrekkhat ih an hlirsoh zet mi Codex Vaticanus cu Pope ih library sungih hman loih rak um ringring mi a si; Codex Sinaiticus cu St Catherine phungki tlawng hnawmpung sung ihsin Tischendorf in a sar mi a si. An pahnihin kum 1800s hnu lam lawngih mipi hmaiih rung lang fang an si; cui hlan an thuanthu theih a si lo, rak hman mi an si fawn lo. Cf Burgon, Revision Revised, 319, 342-3; David W Daniels, Answer to Your Bible Version Questions (Ontario: Chick Publications, 2003), 145-55; Biak Lawm Thang, “Codex Sinaiticus () le Codex Vaticanus (B),” Sola Scriptura (April 2005): 13-24.
[xlvi] Hills, Believing Bible Study, 192-3.
[xlvii] Cited in Ibid, 199.
[xlviii] UBSGNT, 660.
[xlix] UBSGNT, 538.
[l] Hills, Believing Bible Study, 97.
[li] “Majority Text” timi cu, Zane C Hodges le Arthur L Fastad ih suah mi, The Greek New Testament According to the Majority Text, 2nd ed (Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1985) Grik Bible a si.
[lii] UBSGNT, 541.
[liii] Tigran Aivazian, ed, , The New Covenant: The Greek New Testament, Stephanus 1550 Received Text with 7798 Textual Variant Notes, Containing All the Readings of Four Printed Editions (London: Bibles.org.uk, 2005),.
[liv] Hills, Believing Bible Study, 191.
[lv] Ibid, 189.
[lvi] Ibid.
[lvii] Hills, Believing Bible Study, 193.
[lviii] Hills, Believing Bible Study, 194.
[lix] C P Hallihan, The Authorised Version: A Wonderful and Unfinished History (London: Trinitarian Bible Society, 2010), 43.
[lx] Mirang `awng cun hitin a si: “That a translation be made of the whole Bible, as consonant as can be to the original Hebrew and Greek; . . .” Laurence M Vance, A Brief History of English Bible Translations (Pensacola: Vance Publications, 1993), 25.
[lxi] Ibid, 25-27.
[lxii] Jeffrey Khoo, KJV Questions & Answers (Singapore: Bible Witness Literature Ministry, 2003), 13.
[lxiii] Ibid, 5.
[lxiv] Waite, Defending the KJB, 238.
[lxv] Scrivener ih ngandan cekci cu: “It is well known to Biblical scholars that the Apocrypha received very inadequate attention from the revisers of 1611 and their predecessors, . . .” Cited in Khoo, KJV Q&A, 14.
[lxvi] Cf Jeffrey Khoo, “Non-Ruckmanite Answers to Anti-KJV Questions,” The Burning Bush 17/1 (January 2011): 18-41.
[lxvii] Hi thulu hnuaiih thu hi, tui `um thu ih laimu ngaingai a si lo ruangah a tawizawng te lawngin ngan a si. A `ul a si le, kimcang deuhin kan ngan leh ding.


































THUBET


112TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. CON. RES. 38
Recognizing the 400th anniversary of the publication of
the King James Version of the Bible.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
APRIL 12, 2011

Mr. ADERHOLT (for himself and Mr. RAHALL) submitted
the following concurrent resolution; which was referred to the
Committee on Oversight and Government Reform
CONCURRENT RESOLUTION
Recognizing the 400th anniversary of the publication of
the King James Version of the Bible.

Whereas the King James Version of the Bible was the first
English language Bible to be published in the United States;
Whereas the King James Bible, also called the Authorized
Version, has made a unique contribution in shaping the English
language, including hundreds of common everyday expressions;
Whereas the language of the King James Bible has entered into the very culture of the United States through a myriad of poetry, speeches, sermons, music, songs, and literature;
Whereas the teachings of the Scriptures, particularly read from the King James Scriptures, have inspired concepts of civil
government contained in our founding documents, and subsequent laws;
Whereas public officials on all levels of governments, including presidents, have taken their oath of office with the King James Bible;
Whereas many national leaders, have paid tribute to the
surpassing influence of the Bible in the United States development, among them the words of Democratic President Andrew Jackson, calling it ‘‘the rock upon which our republic rests’’;
Whereas Republican President Ronald Reagan also said of the King James Bible, ‘‘Indeed, it is an incontrovertible fact that all the complex and horrendous questions confronting us at home and worldwide have their answer in that single book’’;
Whereas in the history of the United States, the King James
Bible has played a significant role in the education of countless
individuals, families, and societies;
Whereas the King James Bible, the most printed and widely
distributed work in history, is now in its 400th year of publication;
Whereas in 2011, the 400th anniversary of publishing the King James Bible will be celebrated in churches, public events, and conferences with further research, discussions, speeches, and sermons; and
Whereas the King James Bible’s relevance and contributions continue to formatively influence the United States: Now, therefore, be it

Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate
concurring), That Congress—
(1) recognizes the 400th anniversary of the Authorized King
James Version of the Bible being published;
(2) recognizes its lasting influence on countless families,
individuals, and institutions in the United States; and
(3) expresses its gratitude for the influence it has bestowed upon
the United States.



THUTHLUNGTHAR AN RAK FINKHAWM DAN THUANTHU
( NT, Canon)
 A. Grik Cabu ( Manuscript pawl)
 Khrih dungthlun pawlin kutin nganmi Thuthianghlim pawl kha kawhhran tinah siar theih dingin kawpi an rak tuah vivo ih kawhhran tin in khawm awknak hmuntinah an rak siar ttheu. Cui hnu ah ken sukso le fingkhawi a awlsam deuh mi 'Papyrus' timi caphek parah an rak ngan sawng vivo. Cui caphek pawl cu boruak ttha lo a tuar thei lo zet. Kawhhran thawk pek ihsin AD kum zabi 15 tiang milai kutin anrak ngan sawng vivo. Kum zabi 15 hnu lam lawngin Baibal Thuthianghlim cu khawlin an rak ngan sawng vivo thei. Cutin kutin an rak ngan sawng vivo tikah cafang ngan sual le cawn sual mi um loin rak tuah a harsa zet. Asinan hlanlaiih Grik ttonngin an nganmi pawl hmuh thei mi a um laiih an ngan swngnakah an sual mi tete remsal theih asi. Cuticun Thuthlungthar cu kawpi tampi tuah sawng vivo asinan kum zabi 18 hrawngah Grik ttongin nganmi caphek pawl ( a hrek cu a tthen a lang lawng kan hmu thei) kan hmu thei ih Dungthluntu pawl rak nganmi thawn a dang aw lo ding tiah kan ti thei. (Grik ttongin nganmi Baibal caphek cu 5366 hmuh ding a um). Bruce in hitin asim "Leitlunah Baibal ca tlukin khua hlan ca (Original kawpi) hmuh thei mi kan nei lo." Cui Baibal Grik caphek pawl cu a tlangpi thu in phunthum ah an tthen. Cupawl cu ziangvek an si ti kan zoh hnik pei.
1.           PAPYRI

          Thuthlunghlun san lai ahcun ca ngannakah savun ih tuahmi a tlangpi thu in an rak hmang nan Thuthlungthar san ahcun Papyri hi a thlangpi thu in ca ngannakah an rak hmang. Papyri hi Egypt ram Nile tiva kiangih a ummi Papyrus hridai ihsin an tuahmi a siih Egypt ramah kum 3000 BC lai ihsin an rak hmanmi asi. (An tuahdan cu, Papyrus hri pawl kha pherphiar vekin an phiar hnu ah an sut bek ih nisa lakah an pho hnu ah a hri thling pawlin a tinal ih caphek vekin nal zenzi ten a suak). Cule Egypt ram ihsin ram inhnen pawl khalin an run cawng vivo ih Grik le Rome ram pawl khalin can ngannak hmanrua ah an run hmang ciamco. Metzger in hitin a sim:
" Grik le Rome ram pawl ahcun ca an ngan tikah Papyri lole savun ih tuahmi pawl parah an ngan ttheu. Cun a hrek cun Papyri pawl kha an thitkom ih cabu vek tla in an tuah hnuah a lenglam in tuamtu an tuah. A tlangpi thu in Grik cazial pawl hi pi 35 (feet) hrawng a sau. Cauk pakhat ah tuah dingmi pawl kha cazual pakhatah ngan ttheu."

Cazual hman tikah a siartu pawl hrangah a awlsam zet. Khatlam le khatlamah a zial theih ih casiartu in ca siar phah in a kut khatlam in a kau vivo ih a kut khatlam in a zial phahphah a ttul. Cutikah zumtu pawlin Thuthianghlim an siar tikah an duhnak catlang kha awlsam ten hawl a theih lo ti an hmuhsuak tikah cazial kha a phekphek in an tuah ih tui kan hmanmi cabu vekin an tuah thawk. Cutikah an duhnak catlang kha awlsam ten an kau thei ih casiartu hrangah a awlsam zet. Cumi cabu vekin an tuahmi cu Codex form tiah an ko. A hlan ih an hmanmi cazual hnakin a tthatnak tampi an hmu suak) Thutthimnakah, Thuthangttha buli pawl kha hmunkhatah ngan kawp a theih ih cabu pakhat vekin a tuah theih. Cuvek thotho in Paul cakuat pawl kha hmunkhatah ngan in cabu pakhat vekin tuah a theih. An duh zatzat kha bukhat sungah an ret thei ih bukhat sungah an telh duh zatzat kha tuah theih asi. Cuitlunah phek khatlam le khatlamah ngan a theih ih cabu man a awl tlunah a ken le ret khal a awlsam deuh. Cuvekin cabu phun (Codex Form) kha Grik Khristian pawlin an duh zetih Jews pawlin Synagogue ah an hmanmi Thuthlunghlun cazual (Roll-form) pawl lak ihsin thleidan a awlsam ruangah an duh zet fawn.   
Papyrus catlep pawl cu a tlek awl zetih tuah a harsat ruangah Grik catlap pawl malte lawng hmuh ding a um. Grik ttongin nganmi ca pawl kan hmuh theimi cu a tlangpi thu in phun 88 lawng a um. Hi pawl hi a rei bik ca ngan mi kan hmuh thei mi an si, tui hlan kum zakhat (100) sungah Egypt ramah hmuhsuak salmi an si. Egypt pawl hin ca thupi pawl hi an hlawn dah loih ttha zetin an kilkhawi ttheu ruangah Egypt ram ihsin a tam bik cu hmuhsuak salmi an si. Asinan, Papyri pawl hi an tlek hnuaihni ih a tlek pawl cu rem khawm hnu lawngah siar theih mi tla an si. Cun a hrekkhat cu famkim deuh in a um lai mi khal an um.  
Curuangah Papyri pawl cu hminsinnak "P" timi an ngan, p tlunah number an nganih Baibal leh thar mi pawlin an hman tikah hminsinnak thawn an ngan tel ttheu. Revised Standard Version, New American Standard Bible, le New International Version pawl hi Grik tongin nganmi bu (Original Text) pawl ihsin an leh mi an si.
 a. P52, John Rylands Fragment (AD.110-125)
Himi Papyrus parih nganmi fate (21/2 by 3 1/2 ft.) hi tulai san Thuthlungthar nganmi kan hmuhmi lakah a rei bik, khuahlan ta bik asi. Himi catlep fate ah cang 5, John 8:31-33, 37-38 tiang a um. Himi catlep hi a fate zet nan hlanlai ihsin a rak umnak hmun le tikcu in theihter ruangah a thupi zet. Egypt ramah kum 1920 ah an hmuh suak mi a siih Mirang ram (England), Machester ih John Rylands Library ah tu tiang an ret. AD. 100 ihsin 125 karlak hrawngah an nganmi asi tiah an zum.
b. P45, P46, P47, Chester Beaty Papyri (200-250)
Keiro ih Chester Beaty pawlin kum 1930 hrawngah Egypt ram ihsin an lei mi Papyri catlep pathum a si. Thuthlungthar papyri an hmuhsuak mi lakah a thupi bik an si tiah an ti. Dublin ih Beaty Museum ah a tutiang an ret lai.
P45 cu hnah 220 a ummih (10/8 inches) hnah sawmthum in tuahmi asi. A sung thu um pawl cu hnahhnih - Mathew, Hnahruk - Mark, Hnah sarih-Luke, Hnahhnih-John, hnah hleithum - Dungthluntu pawl tuahnak tlan an si.
P46 ahhin tlap 86 a umih hnah 104 in tuah mi asi. (Hnahkhat ah 11 by 61/2 a hlai) A sungthu pawl cu a hnuailam vekin an si. Roman, Hebrew, I & II Korintian, Ephesian, Kalatian, Philipian, Kolosian, I & II Theosolonika tla an si. Kum 200 AD hrawngih ngansawng mi vekin a langih P45 hnakin a rei deuh in a lang.
P47 hi Thupuan hnah 10 lai ngan mi a siih ( a hlailam inchi 9 1/2 le 5 1/2 hawng a si). P45 vekin P47 khal kum 250 AD hrawngih ngansawngmi vekin a lang.
 c. P66, P72, P75 Bobmer Papyri (175-300)
A hmin hi a cazual neitu Geneva ih Martin Bodmer hmin lakih an sakmi asi. Hi khal hi Egypt ram ihsin leimi an siih Thuthlungthar ah a thupi zetmi an si. P66 papyri hi Grik Thuthlungthar ahcun a rei lam pakhat asi ve. A zaten hnah 104 lai asi ih John (1:1-6:11; 6:35b-14:26) pawl a um. Cuithlunah a belcawng hnah 40 lai a tel. P72 hi kum zabi pali hrawng ihta asi ih I & II Piter le Jude pawl kawpi hmuh hmaisa bikmi an si. P76 cu Luke kawpi reibik le John kawpi reibik lakah pakhat asi.
 2.      UNCIALS  
Grik Baible catlap lakah a pahnihnak pawl cu savun ih tuahmi catlap (parchment, vellum) asi. Kawhhran pawlin savun hmangin Thuthianghlim an ngannak cu AD kum zabi pali ihsin pakua tiang kar lakah asi. Savun ih tuahmi cathlap pawl kha mipi in an hmang thawk vivo. Ziangruangah tile papyrus pawl cu a tuah a harsa ih a siat awl fawn, savun cu a tang sawn deldel asi. Savun ih tuahmi asi. Savun ih tuahmi par ahcun cangantu pawlin a phek lehlam le lehlamah an ngan thei. Papyri cu a tlangpi thu in phek lehlam lawngah an ngan theu. Savun parih ca ngan mi pawl cu tulai sanah a tlangpi thu in phunhnih in an then.
Metzger in hitin a sim: Atlangpi thu in ca an ngan tikah phunhnih in an ngan. Pakhat cu nitin hmanmi, hmanlangpi ca a siih 'cursive' asilole 'running' (kut ngan rang kan ti men ding kan theihthiam theinak dingah) tiah an ko. 'Running' lole 'Cursive'-Hmanlang ca cu nitin cakuat, hnatuan hminsinnak le hmanlang pawlah an hmang. Cun a dang pakhat cu, cabu an suah tikah kut ngan mawi deuh in an nganih ngandaan pa-ngai an nei. Cumi cu'Uncial' tiah an ko. Uncial cangan daan ahcun cafang pakhat le pakhat a dai aw loih tui cafang tumpi kan ngan daan vek deuh asi. Asinan kum zabi pakua (9) hrawng ihsin cabu tuahnak ah an hmanmi kutngan phun khat a suak salih cucu minuscules tiah an ko. Cuticun, cursive cafang pawl hmangin Grik cangandaan hmang an mal vivo. Cuticun Grik ca ah cursive, minuscules pawl cu a neta ah a suakmi le hmanmi an si ih uncial pawl cu a hmaisa le hlanlai ta ah a cang.
Cuticun Grik tongin savun ah an nganmi Baibal cathlap pawl cu Grik uncial pawl cafang hmangin nganmi an si. Cule uncial ca pawl cu ca an ngan hlanah Arabic number pawl an ngan hmaisa ih cui hnu ah ca an ngan thawk theu ruangah theih le hminsin a awlzet.  
 a. 01, Codex Sinaiticus (AD. 340)
Himi ca pawl hi Constantine Tischendorf in 1853 Sinai tlang hnuai ih St.Catherine tlawng umnak hmunah a sarmi asi. Cui tlawng cun Russian Czar hnenah laksawng vekin a rak pek ih, Soviet kumpi in 1933 ah Mirang (British) hnenah a rak zuar salmi asi. Cule a tuah cuica cu Mirang Museum ah a um. A dikzet ih hrelhmi a neih mal ruangah tuini ah cuica cu Grik cathlap hmuhsuakmi lakah hmantlak bik pakhat asi. Culawng hman si loin, Codex Sinaiticus hi Grik uncial ca in Thuthlungthar a zaten a ummi umsun asi. Himi ca sungah Thuthlunghlun Septuagint sungta khal a hrek tluk a telve. Cun Barnabas ih cakuat le Spepherd of Herman lak ihsin a telmi a um ve. Grik uncial in nganmi a siih phek 3641 1/2 a um…13 1/2 12 14 inches kau le sau asi). Ca hmai pakhat ah column pali ah then a si ih column pakhat ah 2 1/2 inches cio a kau. Caphek hi savun in tha zet in tuah mi asi.
b. 02, A, Codex Alexandrinus (450 AD).
Himi codex hi kum 1627 ah mirang ramah an rak kengih mirang ram Musium ah an ret. Himi codex ahhin Thuthlunghlun hmuahhmuah (hnahra siar lo), le Thuthangthar hmuahhmuah (hnah 25 siar lo) cu tui kan hmanmi Baible thu pawl a kim thluh.
c. 03, B, Codex Vaticanus (ca. 325-350)  
Codex Vaticanus hi Thuthlungthar savun parih nganmi a hlun bik pakhat asi. A hmin ah an telh vekin Rome ramih Vatican Library ah kum 1475 ihsin an ret ih cumi hnu kum zali hnu lawngah thiamsang filawr pawlih zir awknak ah hman an siang. Septuagint Thuthlungthlun le Thuthlungthar tamsawn cu a telthluh. Semtirnak sungih bung 46, Sam number 30, Pastoral cakuat hrekkhat le Hebrew Bung 9:14 ihsin hnu lam pawl a tel nawn lo.
3. MINUSCULES   
Hihi kutngan kawi ih ngaimi an si. Cursives cangan mi pawl hi 2,800 thluk ah then asi. Asinan, a nithla an nganmi hi kum zabi pakua ihsin hleiruk karlak sung lawng si thei in a lang. Asinan cursive pawl hi kan thuthlungthar sungah tampi telh asi.  
Ewert in a sim dam cu: Uncial canganmi pawl hnakin minuscule canganmi pawl hi a tlai, lehhnu ih nganmi an si. Ca ngan hmaisa mi pawl hi a neta pawl hnakin a dik deuh in le a man a nei deuh ding tiah a tlangpi thu in ruah mi an si. Lehhnu ih canganmi pawl cu hlan lai ih ca nganmi pawl ihsin ngan sawng mi an si ih hlanlai ih ca ngan pawl hi a dik sawn ding tiah ruah mi an si. Grik tongih nganmi ca (Baibal) pawl hi phunthum in man an nei zet, Thuthlungthar a dik le diklo le khuimi a dikbik ti zohfiangnak dingah hman an si thluh. Papyri, uncial le miniscules pawl tha ten zohkhawm ih khaikhin hnu ahcun Dungthluntu pawl nganmi Cathianghlim pawl hi khuimi a dik in a hramthawk ih nganmi asi ding ti theihtheih nak dingah hlanlai ca nganmi pawl kan zoh ih kan khaikhin tikah a hram thawk ih Thuthiang nganmi pawl porhsuak theih asi. Thuthianghlim an ngan sawngnakah cafang ngan sual mi tete a um nan Grik tongih ngami ca 5000 tluk lai a ummi khaikhinnak in Dungthluntu pawlih rak nganmi thuthianghlim cun ziang thu bik a sim ih ziangvekin rak ngan asi ti thutak cu zingzawi theih asi.  
 B.     Text neta pawl: Bu neta pawl
 1. Receivd text (textus Receptus)  
“Thuthiang pawl hi an ngan thawk ihsin kum zabi 16 tiangah kutngan (manuscript form) in a rak umih kutngan in ngan sawng vivo mi asi ruangah bu khat le bu khat cafang bangawk lonak tete a um. Asinan, Kawhhran dinsal nak (reformation) ihsin thawk in Baibal cu khawlsutmi in suah asi. Curuangah bu tampi ah suah asi khal len cafang bang aw zetin a suak thei. Dutch thiamsang (scholar), Erasmus in kum 1516 ah Grik tongih khawl sut Thuthlungthar cu a suah ih mi tampi lei theih in zuar asi. Stephanus tiah theihmi Estiene le Theodore Beza pawlin an suah bet sal ih cu pawl cu a tlangpi thu in Received Text a silole Textus Receptus tiah theih asi. Eramus in Grik tongin Thuthlungthar khawl sut a suahmi pawl kha kumzabi 12 hrawngih ngan sawng mi pawl kha a hmang thlangpi bik in a lang. A rei bik text a hmanmi cu kum zabi pahra (10) hrawngih ta minuscule tiih kawh mi asi. Asianan, cumi cabu sungta hman cu malte lawng a hmang.   
Metzger in hitin a sim; Erasmus ih Thuthangthar suah mi hi King James lettu in an tansan le an hman bikmi asi ih kum 1881 hlanah Protestant pawlin an tansan le an hman bikmi asi. Curuangah Textus Receptus tiah kawhmi Erasmus ih Thuthlungthar khawlin a rak sutmi hi text a hmanmi pawl kha lehhnu ta (kum zabi 12 hnu ta) a hman ruangah Grik ca nganmi (Thuthiang nganmi dang pawl) thawn khaikhin tikah ca ngan daanah rin um tawk lonak tete a um thei.
2. Westcott-Hort Text  
Cutivek dinhmun ruangah scholar (thiamsang) pawlin Grik tongih nganmi Thuthlungthar bu hlun pawl kha thaten an zir thawk ih khuimi a dikbik ding tiah an zoh hliah sal ciamco.  
Metzger cun hitin a sim.  “Thuthlungthar a dik maw dik lo tiah an hliakhlainak (textual criticism) thuanthu ahcun thiamsang pawlin GrIk cabu hlun pawl le nganmi dangdang le kawhhran pupa pawlih simmi pawl an zoh hliahsal nak asi. Cuticun Thuthangthar zoh hliahnak dingah Europe ram le ni suahnak lam ramthenah laibarary le miuziam pawl tla thiamsang pawlin an din. Asinan, himi kumzabi sungah thiamsang (scholar) tamsawn in a famkim lo zet nan Erasmus ih khawlsut mi Thuthangthar kha suah nawn sal dingah an rak lungkim.”
Textus Receptus a suah ihsin kim 1700 hnu lam tiang Gik Baibal suahmi kha sawiselnak a rak um hnuaihni ruangah anmah te Grik cabu hlun pawl an zirnak vek cio in anmah te a dangdang in cabu an suah. Asinan hminsin tlak le a dik bik ding tiah pommi cu kim 1881 ah Cambridge ih scholar (thiamsang fillawr) pahhnih, B.F.Westcott le F.J.A. Hort in an ruak suah. Cauk hlun pawl kha a phun then a theih asi tiah an ti. Kawhhran pupa hmunkhat ihsin a rak suak mi cauk pawl cun bang awk nak te an nei deuh in a lang an ti.
Carson in hitin a simbet. Grik tongih suahmi pawl kha a phun then theih an si, phunkhat cio cun famkim lonak le hawi zawn lonak bang aw an neiih an rak suahdan le kilven an si daan khal bang aw an si. (Text type) Bu hlun phunkhat hnu phunkhat cu kut ih ngan sawng mi an si vekin pakhat cio kha khuimi phun ih telmi asi ti theihtheih le thleidan theih an si. Asinan cu lakah a rawi aw mi cu thil um thei mi asi.  
Westcott le Hort in a tlangpi thu in Grik cabu pawl kha phunli ah then theih an si tiah an ti. Syrian, Western, Alexandrian le Neutral tiah an ko. Cule, thiamsang dang pawlin hmin dang an saksal ih Alexandrian, Eastern, western, le Byzatine tiah an ti. Alexandrian text (bu) pawl hi rin umbik le a dikbik asi ding tiah an ruat deuh. Ziangah tile hlanlai buhlun pawl- uncial pawl   
(codex Vatican, codex Sinaiticus le codex Alexandrinus) le minuscules hrekkhat pawlin an betbawm (support). Byzantine bu (text) pawl hi a dang thlukin dinhmun tha a nei lo. Ziangah tile a nithla a tlai deuh ruangah a hlun bik pawl thlukin dinhmun tha a nei lo. Kum zabi 300 le 400 karlak hrawngih suak an si tiah an ti. A thlaihnu ah tuahmi asinan, Grik tong hmang Khristian pawlih hman thlangpi bikmi le Textus Receptus khalah an run hmanmi bikah a cang.  
Westcott-Hort ih tuahmi cu lehnuta asi nan hlanta Textus Receptus kha a run neh ih mi tampi hman mi ah a rung cang. Himi scholar pawl hin Alexandrian ih Text (bu) pawl kha an rak ngaina ih Codex Vatican le Sinaiticus khal kha Thuthangthar ah siar ding an si tiah an ti. Curuangah Westcott-Hort san hnu lamih Grik Baibal suahmi pawl cu Byzantine bu pawl hmangin tuahmi Textus Receptus thawn an dang aw zet.
Bible hlun pawl lak ihsin tongfang le cathluan bang aw lo pawl lak ihsin a dikbik dingih ruahmi an hrildan tlangpi cu a hnuai lam vekin asi. 
3. Electic Metho (Thlankhawm daan)  
Tulai, santhar thiamsang (scholar) pawlin Baibal an leh tikah hlanlai bu hlunpi pakhatkhat kha hmang men loin bu dangdang kha an zohkhawm ih a tha bik dingin an let theu. Westcott le Hort in an rak tuah vekin an hmanmi bu sungta lawng siloin bu dangdang sung ihsin zohkhawmin Bible an let theu. Cuticun Baibal sungah an ngan daan sung ihsin zoh khawm in a dikbik le Pathian thu in a simmi bik kha theihsuak thei dingah an zuam in an tuah suak theu.
A thlangpi thu in an zoh tikah an theih fiang theinak thu pahnih in a then theih:
a.      Lenglam theihtheinak
Himi thu ah a hnuailam vek pawl hi a thupi
1. Ca nganmi pawl ih kum (ziangtikah nganmi asi)
2. Khuitawk le khui ram ihsin nganmi asi
3. A bu pawl ziangvek cabu pawl lakih tel an si
4. Cabu dang sungah an ngan telnak le kawhhran pupa pawlin an theihpinak
b. A sunglam thu ummi
Himi thu ah a hnuailam thu pawl an tel
1) Siardan bangaw lo lakah a siardan harsa deuh pawl kha an hril
Thuthimnakah, Mark 16 nakah, “Farasi ngantu” tiah ngan a siih a dang hrekkhat ahcun “Farasi ca ngantu” tiah ngan asi. Hitawkah Mark in a sim duh mi cu Farasi ca ngantu tiah a sim duhnak san asi. Bible ngan thawk laisan ih cangandan pawl an finfiah.
2) A tawi deuh pwl hril asi
Ziangruangah tile ca ngantu pawl ttongkam hman mi fiangter deuh dingah ttongkam an bet tthei asi tiah ruat asi.
3) Catlang bang aw zikte pahnih lakah a siardan a nal lo deuhmi kha lak asi ttheu.
Ziangruangah tile ca ngan sawngtu pawlin ca an ngansawng tikah ca siar awl deuh dingin an rak remsal ttheu ruangah asi.
4) Ca ngandan (Grammar) har deuh kha lak a si ttheu.
Ziangruangah tile ca ngan sawngtu pawlin ca an ngan swng tikah ca siar awl deuh ding in le theih awl deuh dingin an rak remsal ttheu ruangah asi.
5) Adung le hmailamih thu thawn a bangaw mi asilole a zulpeh aw mi hril asi sawn ttheu.  
6) Ca ngantu (author) ih ruahdan le ca ngan ttheu dan thawn a mil aw bik lak asi ttheu. Ziangruangah tile ca ngantu pakhat cio in anmai ca ngandan, ttongkamseh, an ruahdan le ca ngandan pawl hi thleidan theih an si ttheu ruangah asi.
7) Ca ngantu pai zirhnak pawmmi le fehpi mi thawn a mil aw bik kha hril asi ttheu.
Curuangah scholar (thiamsang filawr) tampi an um vekin Grik cabu hlun pawl le ca nganmi hlun pawl tampi lak ihsin Thuthlungthar cu cabu pakhatah suah asi vekin tulai ih kan neihmi pakhat le pakhat kar lakah maltete bang awk lonak a um tei mi asi. Asinan cu pawl cu fimkhur zet in kan zoh asile Thuthiang in ziang a sim duh ih ziang a khihhmuh ti cu rinhlelh ding um loin kan theithei asi. Zianglam khal sisehla, khuahlan lai ih rak nganmi kan Baibal Thuthianghlim cu tampi hmuh ding a umih cu pawl ihsin Mirang tongin an let sawng hnu ah leitlun tong phunphun ah leh sal asi tikah ttongkam hmandan bang aw lo mi maltete a um thei. Cutikah kan theih ding mi cu kan Baibal hi a hram thawk ihsin mi tampi le kut tampi in kum thawng siar sungah ngan sawng vivomi asi ih mithianghlim tampi in an nunnak le an tikcu pe in an fingkhawimi Pathian thawkkhummi Thuthianghlim asi ti kan thinlung sungah zianghman rin hlelhnak um loin kan pom le kan nunpi ding hi asi sawn.
May God bless you all!

HM

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